E Brähler
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 115436 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | E Brähler |
| NOMBRES | E |
| APELLIDO | Brähler |
| FIRMA | BRÄHLER E |
| AFILIACIONES | Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2648-2728 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 110 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 53 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 110 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1975 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Retrospectively appraised life changes since the German reunification and health
BACKGROUND: The German reunification (1989/1990) was a period of rapid socio-structural transformation, with heterogeneous consequences for work, finances, and personal life in East Germany. Drawing on Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study examined whether retrospectively appraised changes since the reunification are associated with later-life health and whether psychosocial resources show gender-specific indirect associations. METHO…
Exploring adverse childhood experiences in the wake of system change – A natural experiment comparing East and West Germany
BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have negative effects on individuals necessitating examination to discern contributing conditions. The use of quasi-experimental settings, arising from socio-political changes, offers retrospective insight into the macro-level context. OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of ACEs in the separate macro-systems of both German states, as well as the influence of the socio-political system change due t…
The role of parenting in mitigating the impact of adverse childhood experiences on mental health
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are well-established predictors of poor mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Maternal and paternal parenting behaviors, particularly parental warmth, rejection, and control may influence the psychological trajectories of individuals exposed to ACEs. However, the differential roles of maternal and paternal parenting behaviors remain underexplored. This study invest…
Early care in childhood and psychological burden among East and West German adults
The consequences of external childcare for children are controversially discussed. Many claim that early extrafamilial care is harmful to the child. This article aimed to study the relationship between external childcare at preschool age and psychological burden in adulthood. Given that extrafamilial care followed different norms and regulations depending on the location in East or West Germany during their division, the question was also pursued…
Depression and anxiety symptoms in internally migrated women and men after the German unification
Subgroup analyses revealed group differences to depend on sex, but show negligible effect sizes, with internal migration only explaining less than 0.2 % of the variance for depression and anxiety symptoms. Internal migration alone is thus no substantial factor in explaining mental health differences. Future studies should use longitudinal data to determine temporal associations between internal migration and mental health
How is Racial Discrimination Assessed in Quantitative Health Research? A Systematic Review from a European Perspective
Racial discrimination is a global issue that affects both physical and mental health. However, a comparative study looking at how racial discrimination is assessed in studies focusing on the effect of racial discrimination on overall health is lacking. This systematic review aimed to compare and describe the most commonly used racial discrimination assessment tools and the connection between racial discrimination and overall health. The review wa…
The long arm of repression
Introduction: Maintaining trust in social institutions is a critical challenge for Western democracies. We examine the role of psychotherapy on institutional trust in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR; now: New Federal States of Germany) which used open and covert methods to keep opposition members under control. Methods: = 1,805 individuals who were born and socialized in the former GDR (i.e., born before 1980) was conducted in 2022. Lo…
The authoritarian syndrome as an attempt to restore control and its mediating role in anti‐Semitism and xenophobia in Germany
For many people, the coronavirus pandemic meant an enormous and existential loss of control. At the same time, an increase in right‐wing extremist attitudes like xenophobia could be observed in Germany. In this study, we hypothesize that the loss of control caused by the pandemic has contributed to the rise in xenophobic and anti‐Semitic attitudes in Germany. We propose that this occurs through an attempt to restore control via elements of a revi…
Assessment of Personality Functioning Across Immigrant Groups– Measurement Invariance and Its Association with Mental Distress in a German Population-Based Sample
Despite the growing body of research on self-report measures of personality functioning, tests of measurement invariance in immigrant samples have mostly been neglected. The present study aimed to fill this gap by testing measurement invariance of the OPD-Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQS) across immigrant groups and evaluating the association between personality functioning and mental distress. Methods: Based on representative population samples …
Barriers to suicide research are also barriers to suicide prevention
Cancer patients are at risk for suicidal crises. There is a need for more research concerning specific risk/protective factors and knowledge about barriers and resources of prevention efforts in clinical practice. This contribution reports on difficulties during the realization of a research project that aimed to address these research gaps, among other approaches, via a patient survey and an interview study with healthcare professionals (HCPs). …
The interplay of coping styles and optimism/pessimism in shaping mental health in long-term survivors of malignant melanoma
This study shows the relevance and need of gender-sensitive psychosocial-care. Especially in men, psychosocial interventions should target maladaptive coping strategies. Within women, fostering optimism seems to be particularly important. As the model did not fit as well for women, more gender-sensitive research is needed to understand potentially different risk/protective factors and needs of support
The dental anxiety scale (DAS) – psychometric properties and longitudinal findings among middle-aged adults
This study provides evidence for DAS's reliability, temporal stability, and construct validity. Although dental anxiety showed a statistically significant decline it remains relatively stable for most participants. Findings indicate meaningful associations with psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related factors, supporting the potential value of interdisciplinary approaches that include psychological support in oral health care
Reliability and validity of the German version of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire Post-Exertional Malaise (DSQ-PEM)
In summary, this study confirms the strong psychometric properties of the German version of the DSQ-PEM and supports the instrument as a reliable and valid tool for measuring PEM in Germany and other German-speaking countries
Prevalence and prevention of violence against children and adolescents in volunteer work
These findings highlight the importance of CACs for the development of children and adolescents. However, 7% of people involved in CACs experience at least one form of VCAC, which indicates that there is still room for improvement in the protection of children and adolescents. Furthermore, existing prevention measures are often still insufficiently known, which points to a communication gap. This finding highlights the importance of mandatory saf…
Das Aufbrechen des Antisemitismus in linken Milieus nach dem 07.10.2023 – Einige Befunde zur unterschätzten Präsenz von Ressentiments in linken Milieus und der Versuch einer gesellschaftstheoretischen…
Nach dem Angriff der klerikal-faschistsichen Hamas auf Israel im Oktober 2023 kam es sehr schnell zu einer Mobilisierung für die Ziele der Terrororganisation. Diese waren von Anfang an getragen von antisemitischen Tropen und gingen einher mit einem rasanten Anstieg der antisemitisch motivierten Straft- und Gewalttaten. Relevante Trägergruppen dieses Antisemitismus sind dem eigenen Selbstverständnis nach im linken politischen Spektrum positioniert…
Exploring different types of the authoritarian syndrome
By using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), we identified eight profiles, each representing different combinations or "alloys" of the authoritarian syndrome and associated sociopolitical attitudes. Our findings reveal that authoritarian dispositions do not uniformly correlate with overt prejudice or resentment; instead, they manifest in complex, socially influenced forms. While some profiles exhibit strong authoritarian aggression and conspiracy beli…
Trajectories of health-related quality of life across age cohorts
This study highlights the importance of considering age, gender, region, income, and education in understanding the trajectories of HRQoL. Target interventions for individuals with certain risk factors can contribute to enhance overall well-being in the population
How Did GDR Socialization in Adolescence Shape Political Attitudes More Than Thirty Years Later
In this article, we investigate the question of whether political socialization in the German Democratic Republic before the fall of the Berlin Wall has had an effect on current attitudes toward German unification and the role of intra-German migration in this context. We used the data of the Saxon Longitudinal Study to measure gdr identification of the respondents in 1987 and to test their influence on attitudes toward unification more than 30 y…
Switching location—shifting mindset? The attitude towards female employment of East–West migrants in Germany
The strong migration of former East German residents to the western part of Germany opens a unique way to study the impact of migration modifying gender-related attitudes towards division of labor. While in West Germany more traditional gender attitudes have been prevailing for decades, the East pursued more progressive attitudes regarding the home and labor domain. However, attitudes of East-to-West migrants are mostly unknown. Thus, this articl…
New norm values of the brief resilience scale (BRS) from the German general population with new post-Covid-19 data
The results of this study provide support for the psychometric reliability and validity of the German version of the BRS after the COVID-19 pandemic and underscore the importance of assessing resilience amidst evolving societal challenges and highlight the need for further exploration in diverse populations
Psychometric evaluation and community norms of the PHQ-9, based on a representative German sample
Despite using a representative sample, the response rate was only 42.6%. Furthermore, diagnostic efficiency cannot be assessed as there were no clinical interviews conducted. Conclusion: The updated population based norms, which are presented for the total sample as well as separated by gender and various age-groups, provide a useful reference for clinical practice and epidemiological research
Prolonged grief disorder in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR
The results demonstrate that the prevalence of PGD significantly varies depending on the application of the diagnostic algorithm and criteria. PGD affects a substantial proportion of the general population and should be addressed by healthcare providers. However, applying the minimum ICD-11 criteria could lead overestimating the prevalence. Therefore, further harmonizing the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR criteria and diagnostic algorithm for PGD seems appr…
Dealing with the challenges of the pandemic – results of a population-based survey during the second year of the Covid-19 pandemic contrasting benefits and burden
Our results underscore the importance of mental health and work-related factors for coping with the pandemic
Zur Validierung des Inventars zur Erfassung Interpersonaler Probleme (IIP)—Ergebnisse einer Repräsentativbefragung in Ost- und Westdeutschland.
Entsolidarisierung
The Cognitive Representation of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations, 2002) is an important ethical framework for political actions. In this declaration, and in the subsequent International Covenants (United Nations, 2002), 2 major classes of human rights are distinguished, one consisting of civil and political rights, and the other consisting of economic, social, and cultural rights. The Universal Declaration itself and the UN Decade for Human Rights Educa…
The immediate impact of lockdown measures on mental health and couples' relationships during the Covid-19 pandemic - results of a representative population survey in Germany
Euroscepticism and Right-Wing Extremist Attitudes in Germany
Euroscepticism is associated with a new cleavage between the 'losers' and the 'winners' of globalisation. Current research also indicates that right-wing extremist, racist, and anti-democratic attitudes are more prevalent in lower status groups, particularly those struggling with societal change. These findings are combined with a unique data set covering both topics and thus add to the growing literature on Euroscepticism while also exploring th…
Motives and Decisions for and Against Having Children Among Nonheterosexuals and the Impact of Experiences of Discrimination, Internalized Stigma, and Social Acceptance
Same-sex parents are increasingly a topic of public discourse. A growing number of homosexuals openly speak about their desire to have children or are already living together in different family constellations. The current study examined the decisions for or against having children and the motivations behind those decisions among nonheterosexuals living in Germany. A sample of 1,283 nonheterosexuals participated by means of an online survey. As s…
Artifacts in the Registration and Interpretation of Speech-Process Variables
Of the different interacting characteristics of the speech process such as level, intensity and range of voices, on-off-patterns etc., the on-off-patterns are the most readily formalized and objectively recorded; hence the appearance of this feature in particular in some hundred publications. However, the results of different research teams investigating the same subject-matter sometimes vary considerably. In this article the authors report on th…
Is the migrant share really the problem? Size of migrant population and individual authoritarianism as major determinants of xenophobic attitudes
Contact hypothesis and threat hypothesis are among the most influential theories of xenophobia. The former proposes that intergroup contact may reduce prejudice. The latter suggests that a large outgroup may increase xenophobic attitudes. Using data of a 2018 German representative sample (N = 2,016), we employed multilevel analyses. As predictors, we looked at outgroup size, gross domestic product, and unemployment rate on a county level. On the …
Factor Structure of the Self-Compassion Scale in 11 International Samples
In this study, different factor analysis models were employed to test the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in 11 distinct populations (n = 15,266) in different countries. The results strongly suggest that the most appropriate use of the SCS is to measure levels of Self-Compassionate responding (positive items) and Self-Uncompassionate responding (negative items) separately
Dimensional Latent Structure of Relationship Quality
A fundamental question facing every latent construct (e.g., relationship quality) is whether the construct is categorical or dimensional in nature. The authors analyzed the latent status of relationship quality in 3 large general German population samples using the Partnership Questionnaire (PFB), the Quality of Relationship Inventory, and the short form of the PFB (PFB-K; N1 = 1,330, N2 = 1,494, N3 = 1,390). They applied 3 widely used taxometric…
Risk perception and emergency experience
People’s perception of risk and its influencing factors has become an important element of research in past decades. The present paper investigated the influence of emergency experiences on risk perception and the impact of experience and gender on the accuracy of risk perception. A representative sample of the German population was subdivided into a general survivor group who had experienced at least one emergency previously (N = 165) and a gene…
Trajectories of health-related quality of life across age cohorts
This study highlights the importance of considering age, gender, region, income, and education in understanding the trajectories of HRQoL. Target interventions for individuals with certain risk factors can contribute to enhance overall well-being in the population
How socio-political change is associated with the number of individually reported negative life events
BACKGROUND: Socio-political change often leads to disruptions in employment and social networks, which can exacerbate health issues and increase mortality rates. These consequences are likely observed as an increase in negative life events (NLEs), serving as indicators of the broader social and health impacts. Using the German reunification in 1989/1990 as an example, this study investigates changes in reported numbers of NLEs and differences reg…
To trust or not to trust in the thrall of the Covid-19 pandemic
Establishing an association between ACEs and conspiracy endorsement further increases the evidence for early childhood adversities' far-reaching and detrimental effects. By including epistemic trust and personality functioning, these findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms in the way that ACEs may be associated with conspiracy endorsement
Hedonic Overeating–Questionnaire
The Hedonic Overeating-Questionnaire is a brief self-report measure for the trait assessment of liking (pleasure to eat; consummatory reward component), wanting (food craving; anticipatory reward component), and dyscontrol (loss of control over eating). In the original validation study, higher scores on each of the three subscales related to higher body mass index (BMI). However, theories on food reward and self-regulation suggest that overeating…
East-West differences in experienced corporal punishment
On the association of interpersonal trust with right-wing extremist and authoritarian attitudes
Right-wing extremism and authoritarianism have been identified as major, if not the major threats to democracy in recent years. The rise of right-wing extremist and populist parties in many democratic countries throughout the world has renewed the interest in identifying the roots and determinants of these anti-democratic attitudes. Even though factors on many levels of analysis (macro-, meso- and micro-level) have been taken into consideration a…
Depression predicts equivalized income five years later, but not vice versa
Parental rearing style and socio-demography of married and cohabiting individuals in a representative German sample
Whereas the number of marriages has decreased, alternatives such as cohabitation have increased in German society. The main goal of the present representative study was to specify the influence of recalled parental rearing behavior on relationship status by specifying and controlling for socio-demographic variables. A sample of 2146 participants aged 18 to 60 (M = 42.9, SD = 10.2) was investigated employing the German version of the Recalled Pare…
A Rasch Re-Analysis of the Partnership Questionnaire
The Partnership Questionnaire (PFB) is used favorably in the German language area to measure partnership quality. The goal of the present study is to re-analyze the subscales of the PFB ( Conflict Behavior, Tenderness, Communication) via the Rasch model. Polytomous and dichotomous Rasch models were calculated in a population sample ( N = 1,123) and a student-based cross-validation sample ( N = 250) for the three subscales of the PFB. Final models…
Between commodification and altruism
The German transplant law (TGP) of 1997 only recognises organ donation if the donor agrees (‘extended consent’) and if done for altruistic reasons. Several alternatives will be discussed here, including incentives and passive agreement. Based upon a representative survey, the authors examined the attitudes of Germans towards several European models of organ donation and their attitude towards organ donation in general whilst living and after deat…
Artifacts in the Registration and Interpretation of Speech-Process Variables
Of the different interacting characteristics of the speech process such as level, intensity and range of voices, on-off-patterns etc., the on-off-patterns are the most readily formalized and objectively recorded; hence the appearance of this feature in particular in some hundred publications. However, the results of different research teams investigating the same subject-matter sometimes vary considerably. In this article the authors report on th…
Der Körper im Beschwerdebild-Erfahrungen mit dem Gießener Beschwerdebogen
Weiblichkeit, Männlichkeit und Gesundheit
Weiblichkeit, Männlichkeit und Gesundheit
Gewinne und Verluste sozialen Wandels
Measuring religious attitudes
There is a lack of economical and reliable instruments to measure religious attitudes in the German language. Therefore, we analyzed a German version of an originally-American, 15-item questionnaire. The German version of the two-scale Systems of Belief Inventory (SBI-15R) by Holland et al. (1998 Holland, J.C., Kash, K.M., Passik, S., Gronert, M.K., Sison, A., Lederberg, M., Russak, S.M., Baider, L. and Fox, B. 1998. A brief spiritual beliefs inv…
Specific Effects of Depression, Panic, and Somatic Symptoms on Illness Behavior
OBJECTIVE: In terms of restricted financial resources, the contribution of mental disorders to health care use and illness behavior is highly relevant. However, the specific contributions of panic disorder, depression, and somatic complaints to illness behavior in unselected samples is unclear. METHODS: A representative sample of 2507 inhabitants of Germany was selected and grouped into people with panic disorder (30), somatic syndrome (102), maj…
The Cognitive Representation of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations, 2002) is an important ethical framework for political actions. In this declaration, and in the subsequent International Covenants (United Nations, 2002), 2 major classes of human rights are distinguished, one consisting of civil and political rights, and the other consisting of economic, social, and cultural rights. The Universal Declaration itself and the UN Decade for Human Rights Educa…
Teststatistische Prüfung und Normierung der deutschen Versionen des Eurohis-QOL Lebensqualität-Index und des WHO-5 Wohlbefindens-Index
Der Beitrag berichtet über die teststatistische Prüfung und Normierung der deutschen Versionen des EUROHIS-QOL 8 Item Index (EUROHIS-QOL) zur Erfassung der generischen Lebensqualität und des Wohlbefindens-Index der WHO (WHO-5) zur Erfassung der Wohlbefindens aus Sicht der Befragten. Datengrundlage bildet eine repräsentative Stichprobe der bundesdeutschen Bevölkerung aus dem Jahr 2004. Die teststatistische Prüfung verweist auf gute psychometrische…
Nothing tastes as good as thin feels …” - Einschätzungen zur Pro-Anorexia-Bewegung im Internet
Als Nachtrag zum letzten Themenheft "Essstörungen" (PPmP 6/2007) möchten wir heute auf eine neue "Selbsthilfebewegung" im Internet aufmerksam machen. Anfang dieses Jahrtausends ist in den USA die sogenannte Pro-Ana- (von Anorexia nervosa) und äquivalent dazu die Pro-Mia- (von Bulimia nervosa) Bewegung entstanden. Die Anhänger von Pro-Ana, gemäß der Prävalenz von Anorexie fast ausschließlich junge Frauen, tauschen sich über spezielle Websites oder…
Validation and Standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the General Population
BACKGROUND: The 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) is a practical self-report anxiety questionnaire that proved valid in primary care. However, the GAD-7 was not yet validated in the general population and thus far, normative data are not available. OBJECTIVES: To investigate reliability, construct validity, and factorial validity of the GAD-7 in the general population and to generate normative data. RESEARCH DESIGN: Nationally rep…
Between commodification and altruism
The German transplant law (TGP) of 1997 only recognises organ donation if the donor agrees (‘extended consent’) and if done for altruistic reasons. Several alternatives will be discussed here, including incentives and passive agreement. Based upon a representative survey, the authors examined the attitudes of Germans towards several European models of organ donation and their attitude towards organ donation in general whilst living and after deat…
A 4-item measure of depression and anxiety
Prediction of institutionalization in the elderly. A systematic review
Prevalence of complicated grief in a representative population-based sample
The Association of Traumatic Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Physical Morbidity in Old Age
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of traumatic experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among a representative population sample of 1456 German elderly (60-85 years). Several studies have suggested that PTSD and traumatic experiences are related to adverse health outcomes. However, many past studies were based on special samples such as combat veterans or survivors of natural disasters. METHODS: Using self-report data and regress…
Evaluating New Proposals for the Psychiatric Classification of Patients With Multiple Somatic Symptoms
OBJECTIVES: The current DSM-IV classification of somatoform disorders has been criticized, and several new proposals for classification have been suggested (e.g., DSM-V work group: complex somatic symptom disorder [CSSD]). Our aim was to empirically validate and compare new proposals for the classification of people with multiple somatic complaints. METHODS: Three hundred twenty-one participants were selected from a general population sample of m…
P2-439 Migrants and refugees mental health
Introduction Migrants mental health is an issue of concern worldwide. We aimed to review studies on prevalence rates of depression and/or anxiety among refugees and labour migrants; to evaluate associations between the Gross National Product (GNP) of the immigration country and depression and anxiety. Methods Systematic literature for population based studies reporting prevalence rates of depression and/or anxiety according to DSM- or ICD- criter…
Standardization of the depression screener Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in the general population
Rechtsextremismus der Mitte
Seit 2002 untersucht die Leipziger Arbeitsgruppe um Elmar Brähler und Oliver Decker die rechtsextreme Einstellung in Deutschland. Im Rahmen dieser bekannten »Mitte«-Studien werden im Zwei-Jahres-Rhythmus repräsentative Erhebungen durchgeführt
Frequency of child maltreatment in a representative sample of the German population
Although our analysis has found lower rates of child maltreatment than previous reports that used less well validated criteria, the results of this study confirm that child abuse, with its many different facets, is a significant problem in Germany
The quality of life questionnaire EQ-5D-5L
Gender-specific quality of life after cancer in young adulthood
Motives and Decisions for and Against Having Children Among Nonheterosexuals and the Impact of Experiences of Discrimination, Internalized Stigma, and Social Acceptance
Same-sex parents are increasingly a topic of public discourse. A growing number of homosexuals openly speak about their desire to have children or are already living together in different family constellations. The current study examined the decisions for or against having children and the motivations behind those decisions among nonheterosexuals living in Germany. A sample of 1,283 nonheterosexuals participated by means of an online survey. As s…
The Somatic Symptom Scale–8 (SSS-8)
IMPORTANCE: Somatic symptoms are the core features of many medical diseases, and they are used to evaluate the severity and course of illness. The 8-item Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS-8) was recently developed as a brief, patient-reported outcome measure of somatic symptom burden, but its reliability, validity, and usefulness have not yet been tested. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability, validity, and severity categories as well as the referen…
Psychology (75 obras) · Medicine (68 obras) · Population (49 obras) · Psychiatry (46 obras) · Clinical Psychology (45 obras) · Social Psychology (33 obras) · German (32 obras) · Demography (28 obras) · Environmental health (28 obras) · Clinical Psychology (24 obras)