William C Meadows
Biographic Data
| ID | 113920 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William C Meadows |
| GIVEN NAMES | William C |
| FAMILY NAME | Meadows |
| SIGNATURE | MEADOWS W C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Missouri State University |
| ORCID | 0009-0003-0801-2655 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 9 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The Construction and Usage of Kiowa Personal Names
This article provides the first detailed study of Kiowa personal names. It analyzes the grammar of Kiowa names built from words, phrases, and sentences, as well as how Kiowas abbreviated them. This paper also discusses the meaning behind personal names. Unlike many communities, Kiowa names tend to commemorate significant events, rather than just describing people. The meaning of Kiowa names is typically rooted in a story. Kiowa names also hold pa…
Great Plains Ethnohistory: New Interdisciplinary Approaches. Edited by Rani-Henrik Anderson, Logan Sutton, and Thierry Veyrié
The Comanche Indian Veterans Association: A Native American veterans organization and PTSD
The Comanche (Numunuu) were the dominant Native culture on the Southern Plains during much of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. With confinement to a reservation in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) in 1875 and the end of traditional warfare, Comanche martial roles changed drastically. Since then, nearly 1,300 Comanches have served in the US Armed Forces. In 1976 the Comanche Indian Veterans Association (CIVA) was formed. While significant l…
Just give me that respect, that I'm a veteran: The Kiowa Women Warriors Color Guard-Changing Women's and Veteran's Roles among the Kiowa
While the number of Native American women veterans continues to increase, they are often neither recognized nor honored as veterans. Over the last decade several Native American all-women veteran color guards have emerged, including the Kiowa Women Warriors (KWW). Wearing eagle feather war bonnets, white gloves, and matching dresses bearing their military insignia, the KWW have served as a color guard at powwows and events throughout Oklahoma and…
R. Scott Sheffield and Noah Riseman. Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: The Politics, Experiences and Legacies of War in the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand
Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: The Politics, Experiences and Legacies of War in the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, by historians R. Scott Sheffield and Noah Riseman, focuses on a detailed comparison of the military service and postwar developments of Indigenous peoples in four settler colonial states during World War II: Native Americans of the United States, First Nations Peoples of Canada, the Māori of New Zealand, and the…
The Return of the Numu Pukutsi: Reclaiming a Comanche Warrior Tradition
The Numu Pukutsinuu, or Pukutsi, were nineteenth-century Comanche (Numunuu) warriors who followed ritual contrary roles in combat and everyday life. Following the end of traditional Plains Indian warfare and their cessation, Comanches soon began regaining veteran status through service in the US Armed Forces. While several Southern Plains tribes later revived traditional men's warrior societies and created veteran's organizations, none have forma…
Kiowa at the Battle of the Washita, 27 November 1868
While the Battle of the Washita of 27 November 1868 is a well-documented event in Native American and Southern Plains history, especially regarding the Cheyenne, Kiowa involvement is little known. This work sheds light on which Kiowa were at the battle and their participation, through an examination of US military records, Kiowa ledger art, oral histories, onomastics, photographs, and an unpublished account from Kein-taddle of her husband's (Chie…
White Hat: The Military Career of William Philo Clark. By Mark J. Nelson
Mark J. Nelson’s White Hat is a long-overdue and badly needed volume on Captain William Philo Clark, an important figure in the Northern Plains military and Indian history of the 1860s and 1870s and in the study of Plains Indian Sign Language (PISL). Although Clark’s diary has never surfaced, Nelson richly reconstructs Clark’s life through military records, official correspondence, and his posthumously published book The Indian Sign Language. In …
Kiowa Belief and Ritual
This is a long-awaited, revised portion of Kracht’s 1989 doctoral dissertation. The entire volume focuses on Native American belief, using data from the voluminous 1935 Santa Fe Laboratory of Anthropology’s Kiowa Field School Notes, with material from Alice Marriott and James Mooney’s field notes and Kracht’s own fieldwork. The book addresses Kiowa belief and ritual in general, while focusing on major prereservation (pre-1875) religious forms (Su…
An Honor Long Overdue: The 2013 Congressional Gold and Silver Medal Ceremonies in Honor of Native American Code Talkers
military efforts in both world wars. Code talking used Native American languages to transmit military intelligence which an enemy could monitor, but not understand. After it was discovered during the First World War that Germans were able to monitor American telephone transmissions, small numbers of Eastern Band Cherokee, Choctaw, Comanche, and others were placed on field telephones to speak messages in their Native languages as a way to stymie G…
New Data on Kiowa Protohistoric Origins
The location and movements of the Kiowa prior to appearing in the historical record around 1700 in present-day southwestern Montana have long eluded scholars. This article presents new data from a family oral tradition relating to protohistoric (ca. pre-1700) Kiowa demography. A number of specific lexical items and their order in the account describe a south-to-north movement from the Colorado Plateau of present-day New Mexico/Colorado to the Yel…
Kiowa Ethnonymy of Other Populations
While several studies of Native American place names exist inventories of a particular tribe’s names for other populations are largely lacking. This work presents 121 Kiowa ethnonyms of other Native American and non-Native populations. Data are examined for their qualitative breadth and quantitative semantic bases, shedding insights on Kiowa cultural views and relations with other tribes. Results suggest a number of observations about the basic s…
Honoring Native American Code Talkers
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William Meadows; Honoring Native American Code Talkers: The Road to the Code Talkers Recognition Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-420). American Indian Culture and Research Journal 1 January 2011; 35 (3): 1–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.17953/aicr.35.3.r067rg4…
Plains Apache Ethnobotany, by Julia A. Jordan
“They Had a Chance to Talk to One Another…”: The Role of Incidence in Native American Code Talking
While formally recruited groups of Native American code talkers used in World War II, such as the Navajo, Comanche, and later the Meskwaki and Hopi, are well known, this article focuses on the incidental use of Native Americans in U.S. Armed Forces communications in both world wars. This essay documents several instances in which the presence of Native American soldiers within the same or nearby units who spoke a common native language was discov…
Kiowa ethnogeography
Examining the place names, geographical knowledge, and cultural associations of the Kiowa from the earliest recorded sources to the present, Kiowa Ethnogeography is the most indepth study of its kind in the realm of Plains Indian tribal analysis. Linking geography to political and social changes, William Meadows applies a chronological approach that demonstrates a cultural evolution within the Kiowa community
The Kiowa Drawings of Gotebo (1847-1927): A Self-Portrait of Cultural and Religious Transition
Ten color drawings made by Gotebo, a Kiowa, around 1914 chronicle several of the major cultural and religious experiences and transitions in his life from the pre-reservation period into the early twentieth century. Focusing on the period between circa 1865 to the 1890s, the drawings illustrate his experiences as a warrior, his first two marriages, and his religious participation in the Sun Dance, Peyotism, and Christianity. Because so much Plain…
The Comanche Code Talkers of World War II
Among the allied troops that came ashore in Normandy on D-Day, June 6, 1944, were thirteen Comanches in the 4th Infantry Division, 4th Signal Company. Under German fire they laid communications lines and began sending messages in a form never before heard in Europe—coded Comanche. For the rest of World War II, the Comanche Code Talkers played a vital role in transmitting orders and messages in a code that was never broken by the Germans. This boo…
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies: Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present
Journal Article Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies: Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present. By William C. Meadows. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. xxxii, 495 pp. $65.00, isbn 0-292-75212-1.) Get access F. Todd Smith F. Todd Smith University of North Texas Denton, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 88, Issue 3, December 2001, Page 1089, https://do…
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche: Military Societies
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies
Journal Article Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies Get access Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies. By Meadows William C.. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. xx + 495 pp. Illustrations, tables, notes, bibliography, index. $65.00.) Steven M. Karr Steven M. Karr Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Western Histor…
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies: Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present
Kiowa at the Battle of the Washita, 27 November 1868
While the Battle of the Washita of 27 November 1868 is a well-documented event in Native American and Southern Plains history, especially regarding the Cheyenne, Kiowa involvement is little known. This work sheds light on which Kiowa were at the battle and their participation, through an examination of US military records, Kiowa ledger art, oral histories, onomastics, photographs, and an unpublished account from Kein-taddle of her husband's (Chie…
Kiowa Ethnonymy of Other Populations
While several studies of Native American place names exist inventories of a particular tribe’s names for other populations are largely lacking. This work presents 121 Kiowa ethnonyms of other Native American and non-Native populations. Data are examined for their qualitative breadth and quantitative semantic bases, shedding insights on Kiowa cultural views and relations with other tribes. Results suggest a number of observations about the basic s…
Just give me that respect, that I'm a veteran: The Kiowa Women Warriors Color Guard-Changing Women's and Veteran's Roles among the Kiowa
While the number of Native American women veterans continues to increase, they are often neither recognized nor honored as veterans. Over the last decade several Native American all-women veteran color guards have emerged, including the Kiowa Women Warriors (KWW). Wearing eagle feather war bonnets, white gloves, and matching dresses bearing their military insignia, the KWW have served as a color guard at powwows and events throughout Oklahoma and…
The Return of the Numu Pukutsi: Reclaiming a Comanche Warrior Tradition
The Numu Pukutsinuu, or Pukutsi, were nineteenth-century Comanche (Numunuu) warriors who followed ritual contrary roles in combat and everyday life. Following the end of traditional Plains Indian warfare and their cessation, Comanches soon began regaining veteran status through service in the US Armed Forces. While several Southern Plains tribes later revived traditional men's warrior societies and created veteran's organizations, none have forma…
New Data on Kiowa Protohistoric Origins
The location and movements of the Kiowa prior to appearing in the historical record around 1700 in present-day southwestern Montana have long eluded scholars. This article presents new data from a family oral tradition relating to protohistoric (ca. pre-1700) Kiowa demography. A number of specific lexical items and their order in the account describe a south-to-north movement from the Colorado Plateau of present-day New Mexico/Colorado to the Yel…
The Kiowa Drawings of Gotebo (1847-1927): A Self-Portrait of Cultural and Religious Transition
Ten color drawings made by Gotebo, a Kiowa, around 1914 chronicle several of the major cultural and religious experiences and transitions in his life from the pre-reservation period into the early twentieth century. Focusing on the period between circa 1865 to the 1890s, the drawings illustrate his experiences as a warrior, his first two marriages, and his religious participation in the Sun Dance, Peyotism, and Christianity. Because so much Plain…
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche: Military Societies
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies: Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies: Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present
Journal Article Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies: Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present. By William C. Meadows. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. xxxii, 495 pp. $65.00, isbn 0-292-75212-1.) Get access F. Todd Smith F. Todd Smith University of North Texas Denton, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 88, Issue 3, December 2001, Page 1089, https://do…
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche: Military Societies
Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies
Journal Article Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies Get access Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Military Societies. By Meadows William C.. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. xx + 495 pp. Illustrations, tables, notes, bibliography, index. $65.00.) Steven M. Karr Steven M. Karr Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Western Histor…
The Comanche Code Talkers of World War II
Among the allied troops that came ashore in Normandy on D-Day, June 6, 1944, were thirteen Comanches in the 4th Infantry Division, 4th Signal Company. Under German fire they laid communications lines and began sending messages in a form never before heard in Europe—coded Comanche. For the rest of World War II, the Comanche Code Talkers played a vital role in transmitting orders and messages in a code that was never broken by the Germans. This boo…
The Kiowa Drawings of Gotebo (1847-1927): A Self-Portrait of Cultural and Religious Transition
Ten color drawings made by Gotebo, a Kiowa, around 1914 chronicle several of the major cultural and religious experiences and transitions in his life from the pre-reservation period into the early twentieth century. Focusing on the period between circa 1865 to the 1890s, the drawings illustrate his experiences as a warrior, his first two marriages, and his religious participation in the Sun Dance, Peyotism, and Christianity. Because so much Plain…
Kiowa ethnogeography
Examining the place names, geographical knowledge, and cultural associations of the Kiowa from the earliest recorded sources to the present, Kiowa Ethnogeography is the most indepth study of its kind in the realm of Plains Indian tribal analysis. Linking geography to political and social changes, William Meadows applies a chronological approach that demonstrates a cultural evolution within the Kiowa community
Plains Apache Ethnobotany, by Julia A. Jordan
“They Had a Chance to Talk to One Another…”: The Role of Incidence in Native American Code Talking
While formally recruited groups of Native American code talkers used in World War II, such as the Navajo, Comanche, and later the Meskwaki and Hopi, are well known, this article focuses on the incidental use of Native Americans in U.S. Armed Forces communications in both world wars. This essay documents several instances in which the presence of Native American soldiers within the same or nearby units who spoke a common native language was discov…
Honoring Native American Code Talkers
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William Meadows; Honoring Native American Code Talkers: The Road to the Code Talkers Recognition Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-420). American Indian Culture and Research Journal 1 January 2011; 35 (3): 1–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.17953/aicr.35.3.r067rg4…
Kiowa Ethnonymy of Other Populations
While several studies of Native American place names exist inventories of a particular tribe’s names for other populations are largely lacking. This work presents 121 Kiowa ethnonyms of other Native American and non-Native populations. Data are examined for their qualitative breadth and quantitative semantic bases, shedding insights on Kiowa cultural views and relations with other tribes. Results suggest a number of observations about the basic s…
An Honor Long Overdue: The 2013 Congressional Gold and Silver Medal Ceremonies in Honor of Native American Code Talkers
military efforts in both world wars. Code talking used Native American languages to transmit military intelligence which an enemy could monitor, but not understand. After it was discovered during the First World War that Germans were able to monitor American telephone transmissions, small numbers of Eastern Band Cherokee, Choctaw, Comanche, and others were placed on field telephones to speak messages in their Native languages as a way to stymie G…
New Data on Kiowa Protohistoric Origins
The location and movements of the Kiowa prior to appearing in the historical record around 1700 in present-day southwestern Montana have long eluded scholars. This article presents new data from a family oral tradition relating to protohistoric (ca. pre-1700) Kiowa demography. A number of specific lexical items and their order in the account describe a south-to-north movement from the Colorado Plateau of present-day New Mexico/Colorado to the Yel…
Kiowa Belief and Ritual
This is a long-awaited, revised portion of Kracht’s 1989 doctoral dissertation. The entire volume focuses on Native American belief, using data from the voluminous 1935 Santa Fe Laboratory of Anthropology’s Kiowa Field School Notes, with material from Alice Marriott and James Mooney’s field notes and Kracht’s own fieldwork. The book addresses Kiowa belief and ritual in general, while focusing on major prereservation (pre-1875) religious forms (Su…
White Hat: The Military Career of William Philo Clark. By Mark J. Nelson
Mark J. Nelson’s White Hat is a long-overdue and badly needed volume on Captain William Philo Clark, an important figure in the Northern Plains military and Indian history of the 1860s and 1870s and in the study of Plains Indian Sign Language (PISL). Although Clark’s diary has never surfaced, Nelson richly reconstructs Clark’s life through military records, official correspondence, and his posthumously published book The Indian Sign Language. In …
Kiowa at the Battle of the Washita, 27 November 1868
While the Battle of the Washita of 27 November 1868 is a well-documented event in Native American and Southern Plains history, especially regarding the Cheyenne, Kiowa involvement is little known. This work sheds light on which Kiowa were at the battle and their participation, through an examination of US military records, Kiowa ledger art, oral histories, onomastics, photographs, and an unpublished account from Kein-taddle of her husband's (Chie…
The Return of the Numu Pukutsi: Reclaiming a Comanche Warrior Tradition
The Numu Pukutsinuu, or Pukutsi, were nineteenth-century Comanche (Numunuu) warriors who followed ritual contrary roles in combat and everyday life. Following the end of traditional Plains Indian warfare and their cessation, Comanches soon began regaining veteran status through service in the US Armed Forces. While several Southern Plains tribes later revived traditional men's warrior societies and created veteran's organizations, none have forma…
R. Scott Sheffield and Noah Riseman. Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: The Politics, Experiences and Legacies of War in the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand
Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: The Politics, Experiences and Legacies of War in the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, by historians R. Scott Sheffield and Noah Riseman, focuses on a detailed comparison of the military service and postwar developments of Indigenous peoples in four settler colonial states during World War II: Native Americans of the United States, First Nations Peoples of Canada, the Māori of New Zealand, and the…
The Comanche Indian Veterans Association: A Native American veterans organization and PTSD
The Comanche (Numunuu) were the dominant Native culture on the Southern Plains during much of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. With confinement to a reservation in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) in 1875 and the end of traditional warfare, Comanche martial roles changed drastically. Since then, nearly 1,300 Comanches have served in the US Armed Forces. In 1976 the Comanche Indian Veterans Association (CIVA) was formed. While significant l…
Just give me that respect, that I'm a veteran: The Kiowa Women Warriors Color Guard-Changing Women's and Veteran's Roles among the Kiowa
While the number of Native American women veterans continues to increase, they are often neither recognized nor honored as veterans. Over the last decade several Native American all-women veteran color guards have emerged, including the Kiowa Women Warriors (KWW). Wearing eagle feather war bonnets, white gloves, and matching dresses bearing their military insignia, the KWW have served as a color guard at powwows and events throughout Oklahoma and…
Great Plains Ethnohistory: New Interdisciplinary Approaches. Edited by Rani-Henrik Anderson, Logan Sutton, and Thierry Veyrié
The Construction and Usage of Kiowa Personal Names
This article provides the first detailed study of Kiowa personal names. It analyzes the grammar of Kiowa names built from words, phrases, and sentences, as well as how Kiowas abbreviated them. This paper also discusses the meaning behind personal names. Unlike many communities, Kiowa names tend to commemorate significant events, rather than just describing people. The meaning of Kiowa names is typically rooted in a story. Kiowa names also hold pa…
History (19 works) · Archaeology and Natural History (8 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Genealogy (6 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Archaeology (5 works) · History (5 works) · Anthropology: Ethics, History, Culture (4 works) · Anthropology (3 works) · Classics (3 works)