Lester B Lave
Biographic Data
| ID | 1041525 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Lester B Lave |
| GIVEN NAMES | Lester B |
| FAMILY NAME | Lave |
| SIGNATURE | LAVE L B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Carnegie Mellon University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 47 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Leapfrogging Inequality: Remaking Education to Help Young People Thrive
Exemplary stories of innovation from around the worldIn an age of rising inequality, getting a good education increasingly separates the haves from the have nots. In countries like the United States, getting a good education is one of the most promising routes to upper-middle-class status, even more so than family wealth. Experts predict that by 2030, 825 million children will reach adulthood without basic secondary-level skills, and it will take…
Circus Maximus: The Economic Gamble Behind Hosting the Olympics and the World Cup
Author Andrew Zimbalist looks beyond the headlines of two of the world’s most beloved sporting events: the Olympics and the World Cup. In the expanded and updated edition of his bestselling book,Circus Maximus: The Economic Gamble Behind Hosting the Olympics and the World Cup, Zimbalist tackles the bogus claim that the cities chosen to host these high-profile sporting events experience an economic windfall. He now takes aim at the outrageous FIFA…
Risk-based decision analysis in support of precautionary policies
A decision-analytic model for avoiding a risky activity is presented. The model considers the benefit and cost of avoiding the activity, the probability that the activity is unsafe, and scientific tests or studies that could be conducted to revise the probability that the activity is unsafe. For a single decision maker, thresholds are identified for his or her current subjective probability that the activity is unsafe. These thresholds indicate w…
Clean Recycling of Lead‐Acid Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Reply to Socolow and Thomas
This article is stimulated by the analysis of Socolow and Thomas in the first issue of this journal. Our work showed that a lead‐acid battery‐powered electric vehicle (Ev) would result in more lead being discharged into the environment than a comparable car burning leaded gasoline. Five hundred thousand EVs would lead to a 20% increase in lead use in the United States, and presumably a comparable 20% increase in lead discharges. The Socolow‐Thoma…
Is There a Role for Benefit-Cost Analysis in Environmental, Health, and Safety Regulation?
Benefit-cost analysis can play an important role in legislative and regulatory policy debates on protecting and improving health, safety, and the natural environment. Although formal benefit-cost analysis should not be viewed as either necessary or sufficient for designing sensible public policy, it can provide an exceptionally useful framework for consistently organizing disparate information, and in this way, it can greatly improve the process …
Technology and Politics
Technology and technological change are perhaps the most important forces shaping domestic politics, international relations, the economy, and our individual life styles. Vig describes three abstract views of the role of technology in society. According to the instrumentalism view,â it is the human beings who create and use technology that make it a force for good or evil: technology itself is considered morally neutral.â According to the social …
In Search of Safety: Chemicals and Cancer Risk
John D. Graham, Laura C. Green, and Marc J. Roberts examine the scientific policy conflicts in regulating potentially carcinogenic chemicals. Using detailed case studies of formaldehyde and benzene, they probe the scientific data regarding carcinogenicity and the dose-response relationship, and then describe the history of regulatory action. Both chemicals have precipitated major battles among scientists, have involved at least two regulatory age…
The Risk Professionals
In attempting to revitalize the Environmental Protection Agency after the debacle of the early Reagan administration, William Ruckleshaus called for increasing professionalism of environmental management through the use of risk assessment methods. He stressed science over politics and urged professionalism up to the point of political decisions (which must balance values). In an ideal world, these risk assessors would delimit, analyze, and set ou…
The Greenhouse Effect: What Government Actions Are Needed
The greenhouse effect will bring large climate changes, possibly a hostile environment, and social consequences that will range from business as usual to disaster. At present uncertainty dominates forecasts of both the climate change and derivative ecosystem and social consequences. Policy analysis must proceed in the midst of vast uncertainty, seeking programs that are unlikely to be harmful or costly if the greenhouse consequences are more beni…
Initial effects of the New York State auto safety belt law
New York State began enforcing a mandatory automobile safety belt use law on January 1, 1985. We present a preliminary analysis of its effect on fatalities and injuries. Applying a Poisson statistical model to pre- and post-law belt usage rates together with counts of fatalities and injuries in 12 metropolitan areas, we estimate the first six months' application of the law averted 220 fatal, 1,500 severe, 4,600 moderate, and 2,600 light injuries …
The Scientific Basis of Health and Safety Regulation
Quantitative Risk Assessment in Regulation
The Strategy of Social Regulation: Decision Frameworks for Policy
The Strategy of Social Regulation: Decision Frameworks for Policy
The Scientific Basis of Health and Safety Regulation
Characteristics of individuals who identify a regular source of medical care
Having a source where medical services are regularly received is an antecedent to securing high quality medical care; it facilitates access and indicates that the individual is not alienated from the health care delivery system. In this paper we develop models to characterize individuals, both children and adults, who claim a regular source of care. The models are estimated using a logit analysis (since the dependent variable is 0-1) applied to s…
The Nature of the Energy Crisis
Essay| March 01 1978 The Nature of the Energy Crisis Lester B. Lave Lester B. Lave Professor of Economics, Carnegie-Mellon University Lester B. Lave is head of the Department of Economics with a joint appointment in the School of Urban and Public Affairs of Carnegie-Mellon University and Adjunct Professor in the Graduate School of Public Health of the University of Pittsburgh. He has been a member of the Committee on the Benefits and Costs of Aut…
Highway congestion and congestion tolls
A Proposal for Incentive Reimbursement for Hospitals
In the early 1960's, a number of observers argued that the current method of reimbursing hospitals by third parties would be a factor contributing to increasing hospital costs. In this report, we analyze one method of reimbursing hospitals—we postulate and test a number of hypotheses about the nature of the incentives that are built into the program, and then propose an alternative way of reimbursing hospitals. It is argued that a prospective rei…
Air pollution, climate, and home heating: Their effects on U.S. mortality rates
The aim of this report is to determine whether changes in air pollution have an effect on health. Climate and home heating variables are included to see whether they may be involved. These studies indicate a close association between mortality rates and air pollution and lead to the conclusion that mortality rates could be lowered by abating pollution. Estimates of economic benefits from improved health are discussed
The efficacy of a comprehensive health care project: An empirical analysis
In order to evaluate the effect of better medical care on poor people, the authors of this report examined the effect of a comprehensive medical care program on the behavior of elementary school children from low income families by measuring improvement in school attendance. Improvement was produced, but the effect was small, compared to other variables. These factors are discussed
An analysis of the demand for emergency ambulance service in an urban area
Using data relating to a currently operating public emergency ambulance system, the authors endeavor to estimate the nature of the demand for such service. Despite certain limitations in the data, it has been possible to develop a model that explains variations and accurately predicts the result and type of public emergencies to be handled by the public system in a year
Congestion and urban location
Congestion and Urban Location
Congestion, Tolls, and the Economic Capacity of a Waterway
One externality which has received little attention from economists is that connected with congestion (a recent treatment is Strotz, 1965). An increase in the utilization of a facility can result in longer waiting time or in a less appealing service. For example, an increased number of tows on a water- way can give rise to greater delays at locks; a larger crowd at a beach can lead to a lower satisfaction for each "customer." The former case, whi…
The Risk Professionals
In attempting to revitalize the Environmental Protection Agency after the debacle of the early Reagan administration, William Ruckleshaus called for increasing professionalism of environmental management through the use of risk assessment methods. He stressed science over politics and urged professionalism up to the point of political decisions (which must balance values). In an ideal world, these risk assessors would delimit, analyze, and set ou…
Highway congestion and congestion tolls
Congestion and urban location
The Greenhouse Effect: What Government Actions Are Needed
The greenhouse effect will bring large climate changes, possibly a hostile environment, and social consequences that will range from business as usual to disaster. At present uncertainty dominates forecasts of both the climate change and derivative ecosystem and social consequences. Policy analysis must proceed in the midst of vast uncertainty, seeking programs that are unlikely to be harmful or costly if the greenhouse consequences are more beni…
The Strategy of Social Regulation: Decision Frameworks for Policy
Air pollution, climate, and home heating: Their effects on U.S. mortality rates
The aim of this report is to determine whether changes in air pollution have an effect on health. Climate and home heating variables are included to see whether they may be involved. These studies indicate a close association between mortality rates and air pollution and lead to the conclusion that mortality rates could be lowered by abating pollution. Estimates of economic benefits from improved health are discussed
An analysis of the demand for emergency ambulance service in an urban area
Using data relating to a currently operating public emergency ambulance system, the authors endeavor to estimate the nature of the demand for such service. Despite certain limitations in the data, it has been possible to develop a model that explains variations and accurately predicts the result and type of public emergencies to be handled by the public system in a year
In Search of Safety: Chemicals and Cancer Risk
John D. Graham, Laura C. Green, and Marc J. Roberts examine the scientific policy conflicts in regulating potentially carcinogenic chemicals. Using detailed case studies of formaldehyde and benzene, they probe the scientific data regarding carcinogenicity and the dose-response relationship, and then describe the history of regulatory action. Both chemicals have precipitated major battles among scientists, have involved at least two regulatory age…
The Strategy of Social Regulation: Decision Frameworks for Policy
The efficacy of a comprehensive health care project: An empirical analysis
In order to evaluate the effect of better medical care on poor people, the authors of this report examined the effect of a comprehensive medical care program on the behavior of elementary school children from low income families by measuring improvement in school attendance. Improvement was produced, but the effect was small, compared to other variables. These factors are discussed
Risk orientation as a predictor in the Prisoner's Dilemma
Risk-based decision analysis in support of precautionary policies
A decision-analytic model for avoiding a risky activity is presented. The model considers the benefit and cost of avoiding the activity, the probability that the activity is unsafe, and scientific tests or studies that could be conducted to revise the probability that the activity is unsafe. For a single decision maker, thresholds are identified for his or her current subjective probability that the activity is unsafe. These thresholds indicate w…
Quantitative Risk Assessment in Regulation
Characteristics of individuals who identify a regular source of medical care
Having a source where medical services are regularly received is an antecedent to securing high quality medical care; it facilitates access and indicates that the individual is not alienated from the health care delivery system. In this paper we develop models to characterize individuals, both children and adults, who claim a regular source of care. The models are estimated using a logit analysis (since the dependent variable is 0-1) applied to s…
Transportation Economics; Special Conference 17
Risk orientation as a predictor in the Prisoner's Dilemma
On the Theory and Measurement of Technological Change
Technological Change: Its Conception and Measurement
Journal Article L. B. Lave. Technological Change: Its Conception and Measurement Get access Technological Change: Its Conception and Measurement. By L. B. Lave. (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey and London: Prentice-Hall, 1966. Pp. xx + 228. 56s.) C. S. Leicester C. S. Leicester Department of Applied Economics, Cambridge. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 77, Issue 308, 1 December 19…
Congestion, Tolls, and the Economic Capacity of a Waterway
One externality which has received little attention from economists is that connected with congestion (a recent treatment is Strotz, 1965). An increase in the utilization of a facility can result in longer waiting time or in a less appealing service. For example, an increased number of tows on a water- way can give rise to greater delays at locks; a larger crowd at a beach can lead to a lower satisfaction for each "customer." The former case, whi…
Congestion and urban location
Congestion and Urban Location
An analysis of the demand for emergency ambulance service in an urban area
Using data relating to a currently operating public emergency ambulance system, the authors endeavor to estimate the nature of the demand for such service. Despite certain limitations in the data, it has been possible to develop a model that explains variations and accurately predicts the result and type of public emergencies to be handled by the public system in a year
Air pollution, climate, and home heating: Their effects on U.S. mortality rates
The aim of this report is to determine whether changes in air pollution have an effect on health. Climate and home heating variables are included to see whether they may be involved. These studies indicate a close association between mortality rates and air pollution and lead to the conclusion that mortality rates could be lowered by abating pollution. Estimates of economic benefits from improved health are discussed
The efficacy of a comprehensive health care project: An empirical analysis
In order to evaluate the effect of better medical care on poor people, the authors of this report examined the effect of a comprehensive medical care program on the behavior of elementary school children from low income families by measuring improvement in school attendance. Improvement was produced, but the effect was small, compared to other variables. These factors are discussed
A Proposal for Incentive Reimbursement for Hospitals
In the early 1960's, a number of observers argued that the current method of reimbursing hospitals by third parties would be a factor contributing to increasing hospital costs. In this report, we analyze one method of reimbursing hospitals—we postulate and test a number of hypotheses about the nature of the incentives that are built into the program, and then propose an alternative way of reimbursing hospitals. It is argued that a prospective rei…
Highway congestion and congestion tolls
The Nature of the Energy Crisis
Essay| March 01 1978 The Nature of the Energy Crisis Lester B. Lave Lester B. Lave Professor of Economics, Carnegie-Mellon University Lester B. Lave is head of the Department of Economics with a joint appointment in the School of Urban and Public Affairs of Carnegie-Mellon University and Adjunct Professor in the Graduate School of Public Health of the University of Pittsburgh. He has been a member of the Committee on the Benefits and Costs of Aut…
Characteristics of individuals who identify a regular source of medical care
Having a source where medical services are regularly received is an antecedent to securing high quality medical care; it facilitates access and indicates that the individual is not alienated from the health care delivery system. In this paper we develop models to characterize individuals, both children and adults, who claim a regular source of care. The models are estimated using a logit analysis (since the dependent variable is 0-1) applied to s…
The Strategy of Social Regulation: Decision Frameworks for Policy
The Strategy of Social Regulation: Decision Frameworks for Policy
The Scientific Basis of Health and Safety Regulation
Quantitative Risk Assessment in Regulation
The Scientific Basis of Health and Safety Regulation
Initial effects of the New York State auto safety belt law
New York State began enforcing a mandatory automobile safety belt use law on January 1, 1985. We present a preliminary analysis of its effect on fatalities and injuries. Applying a Poisson statistical model to pre- and post-law belt usage rates together with counts of fatalities and injuries in 12 metropolitan areas, we estimate the first six months' application of the law averted 220 fatal, 1,500 severe, 4,600 moderate, and 2,600 light injuries …
The Greenhouse Effect: What Government Actions Are Needed
The greenhouse effect will bring large climate changes, possibly a hostile environment, and social consequences that will range from business as usual to disaster. At present uncertainty dominates forecasts of both the climate change and derivative ecosystem and social consequences. Policy analysis must proceed in the midst of vast uncertainty, seeking programs that are unlikely to be harmful or costly if the greenhouse consequences are more beni…
Technology and Politics
Technology and technological change are perhaps the most important forces shaping domestic politics, international relations, the economy, and our individual life styles. Vig describes three abstract views of the role of technology in society. According to the instrumentalism view,â it is the human beings who create and use technology that make it a force for good or evil: technology itself is considered morally neutral.â According to the social …
In Search of Safety: Chemicals and Cancer Risk
John D. Graham, Laura C. Green, and Marc J. Roberts examine the scientific policy conflicts in regulating potentially carcinogenic chemicals. Using detailed case studies of formaldehyde and benzene, they probe the scientific data regarding carcinogenicity and the dose-response relationship, and then describe the history of regulatory action. Both chemicals have precipitated major battles among scientists, have involved at least two regulatory age…
The Risk Professionals
In attempting to revitalize the Environmental Protection Agency after the debacle of the early Reagan administration, William Ruckleshaus called for increasing professionalism of environmental management through the use of risk assessment methods. He stressed science over politics and urged professionalism up to the point of political decisions (which must balance values). In an ideal world, these risk assessors would delimit, analyze, and set ou…
Is There a Role for Benefit-Cost Analysis in Environmental, Health, and Safety Regulation?
Benefit-cost analysis can play an important role in legislative and regulatory policy debates on protecting and improving health, safety, and the natural environment. Although formal benefit-cost analysis should not be viewed as either necessary or sufficient for designing sensible public policy, it can provide an exceptionally useful framework for consistently organizing disparate information, and in this way, it can greatly improve the process …
Business (13 works) · Economics (13 works) · Political science (13 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Law (8 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Environmental health (6 works) · Mathematics (5 works) · Public economics (5 works) · Risk analysis (engineering (5 works)