Charles L Bosk
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 103024 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Charles L Bosk |
| PRENOMES | Charles L |
| SOBRENOME | Bosk |
| ASSINATURA | BOSK C L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Pennsylvania |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 36 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 882 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 36 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1974 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
The Price of Perfection
In this book proposal, Charles L. Bosk synthesizes 50 years of ethnographic research to consider a key question: Why have decades of patient safety initiatives to reduce preventable deaths and adverse safety events failed to make traction on either one? With his incomparable wit and dry humor, Bosk takes us through the changes to the medical system that accompany his own evolution from a doctoral student to accomplished professional. Bosk's last …
Surgical Patient Safety Officers in the United States
A largely uncoordinated patient safety movement arose in response to the Institute of Medicine's 1999 report on patient safety, To Err Is Human. Two key outcomes have resulted from that movement: (a) new guidelines that enlarge requirements for documenting compliance with patient safety data and (b) a new obligation for health care organizations to create a 'safety culture' based on the 'science' of safety. The organizational title patient safety…
Plus ça change
Rereading Renée C. Fox's “A Sociological Perspective on Organ Transplantation and Hemodialysis,” published in 1970, one is likely to be struck more by continuity than by change. The most pressing of the social, policy, and ethical concerns that Fox raised remain problematic fifty years later. We still struggle with scientific and clinical uncertainty, with the boundary between experimentation and therapy, and with the cost of organ replacement th…
Medical Sociology as a Vocation
This article extends Weber's discussion of science as a vocation by applying it to medical sociology. Having used qualitative methods for nearly 40 years to interpret problems of meaning as they arise in the context of health care, I describe how ethnography, in particular, and qualitative inquiry, more generally, may be used as a tool for understanding fundamental questions close to the heart but far from the mind of medical sociology. Such ques…
Bullying is a systems problem
Remaking surgical socialization
Training for Efficiency
Medical residency is a period of intense socialization with a heavy workload. Previous sociological studies have identified efficiency as a practical skill necessary for success. However, many contextual features of the training environment have undergone dramatic change since these studies were conducted. What are the consequences of these changes for the socialization of residents to time management and the development of a professional identit…
Forbidden Knowledge
Sociologists, philosophers, and historians of science tend to focus their attention on the production of knowledge. More recently, scholars have begun to investigate more fully the structures and processes that impede the production of knowledge. This article draws on interviews conducted with 41 academic researchers to present a phenomenological examination of “forbidden knowledge”—a phrase that refers to knowledge considered too sensitive, dang…
Why is UK medicine no longer a self-regulating profession? The role of scandals involving "bad apple" doctors
Bioethics, Raw and Cooked
This article explains the emergence, growth, and institutional anchoring of bioethics in both policy and clinical arenas. Under the heading of principlism, bioethics developed a public language for resolving disputes that allowed it to transform disputes involving sacred matters into profane work routines. At the same time, having principlism as a common language for solving practical disputes allowed 'ethics work' in health care to be separated …
Either way the political culture loses
The New Bureaucracies of Virtue or When Form Fails to Follow Function
As the prospective review of research protocols has expanded to include ethnography, researchers have responded with a mixture of bewilderment, irritation, and formal complaint. These responses typically center on how poorly a process modeled on the randomized clinical trial fits the realities of the more dynamic, evolving methods that are used to conduct ethnographic research. However warranted these complaints are, those voicing them have not a…
Social science and bioethics
It is no surprise that bioethics and sociology developed an adversarial relationship: bioethicists value the clear descriptions of ethically charged situations provided by social scientists, but doubt the ability of those trained in social science to logically derive and discern 'the good'. For their part, social scientists - experts in observing and collecting data about the way the world is- find bioethicists ignorant of the ways elegantly craf…
The Bioethics of Business
Raymond G. de Vries, Charles L. Bosk, The Bioethics of Business: Rethinking the Relationship between Bioethics Consultants and Corporate Clients, The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 34, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 2004), pp. 28-32
The Ethnographer and the IRB
Bureaucracies of Mass Deception
Ethnographers have long been unhappy with the review of their research proposals by institutional review boards (IRBs). In this article, we offer a sociological view of the problems associated with prospective IRB review of ethnographic research. Compared with researchers in other fields, social scientists have been less willing to accommodate themselves to IRB oversight; we identify the reasons for this reluctance, and in an effort to promote su…
Forgive and Remember
Obtaining Voluntary Consent for Research in Desperately Ill Patients
Voluntary informed consent is a hard problem—one that inheres in the domain of research. The standard definition requires four criteria for consent to be morally valid: disclosure, understanding, voluntariness, and competence. These standards apply across the continuum of activities that comprise research. This paper concentrates on consent for the desperately sick, for whom enrollment in a research trial represents the last best hope of rescue. …
Understanding Harm
The limits of suffering
This study explores critical care nurses' beliefs, motivations, and experiences regarding end of life care. We performed a content analysis of the text comments provided by 468 U.S. critical care nurses in response to an anonymous mail survey about euthanasia. These comments reveal that these U.S. critical care nurses' feelings about issues surrounding the end of life are extremely complex. Eight themes emerged from 37 coded concepts, and the med…
Medical Journals
Deciding Who Lives
Genetic Counseling as Work
book review of ALL GOD'S MISTAKES: GENETIC COUNSELING IN A PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL by Charles L. Bosk
Is Bioethics Irrelevant
book reviews
Into the Valley
The Rise and Fall of Social Problems
This paper develops a model of the process through which social problems rise and fall. Treating public attention as a scarce resource, the model emphasizes competition and selection in the media and other arenas of public discourse. Linkages among public arenas produce feedback that drives the growth of social problems. Growth is constrained by the finite "carrying capacities" of public arenas, by competition, and by the need for sustained drama…
Bureaucracies of Mass Deception
Ethnographers have long been unhappy with the review of their research proposals by institutional review boards (IRBs). In this article, we offer a sociological view of the problems associated with prospective IRB review of ethnographic research. Compared with researchers in other fields, social scientists have been less willing to accommodate themselves to IRB oversight; we identify the reasons for this reluctance, and in an effort to promote su…
Why is UK medicine no longer a self-regulating profession? The role of scandals involving "bad apple" doctors
Forbidden Knowledge
Sociologists, philosophers, and historians of science tend to focus their attention on the production of knowledge. More recently, scholars have begun to investigate more fully the structures and processes that impede the production of knowledge. This article draws on interviews conducted with 41 academic researchers to present a phenomenological examination of “forbidden knowledge”—a phrase that refers to knowledge considered too sensitive, dang…
The New Bureaucracies of Virtue or When Form Fails to Follow Function
As the prospective review of research protocols has expanded to include ethnography, researchers have responded with a mixture of bewilderment, irritation, and formal complaint. These responses typically center on how poorly a process modeled on the randomized clinical trial fits the realities of the more dynamic, evolving methods that are used to conduct ethnographic research. However warranted these complaints are, those voicing them have not a…
Remaking surgical socialization
Training for Efficiency
Medical residency is a period of intense socialization with a heavy workload. Previous sociological studies have identified efficiency as a practical skill necessary for success. However, many contextual features of the training environment have undergone dramatic change since these studies were conducted. What are the consequences of these changes for the socialization of residents to time management and the development of a professional identit…
The Ethnographer and the IRB
Social science and bioethics
It is no surprise that bioethics and sociology developed an adversarial relationship: bioethicists value the clear descriptions of ethically charged situations provided by social scientists, but doubt the ability of those trained in social science to logically derive and discern 'the good'. For their part, social scientists - experts in observing and collecting data about the way the world is- find bioethicists ignorant of the ways elegantly craf…
Is Bioethics Irrelevant
book reviews
Surgical Patient Safety Officers in the United States
A largely uncoordinated patient safety movement arose in response to the Institute of Medicine's 1999 report on patient safety, To Err Is Human. Two key outcomes have resulted from that movement: (a) new guidelines that enlarge requirements for documenting compliance with patient safety data and (b) a new obligation for health care organizations to create a 'safety culture' based on the 'science' of safety. The organizational title patient safety…
Medical Sociology as a Vocation
This article extends Weber's discussion of science as a vocation by applying it to medical sociology. Having used qualitative methods for nearly 40 years to interpret problems of meaning as they arise in the context of health care, I describe how ethnography, in particular, and qualitative inquiry, more generally, may be used as a tool for understanding fundamental questions close to the heart but far from the mind of medical sociology. Such ques…
Cybernetic Hasidism
This paper employs a cybernetic model of a religious symbol system to explain the competition among Rabbinists, Hasidim, and Messianists in the Jewish communities of eighteenth-century Poland. Hasidism's ability to attract adherents is explained by the great flexibility of its constitutive belief, 'communion with God'when compared with Rabbinic Torah or the Messianic belief in the 'lifting of sparks.' This flexibility is traced through all levels…
Bullying is a systems problem
The limits of suffering
This study explores critical care nurses' beliefs, motivations, and experiences regarding end of life care. We performed a content analysis of the text comments provided by 468 U.S. critical care nurses in response to an anonymous mail survey about euthanasia. These comments reveal that these U.S. critical care nurses' feelings about issues surrounding the end of life are extremely complex. Eight themes emerged from 37 coded concepts, and the med…
The Routinization of Charisma
Cybernetic Hasidism
This paper employs a cybernetic model of a religious symbol system to explain the competition among Rabbinists, Hasidim, and Messianists in the Jewish communities of eighteenth-century Poland. Hasidism's ability to attract adherents is explained by the great flexibility of its constitutive belief, 'communion with God'when compared with Rabbinic Torah or the Messianic belief in the 'lifting of sparks.' This flexibility is traced through all levels…
Human Subjects in Medical Experimentation
Ethics in the Trenches
The Routinization of Charisma
Forgive and Remember
The Tribal Rites of Specialists in Training
Book reviewed in this article: Becoming Psychiatrists. By Donald Light Men Who Control Women's Health: The Miseducation of Obstetrician-Gynecologists. By Diana Scully
Forgive and Remember
Forgive and Remember is a work about errors in the practice of surgery, written by a sociologist who spent 18 months with the surgical service of a major American teaching hospital
The Fieldworker as Watcher and Witness
A medical sociologist describes his role as an "ethnographer of\nmedical action," drawing principally on his experiences in a study of a group\nof physician genetic counselors in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital and, to\na lesser extent, on a study of how surgical residents learn to handle\nmistakes. Unlike the surgeons, the genetic counselors had invited him to\nobserve them and wanted his help in analyzing how they were managing dilemmas. \nB…
The Rise and Fall of Social Problems
This paper develops a model of the process through which social problems rise and fall. Treating public attention as a scarce resource, the model emphasizes competition and selection in the media and other arenas of public discourse. Linkages among public arenas produce feedback that drives the growth of social problems. Growth is constrained by the finite "carrying capacities" of public arenas, by competition, and by the need for sustained drama…
Whose Bedside is it Anyway
Genetic Counseling as Work
book review of ALL GOD'S MISTAKES: GENETIC COUNSELING IN A PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL by Charles L. Bosk
Is Bioethics Irrelevant
book reviews
Into the Valley
All God's Mistakes
Genetic testing has become so precise that doctors can detect even the most subtle defects in fetuses at almost any time in a pregnancy. But what happens when a woman is told she is carrying a damaged fetus? What advice should be given to those at risk of bearing genetically defective children? How are birth defects explained to parents? In All God's Mistakes Charles Bosk takes readers inside the hospitals and laboratories where these dilemmas ar…
Deciding Who Lives
Medical Journals
The limits of suffering
This study explores critical care nurses' beliefs, motivations, and experiences regarding end of life care. We performed a content analysis of the text comments provided by 468 U.S. critical care nurses in response to an anonymous mail survey about euthanasia. These comments reveal that these U.S. critical care nurses' feelings about issues surrounding the end of life are extremely complex. Eight themes emerged from 37 coded concepts, and the med…
Understanding Harm
Obtaining Voluntary Consent for Research in Desperately Ill Patients
Voluntary informed consent is a hard problem—one that inheres in the domain of research. The standard definition requires four criteria for consent to be morally valid: disclosure, understanding, voluntariness, and competence. These standards apply across the continuum of activities that comprise research. This paper concentrates on consent for the desperately sick, for whom enrollment in a research trial represents the last best hope of rescue. …
Forgive and Remember
The Bioethics of Business
Raymond G. de Vries, Charles L. Bosk, The Bioethics of Business: Rethinking the Relationship between Bioethics Consultants and Corporate Clients, The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 34, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 2004), pp. 28-32
The Ethnographer and the IRB
Bureaucracies of Mass Deception
Ethnographers have long been unhappy with the review of their research proposals by institutional review boards (IRBs). In this article, we offer a sociological view of the problems associated with prospective IRB review of ethnographic research. Compared with researchers in other fields, social scientists have been less willing to accommodate themselves to IRB oversight; we identify the reasons for this reluctance, and in an effort to promote su…
Social science and bioethics
It is no surprise that bioethics and sociology developed an adversarial relationship: bioethicists value the clear descriptions of ethically charged situations provided by social scientists, but doubt the ability of those trained in social science to logically derive and discern 'the good'. For their part, social scientists - experts in observing and collecting data about the way the world is- find bioethicists ignorant of the ways elegantly craf…
Either way the political culture loses
Psychology (22 obras) · Sociology (21 obras) · Political science (20 obras) · Law (16 obras) · Medicine (14 obras) · Ethics in medical practice (11 obras) · Law (8 obras) · Social Psychology (8 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Epistemology (6 obras)