Margaret J Penning
Biographic Data
| ID | 103754 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Margaret J Penning |
| GIVEN NAMES | Margaret J |
| FAMILY NAME | Penning |
| SIGNATURE | PENNING M J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Victoria |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7919-7077 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 202 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Health and Union Dissolution in Middle and Later Life
Objective This research note assessed the relationship between health status and union dissolution in middle and later life in the Canadian context. Methods Data were drawn from four waves (2014–2020) of the Canadian Longitudinal and International Study of Adults aged 45 and older. Logistic regression analyses examined the effects of stability and changes in self-rated health (SRH) and psychological distress on subsequent marital and cohabiting u…
Childlessness and social and emotional loneliness in middle and later life
Despite theoretical accounts asserting the importance of children for the wellbeing of individuals as they age, research evidence suggests that children may be inconsequential when it comes to loneliness. Yet, there is reason to expect some subgroups may be more vulnerable to the impact of childlessness than others and this may also differ depending on the type of loneliness being assessed. This paper addresses the relationship between childlessn…
Care-giver wellbeing
The three-way intersection of gender, relationship-to-care-recipient and care-giving demands has not, to our knowledge, been examined in relation to the wellbeing of family care-givers. We explore inequalities in depressive symptoms and life satisfaction, comparing wives, husbands, daughters and sons providing very-intensive care (36+ hours/week) with those providing less care and disparities between these groups in the factors related to disadva…
Mental Health Benefits and Detriments of Caregiving Demands
This research shows that acts of caregiving may not themselves be detrimental. Instead, the degree and way in which caregiving relates to mental health may vary by both the extent of the demands of the caregiving role and familial relationships in which caregivers are embedded
Internal Migration and the Health of Middle-Aged and Older Persons in China
This study investigates associations between internal migration and health among middle-aged and older adults in China, including variations associated with type of migration (rural-to-urban, urban-to-rural, rural-to-rural, urban-to-urban). Data were drawn from China’s Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011, 2013, 2015). Lagged panel and fixed-effect regression models address associations between migration and health outcomes (self-rated …
Psychological Well-Being Among Informal Caregivers in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Both the caregiving stress and caregiving rewards perspectives are applicable to the caregiving experience, with the stress perspective more applicable to in-home caregivers and the rewards perspective more relevant to nonresidential caregivers. Recommendations include targeted practice focused on the location of care as well as the gender of the caregiver. Given that nonresidential caregivers actually benefit from providing care, interventions n…
Social Determinants of Racial Disparities in Cognitive Functioning in Later Life in Canada
Objective: The objectives of this study were (a) to assess the nature and extent of racial disparities in cognitive functioning among older adults in Canada, and (b) to assess the role of socioeconomic factors and patterned health behaviors as social determinants of racial disparities in cognitive functioning. Method: Data were drawn from the 2009-2010 Canadian Community Health Survey. The study sample included 20,646 people aged 60 years or olde…
Children and the Mental Health of Older Adults in China
Caregiving and Union Instability in Middle and Later Life
Objective:This study addressed the implications of informal caregiving for subsequent union instability in middle and later life, focusing on associations between gender and union type (marital, cohabiting) and the risk of separation or divorce within heterosexual unions.Background:Although caregiving is widely reported to be stressful and to have negative implications for the health and well-being of individual caregivers, its implications for u…
The Determinants of Informal, Formal, and Mixed In-Home Care in the Canadian Context
Objective: This study employed the behavioral model of service utilization to assess the impact of social support and other predisposing, enabling, and health need factors on the receipt of informal, formal, and/or combination of both types of in-home care. Method: The study utilized data from the 2008-2009 Canadian Community Health Survey and focused on individuals aged 45 and older with one or more functional limitations ( N = 5,898). Results: …
Long-Term Care Service Trajectories and Their Predictors for Persons Living With Dementia
Reliance on HC and RC by persons with dementia raises critical questions about ensuring that an adequate range of services is available in local communities to support aging in place and to ensure appropriate timing for entry into institutions
From home to ‘home’
Long-term Care Trajectories in Canadian Context
Our findings support the utility of a structural LCP for understanding LTC trajectories in later life. In doing so, they also reveal avenues for enhancing equitable access to care and the need for options that would increase continuity and minimize unnecessary, untimely, or undesirable transitions
Caregiver Stress and Mental Health
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This study compared the stress and mental health implications of caregiving to a spouse, children, siblings, other family members, friends, and others among middle-aged and older male and female caregivers. DESIGN AND METHODS: Multivariate regression analyses were conducted using 2007 Canadian General Social Survey data collected on a subsample of caregivers aged 45 and older. RESULTS: Our analyses revealed that for women, c…
Relocation and Social Support Among Older Adults in Rural China
Relocation has negative implications for the number of social support resources perceived to be available by older adults in rural China. China will need to come to terms with how to provide for the instrumental support needs of an aging society
Immigration and loneliness in later life
Although the loneliness of both older adults and immigrants is frequently asserted, knowledge regarding the implications of immigration for loneliness in later life is limited. In particular, little attention has been directed to the impact of factors that might differentiate individuals within the immigrant population. Using data from the 2007 General Social Survey (GSS-21) conducted by Statistics Canada, this study examined the effects of immig…
Measuring Loneliness Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Intermarriage and Social Support Among Canadians in Middle and Later Life
Despite widespread attention to population aging and contemporary increases in racial intermarriage, little is known regarding their joint implications for social support in middle and later life. Drawing on data from the 2007 General Social Survey conducted by Statistics Canada on intermarried and endogamously married adults age 45 and over (N = 13,238), this study examined the effects of intermarriage on instrumental and emotional support. The …
The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Les Canadiens vivent plus longtemps et les personnes plus âgées composent une part croissante de la population (14% en 2006, projeté d’atteindre 20% d’ici 2021). L’Étude longitudinale canadienne sur le vieillissement (ÉLCV) est une étude longitudinale nationale portant sur le développement adulte et le vieillissement qui recrutera 50 000 Canadien(ne)s âgé(e)s de 45 à 85 ans et qui les suivra pendant au moins 20 ans. Tous les participants fourniro…
Home-care utilization within the year of death
Healthcare policy reforms enacted through the 1990s explicitly endorsed expanded community care and enhanced equitable access to care. We examine end-of-life home-care service utilization during this time period. We are interested in trends in and predictors of utilization influencing receipt of service or total service use. This is a population-based, retrospective study of home-care utilization by adults 50 years of age and older in British Col…
Gender and Remission of Mental Illness
In the absence of cancer registry data, is it sensible to assess incidence using hospital separation records
Claims and registry databases overlap with an appreciable proportion of the same individuals. First hospital separation may be considered a proxy for incidence with reference to colorectal cancer since 1995. However, to examine equity across cancer health services utilisation, it is optimal to have access to both hospital and registry files
Immigrant Status and Unmet Health Care Needs
In Sickness and in Health
Using data from the 1994-95 (Canadian) National Population Health Survey (6,494 women, 5,368 men), we investigated the impact of cohabitation on a range of physical and mental health indicators, controlling for self-selection into cohabitation and other relevant factors. Uncontrolled results indicate that the physical and mental health of cohabitors tends to fall between that of the married and the divorced/separated, widowed, and single/never ma…
Examining Distance Effects on Hospitalizations Using GIS
We examine travel distance and its effect on total and on avoidable hospitalizations, using data from three health regions in British Columbia, Canada. We conceptualize distance to hospital in geographic and socioeconomic contexts from the care seeker's perspective, and develop a GIS procedure to generate variables for these contexts. The procedure includes geocoding hospital locations and patient locations to determine travel distance for each h…
In Sickness and in Health
Using data from the 1994-95 (Canadian) National Population Health Survey (6,494 women, 5,368 men), we investigated the impact of cohabitation on a range of physical and mental health indicators, controlling for self-selection into cohabitation and other relevant factors. Uncontrolled results indicate that the physical and mental health of cohabitors tends to fall between that of the married and the divorced/separated, widowed, and single/never ma…
Immigrant Status and Unmet Health Care Needs
Immigration and loneliness in later life
Although the loneliness of both older adults and immigrants is frequently asserted, knowledge regarding the implications of immigration for loneliness in later life is limited. In particular, little attention has been directed to the impact of factors that might differentiate individuals within the immigrant population. Using data from the 2007 General Social Survey (GSS-21) conducted by Statistics Canada, this study examined the effects of immig…
Health, Social Support, and the Utilization of Health Services among Older Adults
This study examined the role of social support in relation to health status and health service utilization. The analyses draw on data from interviews with a stratified random sample of 1,284 noninstitutionalized adults aged 60 and over living in the province of Manitoba, Canada. The findings reveal differences depending upon the type of support (instrumental, emotional) and type of service (medical, hospital, home care) involved. Significant inte…
Measuring Loneliness Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Marital Instability After Midlife
Divorce in later life has been shown to produce dramatic declines in the economic, psychological, and physical well-being of marital partners. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of marital disruption after midlife using Becker's theory of marital instability. Using recent Canadian national data, the marital outcomes of women and men who were married as of age 40 are tracked across the remaining years of the marriage. Cox proporti…
Bridging Policy and Research in Eldercare
Norah C. Keating, Janet E. Fast, Ingrid A. Connidis, Margaret Penning, Janice Keefe, Bridging Policy and Research in Eldercare, Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 23, Special Joint Issue: Aging / Vieillissement (Spring, 1997), pp. 22-41
Examining Distance Effects on Hospitalizations Using GIS
We examine travel distance and its effect on total and on avoidable hospitalizations, using data from three health regions in British Columbia, Canada. We conceptualize distance to hospital in geographic and socioeconomic contexts from the care seeker's perspective, and develop a GIS procedure to generate variables for these contexts. The procedure includes geocoding hospital locations and patient locations to determine travel distance for each h…
Childlessness and social and emotional loneliness in middle and later life
Despite theoretical accounts asserting the importance of children for the wellbeing of individuals as they age, research evidence suggests that children may be inconsequential when it comes to loneliness. Yet, there is reason to expect some subgroups may be more vulnerable to the impact of childlessness than others and this may also differ depending on the type of loneliness being assessed. This paper addresses the relationship between childlessn…
Psychological Well-Being Among Informal Caregivers in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Both the caregiving stress and caregiving rewards perspectives are applicable to the caregiving experience, with the stress perspective more applicable to in-home caregivers and the rewards perspective more relevant to nonresidential caregivers. Recommendations include targeted practice focused on the location of care as well as the gender of the caregiver. Given that nonresidential caregivers actually benefit from providing care, interventions n…
From home to ‘home’
In the Middle
Little support is found for either a role strain or role enhancement hypothesis. Inconsistencies in the findings point to a need to go beyond simplified expectations of either role strain or role enhancement and examine the meanings assigned to particular roles and the contexts within which they are enacted
Children and the Mental Health of Older Adults in China
Caregiving and Union Instability in Middle and Later Life
Objective:This study addressed the implications of informal caregiving for subsequent union instability in middle and later life, focusing on associations between gender and union type (marital, cohabiting) and the risk of separation or divorce within heterosexual unions.Background:Although caregiving is widely reported to be stressful and to have negative implications for the health and well-being of individual caregivers, its implications for u…
Long-term Care Trajectories in Canadian Context
Our findings support the utility of a structural LCP for understanding LTC trajectories in later life. In doing so, they also reveal avenues for enhancing equitable access to care and the need for options that would increase continuity and minimize unnecessary, untimely, or undesirable transitions
Relocation and Social Support Among Older Adults in Rural China
Relocation has negative implications for the number of social support resources perceived to be available by older adults in rural China. China will need to come to terms with how to provide for the instrumental support needs of an aging society
Home-care utilization within the year of death
Healthcare policy reforms enacted through the 1990s explicitly endorsed expanded community care and enhanced equitable access to care. We examine end-of-life home-care service utilization during this time period. We are interested in trends in and predictors of utilization influencing receipt of service or total service use. This is a population-based, retrospective study of home-care utilization by adults 50 years of age and older in British Col…
Self-Care in Relation to Informal and Formal Care
This paper examines the prevalence, inter-relationships and correlates of various forms of self, informal and formal care. Analyses of data drawn from a random sample of 743 non-institutionalised elderly individuals living in Winnipeg, Manitoba reveal similarities as well as differences among the three types of care. Self- and formal care are somewhat similar, being positively related and having similar correlates. Nevertheless, substitutability …
Long-Term Care Service Trajectories and Their Predictors for Persons Living With Dementia
Reliance on HC and RC by persons with dementia raises critical questions about ensuring that an adequate range of services is available in local communities to support aging in place and to ensure appropriate timing for entry into institutions
Cognitive Impairment, Caregiver Burden, and the Utilization of Home Health Services
This study addresses the relationship between caregiver burden and the use of home health services among older adults with cognitive impairment. Analyses draw on data from personal interviews conducted with 327 older adults with cognitive impairment and living in the community of their primary caregivers. Using the Andersen-Newman framework, the results of ordinary least squares and logistic regression analyses reveal that caregiver burden and fo…
Care-giver wellbeing
The three-way intersection of gender, relationship-to-care-recipient and care-giving demands has not, to our knowledge, been examined in relation to the wellbeing of family care-givers. We explore inequalities in depressive symptoms and life satisfaction, comparing wives, husbands, daughters and sons providing very-intensive care (36+ hours/week) with those providing less care and disparities between these groups in the factors related to disadva…
Mental Health Benefits and Detriments of Caregiving Demands
This research shows that acts of caregiving may not themselves be detrimental. Instead, the degree and way in which caregiving relates to mental health may vary by both the extent of the demands of the caregiving role and familial relationships in which caregivers are embedded
The Determinants of Informal, Formal, and Mixed In-Home Care in the Canadian Context
Objective: This study employed the behavioral model of service utilization to assess the impact of social support and other predisposing, enabling, and health need factors on the receipt of informal, formal, and/or combination of both types of in-home care. Method: The study utilized data from the 2008-2009 Canadian Community Health Survey and focused on individuals aged 45 and older with one or more functional limitations ( N = 5,898). Results: …
Behavioural Problems and Distress among Caregivers of People with Dementia
This paper seeks to identify specific problem behaviours related to the distress experienced by informal caregivers of dementia victims. Analyses are conducted using a random sample of caregivers rather than a restricted clinical sample. Distress is measured in terms of both depression and caregiver burden. The findings reveal that specific behaviours on the part of the care receiver are strong correlates of the distress experienced by caregivers…
Ethnicity and informal supports among older adults
Self-Care in Relation to Informal and Formal Care
This paper examines the prevalence, inter-relationships and correlates of various forms of self, informal and formal care. Analyses of data drawn from a random sample of 743 non-institutionalised elderly individuals living in Winnipeg, Manitoba reveal similarities as well as differences among the three types of care. Self- and formal care are somewhat similar, being positively related and having similar correlates. Nevertheless, substitutability …
Cognitive Impairment, Caregiver Burden, and the Utilization of Home Health Services
This study addresses the relationship between caregiver burden and the use of home health services among older adults with cognitive impairment. Analyses draw on data from personal interviews conducted with 327 older adults with cognitive impairment and living in the community of their primary caregivers. Using the Andersen-Newman framework, the results of ordinary least squares and logistic regression analyses reveal that caregiver burden and fo…
Health, Social Support, and the Utilization of Health Services among Older Adults
This study examined the role of social support in relation to health status and health service utilization. The analyses draw on data from interviews with a stratified random sample of 1,284 noninstitutionalized adults aged 60 and over living in the province of Manitoba, Canada. The findings reveal differences depending upon the type of support (instrumental, emotional) and type of service (medical, hospital, home care) involved. Significant inte…
Behavioural Problems and Distress among Caregivers of People with Dementia
This paper seeks to identify specific problem behaviours related to the distress experienced by informal caregivers of dementia victims. Analyses are conducted using a random sample of caregivers rather than a restricted clinical sample. Distress is measured in terms of both depression and caregiver burden. The findings reveal that specific behaviours on the part of the care receiver are strong correlates of the distress experienced by caregivers…
Bridging Policy and Research in Eldercare
Norah C. Keating, Janet E. Fast, Ingrid A. Connidis, Margaret Penning, Janice Keefe, Bridging Policy and Research in Eldercare, Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 23, Special Joint Issue: Aging / Vieillissement (Spring, 1997), pp. 22-41
Marital Instability After Midlife
Divorce in later life has been shown to produce dramatic declines in the economic, psychological, and physical well-being of marital partners. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of marital disruption after midlife using Becker's theory of marital instability. Using recent Canadian national data, the marital outcomes of women and men who were married as of age 40 are tracked across the remaining years of the marriage. Cox proporti…
In the Middle
Little support is found for either a role strain or role enhancement hypothesis. Inconsistencies in the findings point to a need to go beyond simplified expectations of either role strain or role enhancement and examine the meanings assigned to particular roles and the contexts within which they are enacted
Examining Distance Effects on Hospitalizations Using GIS
We examine travel distance and its effect on total and on avoidable hospitalizations, using data from three health regions in British Columbia, Canada. We conceptualize distance to hospital in geographic and socioeconomic contexts from the care seeker's perspective, and develop a GIS procedure to generate variables for these contexts. The procedure includes geocoding hospital locations and patient locations to determine travel distance for each h…
In Sickness and in Health
Using data from the 1994-95 (Canadian) National Population Health Survey (6,494 women, 5,368 men), we investigated the impact of cohabitation on a range of physical and mental health indicators, controlling for self-selection into cohabitation and other relevant factors. Uncontrolled results indicate that the physical and mental health of cohabitors tends to fall between that of the married and the divorced/separated, widowed, and single/never ma…
Immigrant Status and Unmet Health Care Needs
In the absence of cancer registry data, is it sensible to assess incidence using hospital separation records
Claims and registry databases overlap with an appreciable proportion of the same individuals. First hospital separation may be considered a proxy for incidence with reference to colorectal cancer since 1995. However, to examine equity across cancer health services utilisation, it is optimal to have access to both hospital and registry files
The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Les Canadiens vivent plus longtemps et les personnes plus âgées composent une part croissante de la population (14% en 2006, projeté d’atteindre 20% d’ici 2021). L’Étude longitudinale canadienne sur le vieillissement (ÉLCV) est une étude longitudinale nationale portant sur le développement adulte et le vieillissement qui recrutera 50 000 Canadien(ne)s âgé(e)s de 45 à 85 ans et qui les suivra pendant au moins 20 ans. Tous les participants fourniro…
Home-care utilization within the year of death
Healthcare policy reforms enacted through the 1990s explicitly endorsed expanded community care and enhanced equitable access to care. We examine end-of-life home-care service utilization during this time period. We are interested in trends in and predictors of utilization influencing receipt of service or total service use. This is a population-based, retrospective study of home-care utilization by adults 50 years of age and older in British Col…
Gender and Remission of Mental Illness
Intermarriage and Social Support Among Canadians in Middle and Later Life
Despite widespread attention to population aging and contemporary increases in racial intermarriage, little is known regarding their joint implications for social support in middle and later life. Drawing on data from the 2007 General Social Survey conducted by Statistics Canada on intermarried and endogamously married adults age 45 and over (N = 13,238), this study examined the effects of intermarriage on instrumental and emotional support. The …
Measuring Loneliness Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Caregiver Stress and Mental Health
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This study compared the stress and mental health implications of caregiving to a spouse, children, siblings, other family members, friends, and others among middle-aged and older male and female caregivers. DESIGN AND METHODS: Multivariate regression analyses were conducted using 2007 Canadian General Social Survey data collected on a subsample of caregivers aged 45 and older. RESULTS: Our analyses revealed that for women, c…
Relocation and Social Support Among Older Adults in Rural China
Relocation has negative implications for the number of social support resources perceived to be available by older adults in rural China. China will need to come to terms with how to provide for the instrumental support needs of an aging society
Immigration and loneliness in later life
Although the loneliness of both older adults and immigrants is frequently asserted, knowledge regarding the implications of immigration for loneliness in later life is limited. In particular, little attention has been directed to the impact of factors that might differentiate individuals within the immigrant population. Using data from the 2007 General Social Survey (GSS-21) conducted by Statistics Canada, this study examined the effects of immig…
Long-term Care Trajectories in Canadian Context
Our findings support the utility of a structural LCP for understanding LTC trajectories in later life. In doing so, they also reveal avenues for enhancing equitable access to care and the need for options that would increase continuity and minimize unnecessary, untimely, or undesirable transitions
Long-Term Care Service Trajectories and Their Predictors for Persons Living With Dementia
Reliance on HC and RC by persons with dementia raises critical questions about ensuring that an adequate range of services is available in local communities to support aging in place and to ensure appropriate timing for entry into institutions
From home to ‘home’
The Determinants of Informal, Formal, and Mixed In-Home Care in the Canadian Context
Objective: This study employed the behavioral model of service utilization to assess the impact of social support and other predisposing, enabling, and health need factors on the receipt of informal, formal, and/or combination of both types of in-home care. Method: The study utilized data from the 2008-2009 Canadian Community Health Survey and focused on individuals aged 45 and older with one or more functional limitations ( N = 5,898). Results: …
Social Determinants of Racial Disparities in Cognitive Functioning in Later Life in Canada
Objective: The objectives of this study were (a) to assess the nature and extent of racial disparities in cognitive functioning among older adults in Canada, and (b) to assess the role of socioeconomic factors and patterned health behaviors as social determinants of racial disparities in cognitive functioning. Method: Data were drawn from the 2009-2010 Canadian Community Health Survey. The study sample included 20,646 people aged 60 years or olde…
Psychology (27 works) · Medicine (26 works) · Gerontology (19 works) · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving (18 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (17 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Demography (12 works) · Population (12 works) · Geography (11 works) · Psychiatry (11 works)