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Ruth Bettina Birn

Biographic Data

ID1068193
NAMERuth Bettina Birn
GIVEN NAMESRuth Bettina
FAMILY NAMEBirn
SIGNATUREBIRN R B
AFFILIATIONSindependent scholar
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS8
TOTAL CITATIONS27
WORKS AS AUTHOR8
WORKS AS EDITOR0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1987
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2017
H-INDEX3
  • How Often Must We Re-Invent the Wheel? Reflections on the Most Efficient Structure of Prosecution Offices in International Courts and Why It is Not Generally Used

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Leiden Journal of International Law•2017•References: 1

    Are historians or other country specialists needed in the investigation and prosecution of crimes under international law? Experiences at international tribunals, from the Nuremberg Trials to the present, offer different answers to this question. This article argues that country specialists are indispensable and demonstrates how, time and again, in international or national settings, practical necessities have led to structural models in which la…

  • "Gesunde Verhältnisse"

    Ruth Bettina Birn, Michael G Esch•ARTICLE•German Studies Review•2001

  • Collaboration with Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Contemporary European History•2001•Cited by: 5

    Little has been written about collaboration with the Nazi occupiers in eastern Europe. Using new material from former Soviet archives, the issue of the security police in Estonia is presented as a case study. The commander of the German security police deliberately set up a structure whereby German and Estonian police officers worked closely together, thereby minimising the need for German personnel. Although the security police dealt with the is…

  • A Nation on Trial

    Stanley Hoffmann, Norman G Finkelstein et al.•ARTICLE•Foreign Affairs•1998•Cited by: 10

  • Ruth Bettina Birn Answers Goldhagen

    Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•German Politics & Society•1998

    In response to my review of his book, Hitler's Willing Executions, Daniel Goldhagen suggests, in the Fall 1997 issue of German Politics and Society (GPS), that I was unduly critical. His failure to address my main criticisms, and his abusive language interspersed with invectives and ad hominem attacks make replying to his article quite complicated. As I consider this style entirely inappropriate in a scholarly debate, I have restricted my respons…

  • Revising the Holocaust

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•The Historical Journal•1997•Cited by: 12

    Hitler's willing executioners. Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust . By Daniel Jonah Goldhagen. London: Little Brown and Company, 1996. Pp. x+622. £20. Questions about the motives of the perpetrators and, by implication, the causes of the Holocaust, have long been in the forefront of academic or non-academic discussions of the Nazi period – from the time of contemporary observers to the present day. A wide range of possible responses to these ques…

  • Austrian Higher Ss and Police Leaders and Their Participation in the Holocaust in the Balkans

    Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Holocaust and Genocide Studies•1992

    The murder of the Jews was perpetrated not only by special units, such as Eichmann's Sonderkommando, but also by locally stationed forces, such as the SS and police apparatus under the HSSPF (Higher SS and Police Leaders). The HSSPF were in charge of all SS and police agencies in their domains, including the Order police, Waffen-SS, and others. All of these participated in perpetrating the murder of the Jews. The actual competence of the HSSPF wa…

  • Die Hoheren SS- und Polizeifuhrer

    Robert Koehl, Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•The American Historical Review•1987

  • Revising the Holocaust

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•The Historical Journal•1997•Cited by: 12

    Hitler's willing executioners. Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust . By Daniel Jonah Goldhagen. London: Little Brown and Company, 1996. Pp. x+622. £20. Questions about the motives of the perpetrators and, by implication, the causes of the Holocaust, have long been in the forefront of academic or non-academic discussions of the Nazi period – from the time of contemporary observers to the present day. A wide range of possible responses to these ques…

  • A Nation on Trial

    Stanley Hoffmann, Norman G Finkelstein et al.•ARTICLE•Foreign Affairs•1998•Cited by: 10

  • Collaboration with Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Contemporary European History•2001•Cited by: 5

    Little has been written about collaboration with the Nazi occupiers in eastern Europe. Using new material from former Soviet archives, the issue of the security police in Estonia is presented as a case study. The commander of the German security police deliberately set up a structure whereby German and Estonian police officers worked closely together, thereby minimising the need for German personnel. Although the security police dealt with the is…

  • Die Hoheren SS- und Polizeifuhrer

    Robert Koehl, Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•The American Historical Review•1987

  • Austrian Higher Ss and Police Leaders and Their Participation in the Holocaust in the Balkans

    Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Holocaust and Genocide Studies•1992

    The murder of the Jews was perpetrated not only by special units, such as Eichmann's Sonderkommando, but also by locally stationed forces, such as the SS and police apparatus under the HSSPF (Higher SS and Police Leaders). The HSSPF were in charge of all SS and police agencies in their domains, including the Order police, Waffen-SS, and others. All of these participated in perpetrating the murder of the Jews. The actual competence of the HSSPF wa…

  • Revising the Holocaust

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•The Historical Journal•1997•Cited by: 12

    Hitler's willing executioners. Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust . By Daniel Jonah Goldhagen. London: Little Brown and Company, 1996. Pp. x+622. £20. Questions about the motives of the perpetrators and, by implication, the causes of the Holocaust, have long been in the forefront of academic or non-academic discussions of the Nazi period – from the time of contemporary observers to the present day. A wide range of possible responses to these ques…

  • A Nation on Trial

    Stanley Hoffmann, Norman G Finkelstein et al.•ARTICLE•Foreign Affairs•1998•Cited by: 10

  • Ruth Bettina Birn Answers Goldhagen

    Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•German Politics & Society•1998

    In response to my review of his book, Hitler's Willing Executions, Daniel Goldhagen suggests, in the Fall 1997 issue of German Politics and Society (GPS), that I was unduly critical. His failure to address my main criticisms, and his abusive language interspersed with invectives and ad hominem attacks make replying to his article quite complicated. As I consider this style entirely inappropriate in a scholarly debate, I have restricted my respons…

  • "Gesunde Verhältnisse"

    Ruth Bettina Birn, Michael G Esch•ARTICLE•German Studies Review•2001

  • Collaboration with Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Contemporary European History•2001•Cited by: 5

    Little has been written about collaboration with the Nazi occupiers in eastern Europe. Using new material from former Soviet archives, the issue of the security police in Estonia is presented as a case study. The commander of the German security police deliberately set up a structure whereby German and Estonian police officers worked closely together, thereby minimising the need for German personnel. Although the security police dealt with the is…

  • How Often Must We Re-Invent the Wheel? Reflections on the Most Efficient Structure of Prosecution Offices in International Courts and Why It is Not Generally Used

    Open Access•Ruth Bettina Birn•ARTICLE•Leiden Journal of International Law•2017•References: 1

    Are historians or other country specialists needed in the investigation and prosecution of crimes under international law? Experiences at international tribunals, from the Nuremberg Trials to the present, offer different answers to this question. This article argues that country specialists are indispensable and demonstrates how, time and again, in international or national settings, practical necessities have led to structural models in which la…

Political science (7 works) · European history and politics (5 works) · German History and Society (4 works) · Law (4 works) · Law (4 works) · Politics (4 works) · German (3 works) · Philosophy (3 works) · Sociology (3 works) · Art (2 works)

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