T D Weaver
Biographic Data
| ID | 11409 |
|---|---|
| NAME | T D Weaver |
| GIVEN NAMES | T D |
| FAMILY NAME | Weaver |
| SIGNATURE | WEAVER T D |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Davis |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0057-0663 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 371 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Neandertal Skeletal Anatomy: Form, Function and Paleobiology
The Neandertals (Homo neanderthalensis) are an extinct human species closely related to modern humans. They have the most extensive and well-documented fossil record of any fossil human group, allowing for a detailed understanding of their skeletal anatomy. This book offers a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on Neandertals, presenting an in-depth exploration of their paleobiology through both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Con…
Inferring archaic introgression from hominin genetic data
Questions surrounding the timing, extent, and evolutionary consequences of archaic admixture into human populations have a long history in evolutionary anthropology. More recently, advances in human genetics, particularly in the field of ancient DNA, have shed new light on the question of whether or not Homo sapiens interbred with other hominin groups. By the late 1990s, published genetic work had largely concluded that archaic groups made no las…
Virtual reconstruction of the Kebara 2 Neanderthal pelvis
Effects of hybridization on pelvic morphology: A macaque model
Ancient DNA analyses have shown that interbreeding between hominin taxa occurred multiple times. Although admixture is often reflected in skeletal phenotype, the relationship between the two remains poorly understood, hampering interpretation of the hominin fossil record. Direct study of this relationship is often impossible due to the paucity of hominin fossils and difficulties retrieving ancient genetic material. Here, we use a sample of known …
Ontogeny of the distal femoral metaphyseal surface and its relationship to locomotor behavior in hominoids
OBJECTIVE: Distal femoral metaphyseal surface morphology is highly variable in extant mammals. This variation has previously been linked to differences in locomotor behavior. We perform the first systematic survey and description of the development of this morphology in extant hominoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected 3D surface laser scans of the femora of 179 human and great ape individuals throughout all subadult stages of development. We…
The Dentition of the Earliest Modern Humans: How ‘Modern’ Are They
A mixed model for the relationship between climate and human cranial form
OBJECTIVES: We expand upon a multivariate mixed model from quantitative genetics in order to estimate the magnitude of climate effects in a global sample of recent human crania. In humans, genetic distances are correlated with distances based on cranial form, suggesting that population structure influences both genetic and quantitative trait variation. Studies controlling for this structure have demonstrated significant underlying associations of…
Comparative perspective on antemortem tooth loss in Neandertals
Brief Communication: Quantitative‐ and molecular‐genetic differentiation in humans and chimpanzees: Implications for the evolutionary processes underlying cranial diversification
Estimates of the amount of genetic differentiation in humans among major geographic regions (e.g., Eastern Asia vs. Europe) from quantitative‐genetic analyses of cranial measurements closely match those from classical‐ and molecular‐genetic markers. Typically, among‐region differences account for ∼10% of the total variation. This correspondence is generally interpreted as evidence for the importance of neutral evolutionary processes (e.g., geneti…
Variation and signatures of selection on the human face
There has been much debate about why humans throughout the world differ in facial form. Previous studies of human skull morphology found levels of among-population differentiation that were comparable to those of neutral genetic markers, suggesting that genetic drift (neutral processes) played an important role in influencing facial differentiation. However, variation in soft-tissue morphology has not been studied in detail. In this study, we ana…
Refining the Quadratic Crown Height Method of age estimation: Do elk teeth wear quadratically with age
Did a discrete event 200,000-100,000 years ago produce modern humans
Cross-platform program for likelihood-based statistical comparisons of mortality profiles on a triangular graph
The abundance of eland, buffalo, and wild pigs in Middle and Later Stone Age sites
Do modern humans and Neandertals have different patterns of cranial integration
Brief communication: A probabilistic approach to age estimation from infracranial sequences of maturation
Infracranial sequences of maturation are commonly used to estimate the age at death of nonadult specimens found in archaeological, paleoanthropological, or forensic contexts. Typically, an age assessment is made by comparing the degree of long‐bone epiphyseal fusion in the target specimen to the age ranges for different stages of fusion in a reference skeletal collection. While useful as a first approximation, this approach has a number of shortc…
Neandertal birth canal shape and the evolution of human childbirth
Childbirth is complicated in humans relative to other primates. Unlike the situation in great apes, human neonates are about the same size as the birth canal, making passage difficult. The birth mechanism (the series of rotations that the neonate must undergo to successfully negotiate its mother's birth canal) distinguishes humans not only from great apes, but also from lesser apes and monkeys. Tracing the evolution of human childbirth is difficu…
The meaning of Neandertal skeletal morphology
A procedure is outlined for distinguishing among competing hypotheses for fossil morphology and then used to evaluate current views on the meaning of Neandertal skeletal morphology. Three explanations have dominated debates about the meaning of Neandertal cranial features: climatic adaptation, anterior dental loading, and genetic drift. Neither climatic adaptation nor anterior dental loading are well supported, but genetic drift is consistent wit…
Insights from a quantitative genetic approach to human morphological evolution
Who made the Aurignacian and other early Upper Paleolithic industries
New developments in the genetic evidence for modern human origins
The genetic evidence for modern human origins was reviewed recently in Evolutionary Anthropology by Pearson,1 so our goal is to highlight new developments rather than attempt a comprehensive review. For years, polarized Multiregional and Out-of-Africa models for modern human origins were debated vigorously, but today there is substantial agreement among specialists. One area of broad consensus is that Africa or, more accurately, sub-Saharan Afric…
The affinity of the dental remains from Obi-Rakhmat Grotto, Uzbekistan
Brief communication: Infracranial maturation in the skeletal collection from Coimbra, Portugal: New aging standards for epiphyseal union
Age at death of a single skeletal individual or a group is essential information in archaeological, paleoanthropological, and forensic contexts. Dental remains are the most commonly used age indicators, but when the dentition is not available, or too few teeth are present for an accurate age assessment, other age indicators such as skeletal maturation must be used. Of particular utility in this regard is the fusion of the epiphyses of the infracr…
The effects of body proportions on thermoregulation: An experimental assessment of Allen's rule
Reliability of cranial morphology in reconstructing Neanderthal phylogeny
Multivariate apportionment of global human craniometric diversity
Extensive research in human genetics on presumably neutral loci has shown that the overwhelming majority of human diversity is found among individuals within local populations. Previous apportionments of craniometric diversity are similar to these genetic apportionments, implying that interregionally differing selection pressures have played a limited role in producing contemporary human cranial diversity. Here we show that when cranial variation…
Cross-platform program for likelihood-based statistical comparisons of mortality profiles on a triangular graph
The affinity of the dental remains from Obi-Rakhmat Grotto, Uzbekistan
Who made the Aurignacian and other early Upper Paleolithic industries
The effects of body proportions on thermoregulation: An experimental assessment of Allen's rule
Brief communication: Infracranial maturation in the skeletal collection from Coimbra, Portugal: New aging standards for epiphyseal union
Age at death of a single skeletal individual or a group is essential information in archaeological, paleoanthropological, and forensic contexts. Dental remains are the most commonly used age indicators, but when the dentition is not available, or too few teeth are present for an accurate age assessment, other age indicators such as skeletal maturation must be used. Of particular utility in this regard is the fusion of the epiphyses of the infracr…
The Modified Triangular Graph: A Refined Method for Comparing Mortality Profiles in Archaeological Samples
Did a discrete event 200,000-100,000 years ago produce modern humans
Brief communication: A probabilistic approach to age estimation from infracranial sequences of maturation
Infracranial sequences of maturation are commonly used to estimate the age at death of nonadult specimens found in archaeological, paleoanthropological, or forensic contexts. Typically, an age assessment is made by comparing the degree of long‐bone epiphyseal fusion in the target specimen to the age ranges for different stages of fusion in a reference skeletal collection. While useful as a first approximation, this approach has a number of shortc…
Ancient DNA, Late Neandertal Survival, and Modern-Human-Neandertal Genetic Admixture
Author: Weaver, Timothy D. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 2005; Keywords: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms ; Human y-chromosomes ; Population-growth ; Demographic history ; Radiocarbon-dates ; Late pleistocene ; Human-evolution ; Human origins ; Mitochondrial ; Remains.; Title: Ancient DNA, late neandertal survival, and modern-human-Neandertal genetic admixture
A mixed model for the relationship between climate and human cranial form
OBJECTIVES: We expand upon a multivariate mixed model from quantitative genetics in order to estimate the magnitude of climate effects in a global sample of recent human crania. In humans, genetic distances are correlated with distances based on cranial form, suggesting that population structure influences both genetic and quantitative trait variation. Studies controlling for this structure have demonstrated significant underlying associations of…
Refining the Quadratic Crown Height Method of age estimation: Do elk teeth wear quadratically with age
The abundance of eland, buffalo, and wild pigs in Middle and Later Stone Age sites
Do modern humans and Neandertals have different patterns of cranial integration
Effects of hybridization on pelvic morphology: A macaque model
Ancient DNA analyses have shown that interbreeding between hominin taxa occurred multiple times. Although admixture is often reflected in skeletal phenotype, the relationship between the two remains poorly understood, hampering interpretation of the hominin fossil record. Direct study of this relationship is often impossible due to the paucity of hominin fossils and difficulties retrieving ancient genetic material. Here, we use a sample of known …
Brief Communication: Quantitative‐ and molecular‐genetic differentiation in humans and chimpanzees: Implications for the evolutionary processes underlying cranial diversification
Estimates of the amount of genetic differentiation in humans among major geographic regions (e.g., Eastern Asia vs. Europe) from quantitative‐genetic analyses of cranial measurements closely match those from classical‐ and molecular‐genetic markers. Typically, among‐region differences account for ∼10% of the total variation. This correspondence is generally interpreted as evidence for the importance of neutral evolutionary processes (e.g., geneti…
Virtual reconstruction of the Kebara 2 Neanderthal pelvis
Ontogeny of the distal femoral metaphyseal surface and its relationship to locomotor behavior in hominoids
OBJECTIVE: Distal femoral metaphyseal surface morphology is highly variable in extant mammals. This variation has previously been linked to differences in locomotor behavior. We perform the first systematic survey and description of the development of this morphology in extant hominoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected 3D surface laser scans of the femora of 179 human and great ape individuals throughout all subadult stages of development. We…
Comparative perspective on antemortem tooth loss in Neandertals
The Modified Triangular Graph: A Refined Method for Comparing Mortality Profiles in Archaeological Samples
The shape of the Neandertal femur is primarily the consequence of a hyperpolar body form
Neandertal femora are distinct from contemporaneous near-modern human femora. Traditionally, these contrasts in femoral shape have been explained as the result of the elevated activity levels and limited cultural abilities of Neandertals. More recently, however, researchers have realized that many of these femoral differences may be explained by the cold-adapted bodies of Neandertals vs. the warm-adapted bodies of near-modern humans. This study e…
Multivariate apportionment of global human craniometric diversity
Extensive research in human genetics on presumably neutral loci has shown that the overwhelming majority of human diversity is found among individuals within local populations. Previous apportionments of craniometric diversity are similar to these genetic apportionments, implying that interregionally differing selection pressures have played a limited role in producing contemporary human cranial diversity. Here we show that when cranial variation…
Does Climate or Mobility Explain the Differences in Body Proportions Between Neandertals and Their Upper Paleolithic Successors
Author: Weaver, Timothy D. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 2005; Keywords: Energetics ; Europe ; Locomotion ; Paleoanthropology ; Selection. ; Modern human origins ; Lower-limb length ; Postcranial robusticity ; Mesolithic europe ; Cold adaptation ; Bergmanns rule ; Evolution ; Humans ; Size ; Hominins.; Title: Does climate or mobility explain the differences in body proportions between neandertals and their upper paleolithic successors
Ancient DNA, Late Neandertal Survival, and Modern-Human-Neandertal Genetic Admixture
Author: Weaver, Timothy D. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 2005; Keywords: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms ; Human y-chromosomes ; Population-growth ; Demographic history ; Radiocarbon-dates ; Late pleistocene ; Human-evolution ; Human origins ; Mitochondrial ; Remains.; Title: Ancient DNA, late neandertal survival, and modern-human-Neandertal genetic admixture
Reliability of cranial morphology in reconstructing Neanderthal phylogeny
Human cranial anatomy and the differential preservation of population history and climate signatures
Cranial morphology is widely used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships, but its reliability in reflecting phylogeny and population history has been questioned. Some cranial regions, particularly the face and neurocranium, are believed to be influenced by the environment and prone to convergence. Others, such as the temporal bone, are thought to reflect more accurately phylogenetic relationships. Direct testing of these hypotheses was not pos…
Brief communication: Infracranial maturation in the skeletal collection from Coimbra, Portugal: New aging standards for epiphyseal union
Age at death of a single skeletal individual or a group is essential information in archaeological, paleoanthropological, and forensic contexts. Dental remains are the most commonly used age indicators, but when the dentition is not available, or too few teeth are present for an accurate age assessment, other age indicators such as skeletal maturation must be used. Of particular utility in this regard is the fusion of the epiphyses of the infracr…
The effects of body proportions on thermoregulation: An experimental assessment of Allen's rule
New developments in the genetic evidence for modern human origins
The genetic evidence for modern human origins was reviewed recently in Evolutionary Anthropology by Pearson,1 so our goal is to highlight new developments rather than attempt a comprehensive review. For years, polarized Multiregional and Out-of-Africa models for modern human origins were debated vigorously, but today there is substantial agreement among specialists. One area of broad consensus is that Africa or, more accurately, sub-Saharan Afric…
The affinity of the dental remains from Obi-Rakhmat Grotto, Uzbekistan
Neandertal birth canal shape and the evolution of human childbirth
Childbirth is complicated in humans relative to other primates. Unlike the situation in great apes, human neonates are about the same size as the birth canal, making passage difficult. The birth mechanism (the series of rotations that the neonate must undergo to successfully negotiate its mother's birth canal) distinguishes humans not only from great apes, but also from lesser apes and monkeys. Tracing the evolution of human childbirth is difficu…
The meaning of Neandertal skeletal morphology
A procedure is outlined for distinguishing among competing hypotheses for fossil morphology and then used to evaluate current views on the meaning of Neandertal skeletal morphology. Three explanations have dominated debates about the meaning of Neandertal cranial features: climatic adaptation, anterior dental loading, and genetic drift. Neither climatic adaptation nor anterior dental loading are well supported, but genetic drift is consistent wit…
Insights from a quantitative genetic approach to human morphological evolution
Who made the Aurignacian and other early Upper Paleolithic industries
Brief communication: A probabilistic approach to age estimation from infracranial sequences of maturation
Infracranial sequences of maturation are commonly used to estimate the age at death of nonadult specimens found in archaeological, paleoanthropological, or forensic contexts. Typically, an age assessment is made by comparing the degree of long‐bone epiphyseal fusion in the target specimen to the age ranges for different stages of fusion in a reference skeletal collection. While useful as a first approximation, this approach has a number of shortc…
Cross-platform program for likelihood-based statistical comparisons of mortality profiles on a triangular graph
The abundance of eland, buffalo, and wild pigs in Middle and Later Stone Age sites
Do modern humans and Neandertals have different patterns of cranial integration
Refining the Quadratic Crown Height Method of age estimation: Do elk teeth wear quadratically with age
Did a discrete event 200,000-100,000 years ago produce modern humans
Brief Communication: Quantitative‐ and molecular‐genetic differentiation in humans and chimpanzees: Implications for the evolutionary processes underlying cranial diversification
Estimates of the amount of genetic differentiation in humans among major geographic regions (e.g., Eastern Asia vs. Europe) from quantitative‐genetic analyses of cranial measurements closely match those from classical‐ and molecular‐genetic markers. Typically, among‐region differences account for ∼10% of the total variation. This correspondence is generally interpreted as evidence for the importance of neutral evolutionary processes (e.g., geneti…
Variation and signatures of selection on the human face
There has been much debate about why humans throughout the world differ in facial form. Previous studies of human skull morphology found levels of among-population differentiation that were comparable to those of neutral genetic markers, suggesting that genetic drift (neutral processes) played an important role in influencing facial differentiation. However, variation in soft-tissue morphology has not been studied in detail. In this study, we ana…
A mixed model for the relationship between climate and human cranial form
OBJECTIVES: We expand upon a multivariate mixed model from quantitative genetics in order to estimate the magnitude of climate effects in a global sample of recent human crania. In humans, genetic distances are correlated with distances based on cranial form, suggesting that population structure influences both genetic and quantitative trait variation. Studies controlling for this structure have demonstrated significant underlying associations of…
Comparative perspective on antemortem tooth loss in Neandertals
Biology (24 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (24 works) · Evolutionary biology (20 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (17 works) · Geography (12 works) · Morphological variations and asymmetry (12 works) · Archaeology (11 works) · Paleontology (11 works) · Demography (9 works) · Forensic and Genetic Research (9 works)