J D Speth
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 11240 |
|---|---|
| NOME | J D Speth |
| PRENOMES | J D |
| SOBRENOME | Speth |
| ASSINATURA | SPETH J D |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8166-7899 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 64 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 1212 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 64 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1971 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
Did Clovis foragers hunt megafauna, scavenge their carrion, or both – And can we tell the difference
There are currently 15 well-documented Late Pleistocene localities in North America in which Clovis points are found associated with proboscidean remains. These localities are routinely assumed to represent evidence that Clovis foragers hunted proboscideans, and in turn are often invoked as evidence for a human role in the extinction of Pleistocene large mammals. Such assumptions have never been thoroughly tested, nor have archaeologists fully co…
Modern human origins
As proxies for the emergence of "modern human behavior," archaeologists typically rely on changes in technological complexity and/or the first appearance of symbolic items or practices. In this paper, I examine both approaches and conclude that neither, as currently envisioned, is likely to provide the answers archaeologists seek. Technological complexity is always a work in progress, and deciding where to place the boundary between "pre-modern" …
Mid- to northern latitude hunting economies
Mid- to northern latitude hunting peoples could not consume more than ~300 g of protein per day (~1,200 kcal). Exceeding that limit could lead within a week or two to a debilitating, even lethal condition known as "rabbit starvation." The remaining energy deficit had to be filled using non-protein sources, mostly animal fat. To minimize the risk of rabbit starvation, hunting peoples typically consumed diets in which protein remained well below 30…
Human membership in the large carnivore guild
Conventional wisdom holds that when humans began acquiring meat on a regular basis, whether by hunting or by scavenging, they became part of the large carnivore guild and, as a consequence, faced greatly increased levels of potentially life-threatening competition with other predators. This paper offers an alternative view based on fundamental nutritional and metabolic differences between humans, who are descended from primates of largely vegetar…
Jeffrey R. Parsons (October 9, 1939–march 19, 2021)
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The Study of Hunter-Gatherers in the American Southwest
The archaeological record of the Southwest documents the presence of hunter-gatherers in the region for over nine millennia, extending from at least as early as Clovis times well into the Christian era. The close and inevitable dependence of southwestern archaeology on insights drawn from ethnology has been evident for decades. Given the time-depth and richness of the southwestern archaeological record, the study of the region&s;s prehistoric for…
Neanderthals, vitamin C, and scurvy”
Hunting Pressure, Subsistence Intensification, and Demographic Change in the Levantine Late Middle Paleolithic
Years of communal bison hunting in western North America
For the past 13,000 years Indians in the North American Great Plains hunted bison (Bison bison and B. antiquus) in large communally organized drive operations. This chapter briefly describes the taxonomy of fossil and living bison, the behaviour of modern bison, and what is known from ethnohistoric and archaeological sources about the ways that Indians conducted these drives, including the use of foot surrounds, cliff jumps, arroyo traps, and pou…
Stratégies de subsistance et fonction de site au Paléolithique moyen récent
La longue séquence moustérienne de la grotte de Kébara (Mt Carmel, Israël) permet de s’interroger sur la place que ce site a pu jouer dans l’organisation des territoires sur une période de 12 000 ans environ à la fin du Paléolithique moyen. Les études interdisciplinaires réalisées dans ce site à la suite des fouilles dirigées par O. Bar-Yosef et B. Vandermeersch entre 1982 et 1990 mettent en évidence des changements dans les comportements de subs…
Middle Palaeolithic Diets
This chapter examines the evidence for diet amongst Middle Palaeolithic foragers in Europe and south-west Asia from c. 300,000 to 40,000 years ago, concentrating on faunal and isotopic approaches. Published faunal evidence shows that Middle Palaeolithic hominins in both regions hunted a relatively narrow range of medium- to large-sized ungulates, with occasional exploitation of megaherbivores more evident in open sites than in caves and rockshelt…
Introduction
Middle Paleolithic Large-Mammal Hunting in the Southern Levant
Thoughts about hunting
Middle Palaeolithic subsistence in the Near East
This paper presents an overview of major trends and contributions of faunal studies to our understanding of Neanderthal and anatomically modern human lifeways and adaptations in the Near East. Prior to the 1980s, Near Eastern Middle Palaeolithic zooarchaeology served primarily as an adjunct discipline, a largely palaeontological means of reconstructing palaeoenvironments and as a tool for determining the relative age of sites. Faunal reports were…
Spatial organization of Middle Paleolithic occupation X in Kebara Cave (Israel)
Big-Game Hunting
The Other Side of Protein
Protein and Taste
Protein and Breast Milk
Protein and Pregnancy
DHA and the Developing Brain
Were Big-Game Hunters Targeting Fat?
Other Problems with High-Protein Intakes
Fat in Infancy
Energy source, protein metabolism, and hunter-gatherer subsistence strategies
The Excavations in Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel [and Comments and Replies]
This paper summarizes the results of recent excavations (1982-90) at the Middle Paleolithic site of Kebara Cave. Work at the cave by earlier excavators is also discussed. Although analysis of the Kebara materials is still far from completed, an overview of the current stage of the investigations includes (1) a synthesis of the site's complex stratigraphy and dating; (2) a description of the spatial patterning of hearths, ash lenses, and bone and …
Early hominid hunting and scavenging
Hunting and overhunting in the Levantine Late Middle Palaeolithic
We examine the larger mammals from late Middle Palaeolithic Kebara Cave (Israel), and offer eight principal conclusions concerning Neanderthal hunting activities at the site. (1) Regardless of prey size, most procurement was by hunting, not scavenging. The major prey were gazelle and fallow deer, but also aurochs, red deer, and boar. (2) Hunting was seasonal, with most hunts in winter and/or spring. (3) Hunters took male and female deer in simila…
Early hominid subsistence strategies in seasonal habitats
The Paleoanthropology and Archaeology of Big-Game Hunting
Spatial organization of Middle Paleolithic occupation X in Kebara Cave (Israel)
Middle Palaeolithic subsistence in the Near East
This paper presents an overview of major trends and contributions of faunal studies to our understanding of Neanderthal and anatomically modern human lifeways and adaptations in the Near East. Prior to the 1980s, Near Eastern Middle Palaeolithic zooarchaeology served primarily as an adjunct discipline, a largely palaeontological means of reconstructing palaeoenvironments and as a tool for determining the relative age of sites. Faunal reports were…
News flash
2004). News flash: Negative evidence convicts Neanderthals of gross mental incompetence. World Archaeology: Vol. 36, Debates in World Archaeology, pp. 519-526
Mechanical Basis of Percussion Flaking
The total variability in archaeological material derives from at least 4 different sources: technological, functional, stylistic, and random variation. Different attributes may be needed to quantify each aspect of the total variability, and the particular attributes that the archaeologist singles out for analysis will determine, to a large extent, the utility and validity of any subsequent typology. At present, there is relatively little theory t…
Middle Paleolithic Tortoise Use at Kebara Cave (Israel)
Thoughts about hunting
Peopling of the New World
The Role of Platform Angle and Core Size in Hard-Hammer Percussion Flaking
Steel balls were dropped on to massive equilateral and right-angle glass prisms in order to investigate the effects of varying platform angle and prism size on the shape and size of hard-hammer percussion flakes. Ball diamėter, drop height, and impact angle were held Constant. For a given platform angle [measured between striking platform and exterior surface of prism or flake], a decrease in the size of the prism is accompanied by a decrease in …
Miscellaneous Studies in Hard-Hammer Percussion Flaking
Steel balls were dropped on to massive glass prisms at an impact angle of 45° in order to determine the effects of oblique impact on several attributes of flake size and flake shape. The results indicate that a flake produced by oblique impact is shorter, but not significantly thinner (except in the immediate area of the cone), than a flake of comparable platform thickness produced by vertical impact
Early Fourth Millennium Developments in Southwestern Iran
Neanderthals, vitamin C, and scurvy”
Kunji Cave
Archaeology
Stratégies de subsistance et fonction de site au Paléolithique moyen récent
La longue séquence moustérienne de la grotte de Kébara (Mt Carmel, Israël) permet de s’interroger sur la place que ce site a pu jouer dans l’organisation des territoires sur une période de 12 000 ans environ à la fin du Paléolithique moyen. Les études interdisciplinaires réalisées dans ce site à la suite des fouilles dirigées par O. Bar-Yosef et B. Vandermeersch entre 1982 et 1990 mettent en évidence des changements dans les comportements de subs…
Do We Need Concepts Like “Mogollon,” “Anasazi,” and “Hohokam” Today? A Cultural Anthropological Perspective
Films. Axes and Are
Years of communal bison hunting in western North America
For the past 13,000 years Indians in the North American Great Plains hunted bison (Bison bison and B. antiquus) in large communally organized drive operations. This chapter briefly describes the taxonomy of fossil and living bison, the behaviour of modern bison, and what is known from ethnohistoric and archaeological sources about the ways that Indians conducted these drives, including the use of foot surrounds, cliff jumps, arroyo traps, and pou…
Arizona Bifaces of Wyoming Chert
Seven bifaces from sites in Arizona and one from New Mexico are so similar in material, form, and workmanship that a single source is inferred. The distinctive raw material is tentatively identified as "Tiger Chert" from southwestern Wyoming. These finds suggest widespread exchange of large bifaces among the pueblos of the late thirteenth to fourteenth centuries, and a previously unrecognized contact to the north
Survey of Excavations in Iran, 1969-70
Wolfram Kleiss, Jahangir Yasi, Murray Nicol, Oscar White Muscarella, Robert H. Dyson, Jr., L. Vanden Berghe, John D. Speth, R. Ghirshman, David Stronach, David Whitehouse, Andrew Williamson, Jean Perrot, Dietrich Huff, C. C. Lamberg-Karlovsky, Survey of Excavations in Iran, 1969-70, Iran, Vol. 9 (1971), pp. 165-183
Survey of Excavations in Iran, 1969–70
Mechanical Basis of Percussion Flaking
The total variability in archaeological material derives from at least 4 different sources: technological, functional, stylistic, and random variation. Different attributes may be needed to quantify each aspect of the total variability, and the particular attributes that the archaeologist singles out for analysis will determine, to a large extent, the utility and validity of any subsequent typology. At present, there is relatively little theory t…
Early Fourth Millennium Developments in Southwestern Iran
Miscellaneous Studies in Hard-Hammer Percussion Flaking
Steel balls were dropped on to massive glass prisms at an impact angle of 45° in order to determine the effects of oblique impact on several attributes of flake size and flake shape. The results indicate that a flake produced by oblique impact is shorter, but not significantly thinner (except in the immediate area of the cone), than a flake of comparable platform thickness produced by vertical impact
Archaeology
Films. Axes and Are
The Role of Platform Angle and Core Size in Hard-Hammer Percussion Flaking
Steel balls were dropped on to massive equilateral and right-angle glass prisms in order to investigate the effects of varying platform angle and prism size on the shape and size of hard-hammer percussion flakes. Ball diamėter, drop height, and impact angle were held Constant. For a given platform angle [measured between striking platform and exterior surface of prism or flake], a decrease in the size of the prism is accompanied by a decrease in …
Energy source, protein metabolism, and hunter-gatherer subsistence strategies
Peopling of the New World
Bison Kills and Bone Counts
Early hominid subsistence strategies in seasonal habitats
Archeology
Lithic Analysis and The Reconstruction of Prehistoric Foraging Economies
JOHN D. SPETH, Lithic Analysis and the Reconstruction of Prehistoric Foraging Economies: Comments on "At the Edge: Terminal Pleistocene Hunter-Gatherers in the Negev and Sinai" by A. Nigel Goring-Morris, Mitekufat Haeven: Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society / מתקופת האבן, כרך כא (תשמ"ט / 1988), pp. 68*-78
Arizona Bifaces of Wyoming Chert
Seven bifaces from sites in Arizona and one from New Mexico are so similar in material, form, and workmanship that a single source is inferred. The distinctive raw material is tentatively identified as "Tiger Chert" from southwestern Wyoming. These finds suggest widespread exchange of large bifaces among the pueblos of the late thirteenth to fourteenth centuries, and a previously unrecognized contact to the north
Do We Need Concepts Like “Mogollon,” “Anasazi,” and “Hohokam” Today? A Cultural Anthropological Perspective
Early hominid hunting and scavenging
Seasonality, resource stress, and food sharing in so-called “egalitarian” foraging societies
The Excavations in Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel [and Comments and Replies]
This paper summarizes the results of recent excavations (1982-90) at the Middle Paleolithic site of Kebara Cave. Work at the cave by earlier excavators is also discussed. Although analysis of the Kebara materials is still far from completed, an overview of the current stage of the investigations includes (1) a synthesis of the site's complex stratigraphy and dating; (2) a description of the spatial patterning of hearths, ash lenses, and bone and …
Honor Among Thieves
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Honor Among Thieves
The Domain of the Calusa
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Koobi Fora research project, volume 5
From 1982 through 1987, the American Foundation for the Study of Man (AFSU) conducted archaeological investigations on or near the ancient biblical spice routes in the Wadi al-Jubah area in eastcentral Yemen.Most of this volume is devoted to pedological and geomorphological research undertaken during the 1987 field season.The primary objective was to demonstrate how pre-Islamic and recent land use, especially flood (seil) irrigation farming, modi…
Koobi Fora research project, volume 5
Plant-animal subsistence ratios and macronutrient energy estimations in worldwide hunter-gatherer diets
Geography (36 obras) · Archaeology (33 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (32 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (27 obras) · Biology (24 obras) · History (24 obras) · History (16 obras) · Ecology (13 obras) · Sociology (11 obras) · Computer Science (10 obras)