Tommy Gärling
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 113092 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Tommy Gärling |
| NOMBRES | Tommy |
| APELLIDO | Gärling |
| FIRMA | GÄRLING T |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Gothenburg |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8757-7552 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 59 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 197 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 59 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1987 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
The sober outlook of proficient investors –Characterizing competence through canonical correlation analysis
Evaluation of Extended Decision Outcomes
Some decision outcomes consist of sequences of single experiences. The aim is to propose a conceptualization of how such sequences are evaluated if affective evaluations of single experiences evoke transient emotional responses with lasting changes in current mood. The conceptualization implies three modes in which the sequences of single experiences are evaluated: (i) Aggregation of affective evaluations of the single experiences retrieved from …
The relationships between income, life satisfaction and emotional well‐being in European countries differing in wealth
The aim of this study is to investigate whether income has different relationships to subjective well‐being in richer countries compared to poorer ones. We report analyses based on interview data collected in the European Social Survey ( n = 72,574) that examine how income relates to life satisfaction (LS) and emotional well‐being (EWB) in 28 European countries, varying in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Our results indicate that the wit…
Beyond the Mere Ownership and Endowment Effects
Do owned objects become more valued if lost and found? In Experiment 1, Prolific participants ( n = 128) imagined having lost a laptop. The results showed a preference for finding the laptop instead of replacing it with a new at no cost. The preference was even stronger if the laptop had been used longer (2 months instead of 2 days) and was certain to be found without any cost. Experiment 2 recruited additional Prolific participants to investigat…
Mediators of Differences Between Employed and Unemployed in Life Satisfaction and Emotional Well-being
Previous research has shown that the unemployed has lower life satisfaction than the employed but that their emotional well-being may not differ. The aim is to investigate the role of mediators with bearings on these differences between the employed and unemployed in emotional well-being compared to life satisfaction. Participants were 3,463 employed and 452 unemployed living in five Western countries. They answered questions in an online survey.…
The Bigger the Better? Business Size and Small-Business Owners’ Subjective Well-Being
Business growth is often portrayed as an important outcome for small-business owners. Few empirical studies have however examined whether there is a positive relationship between business size and different dimensions of small-business owners’ subjective well-being. In a large cross-sectional sample (n = 1089) of small-business owners from Sweden, we investigate the relationship between business size and the two main components of subjective well…
Affluence and unsustainable consumption levels
Several pressures on planetary boundaries are directly linked to the production of goods and services driven by people’s ever-increasing spending of money to improve their material living standard beyond a comfortable life. The over-spending on material consumption by people in industrialized countries, and in the growing middle and upper classes of developing countries, constitutes a serious threat to the planet, does not boost individual happin…
Children’s travel to school
Allocation of Public Goods
Seventy-two undergraduates participating in a step-level asymmetric public good dilemma were requested to distribute the provided public good among the group members to achieve different group goals. In line with the hypotheses, economic productivity resulted in equitable allocations, harmony in equal allocations, and social concern in need-based allocations. The results also supported the hypotheses that salience of group goal minimizes influenc…
The influence of personality on acceptability of sustainable transport policies
Rules for aggregated satisfaction with work commutes
Quality attributes of public transport that attract car users
An analysis of soft transport policy measures implemented in Sweden to reduce private car use
Happiness and Satisfaction with Work Commute
Research suggests that for many people happiness is being able to make the routines of everyday life work, such that positive feelings dominate over negative feelings resulting from daily hassles. In line with this, a survey of work commuters in the three largest urban areas of Sweden show that satisfaction with the work commute contributes to overall happiness. It is also found that feelings during the commutes are predominantly positive or neut…
How in-vehicle activities affect work commuters’ satisfaction with public transport
Satisfaction with travel and subjective well-being
Behaviour theory and soft transport policy measures
Subjective well-being related to satisfaction with daily travel
Subjective well-being related to satisfaction with daily travel
Out-of-home activities, daily travel, and subjective well-being
Affective–symbolic and instrumental–independence psychological motives mediating effects of socio-demographic variables on daily car use
The relationships between awareness of consequences, environmental concern, and value orientations
Social influence on predictions of simulated stock prices
Herding in financial markets refers to that investors are influenced by others. This study addresses the importance of consistency for herding. It is suggested that, in financial markets perceptions of consistency are based on repeated observations over time. Consistency may then be perceived as the agreement across time between investors' predictions. In addition, consistency may be related to variance over time in each investor's predictions. I…
Perceived inflation and expected future prices in different currencies
Cognitive and affective risk judgements related to climate change
Happiness and Satisfaction with Work Commute
Research suggests that for many people happiness is being able to make the routines of everyday life work, such that positive feelings dominate over negative feelings resulting from daily hassles. In line with this, a survey of work commuters in the three largest urban areas of Sweden show that satisfaction with the work commute contributes to overall happiness. It is also found that feelings during the commutes are predominantly positive or neut…
A multidimensional measure of neighboring
The study reports the development of a short and easily administered questionnaire aiming at measuring dimensions of social life within neighborhoods. Principal‐components analysis consistently extracted four factors replicated in three independent samples (N=96 to 1,060). The factors emerged as theoretically meaningful dimensions tapping the concepts of supportive acts of neighboring, neighbor annoyance, neighborhood attachment, and weak social …
Affect and decision making
The seven papers in this special issue represent the breadth and complexity of approaches to the study of affect in judgment and decision processes. Four papers examine the role of arousal or specific emotions in decision making. The three other papers investigate the impacts of uncertainty, time course, and thinking about mood. We briefly describe four functions of affect in decision making (affect as information, as a spotlight, as a motivator,…
How in-vehicle activities affect work commuters’ satisfaction with public transport
Travel Demand Management Targeting Reduced Private Car Use
The private car is fast, comfortable, and convenient. However, worldwide massive car use causes serious environmental problems. Although breakthroughs in clean automobile technology may be under way, reducing car use seems necessary in order to achieve a sustainable transportation system. Several travel demand management (TDM) measures have therefore been proposed and some have been implemented with this aim. The article reviews research addressi…
Household consumption
Affective–symbolic and instrumental–independence psychological motives mediating effects of socio-demographic variables on daily car use
Spill‐over effects of intermittent costs for defection in social dilemmas
This research investigates the role of intermittent monetary costs in restraining individuals from defection in social dilemmas. In Experiment 1, 104 car owners made fictitious choices between a slow and a fast travel mode in the context of a continuous social dilemma. There were four different conditions of monetary costs for choosing the fast mode (defection): no cost, low cost, high cost to self, or high cost to others. Participants defected m…
Egoism Bias in Social Dilemmas with Resource Uncertainty
In Experiment 1 we investigated size estimates and requests from an uncertain resource in a common-pool resource dilemma. In Experiment 2, we examined contributions in a public-good dilemma with an uncertain provision threshold when participants were informed about others’ pessimistically biased estimates of the resource size or provision threshold. Supporting an individual outcome-desirability bias, but refuting a perceptual bias and an egoism b…
Differential predictability of preferences and choices
A combined multi‐attribute utility and expectancy‐value model has repeatedly been found to yield a worse fit to choices than to preference ratings. The present study investigated two possible explanations for this finding. First, people's belief‐value structures may change in the choice task as they try to find the best alternative. Second, a difficult choice task may cause the decision maker to use simplifying heuristics. In the first of two exp…
Perceived inflation and expected future prices in different currencies
Determinants of buyers' aspiration and reservation price
Distributive justice and willingness to pay for municipality child care
Public attitudes towards policy measures for reducing private car use
The Effect of Distributive Justice on Willingness to Pay for Municipality Child Care
Computational Process Modeling of Household Travel Decisions Using a Geographical Information System
Social influence on predictions of simulated stock prices
Herding in financial markets refers to that investors are influenced by others. This study addresses the importance of consistency for herding. It is suggested that, in financial markets perceptions of consistency are based on repeated observations over time. Consistency may then be perceived as the agreement across time between investors' predictions. In addition, consistency may be related to variance over time in each investor's predictions. I…
The judgment‐choice discrepancy
The study examines the relative merits of a noncompatibility and a restructuring explanation of the recurrent empirical finding that a prominent attribute looms larger in choices than in judgments. Pairs of equally attractive options were presented to 72 undergraduates who were assigned to six conditions in which they performed (1) only preference judgments or choices, (2) preference judgments or choices preceded by judgments of attractiveness of…
Heuristic rules for sequential spatial decisions
Distance Minimization in Downtown Pedestrian Shopping
Downtown pedestrian shopping was observed with the purpose of determining whether shoppers attempted to minimize walking distance, and, if so, whether, as has been suggested in previous research, they did that by successively choosing the closest locations. In downtown of an average-sized Swedish city (about 80000 residents), 150 shoppers were interviewed in a parking lot when they were coming back from shopping rounds. 69% of the shoppers visite…
Weighing third-party fairness, efficiency, and self-interest in resource allocation decisions
Mapping the potential consequences of car-use reduction in urban areas
Influencing what the money is perceived to be worth
Explanations of effects of prior income changes on buying decisions
Economic and non-economic motives for residential preferences and choices
Adults' Assessments of Children's Accident Risks
It was hypothesized that the parents, the child, other people, the environment, and chance are salient causes in adults' causal schemata of accidents in childhood and that their assessments of the likelihood of such accidents in connection with the supervision of children depend on the strength attributed to these causes. In support of the hypothesis, ratings by 72 adult nonparents (undergraduates) of the likelihood that children in different age…
Distance Minimization in Downtown Pedestrian Shopping
Downtown pedestrian shopping was observed with the purpose of determining whether shoppers attempted to minimize walking distance, and, if so, whether, as has been suggested in previous research, they did that by successively choosing the closest locations. In downtown of an average-sized Swedish city (about 80000 residents), 150 shoppers were interviewed in a parking lot when they were coming back from shopping rounds. 69% of the shoppers visite…
Differential predictability of preferences and choices
A combined multi‐attribute utility and expectancy‐value model has repeatedly been found to yield a worse fit to choices than to preference ratings. The present study investigated two possible explanations for this finding. First, people's belief‐value structures may change in the choice task as they try to find the best alternative. Second, a difficult choice task may cause the decision maker to use simplifying heuristics. In the first of two exp…
Activity‐based approaches to travel analysis
Recent policy discussions about information technology in transport and traffic demand management have increased interest in activity‐based approaches to the analysis of travel behaviour, in particular in the modelling of household activity scheduling which is at the core of many of the required changes in travel behaviour. This paper is a state‐of‐the‐art review of conceptualizations and models of activity scheduling with special regard to issue…
Economic and non-economic motives for residential preferences and choices
Heuristic rules for sequential spatial decisions
Computational Process Modeling of Household Travel Decisions Using a Geographical Information System
The judgment‐choice discrepancy
The study examines the relative merits of a noncompatibility and a restructuring explanation of the recurrent empirical finding that a prominent attribute looms larger in choices than in judgments. Pairs of equally attractive options were presented to 72 undergraduates who were assigned to six conditions in which they performed (1) only preference judgments or choices, (2) preference judgments or choices preceded by judgments of attractiveness of…
Environmentally friendly replacement of automobiles
Environmental influences on psychological restoration
Research on psychological restoration and restorative environments is a needed complement to work on stress and environmental stressors. Two laboratory experiments tested the utility of two restorative environments theories, one concerned with directed attention capacity renewal and the other with stress reduction and associated changes in emotion. Various strategies were employed to distinguish restorative effects from other effects, to limit th…
A multidimensional measure of neighboring
The study reports the development of a short and easily administered questionnaire aiming at measuring dimensions of social life within neighborhoods. Principal‐components analysis consistently extracted four factors replicated in three independent samples (N=96 to 1,060). The factors emerged as theoretically meaningful dimensions tapping the concepts of supportive acts of neighboring, neighbor annoyance, neighborhood attachment, and weak social …
A measure of restorative quality in environments
Restorative environments help renew psychological resources depleted in environments that do not fully support intended functions. The design of restorative environments can be aided and underlying theory elaborated with a means for measuring psychological factors thought to work in restorative experiences. This paper reports on four studies carried out to develop such a measure, the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS). Each study employed seve…
Effects of Interactional Space on Neighbouring
Determinants of buyers' aspiration and reservation price
Distributive justice and willingness to pay for municipality child care
Compatibility and the use of information processing strategies
When a prominent attribute looms larger in one response procedure than in another, a violation of procedure invariance occurs. A hypothesis based on compatibility between the structure of the input information and the required output was tested as an explanation of this phenomenon. It was also compared with other existing hypotheses in the field. The study had two aims: (1) to illustrate the prominence effect in a selection of preference tasks (c…
Compatibility and the use of information processing strategies
When a prominent attribute looms larger in one response procedure than in another, a violation of procedure invariance occurs. A hypothesis based on com-patibility between the structure of the input information and the required output was tested as an explanation of this phenomenon. It was also compared with other existing hypotheses in the field. The study had two aims: (1) to illustrate the prominence effect in a selection of preference tasks (…
The Effect of Distributive Justice on Willingness to Pay for Municipality Child Care
Environmental Concern
Explanations of effects of prior income changes on buying decisions
Egoism Bias in Social Dilemmas with Resource Uncertainty
In Experiment 1 we investigated size estimates and requests from an uncertain resource in a common-pool resource dilemma. In Experiment 2, we examined contributions in a public-good dilemma with an uncertain provision threshold when participants were informed about others’ pessimistically biased estimates of the resource size or provision threshold. Supporting an individual outcome-desirability bias, but refuting a perceptual bias and an egoism b…
Rating Scale Measures of Restorative Components of Environments
Influencing what the money is perceived to be worth
Spill‐over effects of intermittent costs for defection in social dilemmas
This research investigates the role of intermittent monetary costs in restraining individuals from defection in social dilemmas. In Experiment 1, 104 car owners made fictitious choices between a slow and a fast travel mode in the context of a continuous social dilemma. There were four different conditions of monetary costs for choosing the fast mode (defection): no cost, low cost, high cost to self, or high cost to others. Participants defected m…
Selective attention and heart rate responses to natural and urban environments
Psychology (42 obras) · Economics (32 obras) · Social Psychology (32 obras) · Computer Science (21 obras) · Business (18 obras) · Engineering (17 obras) · Urban Transport and Accessibility (17 obras) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (14 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (13 obras)