Frank A Sloan
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1084140 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Frank A Sloan |
| PRENOMES | Frank A |
| SOBRENOME | Sloan |
| ASSINATURA | SLOAN F A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Duke University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9902-1009 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 62 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 113 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 62 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1970 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Joint Effect of Edentulism and Diabetes on All‐Cause Mortality Risks
DM and edentulism pose an additive risk for mortality in Whites, and there are racial/ethnic differences in edentulism-related mortality
Ten-year impacts of China’s rural health scheme
China has made profound progress in advancing universal health coverage (UHC) over the past two decades. New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) was initiated in 2003 to provide health insurance coverage to rural population. Its benefit packages and cost-sharing mechanism have changed significantly over time. This study aims to assess the impact of changing NCMS policies on NCMS enrollees’ service utilisation, medical financial burden and equity be…
Does Having a Minor Child Affect Criminal Charges and Sanctions Imposed on Female Defendants
This study examined effects of having a minor child(ren) on the probability of being prosecuted, convicted, and if convicted, the sanctions that were imposed. Data were state-wide court and birth records of criminally-charged women in North Carolina, a state with sentencing guidelines. We hypothesized that (a) prosecutors would be less likely to prosecute and more likely to lower an offense class and (b) judges (when they had discretion) would be…
The Impact of Income-Related Medicare Part B Premiums on Labor Supply
The 2003 Medicare Modernization Act introduced income-related premiums on Medicare coverage for professional services (Part B) for the first time. Beginning in 2007, higher-income households were required to pay higher premiums for Part B coverage, which raises the price of Medicare relative to employer-sponsored health insurance for these households. The authors exploit this exogenous change in Medicare policy to examine the impact of Part B pre…
Influenza Pandemic
Objectives. To explore associations between in utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic and hospitalization rates in old age (≥ 70 years) in the United States. Methods. We identified individuals exposed (mild and deadly waves) and unexposed in utero to the 1918 influenza pandemic (a natural experiment) by using birth dates from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old survey. We analyzed differences in hospitalization rates by expo…
Adherence to Guidelines for Screening and Medication Use
Elderly persons newly diagnosed with diabetes who adhered to recommended care experienced reduced risk of mortality and severe macrovascular complications
Factors predicting prosecution of child maltreatment cases
Causes of the Change in the Rates of Mortality and Severe Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the causes of the changes in the rates of mortality and select severe complications of diabetes mellitus, type 2 (T2D) among the elderly between 1992 and 2012. RESEARCH DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study design based on Medicare 5% administrative claims data from 1992 to 2012 was used. Traditional fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries, age 65 and older, diagnosed with T2D and living in the United States between 1992 and …
Intergenerational effects of parental substance-related convictions and adult drug treatment court participation on children’s school performance
This study examined the intergenerational effects of parental conviction of a substance-related charge on children's academic performance and, conditional on a conviction, whether completion of an adult drug treatment court (DTC) program was associated with improved school performance. State administrative data from North Carolina courts, birth records, and school records were linked for 2005-2012. Math and reading end-of-grade test scores and ab…
Longer Term Effects of Total Knee Arthroplasty From a National Longitudinal Study
Improvements in physical functioning of TKA recipients persisted in this longer term analysis of outcome in a nationally representative population study
Heavy drinking in early adulthood and outcomes at mid life
BACKGROUND: Heavy drinking in early adulthood among Blacks, but not Whites, has been found to be associated with more deleterious health outcomes, lower labor market success and lower educational attainment at mid-life. This study analysed psychosocial pathways underlying racial differences in the impact of early heavy alcohol use on occupational and educational attainment at mid-life. METHODS: Outcomes in labor market participation, occupational…
Alcohol Consumption in Early Adulthood and Schooling Completed and Labor Market Outcomes at Midlife by Race and Gender
Objectives. We assessed the relation of alcohol consumption in young adulthood to problem alcohol consumption 10 years later and to educational attainment and labor market outcomes at midlife. We considered whether these relations differ between Blacks and Whites. Methods. We classified individuals on the basis of their drinking frequency patterns with data from the 1982 to 1984 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (respondents aged 19–27 y…
The Longevity Gap Between Black and White Men in the United States at the Beginning and End of the 20th Century
Objectives. We sought to assess whether the disparity in mortality rates between Black and White men decreased from the beginning to the end of the 20th century. Methods. We used Cox proportional hazard models for mortality to estimate differences in longevity between Black and White Civil War veterans from 1900 to 1914 (using data from a pension program) and a later cohort of male participants (using data from the 1992 to 2006 Health and Retirem…
Racial Differences in the Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption in Early Adulthood and Occupational Attainment at Midlife
Objectives. We assessed the relationship between alcohol consumption in young adulthood (ages 18–30 years) and occupational success 15 years later among Blacks and Whites. Methods. We analyzed data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study on employment status and occupational prestige at year 15 from baseline. The primary predictor was weekly alcohol use at baseline, after stratification by race and adjustment for socioecon…
Changes in Functional Status Among Persons Over Age Sixty-Five Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
BACKGROUND: This study assessed changes in physical functional status following receipt of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee in a national sample of persons aged 65+ in the United States relative to a sample of similar OA patients who did not receive TKA. METHODS: Data from the Health Retirement Survey (HRS) and linked Medicare claims from 1994 to 2006 were used to identify persons with diag…
Effects of Diagnosed Dementia on Medicare and Medicaid Program Costs
This study examines the impacts of physician-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) on Medicare and Medicaid program costs in 1994 and 1999. An innovative method is employed to estimate program payments over the life cycle starting at age 65. Using data from the 1994 and 1999 National Long-Term Care Surveys, merged Medicare claims, and national program data for Medicaid, we find that the share of total Medicare and Medicaid pa…
Racial disparities in diabetes a century ago
Disparities Among Older Adults in Measures of Cognitive Function by Race or Ethnicity
This study examined racial or ethnic differences in cognitive function, cross-sectionally and longitudinally, using survey data from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old. A version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), proxy assessments of cognition, and difficulties in performing daily tasks were assessed. Blacks performed below Whites on the TICS at baseline and on proxy assessments of cognition. TICS score decli…
Heavy alcohol use and marital dissolution in the USA
Impacts of the Master Settlement Agreement on the tobacco industry
The experience during the post-MSA period demonstrates that the MSA did no major harm to the companies. Some features of the MSA appear to have increased company value and profitability
The impact of the master settlement agreement on cigarette consumption
In 1998, 46 states and the four major tobacco companies signed the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA), which stipulated that the tobacco companies pay states $206 billion over 25 years and take steps to reduce youth smoking. The remaining states settled separately. We sought to determine the effect of the settlements on demand for cigarettes. Using a nationwide sample from 1990 to 2002, we estimated a model of the decision to smoke cigarettes. The…
Does Higher Hospital Cost Imply Higher Quality of Care
This study investigates whether higher input use per stay in the hospital (treatment intensity) and longer length of stay improve outcomes of care. We allow for endogeneity of intensity and length of stay by estimating a quasi-maximum-likelihood discrete factor model, where the distribution of the unmeasured variable is modeled using a discrete distribution. Data on elderly persons come from several waves of the National Long-Term Care Survey mer…
Antecedents of Hospital Ownership Conversions, Mergers, and Closures
This study assesses the determinants of conversions in hospital ownership from 1986 through 1996. To place such changes in context, we also analyze causes of hospital mergers and closures, which are often alternatives to hospital ownership conversion. A consistent result from our analysis is that an important antecedent of ownership conversions is a low profit margin. Conversions from private nonprofit or government ownership to for-profit status…
Does Assistive Technology Substitute for Personal Assistance Among the Disabled Elderly
Objectives. This study examined whether use of equipment (technological assistance) to cope with disability was associated with use of fewer hours of help from another person (personal assistance). Methods. In a cross-sectional study of 2368 community dwellers older than 65 years with 1 or more limitations in basic activities of daily living (ADLs) from the 1994 National Long Term Care Survey, the relation between technological assistance and per…
Does the Ownership of the Admitting Hospital Make a Difference
BACKGROUND: Concerns have been expressed about quality of for-profit hospitals and their use of expensive technologies. OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in mortality after admission for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in the use of low- and high-tech services for AMI among for-profit, public, and private nonprofit hospitals. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Cooperative Cardiovascular Project data for 129,092 Medicare patients admitte…
Benefits of Smoking Cessation for Longevity
Objectives. This study determined the life extension obtained from stopping smoking at various ages. Methods. We estimated the relation between smoking and mortality among 877 243 respondents to the Cancer Prevention Study II. These estimates were applied to the 1990 US census population to examine the longevity benefits of smoking cessation. Results. Life expectancy among smokers who quit at age 35 exceeded that of continuing smokers by 6.9 to 8…
Variability in Medical Malpractice Payments
This study uses a framework in which disputants' litigation decisions are based on optimizing expected returns and minimizing losses to analyze outcomes of medical malpractice disputes—the probability of payment, stage of resolution, and amounts paid, based on closed medical malpractice claims from Florida and jury verdict reporter abstracts from five jurisdictions. Using judgments of an expert panel and other indicators, the analysis reveals tha…
Heavy alcohol use and marital dissolution in the USA
Injury, Liability, and the Decision to File a Medical Malpractice Claim
The authors used two data sets based on interviews with families who suffered an adverse birth outcome in Florida-either a stillbirth, an infant death, or a permanent birth-related injury-to assess the decision to file a medical malpractice claim. These data were supplemented by medical evaluations of liability. The authors found that cases in which the physician evaluators thought the physician had been negligent were much more likely to have be…
Lifetime Earnings and Physicians' Choice of Specialty
Deals with a study that explored whether lifetime earnings in various specialties influence the choice of field of physicians. Estimates of lifetime earnings differentials between specialties and general practice; Regression equations measuring the supply response to income. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Disparities Among Older Adults in Measures of Cognitive Function by Race or Ethnicity
This study examined racial or ethnic differences in cognitive function, cross-sectionally and longitudinally, using survey data from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old. A version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), proxy assessments of cognition, and difficulties in performing daily tasks were assessed. Blacks performed below Whites on the TICS at baseline and on proxy assessments of cognition. TICS score decli…
Hospital pharmacy decisions, cost containment, and the use of cost-effectiveness analysis
The Relative Effect of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, Disability, and Comorbidities on Cost of Care for Elderly Persons
Disability, severe ADRD, and comorbidity all had independent effects that increased total costs. Thus, any risk adjustment procedure should account for disability and comorbidity and not just ADRD status
The Longevity Gap Between Black and White Men in the United States at the Beginning and End of the 20th Century
Objectives. We sought to assess whether the disparity in mortality rates between Black and White men decreased from the beginning to the end of the 20th century. Methods. We used Cox proportional hazard models for mortality to estimate differences in longevity between Black and White Civil War veterans from 1900 to 1914 (using data from a pension program) and a later cohort of male participants (using data from the 1992 to 2006 Health and Retirem…
Racial disparities in diabetes a century ago
The Role of Unions in Hospital Cost Inflation
This study examines the impact of unions on worker compensation and total costs in hospitals, both in specific departments and in the hospital as a whole. An analysis of data for 367 hospitals for the years 1974 and 1977 shows that unions raised the mean compensation of hospital workers by 8.8 percent without producing offsetting increases in worker productivity. Thus, unions do increase hospital costs, although far less than health insurance and…
Influenza Pandemic
Objectives. To explore associations between in utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic and hospitalization rates in old age (≥ 70 years) in the United States. Methods. We identified individuals exposed (mild and deadly waves) and unexposed in utero to the 1918 influenza pandemic (a natural experiment) by using birth dates from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old survey. We analyzed differences in hospitalization rates by expo…
Heavy drinking in early adulthood and outcomes at mid life
BACKGROUND: Heavy drinking in early adulthood among Blacks, but not Whites, has been found to be associated with more deleterious health outcomes, lower labor market success and lower educational attainment at mid-life. This study analysed psychosocial pathways underlying racial differences in the impact of early heavy alcohol use on occupational and educational attainment at mid-life. METHODS: Outcomes in labor market participation, occupational…
Does Assistive Technology Substitute for Personal Assistance Among the Disabled Elderly
Objectives. This study examined whether use of equipment (technological assistance) to cope with disability was associated with use of fewer hours of help from another person (personal assistance). Methods. In a cross-sectional study of 2368 community dwellers older than 65 years with 1 or more limitations in basic activities of daily living (ADLs) from the 1994 National Long Term Care Survey, the relation between technological assistance and per…
Why has hospital length of stay declined? An evaluation of alternative theories
Changes in primary medical care delivery, 1975-1979
Alcohol Consumption in Early Adulthood and Schooling Completed and Labor Market Outcomes at Midlife by Race and Gender
Objectives. We assessed the relation of alcohol consumption in young adulthood to problem alcohol consumption 10 years later and to educational attainment and labor market outcomes at midlife. We considered whether these relations differ between Blacks and Whites. Methods. We classified individuals on the basis of their drinking frequency patterns with data from the 1982 to 1984 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (respondents aged 19–27 y…
Racial Differences in the Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption in Early Adulthood and Occupational Attainment at Midlife
Objectives. We assessed the relationship between alcohol consumption in young adulthood (ages 18–30 years) and occupational success 15 years later among Blacks and Whites. Methods. We analyzed data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study on employment status and occupational prestige at year 15 from baseline. The primary predictor was weekly alcohol use at baseline, after stratification by race and adjustment for socioecon…
Hospital credentialing and quality of care
Formation of Trusts and Spend Down to Medicaid
The use of trusts was not common, and motives other than spend down were more important for those with trusts. Our results suggest little need for policy efforts to limit the use of trusts to achieve spend down
Introduction and overview
Organ Transplantation Policy
Organ transplantation as a high-cost surgical and medical procedure poses an extraordinarily rich and complex set of social, ethical, and policy issues. A June 1988 symposium at Vanderbilt University gathered leaders in a wide variety of fields to synthesize the current state of knowledge concerning organ transplantation policy and to access policy options. Collected here are the revised papers presented at that symposium; also included is one in…
Case shifting and the Medicare Prospective Payment System
We assessed impacts of the Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) during its first two years of operation (1984-85) on 467 hospitals using data from the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities and from the American Hospital Association. Medicare discharges as a per cent of total discharges remained constant between 1983 and 1985, but the per cent of uninsured patients increased, especially at large public hospitals. The number of Me…
Insurance, Regulation and Hospital Costs
Physician Supply Behavior in the Short Run
Analysis of determinants of two dimensions of the supply of physicians' services. Solutions proposed to address the rising cost of medical care; Development of the analytic framework; Specifications of wage and supply equations; Empirical results. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Lifetime Earnings and Physicians' Choice of Specialty
Deals with a study that explored whether lifetime earnings in various specialties influence the choice of field of physicians. Estimates of lifetime earnings differentials between specialties and general practice; Regression equations measuring the supply response to income. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Physician Supply Behavior in the Short Run
Analysis of determinants of two dimensions of the supply of physicians' services. Solutions proposed to address the rising cost of medical care; Development of the analytic framework; Specifications of wage and supply equations; Empirical results. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Access to Medical Care and the Local Supply of Physicians
This paper focuses on one aspect of access to physicians' services, the time patients spend obtaining physicians' service. Patient time is divided into travel and waiting time components. Communities in which the patient's total time commitment tend to be the highest are generally the most populous cities. Pairwise comparisons between central cities and non-central cities in the 22 largest Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) reveal th…
Variations in appointment delays for physicians' services
The impact of infectious and allergic diseases on the quality of life
The impact of infectious and allergic diseases on the quality of life
Private Physicians and Public Policy
Regulation and the Rising Cost of Hospital Care
Insurance, Regulation and Hospital Costs
Hospital Labor Markets
Changes in primary medical care delivery, 1975-1979
The Role of Unions in Hospital Cost Inflation
This study examines the impact of unions on worker compensation and total costs in hospitals, both in specific departments and in the hospital as a whole. An analysis of data for 367 hospitals for the years 1974 and 1977 shows that unions raised the mean compensation of hospital workers by 8.8 percent without producing offsetting increases in worker productivity. Thus, unions do increase hospital costs, although far less than health insurance and…
Why has hospital length of stay declined? An evaluation of alternative theories
Estimation of Seemingly Unrelated Tobit Regressions via the EM Algorithm
An expectation-maximum (EM) likelihood algorithm is used to estimate two seemingly unrelated Tobit regressions in which the dependent variables are truncated normal. An illustrative example on the determination of the life-health insurance and pension benefits is also given
Uncompensated Hospital Care
Case shifting and the Medicare Prospective Payment System
We assessed impacts of the Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) during its first two years of operation (1984-85) on 467 hospitals using data from the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities and from the American Hospital Association. Medicare discharges as a per cent of total discharges remained constant between 1983 and 1985, but the per cent of uninsured patients increased, especially at large public hospitals. The number of Me…
Medicare Prospective Payment and Posthospital Transfers to Subacute Care
This study analyzed the early effects of the Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) on the likelihood of hospital's discharging Medicare beneficiaries to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), intermediate care facilities (ICFs), and home health agencies. It also examined length of stay before transfer. Discharge abstract data on patients in five DRG groups were studied. Data were obtained from 501 hospitals for the third quarters of 1980, 1983, 1…
Medicare Prospective Payment and the Use of Medical Technologies in Hospitals
Medicare's Prospective Payment System (PPS) created incentives to reduce the application of technology to hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries. Using data from 501 hospitals from 1980 and 1983-85, this study assesses changes in use of intensive care units and use of nonsurgical procedures before versus after implementation of PPS. The percent of hospitalized patients, both Medicare and non-Medicare, admitted to intensive care units increased post-…
Variability in Medical Malpractice Payments
This study uses a framework in which disputants' litigation decisions are based on optimizing expected returns and minimizing losses to analyze outcomes of medical malpractice disputes—the probability of payment, stage of resolution, and amounts paid, based on closed medical malpractice claims from Florida and jury verdict reporter abstracts from five jurisdictions. Using judgments of an expert panel and other indicators, the analysis reveals tha…
Organ Transplantation Policy
Organ transplantation as a high-cost surgical and medical procedure poses an extraordinarily rich and complex set of social, ethical, and policy issues. A June 1988 symposium at Vanderbilt University gathered leaders in a wide variety of fields to synthesize the current state of knowledge concerning organ transplantation policy and to access policy options. Collected here are the revised papers presented at that symposium; also included is one in…
Insuring Medical Malpractice
Hospital Drug Formularies and Use of Hospital Services
Many hospitals have introduced formularies to reduce hospital pharmacy expense, among other reasons. This study provides empirical evidence of the influence of hospital formulary restrictions on pharmacy charges, all other hospital charges, and on length of stay, using a survey of hospital drug policies and hospital discharge data from Washington State in 1989. Limiting the number of drugs in particular therapeutic categories reduced total charge…
Effects of the Threat of Medical Malpractice Litigation and Other Factors on Birth Outcomes
Most major health reform proposals include reform of medical malpractice. A major objective of the current medical malpractice system is to improve quality of care. The authors examine the effect of variations in the threat of medical malpractice, measured by claims frequency and payments per exposure year, on various indicators of birth outcomes, fetal deaths, low Apgar score, death within 5 days of birth, infant death, and death or permanent im…
Injury, Liability, and the Decision to File a Medical Malpractice Claim
The authors used two data sets based on interviews with families who suffered an adverse birth outcome in Florida-either a stillbirth, an infant death, or a permanent birth-related injury-to assess the decision to file a medical malpractice claim. These data were supplemented by medical evaluations of liability. The authors found that cases in which the physician evaluators thought the physician had been negligent were much more likely to have be…
Public Subsidies, Private Provision of Care and Living Arrangements of the Elderly
Thomas J. Hoerger, Gabriel A. Picone, Frank A. Sloan, Public Subsidies, Private Provision of Care and Living Arrangements of the Elderly, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 78, No. 3 (Aug., 1996), pp. 428-440
Medicine (47 obras) · Business (31 obras) · Healthcare Policy and Management (28 obras) · Economics (24 obras) · Environmental health (18 obras) · Psychology (16 obras) · Gerontology (15 obras) · Health care (15 obras) · Internal Medicine (15 obras) · Political science (15 obras)