L Madrigal
Biographic Data
| ID | 111561 |
|---|---|
| NAME | L Madrigal |
| GIVEN NAMES | L |
| FAMILY NAME | Madrigal |
| SIGNATURE | MADRIGAL L |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of South Florida |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0788-3558 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 25 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Genetic Ancestry Reveals Historical Diversity of Formation Across Three Brazilian Communities of African Descent ( Quilombos ) in Central Brazil
Introduction Characterized as relatively isolated communities, many Brazilian quilombos were formed during the period of slavery in Brazil when enslaved persons (most of African descent) ran away or were abandoned by their enslavers. Quilombos in Central Brazil, whose settlement was more recent due to the relative isolation of the region, remain understudied. To address this gap, this study estimated the genetic ancestry of three quilombo communi…
The Fertility Effects of the C677T Mutation in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene: A Cross‐Site Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Cardiovascular risk factors across different levels of urbanization in Brazilian Afro‐derived communities ( quilombos )
OBJECTIVES: The frequency of cardiovascular diseases has increased throughout the world. People of African descent have been disproportionately affected, particularly if they reside in urban settings. In this work, we evaluate risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other chronic diseases in rural and urban Afro-derived communities (quilombo) in Central Brazil. We also determine if there are associations between the frequen…
The distribution in native populations from Mexico and Central America of the C677T variant in the MTHFR gene
The native people of Central America and Mexico evolved high frequencies of an allele which has been shown to produce deleterious clinical effects including neural tube effects, cardiovascular events, and cancer. This allele has a clinal distribution in the region, perhaps associated with solar irradiation. As (Contreras-Cubas et al., 2016) noted, the traditional diet of these populations, which is high in folate, has likely mitigated the negativ…
Migration in Brazilian Afro-Descendants Communities: A New Approach to Illustrate the Meaning of Contemporary Quilombo
As populações Afro-descendentes na América Latina são heterogêneas em sua história, cultura e ancestralidade genética. No Brasil, essas comunidades são conhecidas como quilombos. Elas foram inicialmente estabelecidas como lugares de resistência à escravidão nas áreas rurais. No entanto, outros foram formados como resultado de um processo de imigração recente. Com isso, iniciou-se uma discussão sobre como todos esses grupos populacionais se encaix…
Relationships among genomic ancestry, clinical manifestations, socioeconomic status, and skin color of people with sickle cell disease in the State of Pará, Amazonia, Brazil
In Brazil about 3500 children are born annually with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). In the State of Pará, Amazonia, the prevalence is 1%. This article analyzes the Genomic Ancestry (GA) of patients attending the Regional Blood Center in the capital, Belém, in relation to sex, age, clinical manifestations, income, racism, and skin color. Samples were collected from 60 patients (11− 46 years, 34 of them female), and each individual was analyzed for 61 …
Early maturity, shortened stature, and hardship: Can life‐history trade‐offs indicate social stratification and income inequality in the United States
OBJECTIVE: Life-history strategies promote reproductive fitness and survival. Limited energy availability and competing energetic demands between life-history decisions may result in organismal trade-offs leading to selection for "optimal" traits that facilitate fitness and survival in present environmental conditions. Few life-history analyses have been conducted in food abundant/high resource human populations. Here, we use a life-history theor…
American Journal Of Human Biology, Volume 28, Issue 6, November/December 2016
s Corporate Citizenship initiative seeks to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges faced
Women who deliver twins are more likely to smoke and have high frequencies of specific SNPs: Results from a sample of African–American women who delivered preterm, low birth weight babies
OBJECTIVES: We examine if there are genetic and environmental differences between mothers of singleton and multiple pregnancies in a sample of African-American mothers. METHODS: We focus on genomic areas suggested to increase or decrease the odds of multiple pregnancies. We computed the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for each SNP unadjusted or adjusted with smoking. SNPs' allelic differences between mothers of multiple pregn…
A Mitochondrial Haplogroup Is Associated with Decreased Longevity in a Historic New World Population
Interest in mitochondrial influences on extended longevity has been mounting, as evidenced by a growing literature. Such work has demonstrated that some haplogroups are associated with increased longevity and that such associations are population specific. Most previous work, however, suffers from the methodological shortcoming that long-lived individuals are compared with "controls" who are born decades after the aged individuals. The only true …
High mitochondrial mutation rates estimated from deep‐rooting costa rican pedigrees
Estimates of mutation rates for the noncoding hypervariable Region I (HVR‐I) of mitochondrial DNA vary widely, depending on whether they are inferred from phylogenies (assuming that molecular evolution is clock‐like) or directly from pedigrees. All pedigree‐based studies so far were conducted on populations of European origin. In this article, we analyzed 19 deep‐rooting pedigrees in a population of mixed origin in Costa Rica. We calculated two e…
Mitochondrial polymorphisms associated with differential longevity do not impact lifetime‐reproductive success
Obesity, Hypertension, and Migration: A Meta-Analysis of Populations of the South Asian Diaspora
The effects of migration on human health have been a topic of interest for demographers and human biologists. Even if migrants to a new region achieve a higher standard of living in their new place of residence, their improved living conditions may not be associated with better health. Part of the difficulty of understanding the health consequences of migration is the complications in trying to control for variables that may affect health, such a…
Grandmothers' longevity negatively affects daughters' fertility
The evolution of postmenopausal longevity in human females has been the subject of debate. Specifically, there is disagreement about whether the evolution of the trait should be understood as an adaptive or a neutral process, and if the former, what the selective mechanism is. There are two main adaptive proposals to explain the evolution of postreproductive longevity: the grandmother and the mother hypotheses. The grandmother hypothesis proposes…
Human skin‐color sexual dimorphism: A test of the sexual selection hypothesis
Applied to skin color, the sexual selection hypothesis proposes that male preference for light‐skinned females explains the presence of light skin in areas of low solar radiation. According to this proposal, in areas of high solar radiation, natural selection for dark skin overrides the universal preference of males for light females. But in areas in which natural selection ceases to act, sexual selection becomes more important, and causes human …
Indentured migration and differential gender gene flow: The origin and evolution of the East‐Indian community of Limón, Costa Rica
After the emancipation of African slaves in the Caribbean, the labor void left by out‐migrating former slaves was filled by in‐migrating indentured servants from prepartition India and China. In some areas of the Caribbean such as Trinidad, Suriname, and Guyana, the East‐Indian migrants formed large communities. In this article, we report a study based on mtDNA and Y‐chromosomal markers of a small East‐Indian community from Limón, Costa Rica. The…
Human skin‐color sexual dimorphism: A test of the sexual selection hypothesis. Reply to Frost (2007)
The East Indian Diaspora in Costa Rica: Inbreeding Avoidance, Marriage Patterns, and Cultural Survival
Anthropologists have long been interested in the survival of Indian cultural traits in the New World. In this article, we present results of an ongoing project with a Costa Rican community that descends from East Indian indentured servants. We focus on the group's marriage patterns and how these patterns might have helped keep the community as a cohesive ethnic group. We investigate the group's level of inbreeding by computing the inbreeding coef…
Human Biology of Afro-Caribbean Populations
A comprehensive study of the microevolution of Caribbean populations of African descent, this 2006 book reviews the conditions endured by the slaves during their passage and in the plantations and how these conditions may have affected their own health and that of their descendants. Providing an evolutionary framework for understanding the epidemiology of common modern-day diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes, it also looks at infe…
Human Biology Association Abstracts
Human population dynamics: Cross‐disciplinary perspectives
Heritability and anthropometric influences on human fertility
This study researched the impact of anthropometrics and size‐of‐family of orientation on women's fertility by using path analysis. The data were collected as part of the anthropological study conducted in Ireland by Harvard University personnel before the Second World War. The women included in this analysis were all over age 49 and were either married or widowed at the time of the survey. Our results indicate that the heritability of fertility i…
Widow and widower remarriage: An analysis in a rural 19th century Costa Rican population and a cross‐cultural discussion
Although the topic of remarriage features saliently in the cultural anthropological literature, it is virtually absent in the biological anthropology journals. This is perplexing, given that remarriage affects the differential reproductive success of males and females in a community, and could well impact a community's population structure. In this paper, we research remarriage practices in a rural 19th century community in Costa Rica. Although w…
Epidemic Cycles in Agricultural Populations: A Cross-Cultural Study
A cross-cultural analysis of mortality patterns is of interest to biological anthropologists and genetic epidemiologists. In this paper, we examine four agricultural populations from Costa Rica, Hungary, and the United States in order to determine if they suffered from a cyclical distribution of epidemics. When possible, we look at the mortality time series of adults and children separately. Of the 2 series, only 2 show significant epidemic cycle…
Biology of Plagues: Evidence from Historical Populations (review)
The names of Susan Scott and Christopher Duncan need no introduction for those of us interested in time series analysis of epidemics. Indeed, their 1998 book titled Human Demography and Disease is an excellent source on spectral analysis of time series, one that I consult frequently. However, the title of their newest book, Biology of Plagues, is somewhatmisleading, since it deals with epidemics during a specific time and place, namely, Western E…
Grandmothers' longevity negatively affects daughters' fertility
The evolution of postmenopausal longevity in human females has been the subject of debate. Specifically, there is disagreement about whether the evolution of the trait should be understood as an adaptive or a neutral process, and if the former, what the selective mechanism is. There are two main adaptive proposals to explain the evolution of postreproductive longevity: the grandmother and the mother hypotheses. The grandmother hypothesis proposes…
The East Indian Diaspora in Costa Rica: Inbreeding Avoidance, Marriage Patterns, and Cultural Survival
Anthropologists have long been interested in the survival of Indian cultural traits in the New World. In this article, we present results of an ongoing project with a Costa Rican community that descends from East Indian indentured servants. We focus on the group's marriage patterns and how these patterns might have helped keep the community as a cohesive ethnic group. We investigate the group's level of inbreeding by computing the inbreeding coef…
Indentured migration and differential gender gene flow: The origin and evolution of the East‐Indian community of Limón, Costa Rica
After the emancipation of African slaves in the Caribbean, the labor void left by out‐migrating former slaves was filled by in‐migrating indentured servants from prepartition India and China. In some areas of the Caribbean such as Trinidad, Suriname, and Guyana, the East‐Indian migrants formed large communities. In this article, we report a study based on mtDNA and Y‐chromosomal markers of a small East‐Indian community from Limón, Costa Rica. The…
Epidemic Cycles in Agricultural Populations: A Cross-Cultural Study
A cross-cultural analysis of mortality patterns is of interest to biological anthropologists and genetic epidemiologists. In this paper, we examine four agricultural populations from Costa Rica, Hungary, and the United States in order to determine if they suffered from a cyclical distribution of epidemics. When possible, we look at the mortality time series of adults and children separately. Of the 2 series, only 2 show significant epidemic cycle…
High mitochondrial mutation rates estimated from deep‐rooting costa rican pedigrees
Estimates of mutation rates for the noncoding hypervariable Region I (HVR‐I) of mitochondrial DNA vary widely, depending on whether they are inferred from phylogenies (assuming that molecular evolution is clock‐like) or directly from pedigrees. All pedigree‐based studies so far were conducted on populations of European origin. In this article, we analyzed 19 deep‐rooting pedigrees in a population of mixed origin in Costa Rica. We calculated two e…
Obesity, Hypertension, and Migration: A Meta-Analysis of Populations of the South Asian Diaspora
The effects of migration on human health have been a topic of interest for demographers and human biologists. Even if migrants to a new region achieve a higher standard of living in their new place of residence, their improved living conditions may not be associated with better health. Part of the difficulty of understanding the health consequences of migration is the complications in trying to control for variables that may affect health, such a…
Human skin‐color sexual dimorphism: A test of the sexual selection hypothesis. Reply to Frost (2007)
Widow and widower remarriage: An analysis in a rural 19th century Costa Rican population and a cross‐cultural discussion
Although the topic of remarriage features saliently in the cultural anthropological literature, it is virtually absent in the biological anthropology journals. This is perplexing, given that remarriage affects the differential reproductive success of males and females in a community, and could well impact a community's population structure. In this paper, we research remarriage practices in a rural 19th century community in Costa Rica. Although w…
Intrahousehold allocation of resources in larger and smaller Mexican households
Menarcheal age and spontaneous abortion: Further evidence for a connection
This paper examines the association between menarcheal age and risk of spontaneous abortion with a data set collected in Limon, Costa Rica. The Limonense sample differs from those previously reported in terms of age, socioeconomic and ethnic background. Thus, the sample is excellent to test whether menarcheal age and risk of miscarriage are associated in a nonindustrialized group as they appear to be in industrialized samples. Females who experie…
The reliability of recalled estimates of menarcheal age in a sample of older women
The accuracy of recalled age at first menses has been questioned, particularly if subjects are relatively old. This paper illustrates the use of a statistical technique that quantifies the reliability of recalled age at menarche based on re‐interview of a small (15–20) subsample of subjects. Menarcheal age collected with the retrospective method in a sample of 108 females, 50 years of age and older, from Limón, Costa Rica, is reliable
Intrahousehold allocation of resources in larger and smaller Mexican households
Twinning rates in admixed Costa Rican populations
The frequency of twinning in two admixed Costa Rican groups of women from the Limón province was investigated. One group was self‐classified as Black, and the other group was self‐classified as White. The twinning rate for each group was computed as the number of twin maternities divided by the total number of confinements multiplied by 1,000. Both groups have virtually identical twinning rates, even though Black subjects were expected to have hi…
Frequency of twinning in two Costa Rican ethnic groups: An update
Variation in the frequency of twinning among human populations has been presumed to reflect genetic differences. It has been commonly reported that populations of African ancestry have the highest, those of Asian ancestry the lowest, and those of European and Middle-Eastern ancestry intermediate frequencies of twinning. Populations from the Americas have been reported to have intermediate twinning frequencies, presumably reflecting their admixtur…
Ethnicity, gene flow, and population subdivision in Lim n, Costa Rica
In this paper we examine the effects of ethnicity on the gene flow between two groups living in Limón, Costa Rica. Our main interest is to determine if ethnicity has acted as a barrier to the exchange of genes, and if the groups have remained distinct genetically. We report the admixture estimates, F(st) values, and inbreeding coefficients of the two samples. The data consist of blood samples and surnames obtained from 375 individuals. The subjec…
Biology of Plagues: Evidence from Historical Populations (review)
The names of Susan Scott and Christopher Duncan need no introduction for those of us interested in time series analysis of epidemics. Indeed, their 1998 book titled Human Demography and Disease is an excellent source on spectral analysis of time series, one that I consult frequently. However, the title of their newest book, Biology of Plagues, is somewhatmisleading, since it deals with epidemics during a specific time and place, namely, Western E…
Human population dynamics: Cross‐disciplinary perspectives
Heritability and anthropometric influences on human fertility
This study researched the impact of anthropometrics and size‐of‐family of orientation on women's fertility by using path analysis. The data were collected as part of the anthropological study conducted in Ireland by Harvard University personnel before the Second World War. The women included in this analysis were all over age 49 and were either married or widowed at the time of the survey. Our results indicate that the heritability of fertility i…
Widow and widower remarriage: An analysis in a rural 19th century Costa Rican population and a cross‐cultural discussion
Although the topic of remarriage features saliently in the cultural anthropological literature, it is virtually absent in the biological anthropology journals. This is perplexing, given that remarriage affects the differential reproductive success of males and females in a community, and could well impact a community's population structure. In this paper, we research remarriage practices in a rural 19th century community in Costa Rica. Although w…
Epidemic Cycles in Agricultural Populations: A Cross-Cultural Study
A cross-cultural analysis of mortality patterns is of interest to biological anthropologists and genetic epidemiologists. In this paper, we examine four agricultural populations from Costa Rica, Hungary, and the United States in order to determine if they suffered from a cyclical distribution of epidemics. When possible, we look at the mortality time series of adults and children separately. Of the 2 series, only 2 show significant epidemic cycle…
Human Biology Association Abstracts
Human Biology of Afro-Caribbean Populations
A comprehensive study of the microevolution of Caribbean populations of African descent, this 2006 book reviews the conditions endured by the slaves during their passage and in the plantations and how these conditions may have affected their own health and that of their descendants. Providing an evolutionary framework for understanding the epidemiology of common modern-day diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes, it also looks at infe…
Human skin‐color sexual dimorphism: A test of the sexual selection hypothesis
Applied to skin color, the sexual selection hypothesis proposes that male preference for light‐skinned females explains the presence of light skin in areas of low solar radiation. According to this proposal, in areas of high solar radiation, natural selection for dark skin overrides the universal preference of males for light females. But in areas in which natural selection ceases to act, sexual selection becomes more important, and causes human …
Indentured migration and differential gender gene flow: The origin and evolution of the East‐Indian community of Limón, Costa Rica
After the emancipation of African slaves in the Caribbean, the labor void left by out‐migrating former slaves was filled by in‐migrating indentured servants from prepartition India and China. In some areas of the Caribbean such as Trinidad, Suriname, and Guyana, the East‐Indian migrants formed large communities. In this article, we report a study based on mtDNA and Y‐chromosomal markers of a small East‐Indian community from Limón, Costa Rica. The…
Human skin‐color sexual dimorphism: A test of the sexual selection hypothesis. Reply to Frost (2007)
The East Indian Diaspora in Costa Rica: Inbreeding Avoidance, Marriage Patterns, and Cultural Survival
Anthropologists have long been interested in the survival of Indian cultural traits in the New World. In this article, we present results of an ongoing project with a Costa Rican community that descends from East Indian indentured servants. We focus on the group's marriage patterns and how these patterns might have helped keep the community as a cohesive ethnic group. We investigate the group's level of inbreeding by computing the inbreeding coef…
Grandmothers' longevity negatively affects daughters' fertility
The evolution of postmenopausal longevity in human females has been the subject of debate. Specifically, there is disagreement about whether the evolution of the trait should be understood as an adaptive or a neutral process, and if the former, what the selective mechanism is. There are two main adaptive proposals to explain the evolution of postreproductive longevity: the grandmother and the mother hypotheses. The grandmother hypothesis proposes…
Mitochondrial polymorphisms associated with differential longevity do not impact lifetime‐reproductive success
Obesity, Hypertension, and Migration: A Meta-Analysis of Populations of the South Asian Diaspora
The effects of migration on human health have been a topic of interest for demographers and human biologists. Even if migrants to a new region achieve a higher standard of living in their new place of residence, their improved living conditions may not be associated with better health. Part of the difficulty of understanding the health consequences of migration is the complications in trying to control for variables that may affect health, such a…
High mitochondrial mutation rates estimated from deep‐rooting costa rican pedigrees
Estimates of mutation rates for the noncoding hypervariable Region I (HVR‐I) of mitochondrial DNA vary widely, depending on whether they are inferred from phylogenies (assuming that molecular evolution is clock‐like) or directly from pedigrees. All pedigree‐based studies so far were conducted on populations of European origin. In this article, we analyzed 19 deep‐rooting pedigrees in a population of mixed origin in Costa Rica. We calculated two e…
A Mitochondrial Haplogroup Is Associated with Decreased Longevity in a Historic New World Population
Interest in mitochondrial influences on extended longevity has been mounting, as evidenced by a growing literature. Such work has demonstrated that some haplogroups are associated with increased longevity and that such associations are population specific. Most previous work, however, suffers from the methodological shortcoming that long-lived individuals are compared with "controls" who are born decades after the aged individuals. The only true …
Women who deliver twins are more likely to smoke and have high frequencies of specific SNPs: Results from a sample of African–American women who delivered preterm, low birth weight babies
OBJECTIVES: We examine if there are genetic and environmental differences between mothers of singleton and multiple pregnancies in a sample of African-American mothers. METHODS: We focus on genomic areas suggested to increase or decrease the odds of multiple pregnancies. We computed the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for each SNP unadjusted or adjusted with smoking. SNPs' allelic differences between mothers of multiple pregn…
American Journal Of Human Biology, Volume 28, Issue 6, November/December 2016
s Corporate Citizenship initiative seeks to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges faced
Early maturity, shortened stature, and hardship: Can life‐history trade‐offs indicate social stratification and income inequality in the United States
OBJECTIVE: Life-history strategies promote reproductive fitness and survival. Limited energy availability and competing energetic demands between life-history decisions may result in organismal trade-offs leading to selection for "optimal" traits that facilitate fitness and survival in present environmental conditions. Few life-history analyses have been conducted in food abundant/high resource human populations. Here, we use a life-history theor…
Demography (21 works) · Sociology (21 works) · Population (15 works) · Biology (14 works) · Geography (11 works) · Genetics (9 works) · Anthropology (7 works) · History (7 works) · Medicine (7 works) · Demography (6 works)