Michael Brauns
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 107712 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Michael Brauns |
| PRENOMES | Michael |
| SOBRENOME | Brauns |
| ASSINATURA | BRAUNS M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4551-6882 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 41 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 589 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 41 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1992 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
Defense Use of Digital Discovery in Criminal Cases
Recent criminal court reforms have required prosecutors to provide defense attorneys with broader and earlier discovery of evidence. For these discovery reforms to fulfill their aims of improved fairness and efficiency, defense attorneys must take advantage of the evidence disclosed by the prosecution. Prior studies suggest, however, that a range of factors, including low pay and high caseloads, impede effective defense representation in general.…
Perceived Task- and Relationship-Oriented Leader Behavior on Followers’ Team-Oriented Attitudes
Showcasing the usefulness of web probing
It is generally taken for granted that comparability in comparative research hinges, among others, on the quality of questionnaire translations. However, what do slight differences in translation mean for respondents’ answers? In this article, we look at a combination of quantitative evidence from split-ballot experiments and qualitative evidence from additional probing questions for three items that were translated according to different transla…
Sammartini, Mysliveček, Haydn
Giovanni Battista Sammartini’s name has been consistently prominent in the discourse on the origins of the concert symphony, whether hailed as a pioneer of the genre or deemed a merely marginal figure in its development. It has hardly been recognized, however, that an anecdote first shared 1809 in Georg August Griesinger’s Biographische Notizen über Joseph Haydn and later in Le Haydine by Giuseppe Carpani – who was most likely the original source…
Exploring the rhenium-osmium isotopic system and metal trace-elements analysis for iron provenance
Leveraging Digital Advertising Platforms for Consumer Research
Digital advertising platforms have emerged as a widely utilized data source in consumer research; yet, the interpretation of such data remains a source of confusion for many researchers. This article aims to address this issue by offering a comprehensive and accessible review of four prominent data collection methods proposed in the marketing literature: 'informal studies,' 'multiple-ad studies without holdout,' 'single-ad studies with holdout,' …
“A land whose stones are iron…”—Iron ore sources in the Southern Levant
Recent discoveries of iron production remains in multiple Iron Age sites throughout the Southern Levant indicate the significance of iron production in the region during this time. However, one main question remains unanswered—that is, provenance: Where were the iron resources located? Were they local or brought from afar? Answering these questions would allow great potential for reconstructing iron-ore procurement strategies and exploitation pra…
Nabataean iron picks for copper mining from Nahal ‘Amram, Israel; Chemical, isotopic and production technology analysis
From Cyprus, or to Cyprus? A pilot study with osmium isotopy and siderophile trace elements to reconstruct the origin of corroded iron billets from the Kyrenia shipwreck
Revealing ancient gold parting with silver and copper isotopes
Gold parting enabled the production of very pure gold for various purposes from the sixth century BC onwards, but analytical proof of this pyrotechnical process is difficult. We describe a new analytical approach for the identification of purified gold combining silver and copper isotopic with trace element analyses. Parting experiments were performed with gold-silver-copper alloys using the classical salt cementation process to investigate poten…
Adapting an Online Prevention Program to the Higher Education Area in Germany
Purpose: Hazardous alcohol consumption among university students represents a prime health risk for this population. Due to a lack of appropriate German-language (online) prevention programs, an existing U.S.-American program was transferred to the German higher education area and then evaluated. Method: For this purpose, both qualitative focus groups and a quantitative evaluation were undertaken. The guided focus groups allowed a further adaptat…
Everyday Europe
This book offers an empirically-based view on Europeans' interconnections in everyday life. It looks at the ways in which EU residents have been getting closer across national frontiers. The book considers how people reconcile their increasing cross-border interconnections and a politically separating Europe of nation states and national interests
Everyday Europe
Using Apples and Oranges to Judge Quality? Selection of Appropriate Cross-National Indicators of Response Quality in Open-Ended Questions
Methodological studies usually gauge response quality in narrative open-ended questions with the proportion of nonresponse, response length, response time, and number of themes mentioned by respondents. However, not all of these indicators may be comparable and appropriate for evaluating open-ended questions in a cross-national context. This study assesses the cross-national appropriateness of these indicators and their potential bias. For the an…
Institutional change and women’s work patterns along the family life course
The ISSP 2015 Work Orientations IV Module
This special issue introduces the 2015 Work Orientations survey of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). This survey is the fourth module on Work Orientations—with previous waves fielded in 1989, 1997, and 2005. In general, the Work Orientations modules include attitudes toward work and private life, as well as respondents’ work organization and working conditions. The special issue includes an introduction summarizing the history and…
Circulation of iron products in the North-Alpine area during the end of the first Iron Age (6th-5th c. BC)
Migrant Sampling Using Facebook Advertisements
Sampling of migrants in cross-national survey research is challenging. Established techniques such as random-route sampling or random-digit-dialing are associated with high monetary costs, in particular when small migrant groups are targeted. The use of onomastic (name based) telephone sampling is a relatively cost-efficient alternative, but it relies on a number of conditions (e.g., existence of telephone directories in the respective countries …
Cognitive Probes in Web Surveys
In this study, we explore to what extent the visual presentation of open-ended probes, in connection with different prior probing exposure, impacts on response quality. We experiment with two text box sizes for a specific immigrant probe ( Which type of immigrants were you thinking of when you answered the question?). On the one hand, we use a standard size equal to the other text box sizes in the survey but oversized for the specific response ta…
Testing the Validity of Gender Ideology Items by Implementing Probing Questions in Web Surveys
This article examines the use of probing techniques in web surveys to identify validity problems of items. Conventional cognitive interviewing is usually based on small sample sizes and thus precludes quantifying the findings in a meaningful way or testing small or special subpopulations characterized by their response behavior. This article investigates probing in web surveys as a supplementary way to look at item validity. Data come from a web …
Mobility in Thuringia or mobile Thuringians
Assessing Cross-National Equivalence of Measures of Xenophobia
When items eliciting attitudes or beliefs toward immigrants are used in cross-national research, equivalence of measurement across countries is a necessary prerequisite. Equivalence requires that respondents in all countries have at least ‘‘comparable’’ groups of immigrants in mind, although this might include different groups in terms of ethnicity, education, or legal status, for instance. The ideal situation that respondents have exactly the sa…
Asking Probing Questions in Web Surveys
Cognitive interviewing is a well-established method for evaluating and improving a questionnaire prior to fielding. However, its present implementation brings with it some challenges, notably in terms of small sample sizes or the possibility of interviewer effects. In this study, the authors test web surveys through nonprobability online panels as a supplemental means to implement cognitive interviewing techniques. The overall goal is to tackle t…
Provenance of Iron Age iron in southern Germany
Work-family conflict in comparative perspective
Welfare Regimes, Family-Supportive Policies, and Women's Employment along the Life-Course
This article examines women's employment patterns during thechild‐rearing period and the consequences of those patterns for earnings later in life, in 12 industralized countries. This study proposes an analytic framework that combines “welfare regime” and gender‐specific policies to explain country differences. The findings presented here suggest that institutional arrangements mediate the costs to women's part‐time and intermittent employment. W…
On the origins of extractive metallurgy
The Separation of Work and the Family
Recent trends indicate substantial changes in the labour-force status of women in Western industrialized societies. Many studies indicate that shifts in sex-role attitudes have apparently accompanied these changes, but research has not focused on the specific conditions under which men and women approve of non-familial roles for women. Moreover, virtually no comparative research exists on this topic. In this paper, data for three Western countrie…
Generational Changes in Gender-Role Attitudes
This paper compares the nature and extent of change in gender-role attitudes in Britain with other nations. We hypothesise that while many of the changes would be similar across nations reflecting, in part, the increased importance of women's labour-force participation, the pace and sources of attitudinal change would be different in the different nations. Comparisons are made over the last decade between Britain, the United States and Germany. U…
Work-family conflict in comparative perspective
Perceived Equity in the Gendered Division of Household Labor
Despite huge imbalances in the division of housework between women and men, previous studies have found perceptions of equity on the part of women to be much more frequent than feelings of injustice. Taking a comparative perspective on the basis of International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2002 data (N = 8,556), we find that, on the individual level, the explanatory frameworks that have been found to influence the actual inequality of household …
Economic necessity or self-actualization? Attitudes toward women's labour-force participation in East and West Germany
The contribution of women's labour-force participation to attitudes about the family is the focus of recent comparative research, but the relationships between gender, work, and attitudes have not yet been compared across national contexts that differ dramatically in economic conditions. Using data from the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) of East and West Germany and the International Social Survey Programme, this paper examines the relatio…
The Division of Household Labor in Germany and Israel
We compare the patterns of household division of labor in Germany and Israel-two countries that share key elements of the corporatist welfare regime but differ in their gender regimes-and evaluate several hypotheses using data from the 2002 International Social Survey Program. Although time constraints and relative resources affect the division of household labor and women's housework in both societies, we find that in Germany the gender order of…
Migrant Sampling Using Facebook Advertisements
Sampling of migrants in cross-national survey research is challenging. Established techniques such as random-route sampling or random-digit-dialing are associated with high monetary costs, in particular when small migrant groups are targeted. The use of onomastic (name based) telephone sampling is a relatively cost-efficient alternative, but it relies on a number of conditions (e.g., existence of telephone directories in the respective countries …
Uninformed citizens and support for free trade
In less developed countries, the higher individuals' labor skills are, the more they support free trade. This recurrent statistical finding is problematic for extant analytical models used to explain and interpret people's positions on free trade. This article proposes an analytical framework that challenges the dominant full-information factor-endowment approach to public opinion on free trade. The dominant approach assumes informed individuals …
Using Egalitarian Items to Measure Men’s and Women’s Family Roles
Isotopic and technological variation in prehistoric Southeast Asian primary copper production
Circulation of iron products in the North-Alpine area during the end of the first Iron Age (6th-5th c. BC)
Assessing Cross-National Equivalence of Measures of Xenophobia
When items eliciting attitudes or beliefs toward immigrants are used in cross-national research, equivalence of measurement across countries is a necessary prerequisite. Equivalence requires that respondents in all countries have at least ‘‘comparable’’ groups of immigrants in mind, although this might include different groups in terms of ethnicity, education, or legal status, for instance. The ideal situation that respondents have exactly the sa…
Provenance of Iron Age iron in southern Germany
Asking Probing Questions in Web Surveys
Cognitive interviewing is a well-established method for evaluating and improving a questionnaire prior to fielding. However, its present implementation brings with it some challenges, notably in terms of small sample sizes or the possibility of interviewer effects. In this study, the authors test web surveys through nonprobability online panels as a supplemental means to implement cognitive interviewing techniques. The overall goal is to tackle t…
Testing the Validity of Gender Ideology Items by Implementing Probing Questions in Web Surveys
This article examines the use of probing techniques in web surveys to identify validity problems of items. Conventional cognitive interviewing is usually based on small sample sizes and thus precludes quantifying the findings in a meaningful way or testing small or special subpopulations characterized by their response behavior. This article investigates probing in web surveys as a supplementary way to look at item validity. Data come from a web …
Leveraging Digital Advertising Platforms for Consumer Research
Digital advertising platforms have emerged as a widely utilized data source in consumer research; yet, the interpretation of such data remains a source of confusion for many researchers. This article aims to address this issue by offering a comprehensive and accessible review of four prominent data collection methods proposed in the marketing literature: 'informal studies,' 'multiple-ad studies without holdout,' 'single-ad studies with holdout,' …
Gender-Role Egalitarianism--Is the Trend Reversal Real
Journal Article Gender-Role Egalitarianism—Is the Trend Reversal Real? Get access Michael Braun, Michael Braun Michael Braun is Senior Consultant at GESIS—Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences and Adjunct Professor at the University of Mannheim. His research interests include the methodology of interculturally comparative research as well as international comparisons in the fields of gender roles and the family, work, and migration. His most …
Cognitive Probes in Web Surveys
In this study, we explore to what extent the visual presentation of open-ended probes, in connection with different prior probing exposure, impacts on response quality. We experiment with two text box sizes for a specific immigrant probe ( Which type of immigrants were you thinking of when you answered the question?). On the one hand, we use a standard size equal to the other text box sizes in the survey but oversized for the specific response ta…
Institutional change and women’s work patterns along the family life course
Revealing ancient gold parting with silver and copper isotopes
Gold parting enabled the production of very pure gold for various purposes from the sixth century BC onwards, but analytical proof of this pyrotechnical process is difficult. We describe a new analytical approach for the identification of purified gold combining silver and copper isotopic with trace element analyses. Parting experiments were performed with gold-silver-copper alloys using the classical salt cementation process to investigate poten…
Using Apples and Oranges to Judge Quality? Selection of Appropriate Cross-National Indicators of Response Quality in Open-Ended Questions
Methodological studies usually gauge response quality in narrative open-ended questions with the proportion of nonresponse, response length, response time, and number of themes mentioned by respondents. However, not all of these indicators may be comparable and appropriate for evaluating open-ended questions in a cross-national context. This study assesses the cross-national appropriateness of these indicators and their potential bias. For the an…
The ISSP 2015 Work Orientations IV Module
This special issue introduces the 2015 Work Orientations survey of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). This survey is the fourth module on Work Orientations—with previous waves fielded in 1989, 1997, and 2005. In general, the Work Orientations modules include attitudes toward work and private life, as well as respondents’ work organization and working conditions. The special issue includes an introduction summarizing the history and…
Nabataean iron picks for copper mining from Nahal ‘Amram, Israel; Chemical, isotopic and production technology analysis
The Separation of Work and the Family
Recent trends indicate substantial changes in the labour-force status of women in Western industrialized societies. Many studies indicate that shifts in sex-role attitudes have apparently accompanied these changes, but research has not focused on the specific conditions under which men and women approve of non-familial roles for women. Moreover, virtually no comparative research exists on this topic. In this paper, data for three Western countrie…
Blickpunkt Gesellschaft 3
Economic necessity or self-actualization? Attitudes toward women's labour-force participation in East and West Germany
The contribution of women's labour-force participation to attitudes about the family is the focus of recent comparative research, but the relationships between gender, work, and attitudes have not yet been compared across national contexts that differ dramatically in economic conditions. Using data from the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) of East and West Germany and the International Social Survey Programme, this paper examines the relatio…
Work values in East and West Germany
On the basis of representative data collected in 1991 as part of the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) Baseline Study in East and West Germany an answer is sought to the question whether East Germans differ from West Germans with respect to work values. Work values are classified into existence, growth and relatedness (ERG) categories and, at the same time, into performance-dependent and performance-independent ones. As from previous studies …
Generational Changes in Gender-Role Attitudes
This paper compares the nature and extent of change in gender-role attitudes in Britain with other nations. We hypothesise that while many of the changes would be similar across nations reflecting, in part, the increased importance of women's labour-force participation, the pace and sources of attitudinal change would be different in the different nations. Comparisons are made over the last decade between Britain, the United States and Germany. U…
Blickpunkt Gesellschaft 4
Welfare Regimes, Family-Supportive Policies, and Women's Employment along the Life-Course
This article examines women's employment patterns during thechild‐rearing period and the consequences of those patterns for earnings later in life, in 12 industralized countries. This study proposes an analytic framework that combines “welfare regime” and gender‐specific policies to explain country differences. The findings presented here suggest that institutional arrangements mediate the costs to women's part‐time and intermittent employment. W…
The Division of Household Labor in Germany and Israel
We compare the patterns of household division of labor in Germany and Israel-two countries that share key elements of the corporatist welfare regime but differ in their gender regimes-and evaluate several hypotheses using data from the 2002 International Social Survey Program. Although time constraints and relative resources affect the division of household labor and women's housework in both societies, we find that in Germany the gender order of…
Using Egalitarian Items to Measure Men’s and Women’s Family Roles
Perceived Equity in the Gendered Division of Household Labor
Despite huge imbalances in the division of housework between women and men, previous studies have found perceptions of equity on the part of women to be much more frequent than feelings of injustice. Taking a comparative perspective on the basis of International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2002 data (N = 8,556), we find that, on the individual level, the explanatory frameworks that have been found to influence the actual inequality of household …
Helium, uranium and thorium analyses of ancient and modern gold objects
Authenticating archaeological gold objects is a major problem, as gold is probably the most difficult material in terms of detecting modern forgeries. In 1996 we published the results of the study of faked and genuine gold crystals from the Santa Elena gold mine in Venezuela, and demonstrated that the U/Th – He dating method is a powerful tool for detecting forgeries among gold objects. U and Th decay by emitting He atoms that remain stored in go…
Gender-Role Egalitarianism--Is the Trend Reversal Real
Journal Article Gender-Role Egalitarianism—Is the Trend Reversal Real? Get access Michael Braun, Michael Braun Michael Braun is Senior Consultant at GESIS—Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences and Adjunct Professor at the University of Mannheim. His research interests include the methodology of interculturally comparative research as well as international comparisons in the fields of gender roles and the family, work, and migration. His most …
On the origins of extractive metallurgy
Uninformed citizens and support for free trade
In less developed countries, the higher individuals' labor skills are, the more they support free trade. This recurrent statistical finding is problematic for extant analytical models used to explain and interpret people's positions on free trade. This article proposes an analytical framework that challenges the dominant full-information factor-endowment approach to public opinion on free trade. The dominant approach assumes informed individuals …
Isotopic and technological variation in prehistoric Southeast Asian primary copper production
Patterns of Social Integration of Western European Migrants
Mobility in Thuringia or mobile Thuringians
Assessing Cross-National Equivalence of Measures of Xenophobia
When items eliciting attitudes or beliefs toward immigrants are used in cross-national research, equivalence of measurement across countries is a necessary prerequisite. Equivalence requires that respondents in all countries have at least ‘‘comparable’’ groups of immigrants in mind, although this might include different groups in terms of ethnicity, education, or legal status, for instance. The ideal situation that respondents have exactly the sa…
Asking Probing Questions in Web Surveys
Cognitive interviewing is a well-established method for evaluating and improving a questionnaire prior to fielding. However, its present implementation brings with it some challenges, notably in terms of small sample sizes or the possibility of interviewer effects. In this study, the authors test web surveys through nonprobability online panels as a supplemental means to implement cognitive interviewing techniques. The overall goal is to tackle t…
Provenance of Iron Age iron in southern Germany
Work-family conflict in comparative perspective
Cognitive Probes in Web Surveys
In this study, we explore to what extent the visual presentation of open-ended probes, in connection with different prior probing exposure, impacts on response quality. We experiment with two text box sizes for a specific immigrant probe ( Which type of immigrants were you thinking of when you answered the question?). On the one hand, we use a standard size equal to the other text box sizes in the survey but oversized for the specific response ta…
Testing the Validity of Gender Ideology Items by Implementing Probing Questions in Web Surveys
This article examines the use of probing techniques in web surveys to identify validity problems of items. Conventional cognitive interviewing is usually based on small sample sizes and thus precludes quantifying the findings in a meaningful way or testing small or special subpopulations characterized by their response behavior. This article investigates probing in web surveys as a supplementary way to look at item validity. Data come from a web …
Migrant Sampling Using Facebook Advertisements
Sampling of migrants in cross-national survey research is challenging. Established techniques such as random-route sampling or random-digit-dialing are associated with high monetary costs, in particular when small migrant groups are targeted. The use of onomastic (name based) telephone sampling is a relatively cost-efficient alternative, but it relies on a number of conditions (e.g., existence of telephone directories in the respective countries …
Circulation of iron products in the North-Alpine area during the end of the first Iron Age (6th-5th c. BC)
Psychology (16 obras) · Political science (15 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Economics (13 obras) · Geography (11 obras) · Geology (10 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (9 obras) · Computer Science (9 obras) · Demographic economics (9 obras) · Geochemistry (8 obras)