Klaus R Scherer
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 115074 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Klaus R Scherer |
| NOMBRES | Klaus R |
| APELLIDO | Scherer |
| FIRMA | SCHERER K R |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Geneva |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9526-0144 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 110 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 807 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 106 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 4 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1972 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
Emotion word meaning and grammatical class
In the study of emotion across disciplines emotion labels such as ‘ anger’ , ‘ fear’ or ‘ joy’ are frequently used in experiments as stimuli or as response prompts. Both nouns (e.g., ‘ anger’ ) and adjectives (e.g., ‘ angry’ ) are used indistinctly, assumed to mean the same. However, grammatical class has been claimed to carry meaning, with nouns construing entities as “things” and adjectives as “qualities”. This could influence the way emotional…
Comparing animal and human emotions – how theory can help (and which one to choose)
Emotion processes in social and political contexts
covering both negative and positive aspects, as the most promising candidate. Finally, I consider the potential role of mixed or blended emotions as well as the potential contributions of appraisal theory, especially with respect to appraisal bias and ensuing emotion dispositions and action tendencies
Emotion processes and perceptual control of action choice
Emotion regulation via reappraisal – mechanisms and strategies
The mystery of emotional mimicry
Emotions, social coordination, and the danger of affective polarisation
Theories in cognition & emotion – social functions of emotion
It is widely recognised that emotions have important social functions, particularly with respect to the interaction between individual needs and preferences and socio-cultural norms and values. So far, however, a general theoretical framework has been missing for the social functions of emotion. In this issue of the special theory section of Cognition & Emotion, an invited article by Keltner et al. proposes an expanded version of social functiona…
Theory convergence in emotion science is timely and realistic
Over the last century, emotion research has been beset by the problem of major disagreements with respect to the definition of the phenomenon and an abundance of different theories. Arguably, these divergences have had adverse effects on theory development, on the theoretical foundations of empirical research, and on knowledge accumulation in the study of emotion. Similar problems have been encountered in other areas of behavioural science. Incre…
Linear and non-linear relationships among the dimensions representing the cognitive structure of emotion
While dimensional models play a key role in emotion psychology, no consensus has been reached about their number and nature. The current study sheds a new light on this central issue by examining linear and non-linear relationships among the dimensions in the cognitive emotion structure. The meaning of 80 emotion terms was evaluated on 68 features representing appraisals, action tendencies, bodily reactions, expressions, and subjective experience…
Learned helplessness revisited
produced by pervasive experiences of failure or negative events, leading to decreased motivation and risk for depression. In their target article, Boddez, van Dessel, and de Houwer apply this concept to different forms of psychological suffering and propose a goal-directed mechanism -generalisation over similar goals. Duda and Joormann define goal similarity by action-outcome contingencies and highlight individual differences in attribution style…
Investigating individual differences in emotion recognition ability using the Eram test
Individuals vary in emotion recognition ability (ERA), but the causes and correlates of this variability are not well understood. Previous studies have largely focused on unimodal facial or vocal expressions and a small number of emotion categories, which may not reflect how emotions are expressed in everyday interactions. We investigated individual differences in ERA using a brief test containing dynamic multimodal (facial and vocal) expressions…
The rise of affectivism
Are concepts of achievement-related emotions universal across cultures? A semantic profiling approach
Verifying that conceptualisations of emotions are consistent across languages and cultures is a critical precondition for meaningful cross-cultural research on emotional experience. For achievement-related emotions tied to successes or failures, such evidence is virtually non-existent. To address this gap, we compared Canadian, German, Colombian, and Chinese university students’ (NTotal = 126) perceptions of affective, cognitive, motivational, ph…
Evidence for the existence of emotion dispositions and the effects of appraisal bias
The concept of emotion disposition is proposed as an important dimension of individual differences. It refers to a stable tendency to experience certain emotions more or less frequently or intensely for similar classes of situations or events in daily experience than the majority of other people. In contrast to classic "trait affect" traditions, the theoretical framework described here proposes a specific mechanism based on the notion of appraisa…
The Emotion Process
Much emotion research has focused on the end result of the emotion process, categorical emotions, as reported by the protagonist or diagnosed by the researcher, with the aim of differentiating these discrete states. In contrast, this review concentrates on the emotion process itself by examining how ( a) elicitation, or the appraisal of events, leads to ( b) differentiation, in particular, action tendencies accompanied by physiological responses …
Investigating appraisal-driven facial expression and inference in emotion communication
Theory and research on emotion expression, both on production and recognition, has been dominated by a categorical emotion approach suggesting that discrete emotions are elicited and expressed via prototypical facial muscle configurations that can then be recognized by observers, presumably via template matching. This tradition is increasingly challenged by alternative theoretical approaches. In particular, appraisal theorists have suggested that…
Interaction and threshold effects of appraisal on componential patterns of emotion
Studies that investigated the relation between appraisal and emotion have largely focused on the linear effect of appraisal criteria on subjective feelings (e.g., the effect of appraised goal obstruction on anger). Emotional responding can be extended to include more than just feelings, however. Componential definitions of emotion also add motivation, physiology, and expression. Moreover, a linear model is not compatible with the idea held by man…
Sense and sensibility
Appraisal-driven facial actions as building blocks for emotion inference
Although research on facial emotion recognition abounds, there has been little attention on the nature of the underlying mechanisms. In this article, using a "reverse engineering" approach, we suggest that emotion inference from facial expression mirrors the expression process. As a strong case can be made for an appraisal theory account of emotional expression, which holds that appraisal results directly determine the nature of facial muscle act…
Measuring aesthetic emotions
Aesthetic perception and judgement are not merely cognitive processes, but also involve feelings. Therefore, the empirical study of these experiences requires conceptualization and measurement of aesthetic emotions. Despite the long-standing interest in such emotions, we still lack an assessment tool to capture the broad range of emotions that occur in response to the perceived aesthetic appeal of stimuli. Elicitors of aesthetic emotions are not …
Emotions, Psychological Structure of
Emotion categories and dimensions in the facial communication of affect
We investigated the role of facial behavior in emotional communication, using both categorical and dimensional approaches. We used a corpus of enacted emotional expressions (GEMEP) in which professional actors are instructed, with the help of scenarios, to communicate a variety of emotional experiences. The results of Study 1 replicated earlier findings showing that only a minority of facial action units are associated with specific emotional cat…
Les émotions
L'article s'attache tout d'abord a souligner l'importance qu'il y a pour la psychologie cognitive contemporaine a etendre ses preoccupations a l'etude des emotions. On montre que, dans les organismes capables d'emotions, l'adaptabilite du comportement au milieu est accrue par l'introduction d'un decouplage entre la reaction comportementale et la reception des stimuli
Nonverbale Kommunikation
What are emotions? And how can they be measured
Defining "emotion" is a notorious problem. Without consensual conceptualization and operationalization of exactly what phenomenon is to be studied, progress in theory and research is difficult to achieve and fruitless debates are likely to proliferate. A particularly unfortunate example is William James's asking the question "What is an emotion?" when he really meant "feeling", a misnomer that started a debate which is still ongoing, more than a …
Acoustic profiles in vocal emotion expression
Universals and cultural differences in the judgments of facial expressions of emotion
Evidence for universality and cultural variation of differential emotion response patterning
The role of culture in emotion-antecedent appraisal
Do respondents in different cultures appraise emotion-antecedent events differently? Are similar appraisal profiles associated with the same emotions across cultures? These questions were studied for 7 emotions in 37 countries. Results show rather high convergence across geopolitical regions with respect to emotion specific profiles, suggesting universality of the appraisal mechanism. Empiri-cal profiles corresponded in large measure to theoretic…
Emotions evoked by the sound of music
La educación musical actual está atravesando un momento de crisis a nivel global.Los modelos curriculares priorizan algunas materias en detrimento de otras consideradas menos importantes o secundarias, como ocurre con el caso de la música.La preocupación desde esta área ha impulsado la publicación de numerosos artículos científicos que abordan la defensa de la educación musical en las escuelas.En este artículo se examinan diversas corrientes de "…
Emotion Inferences from Vocal Expression Correlate Across Languages and Cultures
Whereas the perception of emotion from facial expression has been extensively studied cross-culturally, little is known about judges' ability to infer emotion from vocal cues. This article reports the results from a study conducted in nine countries in Europe, the United States, and Asia on vocal emotion portrayals of anger, sadness, fear, joy, and neutral voice as produced by professional German actors. Data show an overall accuracy of 66% acros…
Antecedents of and Reactions to Emotions in the United States and Japan
In this study, we examined the degree of cultural similarity and specificity in emotional experience by asking subjects in the United States and Japan to report their experiences and reactions concerning seven different emotions. The data used for this study were part of a larger cross-cultural study of emotion antecedents and reactions involving more than 2,000 subjects in 27 countries (Wallbott & Scherer, 1986). The American-Japanese comparison…
The voice of confidence
Emotion as a process
Body Movement and Voice Pitch in Deceptive Interaction
Audiovisually recorded 16 student nurses during 2 interviews, in one of which they attempted to deceive as to the nature of a film previously viewed. Voice pitch and the following hand movements were measured: "illustrators" (illustrative gestures), "shrugs" (rotations of the hand, conveying uncertainty), and "adaptors" (contact of the hand with another body part). During deception, illustrators decreased while voice pitch increased. Observers sa…
In the eye of the beholder? Universality and cultural specificity in the expression and perception of emotion
Do members of different cultures express (or "encode") emotions in the same fashion? How well can members of distinct cultures recognize (or "decode") each other's emotion expressions? The question of cultural universality versus specificity in emotional expression has been a hot topic of debate for more than half a century, but, despite a sizeable amount of empirical research produced to date, no convincing answers have emerged. We suggest that …
Personality inference from voice quality
Investigated the process of personality inference from voice quality using 24 male American stimulus persons who served as subjects in simulated jury discussions. Applying a Brunswikian lens model of the inference process, criteria, distal cues, proximal cues and attributions were measured by independent groups of judges: personality criteria by three peers of each stimulus person and, on the basis of content‐masked voice samples, distal voice qu…
Which Emotions Can be Induced by Music? What Are the Underlying Mechanisms? And How Can We Measure Them
The study of emotional effects of music is handicapped by a lack of appropriate research paradigms and methods, due to a dearth of conceptual-theoretical analyses of the process underlying emotion production via music. It is shown that none of the three major assessment methods for emotion induction - lists of basic emotions, valence-arousal dimensions, and eclectic emotion inventories - is well suited to the task. By focusing on a small number o…
Emotions in everyday life
In a quasi-representative survey, 1242 respondents were asked to describe a situation or event that had elicited an emotion on the previous day. They were also asked to report on the respective appraisal and reaction patterns as well as to verbally label the experience. In addition, they completed a rating list on the relative frequency of experiencing each of 14 emotions and a medical symptom list. The data are interpreted in terms of the odds o…
Cross-national research on antecedents and components of emotion
Neuroscience projections to current debates in emotion psychology
Possible contributions from different branches of the neurosciences to current debates in emotion psychology are discussed. The controversial issues covered in the paper include the nature of emotion, cognitionemotion interaction, the evaluative criteria used in emotion-antecedent appraisal processes, sequential vs. parallel processing in appraisal, differential patterning of discrete emotions, and possible entry points into the emotion system. E…
What you say and how you say it
In three studies, judgments based on separated channels (speech content, voice quality, face alone and body alone) were correlated with judgments based on combined channels (speech, face + speech, and face + body + speech). The judges observed spontaneous behavior in two different types of interview situations and rated various aspects of the behavior. Correlations between separated and combined channels varied significantly depending on the kind…
Vocal cues to deception
Relative importance of face, body, and speech in judgments of personality and affect
Three experiments correlated judgments made from observing single channels (face, body, or speech) with multiple channel judgments (face, body, and speech together; or face and speech together). Judges observed the spontaneous behavior of videotaped student nurses in 2 types of interview situations, "deceptive" and "honest," and rated the nurses on 14 bipolar adjective scales (e.g., awkward–natural). The single channel judgments that correlated m…
The rise of affectivism
Cues and channels in emotion recognition
This article addresses methodological issues pertinent to judgment studies in nonverbal communication research, in general, and to the perception and attribution of emotions, in particular. We investigated which behavioral cues are used in portraying various emotions and to what extent the channel of presentation and encoding differences between actors affect judgment accuracy. In an encoding study the nonverbal behaviors of 6 different actors (3…
The discrepant repressor
This study examined the notion that personality questionnaires can be used to predict different styles of coping with anxiety as expressed by individual differences in patterns of autonomic, verbal, and nonverbal reactions. In line with earlier modifications of the repression-sensitization concept, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS) and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (SDS) were used to select four groups of 12 subjects each fro…
Minimal cues in the vocal communication of affect
Voluntary facial expression of emotion
The ability of congenitally blind persons to produce voluntarily facial expressions of a number of emotions was compared with that of normally sighted individuals using both objective facial measurement and observer recognition. Results revealed that there were almost no significant differences between blind and sighted participants with respect to the number and type of facial action units produced. The portrayals of the blind participants were …
Judging personality from voice
The s(x:ial psychologist mterested m the role of the human voice in Interpersonal perc^tion pr(x;esses will jBnd the stacks of pubhc hbranes a richly rewarding source of resource material. Specifically, he will find a fikxxi of popular books on how to improve one's voice in order to wm friends and infiuence people. Interestingly enough, sucdi efforts for voice improvement are seen as not only having a iavorahle effect on otiier people's impressio…
Mediating interpersonal expectancies via vocal cues
Differential vocal emphasis in the tape‐recorded instruction reading for a standard person perception task was manipulated by mechanically raising or lowering the volume of the key words describing the success or failure response alternatives on the rating scale. In a series of three experiments, Ss exposed to success emphasis in the instructions rated the stimulus persons as more successful than did Ss exposed to failure emphasis. This trend was…
Minimal cues in the vocal communication of affect
The voice of confidence
Voice quality analysis of American and German speakers
Body Movement and Voice Pitch in Deceptive Interaction
Audiovisually recorded 16 student nurses during 2 interviews, in one of which they attempted to deceive as to the nature of a film previously viewed. Voice pitch and the following hand movements were measured: "illustrators" (illustrative gestures), "shrugs" (rotations of the hand, conveying uncertainty), and "adaptors" (contact of the hand with another body part). During deception, illustrators decreased while voice pitch increased. Observers sa…
Personality inference from voice quality
Investigated the process of personality inference from voice quality using 24 male American stimulus persons who served as subjects in simulated jury discussions. Applying a Brunswikian lens model of the inference process, criteria, distal cues, proximal cues and attributions were measured by independent groups of judges: personality criteria by three peers of each stimulus person and, on the basis of content‐masked voice samples, distal voice qu…
Relative importance of face, body, and speech in judgments of personality and affect
Three experiments correlated judgments made from observing single channels (face, body, or speech) with multiple channel judgments (face, body, and speech together; or face and speech together). Judges observed the spontaneous behavior of videotaped student nurses in 2 types of interview situations, "deceptive" and "honest," and rated the nurses on 14 bipolar adjective scales (e.g., awkward–natural). The single channel judgments that correlated m…
Social Markers in Speech
Emotion as a process
The nature and function of emotion
The discrepant repressor
This study examined the notion that personality questionnaires can be used to predict different styles of coping with anxiety as expressed by individual differences in patterns of autonomic, verbal, and nonverbal reactions. In line with earlier modifications of the repression-sensitization concept, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS) and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (SDS) were used to select four groups of 12 subjects each fro…
The discrepant repressor
This study examined the notion that personality questionnaires can be used to predict different styles of coping with anxiety as expressed by individual differences in patterns of autonomic, verbal, and nonverbal reactions. In line with earlier modifications of the repression-sensitization concept, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS) and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (SDS) were used to select four groups of 12 subjects each fro…
Cross-national research on antecedents and components of emotion
Advances in the Social Psychology of Language
What you say and how you say it
In three studies, judgments based on separated channels (speech content, voice quality, face alone and body alone) were correlated with judgments based on combined channels (speech, face + speech, and face + body + speech). The judges observed spontaneous behavior in two different types of interview situations and rated various aspects of the behavior. Correlations between separated and combined channels varied significantly depending on the kind…
Vocal cues to deception
Emotions can be rational
Rationality and the emotions
Vocal affect expression
Vocal affect expression
In reviewing the literature on the vocal expression of emotion, a discrepancy between reported high accuracy in vocal-auditory recognition and the lack of clear evidence for the acoustic differentiation of vocal expression is noted. The latter is explained by (a) a paucity of research on voice quality, (b) neglect of the social signaling functions of affect vocalization, and (c) insufficiently precise conceptualization of the underlying emotional…
Cues and channels in emotion recognition
This article addresses methodological issues pertinent to judgment studies in nonverbal communication research, in general, and to the perception and attribution of emotions, in particular. We investigated which behavioral cues are used in portraying various emotions and to what extent the channel of presentation and encoding differences between actors affect judgment accuracy. In an encoding study the nonverbal behaviors of 6 different actors (3…
How universal and specific is emotional experience? Evidence from 27 countries on five continents
The Relationship of Emotion to Cognition
We first review the main points in the dispute about whether emotion is primary and independent of cognition (Zajonc), or secondary and always dependent upon cognition (Lazarus), and suggest that the dispute is largely one of definition. Because definitional disputes seldom clarify substantive, theoretical points, we suggest a variety of questions regarding cognition-emotion interaction. To stimulate discussion of these issues, we propose a compo…
Universals and cultural differences in the judgments of facial expressions of emotion
Psychology (97 obras) · Social Psychology (75 obras) · Cognitive psychology (73 obras) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (46 obras) · Computer Science (40 obras) · Communication (36 obras) · Facial expression (25 obras) · Cognition (24 obras) · Cultural Differences and Values (24 obras) · Face Recognition and Perception (23 obras)