Rakesh M Bhatt
Biographic Data
| ID | 107318 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Rakesh M Bhatt |
| GIVEN NAMES | Rakesh M |
| FAMILY NAME | Bhatt |
| SIGNATURE | BHATT R M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Tennessee at Knoxville |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2455-3235 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 110 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Multilingualism as an Object of Sociolinguistic Description
In the earlier study "Code-Switching and the Optimal Grammar of Bilingual Language Use" in 2011, we present a unified account of language use in multilingual communities using the key insight of OPTIMIZATION to capture variations between multilingual communities. This paper explores the extensions and implications of our optimality-theoretic model of multilingual grammars. We provide evidence indicating that the vast array of empirical facts of b…
The poetics and politics of Englishes in late modernity
This paper argues that the 'liberation linguistics' perspective that Professor Kachru championed achieved two important aims: (i) it explored the creative manipulation of multilinguals' repertoire in the late-modern contexts of mobility and complexity; and (ii) it brought into focus the sociolinguistic inequalities engendered by a politics of conformity. Braj Kachru's teaching consistently highlighted the heterogeneity and multifunctionality of l…
Differential object marking in Spanish, Hindi, and Romanian as heritage languages
Erosion of differential object marking (DOM)-the overt morphological marking of animate direct objects-has been observed in Spanish heritage speakers who are second-generation immigrants in the United States (Montrul 2004, Montrul & Bowles 2009). We investigated whether DOM is similarly vulnerable in heritage speakers of Hindi and Romanian, two other languages that also exhibit DOM, as well as in first-generation immigrants, adults who are presum…
World Englishes and Language Ideologies
This chapter analyzes language ideologies within the context of world Englishes, focusing mainly on language ideological debates that have shaped the field of the study of world Englishes. These debates highlight the importance of language ideological analysis for a proper understanding of the social stratification of English language variation; to answer, ultimately, the important sociolinguistic question: why does language vary in the ways that…
Erosion of case and agreement in Hindi heritage speakers
Recent research has identified several vulnerable areas in heritage language grammars, among which morphosyntax is among the most affected. In this study, we report on the morphosyntactic competence of Hindi heritage speakers living in the U.S and show that these speakers have representational problems with ergative, accusative and dative case morphology, albeit to different degrees. Hindi is a split ergative language with a complex interaction o…
In other words: Language mixing, identity representations, andthird space1
This paper analyzes the use of Hindi in English newspapers in India to argue that code-switching creates a discursive space - athird space(Bhabha 1994) - where two systems of identity representation converge in response to global-local tensions on the one hand, and dialogically constituted identities, formed through resistance and appropriation, on the other. The results of the analysis of data show that code-switching: (1) reflects a new socio-i…
Structural Minimality, CP and the initial state in second language acquisition
This article considers the current debate on the initial state of second language acquisition (L2) and presents critical empirical evidence from Hindi learners of English as an L2 that supports the claim that the CP (complementizer phase) is initially absent from the grammar of L2 learners. Contrary to the predictions of Full Transfer (Schwartz and Sprouse, 1994; 1996), the data we present suggest that L2 learners start out without a CP and then …
World Englishes
This essay is an overview of the theoretical, methodological, pedagogical, ideological, and power-related issues of world Englishes: varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts. The scholars in this field have critically examined theoretical and methodological frameworks of language use based on western, essentially monolingual and monocultural, frameworks of linguistic science and replaced them with frameworks that are faithful…
Kashmiri: A cognitive-descriptive grammar
Symposium on Constraints on Code‐mixing Guest Editor: Rakesh M. Bhatt Introduction
On the grammar of code-switching
This paper explores an Optimality-Theoretic approach (Prince and Smolensky, 1994) to account for the observed cross-linguistic patterns of code-switching. The proposal is premised on the simple assumption that code-switching strives for well-formedness. I assume that when the embedding constituents are mixed into the matrix language, the syntax operates to optimize well-formedness. I show that optimization of well-formedness in code-switching fol…
The Uprooted, the Indentured, and the Segregated: South African Indian English
Preview this article: The Uprooted, the Indentured, and the Segregated: South African Indian English, Page 1 of 1 /docserver/preview/fulltext/jpcl.10.2.15the-1.gif
Historical Sociolinguistics and World Englishes
Prescriptivism, creativity and world Englishes
Relatively recently, Quirk (1990) discussed non-native varieties of English, such as Indian English and Nigerian English, as 'locally acquired deviations from the standard language' and argued that the standard (British) English is the only pedagogically acceptable model for teaching of English in these non-native contexts. This paper, first critiques some fundamental assumptions of Quirk's (1990) argument by presenting the logic of Indian Englis…
World Englishes
This essay is an overview of the theoretical, methodological, pedagogical, ideological, and power-related issues of world Englishes: varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts. The scholars in this field have critically examined theoretical and methodological frameworks of language use based on western, essentially monolingual and monocultural, frameworks of linguistic science and replaced them with frameworks that are faithful…
In other words: Language mixing, identity representations, andthird space1
This paper analyzes the use of Hindi in English newspapers in India to argue that code-switching creates a discursive space - athird space(Bhabha 1994) - where two systems of identity representation converge in response to global-local tensions on the one hand, and dialogically constituted identities, formed through resistance and appropriation, on the other. The results of the analysis of data show that code-switching: (1) reflects a new socio-i…
Differential object marking in Spanish, Hindi, and Romanian as heritage languages
Erosion of differential object marking (DOM)-the overt morphological marking of animate direct objects-has been observed in Spanish heritage speakers who are second-generation immigrants in the United States (Montrul 2004, Montrul & Bowles 2009). We investigated whether DOM is similarly vulnerable in heritage speakers of Hindi and Romanian, two other languages that also exhibit DOM, as well as in first-generation immigrants, adults who are presum…
Kashmiri: A cognitive-descriptive grammar
Prescriptivism, creativity and world Englishes
Relatively recently, Quirk (1990) discussed non-native varieties of English, such as Indian English and Nigerian English, as 'locally acquired deviations from the standard language' and argued that the standard (British) English is the only pedagogically acceptable model for teaching of English in these non-native contexts. This paper, first critiques some fundamental assumptions of Quirk's (1990) argument by presenting the logic of Indian Englis…
Multilingualism as an Object of Sociolinguistic Description
In the earlier study "Code-Switching and the Optimal Grammar of Bilingual Language Use" in 2011, we present a unified account of language use in multilingual communities using the key insight of OPTIMIZATION to capture variations between multilingual communities. This paper explores the extensions and implications of our optimality-theoretic model of multilingual grammars. We provide evidence indicating that the vast array of empirical facts of b…
Structural Minimality, CP and the initial state in second language acquisition
This article considers the current debate on the initial state of second language acquisition (L2) and presents critical empirical evidence from Hindi learners of English as an L2 that supports the claim that the CP (complementizer phase) is initially absent from the grammar of L2 learners. Contrary to the predictions of Full Transfer (Schwartz and Sprouse, 1994; 1996), the data we present suggest that L2 learners start out without a CP and then …
The Uprooted, the Indentured, and the Segregated: South African Indian English
Preview this article: The Uprooted, the Indentured, and the Segregated: South African Indian English, Page 1 of 1 /docserver/preview/fulltext/jpcl.10.2.15the-1.gif
Historical Sociolinguistics and World Englishes
Prescriptivism, creativity and world Englishes
Relatively recently, Quirk (1990) discussed non-native varieties of English, such as Indian English and Nigerian English, as 'locally acquired deviations from the standard language' and argued that the standard (British) English is the only pedagogically acceptable model for teaching of English in these non-native contexts. This paper, first critiques some fundamental assumptions of Quirk's (1990) argument by presenting the logic of Indian Englis…
Symposium on Constraints on Code‐mixing Guest Editor: Rakesh M. Bhatt Introduction
On the grammar of code-switching
This paper explores an Optimality-Theoretic approach (Prince and Smolensky, 1994) to account for the observed cross-linguistic patterns of code-switching. The proposal is premised on the simple assumption that code-switching strives for well-formedness. I assume that when the embedding constituents are mixed into the matrix language, the syntax operates to optimize well-formedness. I show that optimization of well-formedness in code-switching fol…
Kashmiri: A cognitive-descriptive grammar
World Englishes
This essay is an overview of the theoretical, methodological, pedagogical, ideological, and power-related issues of world Englishes: varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts. The scholars in this field have critically examined theoretical and methodological frameworks of language use based on western, essentially monolingual and monocultural, frameworks of linguistic science and replaced them with frameworks that are faithful…
Structural Minimality, CP and the initial state in second language acquisition
This article considers the current debate on the initial state of second language acquisition (L2) and presents critical empirical evidence from Hindi learners of English as an L2 that supports the claim that the CP (complementizer phase) is initially absent from the grammar of L2 learners. Contrary to the predictions of Full Transfer (Schwartz and Sprouse, 1994; 1996), the data we present suggest that L2 learners start out without a CP and then …
In other words: Language mixing, identity representations, andthird space1
This paper analyzes the use of Hindi in English newspapers in India to argue that code-switching creates a discursive space - athird space(Bhabha 1994) - where two systems of identity representation converge in response to global-local tensions on the one hand, and dialogically constituted identities, formed through resistance and appropriation, on the other. The results of the analysis of data show that code-switching: (1) reflects a new socio-i…
Erosion of case and agreement in Hindi heritage speakers
Recent research has identified several vulnerable areas in heritage language grammars, among which morphosyntax is among the most affected. In this study, we report on the morphosyntactic competence of Hindi heritage speakers living in the U.S and show that these speakers have representational problems with ergative, accusative and dative case morphology, albeit to different degrees. Hindi is a split ergative language with a complex interaction o…
World Englishes and Language Ideologies
This chapter analyzes language ideologies within the context of world Englishes, focusing mainly on language ideological debates that have shaped the field of the study of world Englishes. These debates highlight the importance of language ideological analysis for a proper understanding of the social stratification of English language variation; to answer, ultimately, the important sociolinguistic question: why does language vary in the ways that…
Differential object marking in Spanish, Hindi, and Romanian as heritage languages
Erosion of differential object marking (DOM)-the overt morphological marking of animate direct objects-has been observed in Spanish heritage speakers who are second-generation immigrants in the United States (Montrul 2004, Montrul & Bowles 2009). We investigated whether DOM is similarly vulnerable in heritage speakers of Hindi and Romanian, two other languages that also exhibit DOM, as well as in first-generation immigrants, adults who are presum…
The poetics and politics of Englishes in late modernity
This paper argues that the 'liberation linguistics' perspective that Professor Kachru championed achieved two important aims: (i) it explored the creative manipulation of multilinguals' repertoire in the late-modern contexts of mobility and complexity; and (ii) it brought into focus the sociolinguistic inequalities engendered by a politics of conformity. Braj Kachru's teaching consistently highlighted the heterogeneity and multifunctionality of l…
Multilingualism as an Object of Sociolinguistic Description
In the earlier study "Code-Switching and the Optimal Grammar of Bilingual Language Use" in 2011, we present a unified account of language use in multilingual communities using the key insight of OPTIMIZATION to capture variations between multilingual communities. This paper explores the extensions and implications of our optimality-theoretic model of multilingual grammars. We provide evidence indicating that the vast array of empirical facts of b…
Linguistics (11 works) · Multilingual Education and Policy (11 works) · Philosophy (10 works) · Philosophy (8 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Grammar (5 works) · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies (5 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (5 works) · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning (4 works)