M Bergman
Biographic Data
| ID | 11260 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M Bergman |
| GIVEN NAMES | M |
| FAMILY NAME | Bergman |
| SIGNATURE | BERGMAN M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0119-3524 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 70 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Affective polarization in Latin America: A research note
Affective polarization (AP), a concept that summarizes intense partisans' animosity towards opposing parties and positive feelings towards their own, has recently received increasing attention. Despite a growing interest in Latin American polarization, there are very few empirical studies on the range and depth of dislike and distrust towards political adversaries in the region, and how this impacts the quality of democracies. This research note …
Prisons and Crime in Latin America
This groundbreaking work examines Latin America's prison crisis and the failure of mass incarceration policies. As crime rates rose over the past few decades, policy makers adopted incarceration as the primary response to public outcry. Yet, as the number of inmates increased, crime rates only continued to grow. Presenting new cross-national data based on extensive surveys of inmates throughout the region, this book explains the transformation of…
Delito y prosperidad: Una paradoja latinoamericana
En este trabajo se argumenta que la actual ola delictiva latinoamericana tiene características singulares vinculadas a procesos sociales, políticos y económicos que contribuyeron a la expansión del delito en la región. Se muestran aspectos poco estudiados y que han contribuido fuertemente a este crecimiento de la criminalidad. Se sostiene en primer lugar, que la criminalidad es un problema regional que afectó a todos los países. En segundo lugar,…
A global analysis of the impact of Covid-19 stay-at-home restrictions on crime
The stay-at-home restrictions to control the spread of COVID-19 led to unparalleled sudden change in daily life, but it is unclear how they affected urban crime globally. We collected data on daily counts of crime in 27 cities across 23 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. We conducted interrupted time series analyses to assess the impact of stay-at-home restrictions on different types of crime in each city. Our findings s…
Crime and Its Aftermath: New Inroads in the Study of Violence and Public Safety
This essay reviews the following works: Vulnerabilidad y violencia en América Latina y el Caribe: Paisaje cultural y diseño urbano. Edited by Markus Gottsbacher and John De Boer. Mexico City: Proyectos Estratégicos Consultoría; Siglo Veintiuno, 2016. Pp. 432. $24.95 paperback. ISBN: 9786070307447. Violence and Resilience in Latin America Cities. Edited by Kees Koonings and Dirk Kruijt. London: Zed Books, 2015. Pp. ix + 195. $28.95 paperback. ISBN…
Concluding Remarks
This chapter summarizes the central arguments developed in this book and sets the agenda for future research. By undertaking an ambitious comparative analysis, this book has shed light on understudied topics that underlie the crime problem in Latin America: the enduring stability of criminality in the region, the ineffectiveness of government actions to fight crime, and the mechanism of contagion and spillover. It explains how domestic and intern…
Crime and Prosperity
This chapter lays out the foundations of the book. It starts with a brief overview of criminality in Latin American countries over the last twenty-five years and then poses the central question: Why has crime, particularly property crime, risen? It goes on to develop the toolkit, the theoretical approach, to discern between high crime and low crime equilibria and the different trajectories of countries. Special emphasis is put on the emergence of…
Courts, Criminal Procedures, and Deterrence
This chapter studies the performance of Latin American criminal courts and prosecutor offices in fighting crime and instilling deterrence and systematically analyzes one of the critical and understudied topics in the region: Impunity. It analyzes criminal justice statistics and inmate survey data. In this chapter I argue that while numerous penal reforms in the region welcomed strong protections of individual rights they had limited success in de…
Trends and Patterns in Latin American Criminality
This chapter presents a comprehensive evaluation of Latin American trends in violent and property crime over the past twenty-five to thirty years, displays short and long time series for different countries, and describes various types of crimes in the region. Different data sources depict the clear upward trend in criminality and country differences in the intensity of crime. This chapter also discusses the merits of transcending homicide data t…
The Police in Latin America
This chapter focuses on the limited success of the police in improving public safety in most countries of the region, showing that in most countries law enforcement agencies have been unable to lead effective anti-crime programs. Police structures and crime-fighting strategies are surveyed, and it is argued that police forces generally reacted slowly and erratically against rising crime, that they did not develop strong information systems to fig…
Profits and Opportunities
This chapter shows that as prosperity increased in the region, new secondary markets for stolen goods emerged prosperity in order to satisfy demand for consumption goods. Overall demand and appetite for illegal goods in the region had increased dramatically since the 1990s, especially in low-income households. This chapter examines types of victimization, and their rates, to prove that it was these crimes that partly fueled these illicit marketpl…
The Sad Story of Prisons
This chapter reviews the role of prisons in Latin America and the meager effects they have in containing crime and imposing deterrence, documenting the dramatic rise in incarceration in every Latin American country over the last two decades. Based on evidence from inmate surveys and from official records, it examines the failure of rehabilitation, incapacitation, and of deterrence, which backfires once released inmates get back to the streets and…
Why Has Crime Risen in Latin America?
This chapter discusses the applicability of theories of criminology in explaining the current crime wave in the region, by testing common assumptions of causes of criminality against social, economic, and political data. It is organized around covariates of crime such as labor markets, family structures, income inequality, guns, and drugs, and their correlations with different levels of crime between countries over the last decades. Based on an e…
Drug Business and Crime
This chapter studies illegal drugs, that have created the most profitable of all illicit markets. It, analyzes this industry within the broader framework of the book, which examines the effects these markets have on crime and how states have responded. It argues that the dramatic profit drugs produce has diluted the consolidation of strong deterrence from states. By examining the business aspects of trafficking, the structural organization of the…
Organized Crime and High Crime Equilibrium
This chapter studies the high crime equilibrium and provides an explanation for how crime for profit has evolved in most countries into very violent criminality. An overview of the organizations that specialize in different types of crimes is offered, with special attention drawn to the important spillover effect this has in producing crimes such as extortions, kidnapping for ransom, and human trafficking and on the increasing levels of violence.…
More Money, More Crime
This book reviews the rapid rise of crime and violence in Latin America over the last few decades and offers an explanation to a striking paradox: In the midst of decreasing poverty, economic growth, and democratization crime has risen throughout the region. Drawing from large data sets, I argue that this is because crime has become a profitable industry in weak states with outdated criminal justice systems unable to withstand the challenge posed…
Illegal Drugs, Drug Trafficking and Violence in Latin America
Mobility and Locative Media: Mobile Communication in Hybrid Spaces
Mobility and Locative MediaMobilities has become an important framework to understand and analyze contemporary social, spatial, economic, and political practices.Especially as mobile media become seamlessly integrated into transportation networks, navigating urban spaces, and connecting with social networks while on the move, researchers need new approaches and methods to bring together mobilities with mobile communication and locative media.Mobi…
Delito patrimonial e inserción laboral en México
Este trabajo investiga la relación entre el delito patrimonial y los mercados de trabajo. Utilizando distintas fuentes de información se analiza la hipótesis de que la debilidad de los mercados laborales incrementa el delito, y especialmente pone a prueba la hipótesis de que son los desempleados los que más delitos patrimoniales cometen. Con base en tendencias agregadas para el caso mexicano, y utilizando fundamentalmente datos de encuestas de in…
La violencia en México: Algunas Aproximaciones Académicas
Determinantes de la confianza en la policía: Una comparación entre Argentina y México
Este trabajo demuestra que la evaluación del desempeño policial es uno de los determinantes fundamentales de la confianza en la policía. Hemos construido diversos modelos de regresión logística, con base en datos originales de encuestas de victimización realizadas en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina) y el Distrito Federal (México). Controlando por diversas variables sociodemográficas y criminológicas, la evaluación del desempeño policial es e…
Tax evasion and the rule of law in Latin America: The political culture of cheating and compliance in Argentina and Chile
Compares the tax systems in Argentina and Chile. Examines differences in law abidance between the two countries and the effectiveness of legal enforcement"--Provided by publisher
Crime and Citizen Security in Latin America: The Challenges for New Scholarship
Colombian Criminal Justice in Crisis: Fear and Distrust. By Elvira Maria Restrepo. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Pp. 235. $95.00 cloth.) Crime and Violence in Latin America: Citizen Security, Democracy, and the State. Edited by Hugo Frühling and Joseph S. Tulchin, with Heather A. Golding. (Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 2003. Pp. 284. $45.00 cloth, $18.95 paper.) Crimen Sin Castigo: ProcuraciÓn de Justicia Penal y Ministeri…
Memoria, cuerpo y silencio: El caso “María Soledad” y la demanda de ciudadanía en la Argentina de los noventa
Este artículo analiza el origen y las estrategias de representación desarrolladas por el movimiento social surgido alrededor de un caso de feminicidio en el norte de la Argentina en la década de 1990. Se lee el movimiento en el contexto de los movimientos de derechos humanos de las décadas del setenta y ochenta y se propone que estos nuevos movimientos sociales se ubican en el espacio de la subalternidad en búsqueda de derechos específicos y no d…
Tax Reforms and Tax Compliance: The Divergent Paths of Chile and Argentina
This article compares the effects of tax reform on tax compliance in Argentina and Chile. After constructing three different comparative indexes of tax compliance, it proposes a comprehensive approach, which includes political, economic and sociological explanations to address the different behaviour of taxpayers in each country. It concludes that Chile was able to enhance better tax compliance because it has implemented a permanent, stable and r…
Mobility and Locative Media: Mobile Communication in Hybrid Spaces
Mobility and Locative MediaMobilities has become an important framework to understand and analyze contemporary social, spatial, economic, and political practices.Especially as mobile media become seamlessly integrated into transportation networks, navigating urban spaces, and connecting with social networks while on the move, researchers need new approaches and methods to bring together mobilities with mobile communication and locative media.Mobi…
A global analysis of the impact of Covid-19 stay-at-home restrictions on crime
The stay-at-home restrictions to control the spread of COVID-19 led to unparalleled sudden change in daily life, but it is unclear how they affected urban crime globally. We collected data on daily counts of crime in 27 cities across 23 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. We conducted interrupted time series analyses to assess the impact of stay-at-home restrictions on different types of crime in each city. Our findings s…
Tax Reforms and Tax Compliance: The Divergent Paths of Chile and Argentina
This article compares the effects of tax reform on tax compliance in Argentina and Chile. After constructing three different comparative indexes of tax compliance, it proposes a comprehensive approach, which includes political, economic and sociological explanations to address the different behaviour of taxpayers in each country. It concludes that Chile was able to enhance better tax compliance because it has implemented a permanent, stable and r…
Who Pays for Social Policy? A Study on Taxes and Trust
Which societies are prone to be compliant with tax laws? Who is willing to pay more for social solidarity? Based on recent surveys in Argentina and Chile, this research paper contrasts two similar countries that show remarkable differences in tax compliance and commitment to social policies. The analysis of the data supports the hypothesis that social variables associated with trust and legitimacy have an independent effect on social solidarity. …
Determinantes de la confianza en la policía: Una comparación entre Argentina y México
Este trabajo demuestra que la evaluación del desempeño policial es uno de los determinantes fundamentales de la confianza en la policía. Hemos construido diversos modelos de regresión logística, con base en datos originales de encuestas de victimización realizadas en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina) y el Distrito Federal (México). Controlando por diversas variables sociodemográficas y criminológicas, la evaluación del desempeño policial es e…
The Potato Blight in the Netherlands and its Social Consequences (1845–1847)
The potato blight which in the 1840s became so destructive in Ireland as to cause wide-spread distress and much loss of life also brought the Netherlands to the verge of famine. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the extent of the damage to the Dutch potato crops in the “hungry forties” and to consider some of its consequences: the rise of the food prices, the spread of pauperism, social unrest, the attitudes of the population and the mea…
Affective polarization in Latin America: A research note
Affective polarization (AP), a concept that summarizes intense partisans' animosity towards opposing parties and positive feelings towards their own, has recently received increasing attention. Despite a growing interest in Latin American polarization, there are very few empirical studies on the range and depth of dislike and distrust towards political adversaries in the region, and how this impacts the quality of democracies. This research note …
Delito y prosperidad: Una paradoja latinoamericana
En este trabajo se argumenta que la actual ola delictiva latinoamericana tiene características singulares vinculadas a procesos sociales, políticos y económicos que contribuyeron a la expansión del delito en la región. Se muestran aspectos poco estudiados y que han contribuido fuertemente a este crecimiento de la criminalidad. Se sostiene en primer lugar, que la criminalidad es un problema regional que afectó a todos los países. En segundo lugar,…
Memoria, cuerpo y silencio: El caso “María Soledad” y la demanda de ciudadanía en la Argentina de los noventa
Este artículo analiza el origen y las estrategias de representación desarrolladas por el movimiento social surgido alrededor de un caso de feminicidio en el norte de la Argentina en la década de 1990. Se lee el movimiento en el contexto de los movimientos de derechos humanos de las décadas del setenta y ochenta y se propone que estos nuevos movimientos sociales se ubican en el espacio de la subalternidad en búsqueda de derechos específicos y no d…
The Potato Blight in the Netherlands and its Social Consequences (1845–1847)
The potato blight which in the 1840s became so destructive in Ireland as to cause wide-spread distress and much loss of life also brought the Netherlands to the verge of famine. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the extent of the damage to the Dutch potato crops in the “hungry forties” and to consider some of its consequences: the rise of the food prices, the spread of pauperism, social unrest, the attitudes of the population and the mea…
Criminal Law and Tax Compliance in Argentina: Testing the Limits of Deterrence
Rising crime in urban Argentina: The effects of changes in labor markets and community breakdown
Urban crime increased in Argentina over the last decades. Based on the best available data, this article shows the existence of a moderate increase in criminality over the last 15 years combined with a steep rise in violent and property crime during a two‐year span in the mid‐1990s. It provides the first systematic description of these two overlapping trends. It examines the effect brought by changes in the composition of relative size cohorts, a…
Who Pays for Social Policy? A Study on Taxes and Trust
Which societies are prone to be compliant with tax laws? Who is willing to pay more for social solidarity? Based on recent surveys in Argentina and Chile, this research paper contrasts two similar countries that show remarkable differences in tax compliance and commitment to social policies. The analysis of the data supports the hypothesis that social variables associated with trust and legitimacy have an independent effect on social solidarity. …
Tax Reforms and Tax Compliance: The Divergent Paths of Chile and Argentina
This article compares the effects of tax reform on tax compliance in Argentina and Chile. After constructing three different comparative indexes of tax compliance, it proposes a comprehensive approach, which includes political, economic and sociological explanations to address the different behaviour of taxpayers in each country. It concludes that Chile was able to enhance better tax compliance because it has implemented a permanent, stable and r…
Crime and Citizen Security in Latin America: The Challenges for New Scholarship
Colombian Criminal Justice in Crisis: Fear and Distrust. By Elvira Maria Restrepo. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Pp. 235. $95.00 cloth.) Crime and Violence in Latin America: Citizen Security, Democracy, and the State. Edited by Hugo Frühling and Joseph S. Tulchin, with Heather A. Golding. (Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 2003. Pp. 284. $45.00 cloth, $18.95 paper.) Crimen Sin Castigo: ProcuraciÓn de Justicia Penal y Ministeri…
Memoria, cuerpo y silencio: El caso “María Soledad” y la demanda de ciudadanía en la Argentina de los noventa
Este artículo analiza el origen y las estrategias de representación desarrolladas por el movimiento social surgido alrededor de un caso de feminicidio en el norte de la Argentina en la década de 1990. Se lee el movimiento en el contexto de los movimientos de derechos humanos de las décadas del setenta y ochenta y se propone que estos nuevos movimientos sociales se ubican en el espacio de la subalternidad en búsqueda de derechos específicos y no d…
Tax evasion and the rule of law in Latin America: The political culture of cheating and compliance in Argentina and Chile
Compares the tax systems in Argentina and Chile. Examines differences in law abidance between the two countries and the effectiveness of legal enforcement"--Provided by publisher
Determinantes de la confianza en la policía: Una comparación entre Argentina y México
Este trabajo demuestra que la evaluación del desempeño policial es uno de los determinantes fundamentales de la confianza en la policía. Hemos construido diversos modelos de regresión logística, con base en datos originales de encuestas de victimización realizadas en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina) y el Distrito Federal (México). Controlando por diversas variables sociodemográficas y criminológicas, la evaluación del desempeño policial es e…
Delito patrimonial e inserción laboral en México
Este trabajo investiga la relación entre el delito patrimonial y los mercados de trabajo. Utilizando distintas fuentes de información se analiza la hipótesis de que la debilidad de los mercados laborales incrementa el delito, y especialmente pone a prueba la hipótesis de que son los desempleados los que más delitos patrimoniales cometen. Con base en tendencias agregadas para el caso mexicano, y utilizando fundamentalmente datos de encuestas de in…
La violencia en México: Algunas Aproximaciones Académicas
Mobility and Locative Media: Mobile Communication in Hybrid Spaces
Mobility and Locative MediaMobilities has become an important framework to understand and analyze contemporary social, spatial, economic, and political practices.Especially as mobile media become seamlessly integrated into transportation networks, navigating urban spaces, and connecting with social networks while on the move, researchers need new approaches and methods to bring together mobilities with mobile communication and locative media.Mobi…
Concluding Remarks
This chapter summarizes the central arguments developed in this book and sets the agenda for future research. By undertaking an ambitious comparative analysis, this book has shed light on understudied topics that underlie the crime problem in Latin America: the enduring stability of criminality in the region, the ineffectiveness of government actions to fight crime, and the mechanism of contagion and spillover. It explains how domestic and intern…
Crime and Prosperity
This chapter lays out the foundations of the book. It starts with a brief overview of criminality in Latin American countries over the last twenty-five years and then poses the central question: Why has crime, particularly property crime, risen? It goes on to develop the toolkit, the theoretical approach, to discern between high crime and low crime equilibria and the different trajectories of countries. Special emphasis is put on the emergence of…
Courts, Criminal Procedures, and Deterrence
This chapter studies the performance of Latin American criminal courts and prosecutor offices in fighting crime and instilling deterrence and systematically analyzes one of the critical and understudied topics in the region: Impunity. It analyzes criminal justice statistics and inmate survey data. In this chapter I argue that while numerous penal reforms in the region welcomed strong protections of individual rights they had limited success in de…
Trends and Patterns in Latin American Criminality
This chapter presents a comprehensive evaluation of Latin American trends in violent and property crime over the past twenty-five to thirty years, displays short and long time series for different countries, and describes various types of crimes in the region. Different data sources depict the clear upward trend in criminality and country differences in the intensity of crime. This chapter also discusses the merits of transcending homicide data t…
The Police in Latin America
This chapter focuses on the limited success of the police in improving public safety in most countries of the region, showing that in most countries law enforcement agencies have been unable to lead effective anti-crime programs. Police structures and crime-fighting strategies are surveyed, and it is argued that police forces generally reacted slowly and erratically against rising crime, that they did not develop strong information systems to fig…
Profits and Opportunities
This chapter shows that as prosperity increased in the region, new secondary markets for stolen goods emerged prosperity in order to satisfy demand for consumption goods. Overall demand and appetite for illegal goods in the region had increased dramatically since the 1990s, especially in low-income households. This chapter examines types of victimization, and their rates, to prove that it was these crimes that partly fueled these illicit marketpl…
The Sad Story of Prisons
This chapter reviews the role of prisons in Latin America and the meager effects they have in containing crime and imposing deterrence, documenting the dramatic rise in incarceration in every Latin American country over the last two decades. Based on evidence from inmate surveys and from official records, it examines the failure of rehabilitation, incapacitation, and of deterrence, which backfires once released inmates get back to the streets and…
Why Has Crime Risen in Latin America?
This chapter discusses the applicability of theories of criminology in explaining the current crime wave in the region, by testing common assumptions of causes of criminality against social, economic, and political data. It is organized around covariates of crime such as labor markets, family structures, income inequality, guns, and drugs, and their correlations with different levels of crime between countries over the last decades. Based on an e…
Drug Business and Crime
This chapter studies illegal drugs, that have created the most profitable of all illicit markets. It, analyzes this industry within the broader framework of the book, which examines the effects these markets have on crime and how states have responded. It argues that the dramatic profit drugs produce has diluted the consolidation of strong deterrence from states. By examining the business aspects of trafficking, the structural organization of the…
Organized Crime and High Crime Equilibrium
This chapter studies the high crime equilibrium and provides an explanation for how crime for profit has evolved in most countries into very violent criminality. An overview of the organizations that specialize in different types of crimes is offered, with special attention drawn to the important spillover effect this has in producing crimes such as extortions, kidnapping for ransom, and human trafficking and on the increasing levels of violence.…
More Money, More Crime
This book reviews the rapid rise of crime and violence in Latin America over the last few decades and offers an explanation to a striking paradox: In the midst of decreasing poverty, economic growth, and democratization crime has risen throughout the region. Drawing from large data sets, I argue that this is because crime has become a profitable industry in weak states with outdated criminal justice systems unable to withstand the challenge posed…
Illegal Drugs, Drug Trafficking and Violence in Latin America
Prisons and Crime in Latin America
This groundbreaking work examines Latin America's prison crisis and the failure of mass incarceration policies. As crime rates rose over the past few decades, policy makers adopted incarceration as the primary response to public outcry. Yet, as the number of inmates increased, crime rates only continued to grow. Presenting new cross-national data based on extensive surveys of inmates throughout the region, this book explains the transformation of…
Political science (26 works) · Law (20 works) · Sociology (20 works) · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance (19 works) · Criminology (15 works) · Economics (15 works) · Latin Americans (12 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (8 works) · Politics (8 works) · Business (6 works)