Jeffrey I Rose
Biographic Data
| ID | 103873 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jeffrey I Rose |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jeffrey I |
| FAMILY NAME | Rose |
| SIGNATURE | ROSE J I |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Algarve |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0006-7064 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 235 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1984 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Anthony E. Marks (1938–2025): Pioneer of the Palaeolithic
Anthony “Tony” Edward Marks passed away on August 15, 2025, at his home in Santa Fe, New Mexico, at the age of 87. Tony’s passing marks the end of a remarkable career in archaeology that spanned nine countries, four continents, and a quarter million years of prehistory. Not only did he fundamentally shape how we understand the Palaeolithic record, but he transformed our very perception of lithic technology, teaching us how to find the profound de…
Lithic Techno-economics and OSL Chronology of the Later Stone Age at Chessungalane, Save River Valley, Mozambique
Nestled between East and Southern Africa, the Stone Age archaeology of Mozambique offers important insights into Later Stone Age (LSA) behavioral variability across a region pivotal to understanding human adaptations. Here, we present results from technological analysis, refitting and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of the newly discovered site of Chessungalane (CHE) in south-central Mozambique. OSL dates indicate occupation spanni…
Lithic Miniaturization and Technological Innovation on the Southern Dispersal Route Out of Africa
Over the past fifteen years, the Dhofar Archaeological Project has mapped 272 Middle Stone Age/Middle Palaeolithic sites in southern Oman, each exhibiting some extent of Nubian Levallois technology. This study describes a representative sample of 15 such assemblages and conducts quantitative analyses to explore variability in core reduction strategies, metric proportions, and post-depositional surface modifications. Lithic taphonomy provides insi…
What can lithics tell us about hominin technology's ‘primordial soup’? An origin of stone knapping via the emulation of Mother Nature
The use of stone hammers to produce sharp stone flakes—knapping—is thought to represent a significant stage in hominin technological evolution because it facilitated the exploitation of novel resources, including meat obtained from medium‐to‐large‐sized vertebrates. The invention of knapping may have occurred via an additive (i.e., cumulative) process that combined several innovative stages. Here, we propose that one of these stages was the homin…
Mapping lateral stratigraphy at Palaeolithic surface sites: A case study from Dhofar, Oman
Open-air accumulations of chipped stone debris are a common feature in arid landscapes, yet despite their prevalence, such archives are often dismissed as uninformative or unreliable. In the canyonlands of Dhofar, southern Oman, lithic surface scatters are nearly ubiquitous, including extensive, multi-component workshops associated with chert outcrops. These sites typically display chronologically diagnostic features that correspond to distinct t…
Examining the distribution of Middle Paleolithic Nubian cores relative to chert quality in southern (Nejd, Dhofar) and south‐central (Duqm, Al Wusta) Oman
Lithic raw material properties are often invoked to explain the presence, absence, form, or ontogeny of Paleolithic stone tools. Here, we explore whether the frequency of the Middle Paleolithic Nubian core form and core‐reduction systems co‐varies with toolstone quality in two neighboring regions in Oman: the southern region of Nejd, Dhofar, and the south‐central region of Duqm, Al Wusta. Specifically, we predicted that if raw material difference…
Standardization of Nubian Levallois Technology in Dhofar, Southern Arabia
The characteristics and distribution of “Nubian" Levallois technology have been prominent in recent discussions of Middle Palaeolithic/Middle Stone Age technological variability and its implications. Here we explore Nubian Levallois technology by focusing on the relative “standardization” of the TH.69 assemblage from western Dhofar, one of the most “Nubian” of all “Nubian” assemblages. Aspects evaluated include the shape of cores and the dorsal s…
Conclusion: Progress Report on the State of Palaeolithic Research in Arabia
Over the past fifteen years, significant progress has been made in understanding the chronology and distribution of Palaeolithic sites throughout the Arabian Peninsula. As new data increase temporal and techno-cultural resolution, interregional studies are now able to compare Arabian Palaeolithic sites with neighboring regions such as the southern Levant and northeastern Africa. Today, we have a far more comprehensive picture of the variability o…
Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in Southern Oman from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Neolithic
Ongoing archaeological investigations in the Dhufār region of southern Oman have mapped some 800 lithic findspots distributed across the Dhufār Mountains, Nejd Plateau, and the southern Rub' al Khali Desert. These include extensive lithic workshops, specialized activity sites, as well as isolated armatures and cores. The array of lithic reduction strategies represents successive stages of technological evolution from the Pleistocene to the Holoce…
An Introduction to Human Prehistory in Arabia: The Lost World of the Southern Crescent
Introduction: The Lost World of the Southern Crescent
The nature of Nubian: Developing current global perspectives on Nubian Levallois technology and the Nubian complex
Year-Old Geometric Microliths Reveal Glacial Refugium in Dhofar, Southern Oman
Woodworking sites from the Late Paleolithic of South Arabia: Functional and technological analysis of burins from Dhofar, Oman
Technological homogeneity within the Arabian Nubian Complex: Comparing chert and quartzite assemblages from central and southern Arabia
Nubian Levallois technology is the defining characteristic of the Middle Paleolithic or Middle Stone Age technocomplex known as the Nubian Complex. Until recently, this technocomplex was found exclusively in northeastern Africa; however, archaeological surveys conducted across the Arabian Peninsula in the last decade have expanded the known distribution of this technological phenomenon. Since 2009, researchers from separate archaeological mission…
Positive selection of lactase persistence among people of Southern Arabia
OBJECTIVE: Frequency patterns of the lactase persistence (LP)-associated -13,915 G allele and archaeological records pointing to substantial role played by southern regions in the peopling and domestication processes that involved the Arabian Peninsula suggest that Southern Arabia plausibly represented the center of diffusion of such adaptive variant. Nevertheless, a well-defined scenario for evolution of Arabian LP is still to be elucidated and …
Archaeological evidence for indigenous human occupation of Southern Arabia at the Pleistocene/ Holocene transition: The case of al-Hatab in Dhofar, Southern Oman
The Neolithic peopling of Arabia is a subject of increasing debate, as different scenarios are proposed to describe the relatively sudden appearance of seemingly homogeneous archaeological sites throughout the south of the Peninsula during the Early Holocene. Such sites are identified by the co-occurrence of a laminar core reduction strategy with its supposed fossile directeur, the “ Fasad point.” This techno-typological package has been used by …
An early MIS 3 pluvial phase in Southeast Arabia: Climatic and archaeological implications
Tabula rasa or refugia? Using genetic data to assess the peopling of Arabia
This paper provides a broad overview of the current state of archaeogenetic research in Arabia. We summarise recent studies of mitochondrial DNA and lactase persistence allele ‐13915*G in order to reconstruct the population histories of modern Arabs. These data, in turn, enable us to assess different scenarios for the peopling of the Peninsula over the course of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. The evidence supports the posited existence …
Nubian Complex reduction strategies in Dhofar, southern Oman
Between 2010 and 2012, the Dhofar Archaeological Project has located and mapped 260 Nubian Complex occurrences across Dhofar, southern Oman. Many of these lithic assemblages are technologically homologous to the Late Nubian Industry found in Africa, while others may represent a local industry derived from classic Nubian Levallois technology. The purpose of this paper is to describe the various reduction strategies encountered at a sample of Nubia…
Pleistocene‐Holocene boundary in Southern Arabia from the perspective of human mtDNA variation
It is now known that several population movements have taken place at different times throughout southern Arabian prehistory. One of the principal questions under debate is if the Early Holocene peopling of southern Arabia was mainly due to input from the Levant during the Pre‐Pottery Neolithic B, to the expansion of an autochthonous population, or some combination of these demographic processes. Since previous genetic studies have not been able …
The “Upper Paleolithic” of South Arabia
The Evolution of Human Populations in Arabia: Paleoenvironments, Prehistory and Genetics
New Light on Human Prehistory in the Arabo-Persian Gulf Oasis
The emerging picture of prehistoric Arabia suggests that early modern humans were able to survive periodic hyperarid oscillations by contracting into environmental refugia around the coastal margins of the peninsula. This paper reviews new paleoenvironmental, archaeological, and genetic evidence from the Arabian Peninsula and southern Iran to explore the possibility of a demographic refugium dubbed the "Gulf Oasis," which is posited to have been …
New Evidence for the Expansion of an Upper Pleistocene Population out of East Africa, from the Site of Station One, Northern Sudan
Evidence for a hunter-gatherer range-expansion is indicated by the site of Station One in the northern Sudan, a surface scatter of chipped stone debris systematically collected almost 40 years ago, though not studied until present. Based on technological and typological correlates in East Africa, the predominant use of quartz pebbles for raw material, and the production of small bifacial tools, the site can be classified as Middle Stone Age. Whil…
Nubian Complex reduction strategies in Dhofar, southern Oman
Between 2010 and 2012, the Dhofar Archaeological Project has located and mapped 260 Nubian Complex occurrences across Dhofar, southern Oman. Many of these lithic assemblages are technologically homologous to the Late Nubian Industry found in Africa, while others may represent a local industry derived from classic Nubian Levallois technology. The purpose of this paper is to describe the various reduction strategies encountered at a sample of Nubia…
New Light on Human Prehistory in the Arabo-Persian Gulf Oasis
The emerging picture of prehistoric Arabia suggests that early modern humans were able to survive periodic hyperarid oscillations by contracting into environmental refugia around the coastal margins of the peninsula. This paper reviews new paleoenvironmental, archaeological, and genetic evidence from the Arabian Peninsula and southern Iran to explore the possibility of a demographic refugium dubbed the "Gulf Oasis," which is posited to have been …
The Question of Upper Pleistocene Connections between East Africa and South Arabia
Recent genetic contributions to the field of palaeoan- thropology suggest that all modern humans are derived from a common ancestral population living in sub-Sa- haran Africa between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago (Cann, Stoneking, and Wilson 1987, Vigilant et al. 1991, Horai et al. 1995, Quintana-Murci et al. 1999, Ingman et al. 2000). This proposition is supported by early Upper Pleistocene human fossils discovered at sites such as Bor- der Cave…
New Evidence for the Expansion of an Upper Pleistocene Population out of East Africa, from the Site of Station One, Northern Sudan
Evidence for a hunter-gatherer range-expansion is indicated by the site of Station One in the northern Sudan, a surface scatter of chipped stone debris systematically collected almost 40 years ago, though not studied until present. Based on technological and typological correlates in East Africa, the predominant use of quartz pebbles for raw material, and the production of small bifacial tools, the site can be classified as Middle Stone Age. Whil…
The nature of Nubian: Developing current global perspectives on Nubian Levallois technology and the Nubian complex
Archaeological evidence for indigenous human occupation of Southern Arabia at the Pleistocene/ Holocene transition: The case of al-Hatab in Dhofar, Southern Oman
The Neolithic peopling of Arabia is a subject of increasing debate, as different scenarios are proposed to describe the relatively sudden appearance of seemingly homogeneous archaeological sites throughout the south of the Peninsula during the Early Holocene. Such sites are identified by the co-occurrence of a laminar core reduction strategy with its supposed fossile directeur, the “ Fasad point.” This techno-typological package has been used by …
Mapping lateral stratigraphy at Palaeolithic surface sites: A case study from Dhofar, Oman
Open-air accumulations of chipped stone debris are a common feature in arid landscapes, yet despite their prevalence, such archives are often dismissed as uninformative or unreliable. In the canyonlands of Dhofar, southern Oman, lithic surface scatters are nearly ubiquitous, including extensive, multi-component workshops associated with chert outcrops. These sites typically display chronologically diagnostic features that correspond to distinct t…
Pleistocene‐Holocene boundary in Southern Arabia from the perspective of human mtDNA variation
It is now known that several population movements have taken place at different times throughout southern Arabian prehistory. One of the principal questions under debate is if the Early Holocene peopling of southern Arabia was mainly due to input from the Levant during the Pre‐Pottery Neolithic B, to the expansion of an autochthonous population, or some combination of these demographic processes. Since previous genetic studies have not been able …
Technological homogeneity within the Arabian Nubian Complex: Comparing chert and quartzite assemblages from central and southern Arabia
Nubian Levallois technology is the defining characteristic of the Middle Paleolithic or Middle Stone Age technocomplex known as the Nubian Complex. Until recently, this technocomplex was found exclusively in northeastern Africa; however, archaeological surveys conducted across the Arabian Peninsula in the last decade have expanded the known distribution of this technological phenomenon. Since 2009, researchers from separate archaeological mission…
Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in Southern Oman from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Neolithic
Ongoing archaeological investigations in the Dhufār region of southern Oman have mapped some 800 lithic findspots distributed across the Dhufār Mountains, Nejd Plateau, and the southern Rub' al Khali Desert. These include extensive lithic workshops, specialized activity sites, as well as isolated armatures and cores. The array of lithic reduction strategies represents successive stages of technological evolution from the Pleistocene to the Holoce…
Woodworking sites from the Late Paleolithic of South Arabia: Functional and technological analysis of burins from Dhofar, Oman
Standardization of Nubian Levallois Technology in Dhofar, Southern Arabia
The characteristics and distribution of “Nubian" Levallois technology have been prominent in recent discussions of Middle Palaeolithic/Middle Stone Age technological variability and its implications. Here we explore Nubian Levallois technology by focusing on the relative “standardization” of the TH.69 assemblage from western Dhofar, one of the most “Nubian” of all “Nubian” assemblages. Aspects evaluated include the shape of cores and the dorsal s…
Examining the distribution of Middle Paleolithic Nubian cores relative to chert quality in southern (Nejd, Dhofar) and south‐central (Duqm, Al Wusta) Oman
Lithic raw material properties are often invoked to explain the presence, absence, form, or ontogeny of Paleolithic stone tools. Here, we explore whether the frequency of the Middle Paleolithic Nubian core form and core‐reduction systems co‐varies with toolstone quality in two neighboring regions in Oman: the southern region of Nejd, Dhofar, and the south‐central region of Duqm, Al Wusta. Specifically, we predicted that if raw material difference…
Lithic Miniaturization and Technological Innovation on the Southern Dispersal Route Out of Africa
Over the past fifteen years, the Dhofar Archaeological Project has mapped 272 Middle Stone Age/Middle Palaeolithic sites in southern Oman, each exhibiting some extent of Nubian Levallois technology. This study describes a representative sample of 15 such assemblages and conducts quantitative analyses to explore variability in core reduction strategies, metric proportions, and post-depositional surface modifications. Lithic taphonomy provides insi…
Tabula rasa or refugia? Using genetic data to assess the peopling of Arabia
This paper provides a broad overview of the current state of archaeogenetic research in Arabia. We summarise recent studies of mitochondrial DNA and lactase persistence allele ‐13915*G in order to reconstruct the population histories of modern Arabs. These data, in turn, enable us to assess different scenarios for the peopling of the Peninsula over the course of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. The evidence supports the posited existence …
Railroad Maps of North America: The First Hundred Years
Railroad Maps of North America: The First Hundred Years
Obituary: Edwin Benroy, A. A. Dipt., F. I. A.A., F.B. Eng., F.R.S.A., F.I.Env. Sc
New Evidence for the Expansion of an Upper Pleistocene Population out of East Africa, from the Site of Station One, Northern Sudan
Evidence for a hunter-gatherer range-expansion is indicated by the site of Station One in the northern Sudan, a surface scatter of chipped stone debris systematically collected almost 40 years ago, though not studied until present. Based on technological and typological correlates in East Africa, the predominant use of quartz pebbles for raw material, and the production of small bifacial tools, the site can be classified as Middle Stone Age. Whil…
The Question of Upper Pleistocene Connections between East Africa and South Arabia
Recent genetic contributions to the field of palaeoan- thropology suggest that all modern humans are derived from a common ancestral population living in sub-Sa- haran Africa between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago (Cann, Stoneking, and Wilson 1987, Vigilant et al. 1991, Horai et al. 1995, Quintana-Murci et al. 1999, Ingman et al. 2000). This proposition is supported by early Upper Pleistocene human fossils discovered at sites such as Bor- der Cave…
The “Upper Paleolithic” of South Arabia
The Evolution of Human Populations in Arabia: Paleoenvironments, Prehistory and Genetics
New Light on Human Prehistory in the Arabo-Persian Gulf Oasis
The emerging picture of prehistoric Arabia suggests that early modern humans were able to survive periodic hyperarid oscillations by contracting into environmental refugia around the coastal margins of the peninsula. This paper reviews new paleoenvironmental, archaeological, and genetic evidence from the Arabian Peninsula and southern Iran to explore the possibility of a demographic refugium dubbed the "Gulf Oasis," which is posited to have been …
Nubian Complex reduction strategies in Dhofar, southern Oman
Between 2010 and 2012, the Dhofar Archaeological Project has located and mapped 260 Nubian Complex occurrences across Dhofar, southern Oman. Many of these lithic assemblages are technologically homologous to the Late Nubian Industry found in Africa, while others may represent a local industry derived from classic Nubian Levallois technology. The purpose of this paper is to describe the various reduction strategies encountered at a sample of Nubia…
Pleistocene‐Holocene boundary in Southern Arabia from the perspective of human mtDNA variation
It is now known that several population movements have taken place at different times throughout southern Arabian prehistory. One of the principal questions under debate is if the Early Holocene peopling of southern Arabia was mainly due to input from the Levant during the Pre‐Pottery Neolithic B, to the expansion of an autochthonous population, or some combination of these demographic processes. Since previous genetic studies have not been able …
An early MIS 3 pluvial phase in Southeast Arabia: Climatic and archaeological implications
Tabula rasa or refugia? Using genetic data to assess the peopling of Arabia
This paper provides a broad overview of the current state of archaeogenetic research in Arabia. We summarise recent studies of mitochondrial DNA and lactase persistence allele ‐13915*G in order to reconstruct the population histories of modern Arabs. These data, in turn, enable us to assess different scenarios for the peopling of the Peninsula over the course of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. The evidence supports the posited existence …
Archaeological evidence for indigenous human occupation of Southern Arabia at the Pleistocene/ Holocene transition: The case of al-Hatab in Dhofar, Southern Oman
The Neolithic peopling of Arabia is a subject of increasing debate, as different scenarios are proposed to describe the relatively sudden appearance of seemingly homogeneous archaeological sites throughout the south of the Peninsula during the Early Holocene. Such sites are identified by the co-occurrence of a laminar core reduction strategy with its supposed fossile directeur, the “ Fasad point.” This techno-typological package has been used by …
Technological homogeneity within the Arabian Nubian Complex: Comparing chert and quartzite assemblages from central and southern Arabia
Nubian Levallois technology is the defining characteristic of the Middle Paleolithic or Middle Stone Age technocomplex known as the Nubian Complex. Until recently, this technocomplex was found exclusively in northeastern Africa; however, archaeological surveys conducted across the Arabian Peninsula in the last decade have expanded the known distribution of this technological phenomenon. Since 2009, researchers from separate archaeological mission…
Positive selection of lactase persistence among people of Southern Arabia
OBJECTIVE: Frequency patterns of the lactase persistence (LP)-associated -13,915 G allele and archaeological records pointing to substantial role played by southern regions in the peopling and domestication processes that involved the Arabian Peninsula suggest that Southern Arabia plausibly represented the center of diffusion of such adaptive variant. Nevertheless, a well-defined scenario for evolution of Arabian LP is still to be elucidated and …
Woodworking sites from the Late Paleolithic of South Arabia: Functional and technological analysis of burins from Dhofar, Oman
Year-Old Geometric Microliths Reveal Glacial Refugium in Dhofar, Southern Oman
An Introduction to Human Prehistory in Arabia: The Lost World of the Southern Crescent
Introduction: The Lost World of the Southern Crescent
The nature of Nubian: Developing current global perspectives on Nubian Levallois technology and the Nubian complex
Standardization of Nubian Levallois Technology in Dhofar, Southern Arabia
The characteristics and distribution of “Nubian" Levallois technology have been prominent in recent discussions of Middle Palaeolithic/Middle Stone Age technological variability and its implications. Here we explore Nubian Levallois technology by focusing on the relative “standardization” of the TH.69 assemblage from western Dhofar, one of the most “Nubian” of all “Nubian” assemblages. Aspects evaluated include the shape of cores and the dorsal s…
Conclusion: Progress Report on the State of Palaeolithic Research in Arabia
Over the past fifteen years, significant progress has been made in understanding the chronology and distribution of Palaeolithic sites throughout the Arabian Peninsula. As new data increase temporal and techno-cultural resolution, interregional studies are now able to compare Arabian Palaeolithic sites with neighboring regions such as the southern Levant and northeastern Africa. Today, we have a far more comprehensive picture of the variability o…
Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in Southern Oman from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Neolithic
Ongoing archaeological investigations in the Dhufār region of southern Oman have mapped some 800 lithic findspots distributed across the Dhufār Mountains, Nejd Plateau, and the southern Rub' al Khali Desert. These include extensive lithic workshops, specialized activity sites, as well as isolated armatures and cores. The array of lithic reduction strategies represents successive stages of technological evolution from the Pleistocene to the Holoce…
Mapping lateral stratigraphy at Palaeolithic surface sites: A case study from Dhofar, Oman
Open-air accumulations of chipped stone debris are a common feature in arid landscapes, yet despite their prevalence, such archives are often dismissed as uninformative or unreliable. In the canyonlands of Dhofar, southern Oman, lithic surface scatters are nearly ubiquitous, including extensive, multi-component workshops associated with chert outcrops. These sites typically display chronologically diagnostic features that correspond to distinct t…
Examining the distribution of Middle Paleolithic Nubian cores relative to chert quality in southern (Nejd, Dhofar) and south‐central (Duqm, Al Wusta) Oman
Lithic raw material properties are often invoked to explain the presence, absence, form, or ontogeny of Paleolithic stone tools. Here, we explore whether the frequency of the Middle Paleolithic Nubian core form and core‐reduction systems co‐varies with toolstone quality in two neighboring regions in Oman: the southern region of Nejd, Dhofar, and the south‐central region of Duqm, Al Wusta. Specifically, we predicted that if raw material difference…
Lithic Miniaturization and Technological Innovation on the Southern Dispersal Route Out of Africa
Over the past fifteen years, the Dhofar Archaeological Project has mapped 272 Middle Stone Age/Middle Palaeolithic sites in southern Oman, each exhibiting some extent of Nubian Levallois technology. This study describes a representative sample of 15 such assemblages and conducts quantitative analyses to explore variability in core reduction strategies, metric proportions, and post-depositional surface modifications. Lithic taphonomy provides insi…
Geography (23 works) · Archaeology (20 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (18 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (16 works) · Geology (14 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (13 works) · Pleistocene (12 works) · Paleontology (11 works) · Peninsula (10 works) · History (7 works)