R B Warnecke
Biographic Data
| ID | 110230 |
|---|---|
| NAME | R B Warnecke |
| GIVEN NAMES | R B |
| FAMILY NAME | Warnecke |
| SIGNATURE | WARNECKE R B |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Illinois Chicago |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9045-2841 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 115 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1964 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Community-Driven Conversations
CHEC-Ins proved to be a valuable strategy for defining the role of community partners and establishing the basis for a bi-directional flow of information, resources, and productive action. The two pilot CHEC-Ins revealed important insights related to sources of cancer information, meanings and associated attitudes, barriers to access and use of health services, and social support systems in the communities where ChicagoCHEC works. We will impleme…
The Uneven Distribution of Medically Underserved Areas in Chicago
Purpose: Safety net health services, such as federally funded health clinics, are interventions that aim to mitigate inequality in resource distribution, thus primarily clustered in poor areas with lack of access to health care. However, not all neighborhoods with the most needs benefit from safety net health services. In this article, we explore the distribution of a federally funded health service intervention designed to serve impoverished are…
Building Cross-Institutional Collaborative Infrastructure and Processes
Large-scale collaborative research and education projects across institutions can be challenging, particularly when establishing a working infrastructure and aligning priorities. However, the benefit of establishing key processes in the early years of the collaborative process can lead to high-quality research output, impact, and a sustainable partnership
A National Evaluation of Community‐Based Youth Cessation Programs
Most youth cessation treatment research consists of efficacy studies in which treatments are evaluated under optimal conditions of delivery. Less is known about the effectiveness of youth cessation treatments delivered in real‐world, community based settings. A national sample of 41 community‐based youth cessation programs participated in a longitudinal evaluation to identify site, program, and participant characteristics associated with successf…
Neighborhood Changes in Concentrated Immigration and Late Stage Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Economic, racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer in the US
Characteristics of Mammography Facility Locations and Stage of Breast Cancer at Diagnosis in Chicago
Managing the Unmanaged
STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study presents a case analysis of how 3 urban medical centers with differing ownership models, within 1 metropolitan area, ration access to uncompensated care to uninsured patients. METHODS: Data was triangulated from 3 sources: hospital financial reports by service line for a fiscal year, a survey of 292 self-pay patients, and the self-pay policies and practices of clerical personnel described in a previous publication. RES…
Approaching Health Disparities From a Population Perspective
Addressing health disparities has been a national challenge for decades. The National Institutes of Health-sponsored Centers for Population Health and Health Disparities are the first federal initiative to support transdisciplinary multilevel research on the determinants of health disparities. Their novel research approach combines population, clinical, and basic science to elucidate the complex determinants of health disparities. The centers are…
A National Survey of Tobacco Cessation Programs for Youths
Objectives. We collected data on a national sample of existing community-based tobacco cessation programs for youths to understand their prevalence and overall characteristics. Methods. We employed a 2-stage sampling design with US counties as the first-stage probability sampling units. We then used snowball sampling in selected counties to identify administrators of tobacco cessation programs for youths. We collected data on cessation programs w…
Avoiding Free Care at All Costs
An Investigation of the Effects of Social Desirability on the Validity of Self-Reports of Cancer Screening Behaviors
We evaluated 4 approaches to improving the reporting of disease prevention and screening behaviors. The conditions evaluated include (1) the mode in which data are collected, (2) asking the interview subject about her intention to obtain the procedure before asking whether the behavior occurred, (3) asking the interview subject about barriers that might keep respondents from getting the procedure before asking about whether she has received it, a…
Rationing Access to Care to the Medically Uninsured
BACKGROUND: Medically uninsured patients seeking nonemergency care are not guaranteed access to services at most healthcare institutions. They must first register with a clerk who could require a deposit and/or payment on an outstanding debt. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the factors that influence whether nonmedical bureaucratic staff sign in or turn away uninsured patients who cannot meet prepayment requirements. RESEARCH DESIGN: The study wa…
Cross-Cultural Interviewing
Improving the self reporting of tobacco use
The tobacco specific survey introduction is causing some smokers to deny their tobacco use. The data suggest that these smokers tend to be women that smoked occasionally. A desire by the participants to minimise their personal time costs or a growing social disapproval of tobacco use in the USA may be contributing to the creation of previously undetected survey artefacts in the measurement of tobacco related behaviours
Examining the Effectiveness of a Community‐Based Self‐Help Program to Increase Women's Readiness for Smoking Cessation
This study investigated the effectiveness of two components of a smoking cessation intervention: a reading manual and a series of televised programs. Female smokers in the Chicago metropolitan area with a high school education or less were interviewed at 4 different times: baseline, immediate postintervention, and 6 and 12 months. We examined the effects of several baseline measures (race, age, number of cigarettes smoked, and stage of readiness …
Changes in Self-Efficacy and Readiness for Smoking Cessation among Women with High School or Less Education
The most common theory of smoking cessation postulates that readiness to quit begins with changes in attitudes that move the smoker toward behavioral change and eventual cessation. However, trends in smoking indicate that many who currently smoke are not ready to quit. Hence, strategies that both enhance readiness and focus on quitting are likely to be most effective. We hypothesize that an intervention addressed to motivating behavior change wil…
Readiness of Older Adults to Stop Smoking in a Televised Intervention
Smokers aged 60 and older who enrolled in a televised smoking cessation program were compared with older smokers in the target population, using data from telephone interviews. Multiple logistic regressions identified factors that differentiated older smokers at various stages of readiness to quit. Within the target population, smokers planning to quit someday (N = 238) were more likely to have had greater concern about health effects of smoking …
Buddy Support among Older Smokers in a Smoking Cessation Program
Use of buddy support in a minimal-contact smoking cessation program using a manual and television segments was assessed among 313 participants aged 50 and older. Almost one fourth engaged a buddy, and those aged 50 to 59 were more likely to have engaged a buddy than those 60 and older. Having a buddy was associated with better use of the manual among both age groups. Participants who needed help from others to quit smoking were less likely to hav…
Dimensions of Mail Questionnaires and Response Quality
Les AA. estiment que les questionnaires de petite dimension sont des instruments d'enquete moins efficaces que les formulaires standards. Lire et completer un petit document n'offre pas l'avantage de paraitre, aux yeux des enquetes, comme une tâche plus modeste. En revanche l'utilisation de grands formulaires peut donner l'impression de participer a une recherche importante. Ceci peut inciter les individus a repondre aux questions des enqueteurs.…
Health Behavior Changes Through Television
We assess the role played by two types of self-selection in accounting for the influence of a television series on smoking cessation. De facto selection is based on respondents' regular channel viewing habits that can expose them to the series. Motivated self-selection takes place when viewers deliberately select to watch television programming because it meets their desire to quit smoking. Self-selection also can be viewed as a methodological ar…
Smoking-related behavior, beliefs, and social environment of young black women in subsidized public housing in Chicago
Survey data indicate that young Black female smokers living in public housing are heavier smokers and have weaker motivation to quit, health beliefs and social environment less conducive to cessation, and less knowledge of where to get help to quit than other young Black female smokers in metropolitan Chicago. Compared with White women, the latter, other Black women smoke fewer cigarettes daily and have a stronger desire to quit and more concern …
The second Chicago televised smoking cessation program
OBJECTIVES. As smoking decreases in the population, the remaining smoking population will change, and cessation initiatives will have to incorporate strategies designed for these smokers. METHODS. To study patterns of response to a cessation intervention composed of 20 televised segments and the American Lung Association Freedom from Smoking in 20 Days manual, this study compared cessation rates over 24 months in a cohort of smokers who registere…
Innovation in an Interorganizational Context
The Eradication of Smallpox
Approaching Health Disparities From a Population Perspective
Addressing health disparities has been a national challenge for decades. The National Institutes of Health-sponsored Centers for Population Health and Health Disparities are the first federal initiative to support transdisciplinary multilevel research on the determinants of health disparities. Their novel research approach combines population, clinical, and basic science to elucidate the complex determinants of health disparities. The centers are…
Work site group meetings and the effectiveness of a televised smoking cessation intervention
At the work site, smoking accounts for increased health care expenses and worker absenteeism due to smoking-related illness and reduced productivity and lost wages. Developing comprehensive and accessible smoking cessation programs at the work site is an important objective for health care professionals. In this study, employees of 43 corporations participated in a televised smoking cessation program accompanied by self-help manuals. The media co…
The Utility of Intervening Constructs in Experiments
The interpretation of experimental manipulations and the precise relation. ship of that interpretation to the observed effects are two major problems facing experimental procedures designed to test social theory. The results of the present study indicate that careful measurement of intervening attitudinal constructs is useful in dealing with these problems. Not only is the predictive power of the experimental model increased, but theoretical assu…
Social and Psychological Correlates of Smoking Behavior Among Black Women
This paper reports a study offactors associated with smoking behavior among black ferqales. One purpose of the study was to test the applicability of a conceptualization of the process of cessation that combined two of the most commonly applied theoretical approaches used by other researchers in the field. A second goal was to ascertain the factors that best differentiated among four patterns of smoking behavior: continuous smoking, continuous sm…
Smoking-related behavior, beliefs, and social environment of young black women in subsidized public housing in Chicago
Survey data indicate that young Black female smokers living in public housing are heavier smokers and have weaker motivation to quit, health beliefs and social environment less conducive to cessation, and less knowledge of where to get help to quit than other young Black female smokers in metropolitan Chicago. Compared with White women, the latter, other Black women smoke fewer cigarettes daily and have a stronger desire to quit and more concern …
The second Chicago televised smoking cessation program
OBJECTIVES. As smoking decreases in the population, the remaining smoking population will change, and cessation initiatives will have to incorporate strategies designed for these smokers. METHODS. To study patterns of response to a cessation intervention composed of 20 televised segments and the American Lung Association Freedom from Smoking in 20 Days manual, this study compared cessation rates over 24 months in a cohort of smokers who registere…
Changes in Self-Efficacy and Readiness for Smoking Cessation among Women with High School or Less Education
The most common theory of smoking cessation postulates that readiness to quit begins with changes in attitudes that move the smoker toward behavioral change and eventual cessation. However, trends in smoking indicate that many who currently smoke are not ready to quit. Hence, strategies that both enhance readiness and focus on quitting are likely to be most effective. We hypothesize that an intervention addressed to motivating behavior change wil…
Results of an intervention to improve compliance with referrals for evaluation of suspected malignancies at neighborhood public health centers
A study was conducted at Neighborhood Health Centers to evaluate procedures to improve compliance with referrals of patient at risk for cancer. Intervention consisted of a standardized communication from the exit nurse, a patient form to be returned after compliance, and one written and one telephone reminder as needed. Compliance was 68.2 percent in a control group and 89.0 percent among patients who received the experimental intervention, a sig…
Economic, racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer in the US
Characteristics of Mammography Facility Locations and Stage of Breast Cancer at Diagnosis in Chicago
A National Survey of Tobacco Cessation Programs for Youths
Objectives. We collected data on a national sample of existing community-based tobacco cessation programs for youths to understand their prevalence and overall characteristics. Methods. We employed a 2-stage sampling design with US counties as the first-stage probability sampling units. We then used snowball sampling in selected counties to identify administrators of tobacco cessation programs for youths. We collected data on cessation programs w…
Avoiding Free Care at All Costs
Dimensions of Mail Questionnaires and Response Quality
Les AA. estiment que les questionnaires de petite dimension sont des instruments d'enquete moins efficaces que les formulaires standards. Lire et completer un petit document n'offre pas l'avantage de paraitre, aux yeux des enquetes, comme une tâche plus modeste. En revanche l'utilisation de grands formulaires peut donner l'impression de participer a une recherche importante. Ceci peut inciter les individus a repondre aux questions des enqueteurs.…
Building Cross-Institutional Collaborative Infrastructure and Processes
Large-scale collaborative research and education projects across institutions can be challenging, particularly when establishing a working infrastructure and aligning priorities. However, the benefit of establishing key processes in the early years of the collaborative process can lead to high-quality research output, impact, and a sustainable partnership
Examining the Effectiveness of a Community‐Based Self‐Help Program to Increase Women's Readiness for Smoking Cessation
This study investigated the effectiveness of two components of a smoking cessation intervention: a reading manual and a series of televised programs. Female smokers in the Chicago metropolitan area with a high school education or less were interviewed at 4 different times: baseline, immediate postintervention, and 6 and 12 months. We examined the effects of several baseline measures (race, age, number of cigarettes smoked, and stage of readiness …
Buddy Support among Older Smokers in a Smoking Cessation Program
Use of buddy support in a minimal-contact smoking cessation program using a manual and television segments was assessed among 313 participants aged 50 and older. Almost one fourth engaged a buddy, and those aged 50 to 59 were more likely to have engaged a buddy than those 60 and older. Having a buddy was associated with better use of the manual among both age groups. Participants who needed help from others to quit smoking were less likely to hav…
Health Behavior Changes Through Television
We assess the role played by two types of self-selection in accounting for the influence of a television series on smoking cessation. De facto selection is based on respondents' regular channel viewing habits that can expose them to the series. Motivated self-selection takes place when viewers deliberately select to watch television programming because it meets their desire to quit smoking. Self-selection also can be viewed as a methodological ar…
One year follow-up of the Chicago televised smoking cessation program
We compared the relative effectiveness of four different conditions of self-help and social support provided to people attempting to quit smoking in conjunction with a televised cessation program: Smokers ready to quit were able to request written manuals from hardware stores to accompany a televised program. At worksites we provided the written manual to all workers. At a random half of the worksites, we also provided training to discussion lead…
Social psychological correlates of health behavior
Non-intellectual Factors Related Attrition from a Collegiate Nursing Program
The focus of this study is to conceptualize the problem of attrition in terms of three basic problems the professional school must help the student solve in order to socialize into the nursing role. These problems are defined as: developing an intrinsic commitment to the content of the role, providing a definition of the role broad enough to include the professional orientation, and developing a definition that is compatible with the primary fema…
School phobia and its treatment
Non-intellectual Factors Related Attrition from a Collegiate Nursing Program
The focus of this study is to conceptualize the problem of attrition in terms of three basic problems the professional school must help the student solve in order to socialize into the nursing role. These problems are defined as: developing an intrinsic commitment to the content of the role, providing a definition of the role broad enough to include the professional orientation, and developing a definition that is compatible with the primary fema…
The Utility of Intervening Constructs in Experiments
The interpretation of experimental manipulations and the precise relation. ship of that interpretation to the observed effects are two major problems facing experimental procedures designed to test social theory. The results of the present study indicate that careful measurement of intervening attitudinal constructs is useful in dealing with these problems. Not only is the predictive power of the experimental model increased, but theoretical assu…
Testing Typological Hypotheses
Though it has played an important role in sociological inquiry, typological research has been criticized on two major issues. Theorists have been critical of the tendency to reify theoretical concepts by treating them as if they were directly observable; quantitative researchers have been critical of the tendency among typologists toward oversimplification of measurment. The basic thesis of this paper is that both issues are related to the failur…
Health Guides as Influentials in Central Buffalo
Data from interviews with Health Guides and a community sample of respondents from inner-city areas where the Health Guides worked are examined and indicate: (a) that Health Guides are similar to influentials found infields other than health and (b) that through their identification with the community and through the structure of the program, such Health Guides appear to be able to maintain their images and effectiveness as members of the communi…
Social psychological correlates of health behavior
Social and Psychological Correlates of Smoking Behavior Among Black Women
This paper reports a study offactors associated with smoking behavior among black ferqales. One purpose of the study was to test the applicability of a conceptualization of the process of cessation that combined two of the most commonly applied theoretical approaches used by other researchers in the field. A second goal was to ascertain the factors that best differentiated among four patterns of smoking behavior: continuous smoking, continuous sm…
Work site group meetings and the effectiveness of a televised smoking cessation intervention
At the work site, smoking accounts for increased health care expenses and worker absenteeism due to smoking-related illness and reduced productivity and lost wages. Developing comprehensive and accessible smoking cessation programs at the work site is an important objective for health care professionals. In this study, employees of 43 corporations participated in a televised smoking cessation program accompanied by self-help manuals. The media co…
Appraisal of the Event as a Factor in Coping with Malpractice Litigation
The authors designed a study to explore medical malpractice litigation as a stressor, factors that contribute to doctors' appraisal of it, how they actually cope with it, and the potential effects on them and on their mode of practice. We interviewed 51 physicians who had been sued for medical malpractice. Those who identified litigation as their most stressful life event (Group 1, N = 11) experienced significantly more physical and emotional sym…
Ethical Issues in Epidemiologic Research
Class and Health
One year follow-up of the Chicago televised smoking cessation program
We compared the relative effectiveness of four different conditions of self-help and social support provided to people attempting to quit smoking in conjunction with a televised cessation program: Smokers ready to quit were able to request written manuals from hardware stores to accompany a televised program. At worksites we provided the written manual to all workers. At a random half of the worksites, we also provided training to discussion lead…
Innovation in an Interorganizational Context
The Eradication of Smallpox
Results of an intervention to improve compliance with referrals for evaluation of suspected malignancies at neighborhood public health centers
A study was conducted at Neighborhood Health Centers to evaluate procedures to improve compliance with referrals of patient at risk for cancer. Intervention consisted of a standardized communication from the exit nurse, a patient form to be returned after compliance, and one written and one telephone reminder as needed. Compliance was 68.2 percent in a control group and 89.0 percent among patients who received the experimental intervention, a sig…
Smoking-related behavior, beliefs, and social environment of young black women in subsidized public housing in Chicago
Survey data indicate that young Black female smokers living in public housing are heavier smokers and have weaker motivation to quit, health beliefs and social environment less conducive to cessation, and less knowledge of where to get help to quit than other young Black female smokers in metropolitan Chicago. Compared with White women, the latter, other Black women smoke fewer cigarettes daily and have a stronger desire to quit and more concern …
The second Chicago televised smoking cessation program
OBJECTIVES. As smoking decreases in the population, the remaining smoking population will change, and cessation initiatives will have to incorporate strategies designed for these smokers. METHODS. To study patterns of response to a cessation intervention composed of 20 televised segments and the American Lung Association Freedom from Smoking in 20 Days manual, this study compared cessation rates over 24 months in a cohort of smokers who registere…
Dimensions of Mail Questionnaires and Response Quality
Les AA. estiment que les questionnaires de petite dimension sont des instruments d'enquete moins efficaces que les formulaires standards. Lire et completer un petit document n'offre pas l'avantage de paraitre, aux yeux des enquetes, comme une tâche plus modeste. En revanche l'utilisation de grands formulaires peut donner l'impression de participer a une recherche importante. Ceci peut inciter les individus a repondre aux questions des enqueteurs.…
Health Behavior Changes Through Television
We assess the role played by two types of self-selection in accounting for the influence of a television series on smoking cessation. De facto selection is based on respondents' regular channel viewing habits that can expose them to the series. Motivated self-selection takes place when viewers deliberately select to watch television programming because it meets their desire to quit smoking. Self-selection also can be viewed as a methodological ar…
Buddy Support among Older Smokers in a Smoking Cessation Program
Use of buddy support in a minimal-contact smoking cessation program using a manual and television segments was assessed among 313 participants aged 50 and older. Almost one fourth engaged a buddy, and those aged 50 to 59 were more likely to have engaged a buddy than those 60 and older. Having a buddy was associated with better use of the manual among both age groups. Participants who needed help from others to quit smoking were less likely to hav…
Readiness of Older Adults to Stop Smoking in a Televised Intervention
Smokers aged 60 and older who enrolled in a televised smoking cessation program were compared with older smokers in the target population, using data from telephone interviews. Multiple logistic regressions identified factors that differentiated older smokers at various stages of readiness to quit. Within the target population, smokers planning to quit someday (N = 238) were more likely to have had greater concern about health effects of smoking …
Examining the Effectiveness of a Community‐Based Self‐Help Program to Increase Women's Readiness for Smoking Cessation
This study investigated the effectiveness of two components of a smoking cessation intervention: a reading manual and a series of televised programs. Female smokers in the Chicago metropolitan area with a high school education or less were interviewed at 4 different times: baseline, immediate postintervention, and 6 and 12 months. We examined the effects of several baseline measures (race, age, number of cigarettes smoked, and stage of readiness …
Changes in Self-Efficacy and Readiness for Smoking Cessation among Women with High School or Less Education
The most common theory of smoking cessation postulates that readiness to quit begins with changes in attitudes that move the smoker toward behavioral change and eventual cessation. However, trends in smoking indicate that many who currently smoke are not ready to quit. Hence, strategies that both enhance readiness and focus on quitting are likely to be most effective. We hypothesize that an intervention addressed to motivating behavior change wil…
Cross-Cultural Interviewing
Improving the self reporting of tobacco use
The tobacco specific survey introduction is causing some smokers to deny their tobacco use. The data suggest that these smokers tend to be women that smoked occasionally. A desire by the participants to minimise their personal time costs or a growing social disapproval of tobacco use in the USA may be contributing to the creation of previously undetected survey artefacts in the measurement of tobacco related behaviours
Medicine (29 works) · Psychology (22 works) · Public health (13 works) · Smoking Behavior and Cessation (13 works) · Demography (11 works) · Environmental health (11 works) · Gerontology (11 works) · Political science (11 works) · Computer Science (10 works) · Nursing (10 works)