Katrina J Bettcher
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 108463 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Katrina J Bettcher |
| PRENOMES | Katrina J |
| SOBRENOME | Bettcher |
| ASSINATURA | BETTCHER K J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Independent researcher |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 18 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 37 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 18 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Coca Leaves in Inka Rituals in Tambo Viejo, Acarí Valley, Peru
The Inka believed that the world around them was inhabited by powerful spirits and heavenly deities who had a strong influence on their lives. The Inka understood the importance of maintaining a good relationship with the spirits and deities to receive their positive influences. To this end, the Inka state staged ritual ceremonies to present offerings; in return, the recipients were expected to reciprocate by sending good fortune. Ethnohistorical…
Inka Freeze-Dried Potatoes from Tambo Viejo, Acarí Valley, Perú
At the time the Inka state flourished in western South America, several hundred varieties of potatoes were cultivated, some of which were bitter and needed to be processed to be edible. The processing strategy employed was freeze-drying, and the product is called chuño. Early colonial period documents inform us that the freeze-dried potatoes were safely stored for extended periods of time in state-controlled warehouses. Given that potatoes spoil …
Las plumas en los rituales inkas de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka reconoció que el mundo natural en el que vivimos coexiste con un mundo invisible y sobrenatural habitado por seres divinos que, desde su perspectiva, tenían influencia en la vida humana. Para establecer y mantener una buena relación con ellos, los inkas vieron conveniente organizar ceremonias rituales y entregar una diversidad de ofrendas. A esta acción de buena voluntad, los dioses reciprocaron enviando lluvias que permitieron bue…
Los sistemas de almacenamiento inka de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka construyó enormes depósitos dispersos a lo largo del imperio para almacenar todo tipo de productos. Estas instalaciones, edificadas en grupos y, por lo general, en la cima de los cerros, podrían sugerir que los sistemas de almacenamiento inka siempre fueron enormes. Sin embargo, recientes investigaciones arqueológicas demuestran que en la costa también existieron depósitos, pero de menor escala, distintos de los que suelen encontra…
Las plumas en los rituales inkas de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka reconoció que el mundo natural en el que vivimos coexiste con un mundo invisible y sobrenatural habitado por seres divinos que, desde su perspectiva, tenían influencia en la vida humana. Para establecer y mantener una buena relación con ellos, los inkas vieron conveniente organizar ceremonias rituales y entregar una diversidad de ofrendas. A esta acción de buena voluntad, los dioses reciprocaron enviando lluvias que permitieron bue…
Spaniards at the Inka Provincial Center of Tambo Viejo, Acarí Valley, Peru
Following the capture of Inka Atawallpa in Cajamarca, Spanish conquistadors took control of several Inka provincial centers that subsequently became the sites of colonial towns. This was the case at Tambo Viejo, the Inka provincial center in the Acarí Valley of the Peruvian south coast. Recent archaeological excavation at that site revealed that the Spanish modified existing buildings and added new constructions to suit their needs. The excavatio…
The founding of the Inca provincial center of Tambo Viejo, Acarí, Perú
The Peruvian south coast was one of the regions annexed into the Inca state by diplomatic means. Tambo Viejo was the Inca center built in the Acarí Valley, which marks the southern boundary of the region. Building upon some dates found in ethnohistorical documents, the late John H. Rowe asserted that the Inca conquest of the region likely took place about AD 1476. Recent archaeological research at Tambo Viejo enabled us to secure AMS dates. The c…
Inka special occasion food
Human relations are established and maintained through the sharing of food. Indeed, it has been asserted that eating and drinking play a vital role in the creation of lasting bonds. The Inka state, familiar with the benefits brought by sharing food and drinks, purposely staged extravagant banquets that were accompanied by songs and dances. For an expansive state such as the Inka, the annexation of new peoples and their lands often required comple…
Pachamanka
Early Spaniards reported that the Inka state organized public celebrations involving extravagant banquets and drinking, in addition to singing and dancing. Cieza de León and Cobo noted that large number of llamas were slaughtered for such special celebrations. Although it is understood that food was an integral part of the festivities and that the Inka state used food as a political tool, until recently the meal preparation details for such large…
Pichqa and Pisqoyñu
A prevailing image of the Inca State is of an entity largely concerned with production, with little or no time for entertainment activities, such as playing games. While anthropological research demonstrates that an important aspect of being human is playing games, Inca society appears to be anomalous. Sixteenth and seventeenth century chroniclers mentioned Inca games only on occasion, while archaeological research has not been successful enough …
Recent Archaeological Research at Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru
We recently conducted excavations at the Inka administrative center of Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley of the Peruvian south coast. Our excavation of two centrally located structures demonstrates that, despite the apparent brief occupation of the site, there was substantial rebuilding as older structures were demolished and replaced by new ones. The final layout of Tambo Viejo had been preceded by continuous modifications. Furthermore, the establ…
Inka llama offerings from Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru
Llamas were the preferred sacrificial animals of the Inka Empire, their ritual value second only to that of human beings. Recent archaeological excavations at the Inka settlement of Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley on the Peruvian south coast have revealed a number of ritually sacrificed llamas in a unique context. This new evidence demonstrates that the establishment of Tambo Viejo as a provincial Inka centre involved the performance of ritual pr…
Decapitación Y Cabezas Humanas Del Valle De Acarí, Perú
Las excavaciones arqueológicas efectuadas en Amato, un sitio establecido a inicios del periodo Intermedio Temprano (circa 50 a.C – 300 d.C) en el valle de Acarí de la costa sur del Perú, permitió recuperar dos cabezas humanas en dos contextos diferentes. El primero proviene de las inmediaciones de decenas de esqueletos humanos decapitados, mientras que el segundo fue expuesto asociado al muro perimétrico que fortifica al sitio. Ambas cabezas reci…
Mortuary preferences and selected references
In a recently published paper, Isbell (2004 Isbell, W. H. 2004. Mortuary preferences: a Wari culture case study from Middle Horizon Peru. Latin American Antiquity, 15: 3–32. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; see also Isbell 2000 Isbell, W. H. 2000. Repensando el Horizonte Medio: el caso de Conchopata, Ayacucho, Perú. Boletín de Arqueología PUC, 4: 9–68. Pontificia Universidad Catòlica del Perú, Lima [Google Scholar]; Isbell and C…
Prácticas Mortuorias Wari en Marayniyoq, Valle De Ayacucho, Perú
Se presentan los resultados del anlisis de los restos seos humanos provenientes de dos estructuras mortuorias excavadas en el sitio Wari de Marayniyoq, del valle de Ayacucho, Per. Hasta hace poco, las formas de enterramiento Wari fueron discutidas slo a partir de las estructuras funerarias, prestndose escasa atencin a los huesos humanos. Nuestros resultados indican la presencia de una poblacin numerosa, con individuos de todas las edades y ambos …
New Wari Mortuary Structures in the Ayacucho Valley, Peru
Recent archaeological salvage excavations in the Ayacucho Valley of the Peruvian Central Highlands resulted in the discovery of two totally new mortuary structure forms for the region and for the Wari culture in particular. The first form consists of two rectangular mortuary chambers, each with a small east-facing entrance and holding the interred remains of several individuals. The second form consists of several cylindrical cists, each containi…
Posoqoypata, un cementerio Wari en el valle de Ayacucho, Perú
Recientemente efectuamos un trabajo de rescate arqueológico en un cementerio Wari en el valle de Ayacucho. Dicho trabajo permitió el descubrimiento de formas mortuarias totalmente novedosas para la región y para la cultura Wari en particular. La primera consiste en una cámara funeraria de forma rectangular, con un acceso orientado hacia el lado este, y que contenía los restos de varios individuos. La segunda tiene la forma de una pequeña cista de…
Marayniyoq, un establecimiento wari en el valle de Ayacucho, Perú
En este trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados de las excavaciones efectuadas en Marayniyoq, un centro especializado wari del valle de Ayacucho. El descubrimiento de una serie de batanes y sus respectivas moliendas indican que éste fue un establecimiento destinado al procesamiento de granos, como el maíz. Puesto que estos batanes consisten en grandes bloques de piedra labrada, queda también manifiesto que se invirtió una enorme actividad humana …
Inka llama offerings from Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru
Llamas were the preferred sacrificial animals of the Inka Empire, their ritual value second only to that of human beings. Recent archaeological excavations at the Inka settlement of Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley on the Peruvian south coast have revealed a number of ritually sacrificed llamas in a unique context. This new evidence demonstrates that the establishment of Tambo Viejo as a provincial Inka centre involved the performance of ritual pr…
Recent Archaeological Research at Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru
We recently conducted excavations at the Inka administrative center of Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley of the Peruvian south coast. Our excavation of two centrally located structures demonstrates that, despite the apparent brief occupation of the site, there was substantial rebuilding as older structures were demolished and replaced by new ones. The final layout of Tambo Viejo had been preceded by continuous modifications. Furthermore, the establ…
New Wari Mortuary Structures in the Ayacucho Valley, Peru
Recent archaeological salvage excavations in the Ayacucho Valley of the Peruvian Central Highlands resulted in the discovery of two totally new mortuary structure forms for the region and for the Wari culture in particular. The first form consists of two rectangular mortuary chambers, each with a small east-facing entrance and holding the interred remains of several individuals. The second form consists of several cylindrical cists, each containi…
Pachamanka
Early Spaniards reported that the Inka state organized public celebrations involving extravagant banquets and drinking, in addition to singing and dancing. Cieza de León and Cobo noted that large number of llamas were slaughtered for such special celebrations. Although it is understood that food was an integral part of the festivities and that the Inka state used food as a political tool, until recently the meal preparation details for such large…
Inka special occasion food
Human relations are established and maintained through the sharing of food. Indeed, it has been asserted that eating and drinking play a vital role in the creation of lasting bonds. The Inka state, familiar with the benefits brought by sharing food and drinks, purposely staged extravagant banquets that were accompanied by songs and dances. For an expansive state such as the Inka, the annexation of new peoples and their lands often required comple…
Pichqa and Pisqoyñu
A prevailing image of the Inca State is of an entity largely concerned with production, with little or no time for entertainment activities, such as playing games. While anthropological research demonstrates that an important aspect of being human is playing games, Inca society appears to be anomalous. Sixteenth and seventeenth century chroniclers mentioned Inca games only on occasion, while archaeological research has not been successful enough …
The founding of the Inca provincial center of Tambo Viejo, Acarí, Perú
The Peruvian south coast was one of the regions annexed into the Inca state by diplomatic means. Tambo Viejo was the Inca center built in the Acarí Valley, which marks the southern boundary of the region. Building upon some dates found in ethnohistorical documents, the late John H. Rowe asserted that the Inca conquest of the region likely took place about AD 1476. Recent archaeological research at Tambo Viejo enabled us to secure AMS dates. The c…
Los sistemas de almacenamiento inka de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka construyó enormes depósitos dispersos a lo largo del imperio para almacenar todo tipo de productos. Estas instalaciones, edificadas en grupos y, por lo general, en la cima de los cerros, podrían sugerir que los sistemas de almacenamiento inka siempre fueron enormes. Sin embargo, recientes investigaciones arqueológicas demuestran que en la costa también existieron depósitos, pero de menor escala, distintos de los que suelen encontra…
Decapitación Y Cabezas Humanas Del Valle De Acarí, Perú
Las excavaciones arqueológicas efectuadas en Amato, un sitio establecido a inicios del periodo Intermedio Temprano (circa 50 a.C – 300 d.C) en el valle de Acarí de la costa sur del Perú, permitió recuperar dos cabezas humanas en dos contextos diferentes. El primero proviene de las inmediaciones de decenas de esqueletos humanos decapitados, mientras que el segundo fue expuesto asociado al muro perimétrico que fortifica al sitio. Ambas cabezas reci…
Mortuary preferences and selected references
In a recently published paper, Isbell (2004 Isbell, W. H. 2004. Mortuary preferences: a Wari culture case study from Middle Horizon Peru. Latin American Antiquity, 15: 3–32. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; see also Isbell 2000 Isbell, W. H. 2000. Repensando el Horizonte Medio: el caso de Conchopata, Ayacucho, Perú. Boletín de Arqueología PUC, 4: 9–68. Pontificia Universidad Catòlica del Perú, Lima [Google Scholar]; Isbell and C…
Marayniyoq, un establecimiento wari en el valle de Ayacucho, Perú
En este trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados de las excavaciones efectuadas en Marayniyoq, un centro especializado wari del valle de Ayacucho. El descubrimiento de una serie de batanes y sus respectivas moliendas indican que éste fue un establecimiento destinado al procesamiento de granos, como el maíz. Puesto que estos batanes consisten en grandes bloques de piedra labrada, queda también manifiesto que se invirtió una enorme actividad humana …
Marayniyoq, un establecimiento wari en el valle de Ayacucho, Perú
En este trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados de las excavaciones efectuadas en Marayniyoq, un centro especializado wari del valle de Ayacucho. El descubrimiento de una serie de batanes y sus respectivas moliendas indican que éste fue un establecimiento destinado al procesamiento de granos, como el maíz. Puesto que estos batanes consisten en grandes bloques de piedra labrada, queda también manifiesto que se invirtió una enorme actividad humana …
Posoqoypata, un cementerio Wari en el valle de Ayacucho, Perú
Recientemente efectuamos un trabajo de rescate arqueológico en un cementerio Wari en el valle de Ayacucho. Dicho trabajo permitió el descubrimiento de formas mortuarias totalmente novedosas para la región y para la cultura Wari en particular. La primera consiste en una cámara funeraria de forma rectangular, con un acceso orientado hacia el lado este, y que contenía los restos de varios individuos. La segunda tiene la forma de una pequeña cista de…
New Wari Mortuary Structures in the Ayacucho Valley, Peru
Recent archaeological salvage excavations in the Ayacucho Valley of the Peruvian Central Highlands resulted in the discovery of two totally new mortuary structure forms for the region and for the Wari culture in particular. The first form consists of two rectangular mortuary chambers, each with a small east-facing entrance and holding the interred remains of several individuals. The second form consists of several cylindrical cists, each containi…
Mortuary preferences and selected references
In a recently published paper, Isbell (2004 Isbell, W. H. 2004. Mortuary preferences: a Wari culture case study from Middle Horizon Peru. Latin American Antiquity, 15: 3–32. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; see also Isbell 2000 Isbell, W. H. 2000. Repensando el Horizonte Medio: el caso de Conchopata, Ayacucho, Perú. Boletín de Arqueología PUC, 4: 9–68. Pontificia Universidad Catòlica del Perú, Lima [Google Scholar]; Isbell and C…
Prácticas Mortuorias Wari en Marayniyoq, Valle De Ayacucho, Perú
Se presentan los resultados del anlisis de los restos seos humanos provenientes de dos estructuras mortuorias excavadas en el sitio Wari de Marayniyoq, del valle de Ayacucho, Per. Hasta hace poco, las formas de enterramiento Wari fueron discutidas slo a partir de las estructuras funerarias, prestndose escasa atencin a los huesos humanos. Nuestros resultados indican la presencia de una poblacin numerosa, con individuos de todas las edades y ambos …
Decapitación Y Cabezas Humanas Del Valle De Acarí, Perú
Las excavaciones arqueológicas efectuadas en Amato, un sitio establecido a inicios del periodo Intermedio Temprano (circa 50 a.C – 300 d.C) en el valle de Acarí de la costa sur del Perú, permitió recuperar dos cabezas humanas en dos contextos diferentes. El primero proviene de las inmediaciones de decenas de esqueletos humanos decapitados, mientras que el segundo fue expuesto asociado al muro perimétrico que fortifica al sitio. Ambas cabezas reci…
Pichqa and Pisqoyñu
A prevailing image of the Inca State is of an entity largely concerned with production, with little or no time for entertainment activities, such as playing games. While anthropological research demonstrates that an important aspect of being human is playing games, Inca society appears to be anomalous. Sixteenth and seventeenth century chroniclers mentioned Inca games only on occasion, while archaeological research has not been successful enough …
Recent Archaeological Research at Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru
We recently conducted excavations at the Inka administrative center of Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley of the Peruvian south coast. Our excavation of two centrally located structures demonstrates that, despite the apparent brief occupation of the site, there was substantial rebuilding as older structures were demolished and replaced by new ones. The final layout of Tambo Viejo had been preceded by continuous modifications. Furthermore, the establ…
Inka llama offerings from Tambo Viejo, Acari Valley, Peru
Llamas were the preferred sacrificial animals of the Inka Empire, their ritual value second only to that of human beings. Recent archaeological excavations at the Inka settlement of Tambo Viejo in the Acari Valley on the Peruvian south coast have revealed a number of ritually sacrificed llamas in a unique context. This new evidence demonstrates that the establishment of Tambo Viejo as a provincial Inka centre involved the performance of ritual pr…
Inka special occasion food
Human relations are established and maintained through the sharing of food. Indeed, it has been asserted that eating and drinking play a vital role in the creation of lasting bonds. The Inka state, familiar with the benefits brought by sharing food and drinks, purposely staged extravagant banquets that were accompanied by songs and dances. For an expansive state such as the Inka, the annexation of new peoples and their lands often required comple…
Pachamanka
Early Spaniards reported that the Inka state organized public celebrations involving extravagant banquets and drinking, in addition to singing and dancing. Cieza de León and Cobo noted that large number of llamas were slaughtered for such special celebrations. Although it is understood that food was an integral part of the festivities and that the Inka state used food as a political tool, until recently the meal preparation details for such large…
The founding of the Inca provincial center of Tambo Viejo, Acarí, Perú
The Peruvian south coast was one of the regions annexed into the Inca state by diplomatic means. Tambo Viejo was the Inca center built in the Acarí Valley, which marks the southern boundary of the region. Building upon some dates found in ethnohistorical documents, the late John H. Rowe asserted that the Inca conquest of the region likely took place about AD 1476. Recent archaeological research at Tambo Viejo enabled us to secure AMS dates. The c…
Spaniards at the Inka Provincial Center of Tambo Viejo, Acarí Valley, Peru
Following the capture of Inka Atawallpa in Cajamarca, Spanish conquistadors took control of several Inka provincial centers that subsequently became the sites of colonial towns. This was the case at Tambo Viejo, the Inka provincial center in the Acarí Valley of the Peruvian south coast. Recent archaeological excavation at that site revealed that the Spanish modified existing buildings and added new constructions to suit their needs. The excavatio…
Las plumas en los rituales inkas de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka reconoció que el mundo natural en el que vivimos coexiste con un mundo invisible y sobrenatural habitado por seres divinos que, desde su perspectiva, tenían influencia en la vida humana. Para establecer y mantener una buena relación con ellos, los inkas vieron conveniente organizar ceremonias rituales y entregar una diversidad de ofrendas. A esta acción de buena voluntad, los dioses reciprocaron enviando lluvias que permitieron bue…
Los sistemas de almacenamiento inka de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka construyó enormes depósitos dispersos a lo largo del imperio para almacenar todo tipo de productos. Estas instalaciones, edificadas en grupos y, por lo general, en la cima de los cerros, podrían sugerir que los sistemas de almacenamiento inka siempre fueron enormes. Sin embargo, recientes investigaciones arqueológicas demuestran que en la costa también existieron depósitos, pero de menor escala, distintos de los que suelen encontra…
Las plumas en los rituales inkas de Tambo Viejo
El Estado inka reconoció que el mundo natural en el que vivimos coexiste con un mundo invisible y sobrenatural habitado por seres divinos que, desde su perspectiva, tenían influencia en la vida humana. Para establecer y mantener una buena relación con ellos, los inkas vieron conveniente organizar ceremonias rituales y entregar una diversidad de ofrendas. A esta acción de buena voluntad, los dioses reciprocaron enviando lluvias que permitieron bue…
Coca Leaves in Inka Rituals in Tambo Viejo, Acarí Valley, Peru
The Inka believed that the world around them was inhabited by powerful spirits and heavenly deities who had a strong influence on their lives. The Inka understood the importance of maintaining a good relationship with the spirits and deities to receive their positive influences. To this end, the Inka state staged ritual ceremonies to present offerings; in return, the recipients were expected to reciprocate by sending good fortune. Ethnohistorical…
Inka Freeze-Dried Potatoes from Tambo Viejo, Acarí Valley, Perú
At the time the Inka state flourished in western South America, several hundred varieties of potatoes were cultivated, some of which were bitter and needed to be processed to be edible. The processing strategy employed was freeze-drying, and the product is called chuño. Early colonial period documents inform us that the freeze-dried potatoes were safely stored for extended periods of time in state-controlled warehouses. Given that potatoes spoil …
Latin American history and culture (13 obras) · Geography (11 obras) · Archaeology (10 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (9 obras) · Art (6 obras) · History (5 obras) · Ancient history (4 obras) · Excavation (4 obras) · History (4 obras) · Humanities (4 obras)