Claudia Aradau
Biographic Data
| ID | 112579 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Claudia Aradau |
| GIVEN NAMES | Claudia |
| FAMILY NAME | Aradau |
| SIGNATURE | ARADAU C |
| AFFILIATIONS | King's College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2010-9006 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 70 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1618 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 69 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 18 |
An archive of contestation: Digital surveillance and human–machine recompositions of resistance
This article proposes to make sense of the ‘atmosphere of failure’ diagnosed by key players in the mobilisation against mass surveillance in the United Kingdom. Firstly, by entangling oral history interviews and computational analyses of NGO websites, we recompose an archive of contestation that is not temporally limited to the Snowden ‘moment’. We advance the notion of a ‘discordant machine’ to render the generativity of discordances and surpris…
Motioning the International: Thinking International Relations with Movement
The “mobilities turn” across the social sciences has inspired critical engagements with the movement of people and things in international political sociology, as well as critical international relations (IR) more broadly. Yet, these engagements with the politics of varied (im)mobilities have paid less attention to the theoretical implications of motion, mobility, and movement as analytical and political tools. This article brings together a set …
Making GenAI valuable: Benchmarks, singularities, and the enrichment economy
As investment in Generative AI (GenAI) has reached tens and hundreds of billions, anxieties about an ‘AI bubble’ have been on the rise. This article offers an alternative perspective on how GenAI is made valuable. Drawing on Luc Boltanski and Arnaud Esquerre's economy of enrichment, it argues that benchmarks have become devices of GenAI valuation, which make Large Language Models (LLMs) into singular, exceptional and non-standard objects. Benchma…
(Un)Making mess at Europe's data borders: Order, control, critique
Critical border and migration studies have shown that border practices are often messy, ambiguous, improvised and uncertain, while datafication has amplified messiness and its effects on migrants. Describing ‘mess’ at borders has been a critical intervention against the myth of order, homogeneity, predictability, clarity or efficiency. Yet, ‘mess’ can also open spaces for agency and resisting data borders. What do these ambiguities mean for the c…
Border Agnotologies: Power, Technology, Resistance
The introduction to the Special Issue on Border agnotologies outlines the contributions that the articles gathered here make to the vibrant interdisciplinary conversation between critical scholarship on borders, migration and (in)security, and the field of ignorance studies. By focusing on borders, we have invited authors to explore the specificities of bordering practices in the production and reproduction of knowledge and non-knowledge. Through…
Collecting, assembling, ordering: Border politics and the invisible data work of asylum
This article proposes to understand the ‘invisible data work’ that asylum seekers must do to put together a ‘credible’ asylum application. While the intersections between asylum and work have typically been analysed in relation to access to employment and labour conditions, we attend to the work of collecting, assembling, and ordering different forms of analogue and digital data inherent to the asylum process. Building on feminist interdisciplina…
Postsocialism in International Relations: Method and critique
While postcolonial approaches to International Relations have offered new concepts, methods, and political imaginaries of global politics, postsocialism has been absent as an analytical and political approach. Postsocialism has been mainly a descriptive term naming the temporal transition of the Second World to liberal democracy and market economy or the geopolitical space of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Building on literature that…
Towards democratic intelligence oversight: Limits, practices, struggles
Despite its common usage, the meaning of ‘democratic’ in democratic intelligence oversight has rarely been spelled out. In this article, we situate questions regarding intelligence oversight within broader debates about the meanings and practices of democracy. We argue that the literature on intelligence oversight has tended to implicitly or explicitly follow liberal and technocratic ideas of democracy, which have limited the understanding of ove…
Drawing Data Together: Inscriptions, Asylum, and Scripts of Security
Data have become a vital device of border governance and security. Recent scholarship on the datafication of borders and migration at the intersection of science and technology studies and critical security studies has privileged concepts attuned to messiness, contingency, and friction such as data assemblages and infrastructures. This paper proposes to revisit and expand the analytical vocabulary of script analysis to understand what comes to co…
Scripts of Security: Between Contingency and Obduracy
The special issue on Scripts of Security proposes to advance interdisciplinary exchanges between Science and Technology Studies and Critical Security Studies. While performativity, enactment, and intra-action have opened important questions about the messiness of security practices and the contingency of their effects, there has been less attention to the obduracy of institutionalized agency and how continuities and asymmetries of power are repro…
Borders have always been artificial: Migration, data and AI
International MigrationVolume 61, Issue 5 p. 303-306 COMMENTARY Borders have always been artificial: Migration, data and AI Claudia Aradau, Corresponding Author Claudia Aradau [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-9006 King's College London, London, UK Correspondence Claudia Aradau, King's College London, London, UK. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Claudia Aradau, Corresponding Author Claudia Aradau [email prote…
Making Data Visualizations, Contesting Security: Digital Humanities Meet International Relations
This article brings debates about data visualization in digital humanities in conversation with critical security studies and international relations. Building on feminist approaches in digital humanities, we explore the potential and limitations of data visualization as a critical method for research on (in)security. We unpack three aspects of making data visualizations by specifying “making” in this context as working, orienting, and critiquing…
Ethics
The language of ethics has increasingly informed calls for the regulation of big data, algorithms, and artificial intelligence (AI). In this chapter, we analyse a series of initiatives by state, supra-state, tech, and civil society actors to deploy ethical principles and codes as ways of ‘conducting the conduct’ of developers, engineers, and companies. We argue that ethicizing algorithms has become a form of pre-empting dissensus. In contrast to …
Platforms
This chapter investigates how algorithmic reason becomes materialized in the infrastructure of digital platforms. While the literature on platforms has focused on data extraction, centralization, and new enclosures through monopolization, we argue that platform power emerges from the work of decomposing and recomposing small and large forms, inside and outside. With movements of externalization and internalization, platforms have become the centr…
Conclusion: Democratic scenes
In the Conclusion, we discuss the compound political implications of an ascendant algorithmic reason. What vocabularies have become available to us to render the rationalities and materializations of algorithmic reason? How can algorithmic reason be politicized? Even as the conditions of political action become more limiting through algorithmic reason, we argue that frictions, refusals, and resistances can reconfigure political interventions in t…
Value
Analyses of digital capitalism, data capitalism, platform capitalism, and surveillance capitalism are underpinned by controversies over the economic value of data. In this chapter, we investigate different approaches to value and valorization. We take a scene of controversy around Spotify as an inquiry into the conjunction of digital production and surveillance as well as emerging new forms of valorization. Expanding this scene through an analysi…
Decision
How do algorithms make decisions, how do they draw lines of difference? Mobilizing the lesser-known critical theory of Günther Anders, this chapter argues that we need to approach algorithmic decision-making through the prism of production and distributed human-machine work. To this end, we develop a methodology to ‘follow an algorithm’ marketed by CivicScape, a predictive policing company. Algorithmic decisions emerge via geometrical calculation…
International
Questions about the international have emerged around the power of big tech companies: Google attempting to access the Chinese market, Facebook providing digital infrastructures in Africa. Starting from the problem of drawing borders and boundaries as constitutive of the international, we analyse how states attempt to render algorithms governable by redrawing sovereign boundaries and creating legal regulations for the content that social media co…
Others
This chapter investigates the algorithmic production of potentially dangerous ‘others’. Starting from the public scene opened by the case of the Al Jazeera journalist Ahmad Zaidan, wrongly identified by the SKYNET programme of the US National Security Agency as a suspect terrorist, we show how others are produced as ‘anomalies’ at the intersection of machine-learning algorithms and security practices. Methodologically, there were numerous limits …
Knowledge
From the ‘needle in a haystack’ to microtargeting, big data and its algorithmic operations have produced new modes of knowledge for the government of individuals and populations. Big data has sparked much anxiety about the ways in which traditional modes of knowledge have been unsettled or even undone. Starting from the scene of the Cambridge Analytica scandal about the use of digital data in elections around the world, the first chapter explores…
Accountability
As facial recognition is increasingly deployed around the world, from the US to China, civil liberties activists and democratic actors have drawn attention to its error rates and privacy invasions. The chapter unpacks new facets of algorithmic accountability, as it emerged nationally and transnationally by producing accounts of algorithmic error and by providing trustworthy explanations of what algorithms do. An algorithmic accountability and aud…
The politics of (non-)knowledge at Europe's borders: Errors, fakes, and subjectivity
From statistical calculations to psychological knowledge, from profiling to scenario planning, and from biometric data to predictive algorithms, International Relations scholars have shed light on the multiple forms of knowledge deployed in the governing of populations and their political effects. Recent scholarship in critical border and security studies has drawn attention to ‘the other side of knowledge’ and has developed a vibrant conversatio…
Algorithmic Reason: The New Government of Self and Other
Are algorithms ruling the world today? Is artificial intelligence making life-and-death decisions? Are social media companies able to manipulate elections? As we are confronted with public and academic anxieties about unprecedented changes, this book offers a different analytical prism to investigate these transformations as more mundane and fraught. Aradau and Blanke develop conceptual and methodological tools to understand how algorithmic opera…
Neither opaque nor transparent: A transdisciplinary methodology to investigate datafication at the EU borders
In 2020, the European Union announced the award of the contract for the biometric part of the new database for border control, the Entry Exit System, to two companies: IDEMIA and Sopra Steria. Both companies had been previously involved in the development of databases for border and migration management. While there has been a growing amount of publicly available documents that show what kind of technologies are being implemented, for how much mo…
Experimentality, Surplus Data and the Politics of Debilitation in Borderzones
The use of digital devices and the collection of digital data have become pervasive in borderzones. Whether deployed by state or non-state actors, digital devices are rolled out despite intense criticism and controversy. In this article, I propose to approach these interventions through the prism of experimentality. Experimentality was initially formulated in the anthropological literature on the globalisation of clinical trials and, more recentl…
Governing Terrorism Through Risk: Taking Precautions, (un)Knowing the Future
The events of 9/11 appeared to make good on Ulrich Beck's claim that we are now living in a (global) risk society. Examining what it means to 'govern through risk', this article departs from Beck's thesis of risk society and its appropriation in security studies. Arguing that the risk society thesis problematically views risk within a macro-sociological narrative of modernity, this article shows, based on a Foucauldian account of governmentality,…
Security That Matters: Critical Infrastructure and Objects of Protection
Critical infrastructure protection is prominently concerned with objects that appear indispensable for the functioning of social and political life. However, the analysis of material objects in discussions of critical infrastructure protection has remained largely within the remit of managerial responses, which see matter as simply passive, a blank slate. In security studies, critical approaches have focused on social and cultural values, forms o…
The Perverse Politics of Four-Letter Words: Risk and Pity in the Securitisation of Human Trafficking
This article unpacks two constructions of human trafficking: as a security threat and as a humanitarian problem. Restricting its focus to trafficking of women for the sex industry, the article highlights the double identification of these women as illegal migrants and victims, prostitutes and suffering bodies. How are these schizophrenic identifications possible? An analysis of the security and humanitarian articulations as governmental intervent…
Security and the democratic scene: Desecuritization and emancipation
Critical methods in International Relations: The politics of techniques, devices and acts
Methods have increasingly been placed at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in International Relations (IR) and social sciences more generally. This article explores the role of methods in IR and argues that methods can be part of a critical project if reconceptualized away from neutral techniques of organizing empirical material and research design. It proposes a two-pronged reconceptualization of critical methods as devices which e…
Biopolitics Multiple: Migration, Extraction, Subtraction
This article proposes 'biopolitics multiple' as an approach to the heterogeneity of biopolitical technologies deployed to govern migration today. Building on work that has started to develop analytical vocabularies to diagnose biopolitical technologies that work neither by fostering life nor by making people die in a necropolitical sense, it conceptualises 'extraction' and 'subtraction' as two such technologies that take 'hold' of migrants' lives…
Questioning security devices: Performativity, resistance, politics
Algorithms, biometrics and body scanners, computers and databases, infrastructures of various kinds, ranging from what is commonly referred to as ‘hi-tech’ to ‘low-tech’ items such as walls or paper files, have garnered increased attention in critical approaches to (in)security. This article introduces a special issue whose contributions aim to further these approaches by questioning the role and political effects of security devices. It proposes…
Politics of prediction: Security and the time/space of governmentality in the age of big data
From 'connecting the dots' and finding 'the needle in the haystack' to predictive policing and data mining for counterinsurgency, security professionals have increasingly adopted the language and methods of computing for the purposes of prediction. Digital devices and big data appear to offer answers to a wide array of problems of (in)security by promising insights into unknown futures. This article investigates the transformation of prediction t…
Acts of European Citizenship: A Political Sociology of Mobility
European citizenship is marked by a tension: between a citizenship that is derivative of the nation‐state and a citizenship that is defined by free movement. Approaching this tension as symptomatic of a deep‐rooted contradiction between integration and mobility that is constitutive of modern social formations, this article develops a political sociology of mobility that challenges territorial and culturalist accounts of European citizenship. It d…
Assembling credibility: Knowledge, method and critique in times of ‘post-truth’
Critical approaches in security studies have been increasingly turning to methods and standards internal to knowledge practice to validate their knowledge claims. This quest for scientific standards now also operates against the background of debates on ‘post-truth’, which raise pressing and perplexing questions for critical lines of thought. We propose a different approach by conceptualizing validity as practices of assembling credibility in whi…
The politics of (non-)knowledge at Europe's borders: Errors, fakes, and subjectivity
From statistical calculations to psychological knowledge, from profiling to scenario planning, and from biometric data to predictive algorithms, International Relations scholars have shed light on the multiple forms of knowledge deployed in the governing of populations and their political effects. Recent scholarship in critical border and security studies has drawn attention to ‘the other side of knowledge’ and has developed a vibrant conversatio…
Algorithmic Reason: The New Government of Self and Other
Are algorithms ruling the world today? Is artificial intelligence making life-and-death decisions? Are social media companies able to manipulate elections? As we are confronted with public and academic anxieties about unprecedented changes, this book offers a different analytical prism to investigate these transformations as more mundane and fraught. Aradau and Blanke develop conceptual and methodological tools to understand how algorithmic opera…
The Time/Space of Preparedness: Anticipating the “Next Terrorist Attack”
The “next terrorist attack” has become one of the main fixtures of the collective imagination of catastrophic futures. Reflecting on a series of exercises and scenarios deployed to prepare for terrorist attacks, this article interrogates the co-constitution of temporality and spatiality in such practices. The main argument is that practices of preparedness enact a withdrawal of time, where the temporal uncertainty of the future event is displaced…
Exceptionalism and the 'War on Terror: Criminology Meets International Relations
Criminology and International Relations (IR) share a relatively wide vocabulary: political violence, crime, security, deterrence, war on terror, risk, human rights and freedom. Particularly in the case of the ‘war on terror’, similar concerns and conceptual tools have increasingly surfaced on both sides. Nonetheless, one debate—namely Carl Schmitt's theory of the exception and its uptake in IR—has travelled less well. This article argues that the…
Minor keywords of political theory: Migration as a critical standpoint
Migration as a Critical Standpointbeginning, at the center of [our] project.Thinking about the meaning of a political concept should at the same time be a means of thinking about, and of making possible ways of intervening in, the political realities of the present" (2018:1).In this spirit, we seek to unsettle and disrupt the consensus around the selection of which keywords may be counted as vital for theorizing power, and to intervene in the pol…
The (Big) Data-security assemblage: Knowledge and critique
The Snowden revelations and the emergence of 'Big Data' have rekindled questions about how security practices are deployed in a digital age and with what political effects. While critical scholars have drawn attention to the social, political and legal challenges to these practices, the debates in computer and information science have received less analytical attention. This paper proposes to take seriously the critical knowledge developed in inf…
Experimentality, Surplus Data and the Politics of Debilitation in Borderzones
The use of digital devices and the collection of digital data have become pervasive in borderzones. Whether deployed by state or non-state actors, digital devices are rolled out despite intense criticism and controversy. In this article, I propose to approach these interventions through the prism of experimentality. Experimentality was initially formulated in the anthropological literature on the globalisation of clinical trials and, more recentl…
Crowded Places Are Everywhere We Go: Crowds, Emergency, Politics
Crowded places' have recently been problematized as objects of terrorist attacks. Following this redefinition of terrorism, crowds have been reactivated at the heart of a security continuum of counter-terrorism, emergency planning and policing. How does the crowd referent recalibrate security governance, and with what political effects? This article argues that several subtle reconfigurations take place. First, counter-terrorism governance derive…
Governing others: Anomaly and the algorithmic subject of security
As digital technologies and algorithmic rationalities have increasingly reconfigured security practices, critical scholars have drawn attention to their performative effects on the temporality of law, notions of rights, and understandings of subjectivity. This article proposes to explore how the ‘other’ is made knowable in massive amounts of data and how the boundary between self and other is drawn algorithmically. It argues that algorithmic secu…
Political grammars of mobility, security and subjectivity
The ‘new mobilities paradigm’ and critical security studies share vocabularies of mobility, circulation and security. Yet, there have been only limited intersections between these approaches. This article explores the relation between mobility and security by developing a series of epistemic-political distinctions between motion, circulation and mobility. It argues that different political grammars of mobility have emerged historically and that w…
Insuring Terrorism, Assuring Subjects, Ensuring Normality: The Politics of Risk after 9/11
Security has been located either in the political spectacle of public discourses or within the specialized field of security professionals, experts in the management of unease. This article takes issue with these analyses and argues that security practices are also formulated in more heterogeneous locations. Since the early days of the “war on terror,” the insurance industry has had an instrumental role and “underwriting terrorism” has become par…
European Citizenship Unbound: Sex Work, Mobility, Mobilisation
In October 2005 200 delegates from twenty-eight countries in Europe gathered in Brussels to take part in an event for sex workers' rights, which involved a three-day conference, the presentation of a Declaration on the Rights of Sex Workers in Europe in the European Parliament, the drafting of a Manifesto, recommendations for policy makers, a party, and a demonstration. The sex workers' mobilisation appears, at first sight, to be an exemplary for…
Asylum, Borders, and the Politics of Violence: From Suspicion to Cruelty
Critical scholarship in international relations, border, and migration studies has analyzed the cultures of suspicion that underpin border practices and have increasingly reshaped the politics of asylum globally. They have highlighted either the generalization of suspicion through the securitization of asylum or racialized and gendered continuities of colonial violence. We propose to understand the entanglements of continuity and discontinuity in…
Law transformed: Guantánamo and the ‘other’ exception
Guantánamo Bay is almost unanimously seen as an exceptional space inhabited by ‘bare life’. This article unpacks the double rendering of the exception in Carl Schmitt's work and argues that the conceptualisation of the exception in The Nomos of the Earth can help us understand the form of exception that is at work in the ‘war on terror’. The nomos as the junction of order and orientation appears as a way of closing off the space of political deci…
Security, War, Violence – The Politics of Critique: A Reply to Barkawi
Tarak Barkawi has recently enjoined International Relations and security studies scholars to embark upon a critical study of the phenomenon of war. There is much to agree with in his argument and the idea of ‘critical war studies’ seems particularly apposite in a world where war and other forms of organised or dispersed violence have become increasingly constitutive of daily life. However, the turn to ‘critical war studies’ works by silencing dis…
Security and the democratic scene: Desecuritization and emancipation
The Perverse Politics of Four-Letter Words: Risk and Pity in the Securitisation of Human Trafficking
This article unpacks two constructions of human trafficking: as a security threat and as a humanitarian problem. Restricting its focus to trafficking of women for the sex industry, the article highlights the double identification of these women as illegal migrants and victims, prostitutes and suffering bodies. How are these schizophrenic identifications possible? An analysis of the security and humanitarian articulations as governmental intervent…
Limits of security, limits of politics? A response
Law transformed: Guantánamo and the ‘other’ exception
Guantánamo Bay is almost unanimously seen as an exceptional space inhabited by ‘bare life’. This article unpacks the double rendering of the exception in Carl Schmitt's work and argues that the conceptualisation of the exception in The Nomos of the Earth can help us understand the form of exception that is at work in the ‘war on terror’. The nomos as the junction of order and orientation appears as a way of closing off the space of political deci…
Rethinking trafficking in women: Politics Out of Security
What should be done about trafficking in women? Rethinking Trafficking in Women argues that the question to be asked is, 'What cannot be done about trafficking in women?' Exploring the complex relationship between security, subjectivity and politics, Aradau argues that security practices reproduce a politics of unfreedom and inequality. Politics out of security, on the contrary, is formulated around universality, equality and freedom. In the situ…
Global Matrix: Nationalism, Globalism and State Terrorism
Governing Terrorism Through Risk: Taking Precautions, (un)Knowing the Future
The events of 9/11 appeared to make good on Ulrich Beck's claim that we are now living in a (global) risk society. Examining what it means to 'govern through risk', this article departs from Beck's thesis of risk society and its appropriation in security studies. Arguing that the risk society thesis problematically views risk within a macro-sociological narrative of modernity, this article shows, based on a Foucauldian account of governmentality,…
Rethinking Trafficking in Women: Politics Out of Security
What should be done about trafficking in women? Aradau shows that the problematization of trafficking as a security issue limits what can be done. Exploring the complex relationship between security
Risk and the War on Terror
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Forget Equality? Security and Liberty in the “War on Terror”
The “war on terror” has triggered intense debates about the role of security and liberty, the trade-off between security and liberty, the meaning of security and the power of civil liberties. Nonetheless, while security has been closely dissected either as a governmental or exceptional practice, liberty has been largely shrouded in silence. Rather than contesting practices of security, liberty appeared degraded, a fetish, justifying restrictions …
Insuring Terrorism, Assuring Subjects, Ensuring Normality: The Politics of Risk after 9/11
Security has been located either in the political spectacle of public discourses or within the specialized field of security professionals, experts in the management of unease. This article takes issue with these analyses and argues that security practices are also formulated in more heterogeneous locations. Since the early days of the “war on terror,” the insurance industry has had an instrumental role and “underwriting terrorism” has become par…
Exceptionalism and the 'War on Terror: Criminology Meets International Relations
Criminology and International Relations (IR) share a relatively wide vocabulary: political violence, crime, security, deterrence, war on terror, risk, human rights and freedom. Particularly in the case of the ‘war on terror’, similar concerns and conceptual tools have increasingly surfaced on both sides. Nonetheless, one debate—namely Carl Schmitt's theory of the exception and its uptake in IR—has travelled less well. This article argues that the…
Mobilising (Global) Democracy: A Political Reading of Mobility between Universal Rights and the Mob
This article argues that a political reading of mobility is instrumental for understanding the role of democracy within globalised structures of power. Relegated to a socio-economic background that prompts new engagements with democracy, mobility has been neglected as a condition of possibility and as a form of political democratic practice. Drawing on Georg Simmel's sociology of money, we show that practices of mobility become democratic moments…
Acts of European Citizenship: A Political Sociology of Mobility
European citizenship is marked by a tension: between a citizenship that is derivative of the nation‐state and a citizenship that is defined by free movement. Approaching this tension as symptomatic of a deep‐rooted contradiction between integration and mobility that is constitutive of modern social formations, this article develops a political sociology of mobility that challenges territorial and culturalist accounts of European citizenship. It d…
Security That Matters: Critical Infrastructure and Objects of Protection
Critical infrastructure protection is prominently concerned with objects that appear indispensable for the functioning of social and political life. However, the analysis of material objects in discussions of critical infrastructure protection has remained largely within the remit of managerial responses, which see matter as simply passive, a blank slate. In security studies, critical approaches have focused on social and cultural values, forms o…
Politics of Catastrophe: Genealogies of the Unknown
This book argues that catastrophe is a particular way of governing future events – such as terrorism, climate change or pandemics – which we cannot predict but which may strike suddenly, without warning, and cause irreversible damage. \nAt a time where catastrophe increasingly functions as a signifier of our future, imaginaries of pending doom have fostered new modes of anticipatory knowledge and redeployed existing ones. Although it shares many …
Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life
Politics of Catastrophe
This book argues that catastrophe is a particular way of governing future events – such as terrorism, climate change or pandemics – which we cannot predict but which may strike suddenly, without warning, and cause irreversible damage. At a time where catastrophe increasingly functions as a signifier of our future, imaginaries of pending doom have fostered new modes of anticipatory knowledge and redeployed existing ones. Although it shares many si…
Atos de cidadania europeia: Uma Sociologia Política Da Mobilidade
A cidadania europeia é marcada por uma tensão entre uma cidadania derivativa do Estado-nação e uma cidadania definida pela liberdade de movimento. Abordando essa tensão como sintomática de uma profunda contradição entre integração e mobilidade que é constitutiva das formações sociais modernas, este artigo desenvolve uma sociologia política da mobilidade que desafia as considerações territoriais e culturalistas sobre a cidadania europeia. Isso é f…
The Time/Space of Preparedness: Anticipating the “Next Terrorist Attack”
The “next terrorist attack” has become one of the main fixtures of the collective imagination of catastrophic futures. Reflecting on a series of exercises and scenarios deployed to prepare for terrorist attacks, this article interrogates the co-constitution of temporality and spatiality in such practices. The main argument is that practices of preparedness enact a withdrawal of time, where the temporal uncertainty of the future event is displaced…
Security, War, Violence – The Politics of Critique: A Reply to Barkawi
Tarak Barkawi has recently enjoined International Relations and security studies scholars to embark upon a critical study of the phenomenon of war. There is much to agree with in his argument and the idea of ‘critical war studies’ seems particularly apposite in a world where war and other forms of organised or dispersed violence have become increasingly constitutive of daily life. However, the turn to ‘critical war studies’ works by silencing dis…
The Securitization of Catastrophic Events: Trauma, Enactment, and Preparedness Exercises
Psychological knowledge has become incorporated into a range of security practices, discourses, and interventions in catastrophic events, including terrorism. By engaging the existing literature on the medicalization and psychologization of security, this article reads the enactment knowledge deployed in preparedness exercises from the perspective of psychodrama and sociodrama rather than that of psychoanalysis or psychosocial risk management. En…
European Citizenship Unbound: Sex Work, Mobility, Mobilisation
In October 2005 200 delegates from twenty-eight countries in Europe gathered in Brussels to take part in an event for sex workers' rights, which involved a three-day conference, the presentation of a Declaration on the Rights of Sex Workers in Europe in the European Parliament, the drafting of a Manifesto, recommendations for policy makers, a party, and a demonstration. The sex workers' mobilisation appears, at first sight, to be an exemplary for…
Critical methods in International Relations: The politics of techniques, devices and acts
Methods have increasingly been placed at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in International Relations (IR) and social sciences more generally. This article explores the role of methods in IR and argues that methods can be part of a critical project if reconceptualized away from neutral techniques of organizing empirical material and research design. It proposes a two-pronged reconceptualization of critical methods as devices which e…
The Politics of Drawing: Children, Evidence, and the Darfur Conflict
Drawing has been largely neglected in discussions of visuality, conflict, and violence. In 2007, the International Criminal Court accepted 500 children's drawings depicting the conflict in Darfur as contextual evidence for war crime trials against Sudanese officials. Starting from this event, and the attention that the Darfuri children's drawings have garnered internationally, this article explores the role that drawings, and children's drawings …
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