John W Graham
Biographic Data
| ID | 113892 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John W Graham |
| GIVEN NAMES | John W |
| FAMILY NAME | Graham |
| SIGNATURE | GRAHAM J W |
| AFFILIATIONS | Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 61 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1984 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Jews for Sale?
The world has recently learned of Oskar Schindler's efforts to save the lives of Jewish workers in his factory in Poland by bribing Nazi officials. Not as well known, however, are many other equally dramatic attempts to negotiate with the Nazis for the release of Jews in exchange for money, goods, or political benefits. In this riveting book, a leading Holocaust scholar examines these attempts, describing the cast of characters, the motives of th…
Perceived Parental Control, Restructuring Ability, and Leisure Motivation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Leisure is viewed worldwide as an important developmental context for adolescents. As leisure research and programs are shared across nations, it is crucial to examine the cultural equivalence of leisure-related constructs and how they are related. Grounded in self-determination theory, this study explored the influence of perceived parental control and leisure restructuring ability on leisure motivation (amotivation and autonomous motivation) us…
Whose Man in Havana?: Adventures from the Far Side of Diplomacy
In Whose Man in Havana? the author offers an unconventional, often dark, but more often hilarious view of diplomacy in settings as varied as Haiti, London, the Dominican Republic, the Balkans, Palestine, Paraguay, Guyana, and Kyrgyzstan, including covert monitoring of Soviet military operations in Cuba on behalf of the CIA with the blessing of President Kennedy and Prime Minister Pearson. In a career that spans the Canadian foreign service and in…
Whose Man in Havana: Adventures from the Far Side of Diplomacy
Whose Man in Havana: Adventures from the Far Side of Diplomacy
s memoir is a joyous guide to a life in the Canadian foreign service, and reassuringly he also shows that there is a life after bureaucracy.Graham joined the foreign service when becoming a Canadian diplomat was thought to be a Good Thing.Canada's Department of External Affairs managed to look glamorous from the outside, and proved to be interesting and often strenuous from the inside.Though the foreign service had its share of clunks and incompe…
Unpacking the Effect of Parental Monitoring on Early Adolescent Problem Behavior: Mediation by Parental Knowledge and Moderation by Parent–Youth Warmth
This study explores the monitoring process longitudinally among a sample of rural early adolescents and addresses two research questions: (a) Does maternal knowledge mediate the relationship between three aspects of the parental monitoring process and adolescent problem behavior: active parent monitoring efforts, youth disclosure, and parental supervision? (b) Are these meditational pathways moderated by the affective quality of the parent-child …
Adapting School‐Based Substance Use Prevention Curriculum Through Cultural Grounding: A Review and Exemplar of Adaptation Processes for Rural Schools
A central challenge facing twenty‐first century community‐based researchers and prevention scientists is curriculum adaptation processes. While early prevention efforts sought to develop effective programs, taking programs to scale implies that they will be adapted, especially as programs are implemented with populations other than those with whom they were developed or tested. The principle of cultural grounding, which argues that health message…
Linking Life Skills and Norms With Adolescent Substance Use and Delinquency in South Africa
We examined factors targeted in two popular prevention approaches with adolescent drug use and delinquency in South Africa. We hypothesized adolescent life skills to be inversely related, and perceived norms to be directly related to later drug use and delinquency. Multiple regression and a relative weights approach were conducted for each outcome using a sample of 714 South African adolescents ages 15 to 19 years ( M = 15.8 years, 57% female). P…
Describing Teacher–Student Interactions: A Qualitative Assessment of Teacher Implementation of the 7th Grade keepin’ it Real Substance Use Intervention
Variations in the delivery of school‐based substance use prevention curricula affect students’ acquisition of the lesson content and program outcomes. Although adaptation is sometimes viewed as a lack of fidelity, it is unclear what types of variations actually occur in the classroom. This observational study investigated teacher and student behaviors during implementation of a middle school‐based drug prevention curriculum in 25 schools across t…
Methods for Handling Missing Data
The field of missing data analysis has evolved quickly; outdated strategies have been replaced by missing data procedures that make use of partial data to provide unbiased and efficient parameter estimates. Here, we describe an eight-step process for performing basic missing data procedures (single and multiple imputation) using NORM (Version 2.03; Schafer, 1997) and SAS (Version 9.2; SAS, 2011a). We make use of the automation utility, MIAutomate…
Missing Data: Analysis and Design
Missing Data Analysis: Making It Work in the Real World
This review presents a practical summary of the missing data literature, including a sketch of missing data theory and descriptions of normal-model multiple imputation (MI) and maximum likelihood methods. Practical missing data analysis issues are discussed, most notably the inclusion of auxiliary variables for improving power and reducing bias. Solutions are given for missing data challenges such as handling longitudinal, categorical, and cluste…
How Many Imputations are Really Needed? Some Practical Clarifications of Multiple Imputation Theory
Planned missing data designs in psychological research.
The authors describe 2 efficiency (planned missing data) designs for measurement: the 3-form design and the 2-method measurement design. The 3-form design, a kind of matrix sampling, allows researchers to leverage limited resources to collect data for 33% more survey questions than can be answered by any 1 respondent. Power tables for estimating correlation effects illustrate the benefit of this design. The 2-method measurement design involves a …
Individual Motivation and Parental Influence on Adolescents’ Experiences of Interest in Free Time: A Longitudinal Examination
Looking for the Next George Washington Carver: Explaining Racial Difference in Employment and Earnings in Science and Engineering in the United States
Adding Missing-Data-Relevant Variables to Fiml-Based Structural Equation Models
Conventional wisdom in missing data research dictates adding variables to the missing data model when those variables are predictive of (a) missingness and (b) the variables containing missingness. However, it has recently been shown that adding variables that are correlated with variables containing missingness, whether or not they are related to missingness, can substantially improve estimation (bias and efficiency). Including large numbers of …
Methods for Handling Missing Data
This chapter describes a general approach to handling missing data in psychological research. It provides a theoretical background in readable, nontechnical fashion. Our overall goal was to give practical, usable advice, rather than to give a detailed statistical treatment of issues surrounding analysis of incomplete data. We give an overview of the older, unacceptable methods for handling incomplete data, so that readers will know what approache…
Missing data: Our view of the state of the art.
Statistical procedures for missing data have vastly improved, yet misconception and unsound practice still abound. The authors frame the missing-data problem, review methods, offer advice, and raise issues that remain unresolved. They clear up common misunderstandings regarding the missing at random (MAR) concept. They summarize the evidence against older procedures and, with few exceptions, discourage their use. They present, in both technical a…
Maximizing the Usefulness of Data Obtained with Planned Missing Value Patterns: An Application of Maximum Likelihood Procedures
Researchers often face a dilemma: Should they collect little data and emphasize quality, or much data at the expense of quality? The utility of the 3-form design coupled with maximum likelihood methods for estimation of missing values was evaluated. In 3-form design surveys, four sets of items. X, A, B, and C are administered: Each third of the subjects receives X and one combination of two other item sets - AB, BC, or AC. Variances and covarianc…
Changes in the Relationship Between Child Support Payments and Educational Attainment of Offspring, 1979–1988
We examine changes over the 1980s in the effect of child support payments on the educational attainment of children age 16 to 19 in the United States, and why child support has a stronger impact than other sources of income. We use 1979 and 1988 Current Population Survey data, covering a period when improvements in enforcement should have increased the proportion of reluctant fathers paying support. We hypothesize and find that the positive effec…
Crossvalidation of Latent Class Models of Early Substance Use Onset
Cudeck and Browne (1983) were among the first to discuss the advantages of taking a crossvalidation approach to testing of covariance structure models. The purpose of this paper is to expand on Cudeck and Browne's work in two directions. The first direction of expansion is into testing of latent class models. The second direction of expansion involves using crossvalidation to examine differences between groups, where groups may be formed by gende…
Small Change: The Economics of Child Support
Child Support and Remarriage: Implications for the Economic Well-Being of Children
This article examines the relationship between two determinants of economic well-being for divorced mothers, child support and remarriage. Using a nationally representative sample of non-Black, ever-divorced mothers eligible for child support from the 1979, 1982, 1984, and 1986 March/April match file of the Current Population Survey, we predict the probability of remarriage using four measures of child support awarded and received while controlli…
Preventing alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use among adolescents: Peer pressure resistance training versus establishing conservative norms
Unpacking the Effect of Parental Monitoring on Early Adolescent Problem Behavior: Mediation by Parental Knowledge and Moderation by Parent–Youth Warmth
This study explores the monitoring process longitudinally among a sample of rural early adolescents and addresses two research questions: (a) Does maternal knowledge mediate the relationship between three aspects of the parental monitoring process and adolescent problem behavior: active parent monitoring efforts, youth disclosure, and parental supervision? (b) Are these meditational pathways moderated by the affective quality of the parent-child …
Child support awards: Differentials and trends by race and marital status
This paper examines differentials in the award of child support by race and marital status and evaluates the impact of the child support enforcement program, begun in 1975, on child support awards. According to data from the 1979 and 1982 March/ April Match Files of the Current Population Survey, never-married mothers are significantly less likely than ever-married mothers to have a child support award; which do, however, cannot readily be explai…
Individual Motivation and Parental Influence on Adolescents’ Experiences of Interest in Free Time: A Longitudinal Examination
Child Support and Remarriage: Implications for the Economic Well-Being of Children
This article examines the relationship between two determinants of economic well-being for divorced mothers, child support and remarriage. Using a nationally representative sample of non-Black, ever-divorced mothers eligible for child support from the 1979, 1982, 1984, and 1986 March/April match file of the Current Population Survey, we predict the probability of remarriage using four measures of child support awarded and received while controlli…
Role of health locus of control beliefs and expectations of treatment efficacy in adjustment to cancer
We examined the effects of health locus of control beliefs (self-, doctor, and chance control) and expectations of treatment efficacy on short-term psychological adjustment in a sample of newly diagnosed cancer patients. The role of these beliefs and expectations in moderating the relation between (perceived and actual) disease severity and depression was also examined. The data were collected within one week of diagnosis. The relation between pe…
Perceived Parental Control, Restructuring Ability, and Leisure Motivation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Leisure is viewed worldwide as an important developmental context for adolescents. As leisure research and programs are shared across nations, it is crucial to examine the cultural equivalence of leisure-related constructs and how they are related. Grounded in self-determination theory, this study explored the influence of perceived parental control and leisure restructuring ability on leisure motivation (amotivation and autonomous motivation) us…
Linking Life Skills and Norms With Adolescent Substance Use and Delinquency in South Africa
We examined factors targeted in two popular prevention approaches with adolescent drug use and delinquency in South Africa. We hypothesized adolescent life skills to be inversely related, and perceived norms to be directly related to later drug use and delinquency. Multiple regression and a relative weights approach were conducted for each outcome using a sample of 714 South African adolescents ages 15 to 19 years ( M = 15.8 years, 57% female). P…
Describing Teacher–Student Interactions: A Qualitative Assessment of Teacher Implementation of the 7th Grade keepin’ it Real Substance Use Intervention
Variations in the delivery of school‐based substance use prevention curricula affect students’ acquisition of the lesson content and program outcomes. Although adaptation is sometimes viewed as a lack of fidelity, it is unclear what types of variations actually occur in the classroom. This observational study investigated teacher and student behaviors during implementation of a middle school‐based drug prevention curriculum in 25 schools across t…
The effect of child support enforcement on child support payments
Looking for the Next George Washington Carver: Explaining Racial Difference in Employment and Earnings in Science and Engineering in the United States
Changes in the Relationship Between Child Support Payments and Educational Attainment of Offspring, 1979–1988
We examine changes over the 1980s in the effect of child support payments on the educational attainment of children age 16 to 19 in the United States, and why child support has a stronger impact than other sources of income. We use 1979 and 1988 Current Population Survey data, covering a period when improvements in enforcement should have increased the proportion of reluctant fathers paying support. We hypothesize and find that the positive effec…
Estimating the Parameters of a Household Production Function with Joint Products
By estimating the parameters of a production function whose inputs consist of family time and market goods, the authors offer some new microeconomic estimates of the value of production that takes place in the home and also examine the concept of joint production-that is, the degree to which time devoted to home production simultaneously serves as leisure. They find evidence of substantial jointness between home production time and leisure, the d…
Child support awards: Differentials and trends by race and marital status
This paper examines differentials in the award of child support by race and marital status and evaluates the impact of the child support enforcement program, begun in 1975, on child support awards. According to data from the 1979 and 1982 March/ April Match Files of the Current Population Survey, never-married mothers are significantly less likely than ever-married mothers to have a child support award; which do, however, cannot readily be explai…
Role of health locus of control beliefs and expectations of treatment efficacy in adjustment to cancer
We examined the effects of health locus of control beliefs (self-, doctor, and chance control) and expectations of treatment efficacy on short-term psychological adjustment in a sample of newly diagnosed cancer patients. The role of these beliefs and expectations in moderating the relation between (perceived and actual) disease severity and depression was also examined. The data were collected within one week of diagnosis. The relation between pe…
Black-White Differences in Wealth and Asset Composition
Using data from the 1976 and 1978 National Longitudinal Surveys of young men and young women, this study examines racial differences in the magnitude and composition of wealth and the reasons for them. On average, young black families hold 18 percent of the wealth of young white families, and hold their wealth in proportionately different forms. Even after controlling for racial differences in income and other demographic factors, as much as thre…
Preventing alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use among adolescents: Peer pressure resistance training versus establishing conservative norms
Controlling Correlational Bias via Confirmatory Factor Analysis of MTMM Data
Confirmatory factor analysis of multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) data has proven to be a useful tool for assessing convergent and discriminant validity. However, researchers have not made full use of the results of MTMM analyses in examining the relationship between MTMM factors and variables outside the MTMM. Often, researchers simply average the various measures of each trait. Alternatively, they estimate LISREL MTMM models, but estimate only rela…
The effect of child support enforcement on child support payments
Child Support and Remarriage: Implications for the Economic Well-Being of Children
This article examines the relationship between two determinants of economic well-being for divorced mothers, child support and remarriage. Using a nationally representative sample of non-Black, ever-divorced mothers eligible for child support from the 1979, 1982, 1984, and 1986 March/April match file of the Current Population Survey, we predict the probability of remarriage using four measures of child support awarded and received while controlli…
Crossvalidation of Latent Class Models of Early Substance Use Onset
Cudeck and Browne (1983) were among the first to discuss the advantages of taking a crossvalidation approach to testing of covariance structure models. The purpose of this paper is to expand on Cudeck and Browne's work in two directions. The first direction of expansion is into testing of latent class models. The second direction of expansion involves using crossvalidation to examine differences between groups, where groups may be formed by gende…
Small Change: The Economics of Child Support
Changes in the Relationship Between Child Support Payments and Educational Attainment of Offspring, 1979–1988
We examine changes over the 1980s in the effect of child support payments on the educational attainment of children age 16 to 19 in the United States, and why child support has a stronger impact than other sources of income. We use 1979 and 1988 Current Population Survey data, covering a period when improvements in enforcement should have increased the proportion of reluctant fathers paying support. We hypothesize and find that the positive effec…
Maximizing the Usefulness of Data Obtained with Planned Missing Value Patterns: An Application of Maximum Likelihood Procedures
Researchers often face a dilemma: Should they collect little data and emphasize quality, or much data at the expense of quality? The utility of the 3-form design coupled with maximum likelihood methods for estimation of missing values was evaluated. In 3-form design surveys, four sets of items. X, A, B, and C are administered: Each third of the subjects receives X and one combination of two other item sets - AB, BC, or AC. Variances and covarianc…
Missing data: Our view of the state of the art.
Statistical procedures for missing data have vastly improved, yet misconception and unsound practice still abound. The authors frame the missing-data problem, review methods, offer advice, and raise issues that remain unresolved. They clear up common misunderstandings regarding the missing at random (MAR) concept. They summarize the evidence against older procedures and, with few exceptions, discourage their use. They present, in both technical a…
Adding Missing-Data-Relevant Variables to Fiml-Based Structural Equation Models
Conventional wisdom in missing data research dictates adding variables to the missing data model when those variables are predictive of (a) missingness and (b) the variables containing missingness. However, it has recently been shown that adding variables that are correlated with variables containing missingness, whether or not they are related to missingness, can substantially improve estimation (bias and efficiency). Including large numbers of …
Methods for Handling Missing Data
This chapter describes a general approach to handling missing data in psychological research. It provides a theoretical background in readable, nontechnical fashion. Our overall goal was to give practical, usable advice, rather than to give a detailed statistical treatment of issues surrounding analysis of incomplete data. We give an overview of the older, unacceptable methods for handling incomplete data, so that readers will know what approache…
Looking for the Next George Washington Carver: Explaining Racial Difference in Employment and Earnings in Science and Engineering in the United States
Planned missing data designs in psychological research.
The authors describe 2 efficiency (planned missing data) designs for measurement: the 3-form design and the 2-method measurement design. The 3-form design, a kind of matrix sampling, allows researchers to leverage limited resources to collect data for 33% more survey questions than can be answered by any 1 respondent. Power tables for estimating correlation effects illustrate the benefit of this design. The 2-method measurement design involves a …
Individual Motivation and Parental Influence on Adolescents’ Experiences of Interest in Free Time: A Longitudinal Examination
How Many Imputations are Really Needed? Some Practical Clarifications of Multiple Imputation Theory
Missing Data Analysis: Making It Work in the Real World
This review presents a practical summary of the missing data literature, including a sketch of missing data theory and descriptions of normal-model multiple imputation (MI) and maximum likelihood methods. Practical missing data analysis issues are discussed, most notably the inclusion of auxiliary variables for improving power and reducing bias. Solutions are given for missing data challenges such as handling longitudinal, categorical, and cluste…
Methods for Handling Missing Data
The field of missing data analysis has evolved quickly; outdated strategies have been replaced by missing data procedures that make use of partial data to provide unbiased and efficient parameter estimates. Here, we describe an eight-step process for performing basic missing data procedures (single and multiple imputation) using NORM (Version 2.03; Schafer, 1997) and SAS (Version 9.2; SAS, 2011a). We make use of the automation utility, MIAutomate…
Missing Data: Analysis and Design
Adapting School‐Based Substance Use Prevention Curriculum Through Cultural Grounding: A Review and Exemplar of Adaptation Processes for Rural Schools
A central challenge facing twenty‐first century community‐based researchers and prevention scientists is curriculum adaptation processes. While early prevention efforts sought to develop effective programs, taking programs to scale implies that they will be adapted, especially as programs are implemented with populations other than those with whom they were developed or tested. The principle of cultural grounding, which argues that health message…
Linking Life Skills and Norms With Adolescent Substance Use and Delinquency in South Africa
We examined factors targeted in two popular prevention approaches with adolescent drug use and delinquency in South Africa. We hypothesized adolescent life skills to be inversely related, and perceived norms to be directly related to later drug use and delinquency. Multiple regression and a relative weights approach were conducted for each outcome using a sample of 714 South African adolescents ages 15 to 19 years ( M = 15.8 years, 57% female). P…
Describing Teacher–Student Interactions: A Qualitative Assessment of Teacher Implementation of the 7th Grade keepin’ it Real Substance Use Intervention
Variations in the delivery of school‐based substance use prevention curricula affect students’ acquisition of the lesson content and program outcomes. Although adaptation is sometimes viewed as a lack of fidelity, it is unclear what types of variations actually occur in the classroom. This observational study investigated teacher and student behaviors during implementation of a middle school‐based drug prevention curriculum in 25 schools across t…
Psychology (14 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Econometrics (10 works) · Mathematics (10 works) · Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference (9 works) · Statistics (9 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Missing data (8 works) · Political science (8 works) · Sociology (8 works)