Carlos Varea
Biographic Data
| ID | 102056 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carlos Varea |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carlos |
| FAMILY NAME | Varea |
| SIGNATURE | VAREA C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8915-0782 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 13 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 18 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Patrones horarios de los partos en la Casa de Maternidad de Madrid (1887-1914)
El grupo de primates al que pertenece nuestra especie muestra mayoritariamente un ciclo de actividad diurno, de tal manera que los partos se inician de noche y se completan de madrugada o en las primeras horas de la mañana. La preservación de un parto nocturno debió de ser muy importante para la supervivencia de nuestros ancestros a partir de Homo erectus, hace 1,8 millones de años, dado que la intensa cerebralización fetal que protagonizó esta e…
Use of joinpoint regressions to evaluate changes over time in conscript height
OBJECTIVES: Cohort variation in adult height expresses both the impact of socio-economic change on human biology in a wide temporal perspective and social inequalities within populations. We aimed to test the use of joinpoint regressions to identify periods in which changes in height trends were statistically significant. METHODS: Data correspond to the height recorded in Madrid City (Spain) for 65 313 conscripts between 1936 and 1974 (cohorts fr…
Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain
Typifying historical populations using anthropometric indicators such as height, BMI and weight allows for an analysis of the prevalence of obesity and malnutrition. This study evaluates secular changes in height, weight and body mass for men cohorts at 21 years old, born between 1934 and 1954 who were called up between 1955 and 1974, in the city of Madrid, Spain. In this study we prove the hypothesis that anthropometric variables increase thanks…
Covid ‐19, crisis, and emotional stress
2020. «Paintings for Wuhan», Li Zhong (China) © Li Zhong through Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research. Li Zhong is president of the Artist Association of Fengxian District, Shanghai (China). An interview with Li Zhong and a series of paintings on the fight in China against the COVID-19 pandemic area is available in Painting and epidemic. This is a Commentary on the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on future human growth and develo…
Plasticity in the growth of body segments in relation to height‐for‐age and maternal education in Guatemala
OBJECTIVES: Plasticity in the growth of body segments between populations has been researched in relation to migration, temporal change and high-altitude studies. We study the within population variation in body segments, thus controlling for some of the environmental and genetic differences that could be at play in between populations studies. We test a version of the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, where the growth of head-trunk and hand are prio…
Low birthweight prevalence among Spanish women during the economic crisis
Previous studies have demonstrated a negative, significant impact on birthweight associated with the current economic crisis in Spain, which has also been reported for other European countries. Effects by parity are not known. Our aim is to compare the trends in low birthweight (LBW) by parity in Spain from 1996 to 2016. Using the National Vital Statistics data, joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the time periods of significant ch…
Disparities in Height and Urban Social Stratification in the First Half of the 20th Century in Madrid (Spain)
Adult height is the most commonly used biological indicator to evaluate material and emotional conditions in which people grew up, allowing the analysis of secular trends associated with socio-economic change as well as of social inequalities among human populations. There is a lack of studies on both aspects regarding urban populations. Our study evaluates the secular trends and the disparities in height of conscripts born between 1915 and 1953 …
Human life course biology
hypotheses of how the human pattern of growth evolved. Four historical events and premises structure our current approach to understanding growth in the context of human life history
Is the economic crisis affecting birth outcome in Spain? Evaluation of temporal trend in underweight at birth (2003–2012)
Results demonstrate a significant increase in the prevalence of underweight at birth from 2008. All maternal-foetal categories were affected, including those showing the lowest prevalence before the crisis. In the full adjusted logistic regression, year-on-year GDP per capita remains predictive on underweight at birth risk. Previous trends in maternal socio-demographic profiles and a direct impact of the crisis are discussed to explain the trends…
Revisiting the daily human birth pattern
OBJECTIVES: Among the ancestral characteristics of the primate group to which Homo sapiens belongs we find a pattern of daytime physical activity, but one notable exception is birthing which usually begins with night-time labor. In populations with a moderate or high level of medicalized labor, there is evidence that the medical preferences interfere with the underlying biological mechanism for the circadian pattern of human birth. METHODS: This …
Pregnancy outcome and delivery in Spanish and migrant women
For most of our history as a species, maternal constraint was the main environmental factor affecting biological status at birth. However, the great increase in medical intervention in the20th Century coincided first with an extraordinary reduction in perinatal mortality and later with an increase in preterm and low birth-weight babies. Herein, we analyze these temporary trends in neonate biology in Spain, according to early viability (1980–2010)…
Hour of birth and birth assistance
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies generally agree that in Homo sapiens births without medical intervention occur mostly at night, although with a less accentuated pattern than in other primate species. The present study has three main objectives: (a) to establish the hourly pattern of births in a modern medicalized population, (b) to explore the association between the hour of birth and maternal and fetal variables and mode of delivery, and (c) to eva…
Labor Management and Mode of Delivery Among Migrant and Spanish Women
Secular Trend and Intrapopulational Variation in Age at Menopause in Spanish Women
Menopause is associated with the general ageing process and marks the end of follicular depletion, a process that begins in the intrauterine stage and lasts throughout the lifetime of women until their reproductive senescence. Controversy persists about whether the age at menopause is sensitive to the ecological determinants prevailing during the lifecycle or whether it has a predominantly genetic component that would allow groups of women to be …
Determinants of contraceptive use in Morocco
The determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married women aged 30–44 living in the province of Marrakech (Morocco). Women who have never used contraception have smaller family sizes than those who do: the number of live children (or live births) is the variable with maximum predictive power on contraceptive use, while child mortality is the main inhibiting factor. The probability of contraceptive use in…
Marriage, age at last birth and fertility in a traditional Moroccan population
A sample of 842 rural women from Morocco (Amizmiz, Marrakech) was used to examine the relationship between a number of biosocial variables and fertility patterns. For women still in their reproductive years there were significant correlations between family size and woman's age, age at marriage and years of marriage. Among women with completed families, those with early age at marriage ceased childbearing about 10 years before reaching menopause,…
Physiological maturation, reproductive patterns, and female fecundability in a traditional Moroccan population (Amizmiz, Marrakech)
The interaction between age at menarche, adolescent motherhood, and subfecundity were evaluated in 496 Moroccan women 25–54 years of age from the province of Marrakech. Since this population is characterized by later sexual maturation and early marriage, significantly increased subfecundity, measured by the waiting time to first live birth and the incidence of fetal loss, was expected. Menstrual age was defined as the difference between age at ma…
The pattern of reproductive life in a Berber population of morocco
Reproductive patterns were studied from data collected in 1,450 Berber households in the province of Marrakesh, Morocco in 1984. Women aged 45-49 years had a mean of 8.9 pregnancies to achieve 5.7 living children. Social influences on fertility rates show the importance of tradition, particularly through time-dependent variables such as age at marriage, waiting time to first birth, interbirth intervals, and duration of breastfeeding. Birth contro…
Human life course biology
hypotheses of how the human pattern of growth evolved. Four historical events and premises structure our current approach to understanding growth in the context of human life history
The pattern of reproductive life in a Berber population of morocco
Reproductive patterns were studied from data collected in 1,450 Berber households in the province of Marrakesh, Morocco in 1984. Women aged 45-49 years had a mean of 8.9 pregnancies to achieve 5.7 living children. Social influences on fertility rates show the importance of tradition, particularly through time-dependent variables such as age at marriage, waiting time to first birth, interbirth intervals, and duration of breastfeeding. Birth contro…
Marriage, age at last birth and fertility in a traditional Moroccan population
A sample of 842 rural women from Morocco (Amizmiz, Marrakech) was used to examine the relationship between a number of biosocial variables and fertility patterns. For women still in their reproductive years there were significant correlations between family size and woman's age, age at marriage and years of marriage. Among women with completed families, those with early age at marriage ceased childbearing about 10 years before reaching menopause,…
Physiological maturation, reproductive patterns, and female fecundability in a traditional Moroccan population (Amizmiz, Marrakech)
The interaction between age at menarche, adolescent motherhood, and subfecundity were evaluated in 496 Moroccan women 25–54 years of age from the province of Marrakech. Since this population is characterized by later sexual maturation and early marriage, significantly increased subfecundity, measured by the waiting time to first live birth and the incidence of fetal loss, was expected. Menstrual age was defined as the difference between age at ma…
The pattern of reproductive life in a Berber population of morocco
Reproductive patterns were studied from data collected in 1,450 Berber households in the province of Marrakesh, Morocco in 1984. Women aged 45-49 years had a mean of 8.9 pregnancies to achieve 5.7 living children. Social influences on fertility rates show the importance of tradition, particularly through time-dependent variables such as age at marriage, waiting time to first birth, interbirth intervals, and duration of breastfeeding. Birth contro…
Determinants of contraceptive use in Morocco
The determinants of modern contraceptive use in traditional populations are analysed in married women aged 30–44 living in the province of Marrakech (Morocco). Women who have never used contraception have smaller family sizes than those who do: the number of live children (or live births) is the variable with maximum predictive power on contraceptive use, while child mortality is the main inhibiting factor. The probability of contraceptive use in…
Secular Trend and Intrapopulational Variation in Age at Menopause in Spanish Women
Menopause is associated with the general ageing process and marks the end of follicular depletion, a process that begins in the intrauterine stage and lasts throughout the lifetime of women until their reproductive senescence. Controversy persists about whether the age at menopause is sensitive to the ecological determinants prevailing during the lifecycle or whether it has a predominantly genetic component that would allow groups of women to be …
Hour of birth and birth assistance
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies generally agree that in Homo sapiens births without medical intervention occur mostly at night, although with a less accentuated pattern than in other primate species. The present study has three main objectives: (a) to establish the hourly pattern of births in a modern medicalized population, (b) to explore the association between the hour of birth and maternal and fetal variables and mode of delivery, and (c) to eva…
Labor Management and Mode of Delivery Among Migrant and Spanish Women
Pregnancy outcome and delivery in Spanish and migrant women
For most of our history as a species, maternal constraint was the main environmental factor affecting biological status at birth. However, the great increase in medical intervention in the20th Century coincided first with an extraordinary reduction in perinatal mortality and later with an increase in preterm and low birth-weight babies. Herein, we analyze these temporary trends in neonate biology in Spain, according to early viability (1980–2010)…
Revisiting the daily human birth pattern
OBJECTIVES: Among the ancestral characteristics of the primate group to which Homo sapiens belongs we find a pattern of daytime physical activity, but one notable exception is birthing which usually begins with night-time labor. In populations with a moderate or high level of medicalized labor, there is evidence that the medical preferences interfere with the underlying biological mechanism for the circadian pattern of human birth. METHODS: This …
Is the economic crisis affecting birth outcome in Spain? Evaluation of temporal trend in underweight at birth (2003–2012)
Results demonstrate a significant increase in the prevalence of underweight at birth from 2008. All maternal-foetal categories were affected, including those showing the lowest prevalence before the crisis. In the full adjusted logistic regression, year-on-year GDP per capita remains predictive on underweight at birth risk. Previous trends in maternal socio-demographic profiles and a direct impact of the crisis are discussed to explain the trends…
Human life course biology
hypotheses of how the human pattern of growth evolved. Four historical events and premises structure our current approach to understanding growth in the context of human life history
Disparities in Height and Urban Social Stratification in the First Half of the 20th Century in Madrid (Spain)
Adult height is the most commonly used biological indicator to evaluate material and emotional conditions in which people grew up, allowing the analysis of secular trends associated with socio-economic change as well as of social inequalities among human populations. There is a lack of studies on both aspects regarding urban populations. Our study evaluates the secular trends and the disparities in height of conscripts born between 1915 and 1953 …
Covid ‐19, crisis, and emotional stress
2020. «Paintings for Wuhan», Li Zhong (China) © Li Zhong through Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research. Li Zhong is president of the Artist Association of Fengxian District, Shanghai (China). An interview with Li Zhong and a series of paintings on the fight in China against the COVID-19 pandemic area is available in Painting and epidemic. This is a Commentary on the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on future human growth and develo…
Plasticity in the growth of body segments in relation to height‐for‐age and maternal education in Guatemala
OBJECTIVES: Plasticity in the growth of body segments between populations has been researched in relation to migration, temporal change and high-altitude studies. We study the within population variation in body segments, thus controlling for some of the environmental and genetic differences that could be at play in between populations studies. We test a version of the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, where the growth of head-trunk and hand are prio…
Low birthweight prevalence among Spanish women during the economic crisis
Previous studies have demonstrated a negative, significant impact on birthweight associated with the current economic crisis in Spain, which has also been reported for other European countries. Effects by parity are not known. Our aim is to compare the trends in low birthweight (LBW) by parity in Spain from 1996 to 2016. Using the National Vital Statistics data, joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the time periods of significant ch…
Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain
Typifying historical populations using anthropometric indicators such as height, BMI and weight allows for an analysis of the prevalence of obesity and malnutrition. This study evaluates secular changes in height, weight and body mass for men cohorts at 21 years old, born between 1934 and 1954 who were called up between 1955 and 1974, in the city of Madrid, Spain. In this study we prove the hypothesis that anthropometric variables increase thanks…
Use of joinpoint regressions to evaluate changes over time in conscript height
OBJECTIVES: Cohort variation in adult height expresses both the impact of socio-economic change on human biology in a wide temporal perspective and social inequalities within populations. We aimed to test the use of joinpoint regressions to identify periods in which changes in height trends were statistically significant. METHODS: Data correspond to the height recorded in Madrid City (Spain) for 65 313 conscripts between 1936 and 1974 (cohorts fr…
Patrones horarios de los partos en la Casa de Maternidad de Madrid (1887-1914)
El grupo de primates al que pertenece nuestra especie muestra mayoritariamente un ciclo de actividad diurno, de tal manera que los partos se inician de noche y se completan de madrugada o en las primeras horas de la mañana. La preservación de un parto nocturno debió de ser muy importante para la supervivencia de nuestros ancestros a partir de Homo erectus, hace 1,8 millones de años, dado que la intensa cerebralización fetal que protagonizó esta e…
Demography (16 works) · Medicine (11 works) · Population (8 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Biology (7 works) · Geography (7 works) · Birth, Development, and Health (6 works) · Demography (6 works) · Pregnancy (5 works) · Secular variation (5 works)