Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola
Biographic Data
| ID | 1024058 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola |
| GIVEN NAMES | Eeva-Kaisa |
| FAMILY NAME | Prokkola |
| SIGNATURE | PROKKOLA E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Oulu |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3237-6953 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 144 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Actors or spectators? Perceived responsibility for global warming and carbon-neutral travel behaviour
Behaviour change has become a critical driver for achieving net-zero emissions in the tourism industry. This study will focus on Pro-Environmental Behaviours (PEBs) and the attitude-behaviour gap among young generation travellers. The research conducted with university students in northern Finland highlights the often-overlooked role of perceived responsibility in understanding traveller PEB, using a combination of open-ended and close-ended ques…
Borderland community and the transformative resilience of covidfencing
The article studies the relationship between borders and community resilience during the time of COVID-19 pandemic and the specific crisis condition termed ‘covidfencing’. While there is common agreement that communities and their resilience are of the uttermost importance for crisis adaptation and recovery, there is less consensus about the definition of community. The spatial and discursive framing of community and community resilience are espe…
Geopolitics and Memorialisation of Borders
Geopolitics pervades memorialisation of borders worldwide. Border heritage sites commonly form powerful geopolitical bordering by creating myths of division and difference to serve the nation-state, and secure hegemonic narratives. Attention to multiplicity and polyphony of border memorialisation voices reveals coincidence and collision of memories and spatial orders to form resistance to the illusionary hegemonic border. Multiple temporalities m…
Scaling beyond north and south: Local agency of Finnish municipalities in European structural funds
Increasing regional differentiation and discontent in Europe have directed critical attention to European territorial cohesion policy and the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI Fund) mechanism. There is wide literature investigating macro-level processes of regional differentiation and cohesion as well as the efficiency of multi-level governance in the implementation of the funding mechanism. This study contributes to the existing mult…
Multilayered Borders as a Method for Studying Tourism Destinations: A Case of Northern European Border Regions
Geopolitics of mobile masses: Refugee and tourist metaphors in Finnish-Russian bordertown media
This paper examines the discourses on mobile others as objects of massification or likened to natural forces. By creating a dialogue between theories of crowds/masses and popular geopolitics, we examine how a local media frames the actual, imagined and absent border crossings of refugees and tourists when a voluminous mobile group disappears in tandem with an emerging unease about a new mobile group. We focus on the freesheet Imatralainen, publis…
Employers, the state and highly skilled migration: An employer-based study on ICT sector companies in Finland
Employer-based migration research has paid little attention to the formation of relationships between the state and employers, and their distinct, yet interconnected, roles in shaping highly skilled migration. This study examines how employers perceive their role in relation to the state’s interwoven promotion and regulation practices, with an emphasis on information and communication technology (ICT) sector companies in Finland. The results indi…
Role of Social Ties in Long-Term Settlement of Highly Skilled Migrants in Finland
Highly skilled migrants are often assumed to move from place to place at low thresholds, following the best job offers and easily integrating into new host societies. This study problematizes these as-assumptions and provides empirically based knowledge on the integration of highly skilled migrants working in the ICT sector in Finland, with a particular focus on social relations and plans for long-term or permanent settlement. The study investiga…
La frontera finlandesa-sueca, las movilidades y la geopolítica de la resiliencia
Este artículo analiza el potencial del concepto de resiliencia para la investigación desde la geopolítica crítica en el contexto de la frontera interna entre Finlandia y Suecia en la Unión Europea. El examen se centra en la geopolítica cotidiana de la resiliencia, manifestada en la política de adaptación/no adaptación a los requisitos estatales, y en dos de los principales eventos fronterizos que han tenido un impacto considerable en las instituc…
New geopolitics and the Finnish-Russian border as a marker of territoriality
Borderlands Resilience: Transitions, Adaptation and Resistance at Borders
Differential inclusion through education: Reforms and spatial justice in Finnish education policy
The paper studies the changing spatial rationalizations of Finnish education policy with a particular focus on upper secondary education, which has gone through significant reforms in recent decades. The fostering of social and spatial equality has long represented the cornerstone of Finland’s Nordic welfare state education system. The establishment of a widespread network of educational institutions also formed an important means of building soc…
Borders and resilience: Asylum seeker reception at the securitized Finnish-Swedish border
The past decade has witnessed a shift from “open borders” policies and cross-border cooperation towards heightened border securitization and the building of border walls. In the EU context, since the migration influx of 2015–2016, many Member States have retained the re-instituted Schengen border controls intended to be temporary. Such heightened border securitization has produced high levels of anxiety among various populations and increased soc…
Geopolitics of Border Securitization: Sovereignty, Nationalism and Solidarity in Asylum Reception in Finland
The paper examines the recent security interventions at the northern Finnish-Swedish border crossing point in the town of Tornio, the particular focus being on the 2015 migration influx in which Finland received a tenfold increase in asylum applications compared with the previous years (~3000 → 32 476 asylum applicants). The resultant securitization of the Finnish-Swedish border and the organization of asylum reception practices, in which nongove…
Border Cities
Border cities have traditionally been understood to have specific problems because of the proximity of a border and their often peripheral location within a country. They have come to be regarded as “laboratories” where the policy effects of economic integration and cross‐border cooperation can be evaluated. Alongside trade agreements, the question of border securitization has veered onto political agendas. Border cities function as gateways to m…
Borderless Worlds for Whom?: Ethics, Moralities and Mobilities
1. Introduction: borders, ethics, and mobilities Anssi Paasi, Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola, Jarkko Saarinen, and Kaj Zimmerbauer Part I: Borders in a borderless world 2. Borderless worlds and beyond: challenging the state-centric cartographies Anssi Paasi 3. Imagining a borderless world Harald Bauder 4. Borders, distance, politics Paolo Novak Part II: Politics of inclusion and exclusion 5. 'Borderless' Europe and Brexit: young European migrant accounts of…
Borderless Worlds for Whom: Ethics, Moralities and Mobilities
Heritage as Bordering: Heritage Making, Ontological Struggles and the Politics of Memory in the Croatian and Finnish Borderlands
Many borderlands have violent histories and therefore are focal sites for studying national war heritage and selective memory politics. The starting point of this paper is that when heritage becomes the institutionalized memory of a nation it simultaneously produces bordering and re-bordering effects in time and place. In heritage making some events and lives are understood to be worth commemorating simultaneously silencing the experiences of oth…
Trust Building or Vested Interest? Social Capital Processes of Cross‐Border Co‐Operation in the Border Towns of Tornio and Haparanda
During the recent decade, scholars have started to pay more attention to how the local socio‐institutional environment affects the outcome of regional cross‐border co‐operation (CBC) programmes and projects. This paper studies the social capital processes of CBC, particular focus being on how power and trust relations are manifested in project networking and implementation governed by public authorities. The examination focuses on the border town…
Making labour mobile: Borders, precarity, and the competitive state in Finnish migration politics
Youth organizations, citizenship, and guidelines for tourism in the wake of mass tourism in Finland
This paper will study tourism as a site of citizenship formation with a particular focus on the arrangements and lived practices of citizenship in the Finnish Youth Organization and in a sub-section of Northern Ostrobothnian Travel Club between 1965 and 1985. From the perspective of the model of citizenship in Finland, modern mass tourism was not unproblematic and it was uniquely incorporated in the program and activities of the Finnish Youth Org…
Border guarding and the politics of the body: An examination of the Finnish Border Guard service
In previous studies, the question of the state control over the bodies of people at border-crossing points has been of great interest, while less attention has been given to the bodies that carry out border surveillance and control. This article introduces a new perspective on the study of the state and gender by examining the imaginations and rationalities of state border guarding and the politics of the body in the Finnish Border Guard (FBG) se…
Neoliberalizing Border Management in Finland and Schengen
This paper provides a critical examination of the development of border management in Finland and the Schengen Area, the point of departure being that contemporary performances of border enforcement and security cannot be understood as distinct from the process of neoliberalization. The particular case which is examined is that of the Finnish Border Guard (FBG) service. Border management in Finland provides an interesting case not only because Fi…
Technologies of Border Management: Performances and Calculation of Finnish/Schengen Border Security
This paper focuses on the Finnish Border Guard, a professional law enforcement authority responsible for the control and surveillance of the Finnish and Schengen borders, and its performances of border security. Performativity approach means that the analysis of the material, consisting of the bulletins and reports that have been published by the Border Guard service, is not merely focused on the representation of borders but the bulletins themse…
Performance of regional identity in the implementation of European cross-border initiatives
The European Union’s cross-border cooperation policy is regarded as a key instrument through which to promote regional cohesion, competitiveness and identity. This paper studies performances of regional identity within the framework of the EU’s INTERREG North cooperation, and especially in the Finnish/Swedish border area. The performativity approach shifts the focus from the question of whether regional identities are fixed or hybrid, and thick o…
Unfixing borderland identity: Border performances and narratives in the construction of self
The relationship between state borders and identity has been a popular subject among border scholars. Despite this fact there is still relatively little conceptual and methodological discussion concerning borderland identities. This paper focuses firstly on the recent discussion of borders and identity, and secondly, it examines how narrative approach can contribute to our understanding of borderland identities. This is done by applying the narra…
Territorial Dynamics, Cross-border Work and Everyday Life in the Finnish–Swedish Border Area
Borders have become increasingly complex and multifaceted in the contemporary world. In spite of accelerating globalisation, flows of refugees, efforts at lowering the internal borders within the EU and general statements on the disappearance of borders, the state-centric system of territories and their borders still channels, through inclusion and exclusion, the ways in which most human beings recognise national practices and in which their dail…
Regionalization, Tourism Development and Partnership: The European Union's North Calotte Sub-programme of Interreg III A North
This paper examines the implementation and governance of cross-border initiatives in the North Calotte sub-programme of the INTERREG III A North (2000–6), covering Finland, Sweden, Norway and Russia, from the perspective of tourism. Tourism development has played a significant role in this European Union programme and has been contributing to both functional and imaginary regionalization of the North Calotte region. The INTERREG documents emphasi…
Border Narratives at Work: Theatrical Smuggling and the Politics of Commemoration
This paper discusses how cultural and artistic work constitutes a powerful means for mediating the collective memory of state borders. The empirical case study concerns the commercialisation of a borderland culture in the form of a ‘Smuggling Opera’ in a cross-border project on the Finnish-Swedish border region where border crossing has been unrestricted for decades. This theatrical performance constructs a particular local narrative which contes…
Border guarding and the politics of the body: An examination of the Finnish Border Guard service
In previous studies, the question of the state control over the bodies of people at border-crossing points has been of great interest, while less attention has been given to the bodies that carry out border surveillance and control. This article introduces a new perspective on the study of the state and gender by examining the imaginations and rationalities of state border guarding and the politics of the body in the Finnish Border Guard (FBG) se…
Neoliberalizing Border Management in Finland and Schengen
This paper provides a critical examination of the development of border management in Finland and the Schengen Area, the point of departure being that contemporary performances of border enforcement and security cannot be understood as distinct from the process of neoliberalization. The particular case which is examined is that of the Finnish Border Guard (FBG) service. Border management in Finland provides an interesting case not only because Fi…
Following the plot of Bengt Pohjanen's Meänmaa: Narrativization as a Process of Creating Regional Identity
This paper discusses the artistic and cultural work of one minority author and regional activist, Bengt Pohjanen, and how it constitutes a means for mediating regional identity narratives, constructing Meänmaa, the region straddling the border between Sweden and Finland in the Tornio River Valley. We will approach narrativization as a creative social action, focusing on the performative, social and political aspects of regional stories, and by th…
Geopolitics of mobile masses: Refugee and tourist metaphors in Finnish-Russian bordertown media
This paper examines the discourses on mobile others as objects of massification or likened to natural forces. By creating a dialogue between theories of crowds/masses and popular geopolitics, we examine how a local media frames the actual, imagined and absent border crossings of refugees and tourists when a voluminous mobile group disappears in tandem with an emerging unease about a new mobile group. We focus on the freesheet Imatralainen, publis…
Technologies of Border Management: Performances and Calculation of Finnish/Schengen Border Security
This paper focuses on the Finnish Border Guard, a professional law enforcement authority responsible for the control and surveillance of the Finnish and Schengen borders, and its performances of border security. Performativity approach means that the analysis of the material, consisting of the bulletins and reports that have been published by the Border Guard service, is not merely focused on the representation of borders but the bulletins themse…
Performance of regional identity in the implementation of European cross-border initiatives
The European Union’s cross-border cooperation policy is regarded as a key instrument through which to promote regional cohesion, competitiveness and identity. This paper studies performances of regional identity within the framework of the EU’s INTERREG North cooperation, and especially in the Finnish/Swedish border area. The performativity approach shifts the focus from the question of whether regional identities are fixed or hybrid, and thick o…
Heritage as Bordering: Heritage Making, Ontological Struggles and the Politics of Memory in the Croatian and Finnish Borderlands
Many borderlands have violent histories and therefore are focal sites for studying national war heritage and selective memory politics. The starting point of this paper is that when heritage becomes the institutionalized memory of a nation it simultaneously produces bordering and re-bordering effects in time and place. In heritage making some events and lives are understood to be worth commemorating simultaneously silencing the experiences of oth…
Cross-Border Regionalization, the Interreg III a Initiative, and Local Cooperation at the Finnish-Swedish Border
Whereas most studies to date have viewed cross-border regionalization and cooperation from 'top-down' regional and institutional perspectives, and within the context of urban regions, I am concerned with the implementation of cross-border initiatives in the rural Finnish-Swedish border area. The focus is firstly on the implementation of cross-border projects in the European Union's INTERREG III A North programme (2000-06), and secondly on grassro…
New geopolitics and the Finnish-Russian border as a marker of territoriality
Geopolitics of Border Securitization: Sovereignty, Nationalism and Solidarity in Asylum Reception in Finland
The paper examines the recent security interventions at the northern Finnish-Swedish border crossing point in the town of Tornio, the particular focus being on the 2015 migration influx in which Finland received a tenfold increase in asylum applications compared with the previous years (~3000 → 32 476 asylum applicants). The resultant securitization of the Finnish-Swedish border and the organization of asylum reception practices, in which nongove…
Making labour mobile: Borders, precarity, and the competitive state in Finnish migration politics
Borders and resilience: Asylum seeker reception at the securitized Finnish-Swedish border
The past decade has witnessed a shift from “open borders” policies and cross-border cooperation towards heightened border securitization and the building of border walls. In the EU context, since the migration influx of 2015–2016, many Member States have retained the re-instituted Schengen border controls intended to be temporary. Such heightened border securitization has produced high levels of anxiety among various populations and increased soc…
Differential inclusion through education: Reforms and spatial justice in Finnish education policy
The paper studies the changing spatial rationalizations of Finnish education policy with a particular focus on upper secondary education, which has gone through significant reforms in recent decades. The fostering of social and spatial equality has long represented the cornerstone of Finland’s Nordic welfare state education system. The establishment of a widespread network of educational institutions also formed an important means of building soc…
Youth organizations, citizenship, and guidelines for tourism in the wake of mass tourism in Finland
This paper will study tourism as a site of citizenship formation with a particular focus on the arrangements and lived practices of citizenship in the Finnish Youth Organization and in a sub-section of Northern Ostrobothnian Travel Club between 1965 and 1985. From the perspective of the model of citizenship in Finland, modern mass tourism was not unproblematic and it was uniquely incorporated in the program and activities of the Finnish Youth Org…
Cultures of Border Control: Schengen & the Evolution of European Frontiers
Ruben Zaiotti Chicago and London:, The University of Chicago Press, 2011, 263 pp., US$30.00 paperback, (ISBN 978-0-22697787-4), US$90.00 hardback, (ISBN 978-0-22697786-7) Cultures of Border Control
Territorial Dynamics, Cross-border Work and Everyday Life in the Finnish–Swedish Border Area
Borders have become increasingly complex and multifaceted in the contemporary world. In spite of accelerating globalisation, flows of refugees, efforts at lowering the internal borders within the EU and general statements on the disappearance of borders, the state-centric system of territories and their borders still channels, through inclusion and exclusion, the ways in which most human beings recognise national practices and in which their dail…
Border Narratives at Work: Theatrical Smuggling and the Politics of Commemoration
This paper discusses how cultural and artistic work constitutes a powerful means for mediating the collective memory of state borders. The empirical case study concerns the commercialisation of a borderland culture in the form of a ‘Smuggling Opera’ in a cross-border project on the Finnish-Swedish border region where border crossing has been unrestricted for decades. This theatrical performance constructs a particular local narrative which contes…
Unfixing borderland identity: Border performances and narratives in the construction of self
The relationship between state borders and identity has been a popular subject among border scholars. Despite this fact there is still relatively little conceptual and methodological discussion concerning borderland identities. This paper focuses firstly on the recent discussion of borders and identity, and secondly, it examines how narrative approach can contribute to our understanding of borderland identities. This is done by applying the narra…
Regionalization, Tourism Development and Partnership: The European Union's North Calotte Sub-programme of Interreg III A North
This paper examines the implementation and governance of cross-border initiatives in the North Calotte sub-programme of the INTERREG III A North (2000–6), covering Finland, Sweden, Norway and Russia, from the perspective of tourism. Tourism development has played a significant role in this European Union programme and has been contributing to both functional and imaginary regionalization of the North Calotte region. The INTERREG documents emphasi…
Cross-Border Regionalization, the Interreg III a Initiative, and Local Cooperation at the Finnish-Swedish Border
Whereas most studies to date have viewed cross-border regionalization and cooperation from 'top-down' regional and institutional perspectives, and within the context of urban regions, I am concerned with the implementation of cross-border initiatives in the rural Finnish-Swedish border area. The focus is firstly on the implementation of cross-border projects in the European Union's INTERREG III A North programme (2000-06), and secondly on grassro…
Following the plot of Bengt Pohjanen's Meänmaa: Narrativization as a Process of Creating Regional Identity
This paper discusses the artistic and cultural work of one minority author and regional activist, Bengt Pohjanen, and how it constitutes a means for mediating regional identity narratives, constructing Meänmaa, the region straddling the border between Sweden and Finland in the Tornio River Valley. We will approach narrativization as a creative social action, focusing on the performative, social and political aspects of regional stories, and by th…
Performance of regional identity in the implementation of European cross-border initiatives
The European Union’s cross-border cooperation policy is regarded as a key instrument through which to promote regional cohesion, competitiveness and identity. This paper studies performances of regional identity within the framework of the EU’s INTERREG North cooperation, and especially in the Finnish/Swedish border area. The performativity approach shifts the focus from the question of whether regional identities are fixed or hybrid, and thick o…
Cultures of Border Control: Schengen & the Evolution of European Frontiers
Ruben Zaiotti Chicago and London:, The University of Chicago Press, 2011, 263 pp., US$30.00 paperback, (ISBN 978-0-22697787-4), US$90.00 hardback, (ISBN 978-0-22697786-7) Cultures of Border Control
Neoliberalizing Border Management in Finland and Schengen
This paper provides a critical examination of the development of border management in Finland and the Schengen Area, the point of departure being that contemporary performances of border enforcement and security cannot be understood as distinct from the process of neoliberalization. The particular case which is examined is that of the Finnish Border Guard (FBG) service. Border management in Finland provides an interesting case not only because Fi…
Technologies of Border Management: Performances and Calculation of Finnish/Schengen Border Security
This paper focuses on the Finnish Border Guard, a professional law enforcement authority responsible for the control and surveillance of the Finnish and Schengen borders, and its performances of border security. Performativity approach means that the analysis of the material, consisting of the bulletins and reports that have been published by the Border Guard service, is not merely focused on the representation of borders but the bulletins themse…
Border guarding and the politics of the body: An examination of the Finnish Border Guard service
In previous studies, the question of the state control over the bodies of people at border-crossing points has been of great interest, while less attention has been given to the bodies that carry out border surveillance and control. This article introduces a new perspective on the study of the state and gender by examining the imaginations and rationalities of state border guarding and the politics of the body in the Finnish Border Guard (FBG) se…
Making labour mobile: Borders, precarity, and the competitive state in Finnish migration politics
Youth organizations, citizenship, and guidelines for tourism in the wake of mass tourism in Finland
This paper will study tourism as a site of citizenship formation with a particular focus on the arrangements and lived practices of citizenship in the Finnish Youth Organization and in a sub-section of Northern Ostrobothnian Travel Club between 1965 and 1985. From the perspective of the model of citizenship in Finland, modern mass tourism was not unproblematic and it was uniquely incorporated in the program and activities of the Finnish Youth Org…
Borderless Worlds for Whom?: Ethics, Moralities and Mobilities
1. Introduction: borders, ethics, and mobilities Anssi Paasi, Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola, Jarkko Saarinen, and Kaj Zimmerbauer Part I: Borders in a borderless world 2. Borderless worlds and beyond: challenging the state-centric cartographies Anssi Paasi 3. Imagining a borderless world Harald Bauder 4. Borders, distance, politics Paolo Novak Part II: Politics of inclusion and exclusion 5. 'Borderless' Europe and Brexit: young European migrant accounts of…
Borderless Worlds for Whom: Ethics, Moralities and Mobilities
Heritage as Bordering: Heritage Making, Ontological Struggles and the Politics of Memory in the Croatian and Finnish Borderlands
Many borderlands have violent histories and therefore are focal sites for studying national war heritage and selective memory politics. The starting point of this paper is that when heritage becomes the institutionalized memory of a nation it simultaneously produces bordering and re-bordering effects in time and place. In heritage making some events and lives are understood to be worth commemorating simultaneously silencing the experiences of oth…
Trust Building or Vested Interest? Social Capital Processes of Cross‐Border Co‐Operation in the Border Towns of Tornio and Haparanda
During the recent decade, scholars have started to pay more attention to how the local socio‐institutional environment affects the outcome of regional cross‐border co‐operation (CBC) programmes and projects. This paper studies the social capital processes of CBC, particular focus being on how power and trust relations are manifested in project networking and implementation governed by public authorities. The examination focuses on the border town…
Border Cities
Border cities have traditionally been understood to have specific problems because of the proximity of a border and their often peripheral location within a country. They have come to be regarded as “laboratories” where the policy effects of economic integration and cross‐border cooperation can be evaluated. Alongside trade agreements, the question of border securitization has veered onto political agendas. Border cities function as gateways to m…
Geopolitics of Border Securitization: Sovereignty, Nationalism and Solidarity in Asylum Reception in Finland
The paper examines the recent security interventions at the northern Finnish-Swedish border crossing point in the town of Tornio, the particular focus being on the 2015 migration influx in which Finland received a tenfold increase in asylum applications compared with the previous years (~3000 → 32 476 asylum applicants). The resultant securitization of the Finnish-Swedish border and the organization of asylum reception practices, in which nongove…
Borderlands Resilience: Transitions, Adaptation and Resistance at Borders
Differential inclusion through education: Reforms and spatial justice in Finnish education policy
The paper studies the changing spatial rationalizations of Finnish education policy with a particular focus on upper secondary education, which has gone through significant reforms in recent decades. The fostering of social and spatial equality has long represented the cornerstone of Finland’s Nordic welfare state education system. The establishment of a widespread network of educational institutions also formed an important means of building soc…
Borders and resilience: Asylum seeker reception at the securitized Finnish-Swedish border
The past decade has witnessed a shift from “open borders” policies and cross-border cooperation towards heightened border securitization and the building of border walls. In the EU context, since the migration influx of 2015–2016, many Member States have retained the re-instituted Schengen border controls intended to be temporary. Such heightened border securitization has produced high levels of anxiety among various populations and increased soc…
La frontera finlandesa-sueca, las movilidades y la geopolítica de la resiliencia
Este artículo analiza el potencial del concepto de resiliencia para la investigación desde la geopolítica crítica en el contexto de la frontera interna entre Finlandia y Suecia en la Unión Europea. El examen se centra en la geopolítica cotidiana de la resiliencia, manifestada en la política de adaptación/no adaptación a los requisitos estatales, y en dos de los principales eventos fronterizos que han tenido un impacto considerable en las instituc…
New geopolitics and the Finnish-Russian border as a marker of territoriality
Employers, the state and highly skilled migration: An employer-based study on ICT sector companies in Finland
Employer-based migration research has paid little attention to the formation of relationships between the state and employers, and their distinct, yet interconnected, roles in shaping highly skilled migration. This study examines how employers perceive their role in relation to the state’s interwoven promotion and regulation practices, with an emphasis on information and communication technology (ICT) sector companies in Finland. The results indi…
Political science (27 works) · Sociology (21 works) · Cross-Border Cooperation and Integration (16 works) · Law (16 works) · Politics (15 works) · Business (13 works) · Geography (12 works) · Economics (11 works) · Law (10 works) · Migration, Refugees, and Integration (9 works)