J Micah Roos
Biographic Data
| ID | 115613 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Micah Roos |
| GIVEN NAMES | J Micah |
| FAMILY NAME | Roos |
| SIGNATURE | ROOS J M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Virginia Tech |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1558-3352 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 109 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2014 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
The Combat Stress Process
Most research on combat exposure and mental health focuses on outcomes most soldiers do not experience, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and suicide. We focus instead on psychological distress using data from World War II. We find that more than 60 percent of Pacific Theater combat soldiers had very high psychological distress, which likely would have disqualified them for military service for psychiatric reasons in 1944. Their symptoms were…
Resource Loss, Slow Violence, and Psychosocial Stress
In August 2022, the Pearl River flooded portions of Jackson, Mississippi and temporarily closed the city’s water treatment plant, leaving most citizens without access to safe drinking and potable water for more than a month. This event punctuated an ongoing water crisis that had lingered for decades in this predominately African American city. We employ a social production of disaster approach to reveal aspects of slow violence perpetrated agains…
Understanding the Rise of Anti-Political Correctness Sentiment
The anti-politically correct (PC) stance has been a key defensive position held by many conservative Americans for more than three decades. This position holds that being forced to be politically correct hinders open dialogue and debate on important yet sensitive issues, especially those around race and racism. However, scholars have questioned this anti-PC orientation and tied it to political orientation and racism. One caveat that stands as the…
Racial Identity, Reparations, and Modern Views of Justice Concerning Slavery
Public opinion polls frequently demonstrate that the American debate on reparations for slavery falls along racial lines. However, less attention has been paid to how social psychological factors such as views of deservingness mediate that relationship. This manuscript highlights how identity, deservingness, and views of justice affect attitudes about symbolic reparations—a step that many believe is necessary to achieve closure and pave a path fo…
Measuring White Fragility
Objective We propose and develop novel survey questions and quantitative summary indices of White fragility. Methods The data come from the 2018 Survey of White Fragility, a longitudinal convenience sample of 279 non‐Hispanic white undergraduate students aged 18 and over taking courses at two large public universities in the southeastern and southwestern United States. Results Factor analyses revealed two latent factors. The first factor— Remorse…
Limitations of Fixed-Effects Models for Panel Data
Although fixed-effects models for panel data are now widely recognized as powerful tools for longitudinal data analysis, the limitations of these models are not well known. We provide a critical discussion of 12 limitations, including a culture of omission, low statistical power, limited external validity, restricted time periods, measurement error, time invariance, undefined variables, unobserved heterogeneity, erroneous causal inferences, impre…
Seeking Evidence of Grade Inflation at For-profit Colleges and Universities
This research develops a quantitative test for anecdotal, qualitative claims that, relative to more traditional institutes of higher education, for-profit colleges and universities engage in systemic grade-inflation to retain students who may not be academically viable. This research used the National Center for Education Statistic’s Beginning Postsecondary Survey 2003/2009 Longitudinal Study (BPS) to test this claim by examining the correlation …
A Puzzle of Racial Attitudes
In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers argued that a new dimension of racial prejudice, termed 'symbolic racism' and later 'racial resentment,' emerged among white Americans as their endorsement of traditional prejudice declined. Recently, Carmines, Sniderman, and Easter have challenged this conceptualization. Relying on American National Election Surveys data, they argue that racial resentment and the attitudes about racial policy that it presumabl…
Outrageous fortune or destiny? Family influences on status achievement in the early life course
Morals Not Knowledge
In Morals Not Knowledge, Evans (2018) lays out a convincing case for the appropriate way to conceptualize the debate in the public sphere between religion (writ large) and science (likewise).Put simply: Evans argues that the disagreement, such as it is, is one over morality, not knowledge.This is not to say that there are no differences in accepted facts between some religious traditions and some disciplines within science-such differences are ea…
Contested Knowledge and Spillover
This article introduces the concepts of contested knowledge and spillover to aid in understanding the relation between the controversy over evolution and related ideas and uncontested science knowledge. Contested knowledge exists wherever truth claims from multiple spheres of knowledge authority overlap, large or small. Spillover is a process of (1) a rejection of the authority of knowledge elites from an opposed knowledge sphere, and (2) devalua…
Alternately Contested
Alternately worded versions of two controversial indicators of science knowledge were included in the 2012 wave of the General Social Survey. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the author tests whether these alternate items serve as better indicators of uncontested forms of science knowledge and finds that although more respondents give the 'correct' response, they remain poor indicators of uncontested science knowledge. Moreover, they retain th…
Relationships with God among Young Adults
Experiencing a relationship with God is widely acknowledged as an important aspect of personal religiosity for both affiliated and unaffiliated young adults, but surprisingly few attempts have been made to develop measures appropriate to its latent, multidimensional quality. This paper presents a new model for measuring relationships with God based on religious role theory, attachment to God theory, and insights from interview-based studies, whic…
Genetics of Educational Attainment and the Persistence of Privilege at the Turn of the 21st Century
We use structural equations methodology with data on 1,576 pairs of variously related young adult siblings (MZ twins, DZ twins, full siblings, half siblings, cousins, and nonrelated siblings) to distinguish the roles of genetic and environmental influences on educational attainment. Using quantitative genetic (ACE) models, we find that the role of genes in educational attainment is relatively weaker (23 percent of the variance) and the role of th…
Clues of subjective social status among young adults
Measuring science or religion? A measurement analysis of the National Science Foundation sponsored science literacy scale 2006–2010
High scientific literacy is widely considered a public good. Methods of assessing public scientific knowledge or literacy are equally important. In an effort to measure lay scientific literacy in the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) science literacy scale has been a part of the last three waves of the General Social Survey. However, there has been debate over the validity of some survey items as indicators of science knowledge…
From Coalition to Constraint
We advocate a relational approach to understanding contemporary conservatism in the United States. Our approach suggests that conservatism provides a cultural repertoire for adherents to use in adapting to new or changed political situations. We provide evidence based on public opinion data that conservatism is neither a single, monolithic ideology nor a mere coalition of convenience among disparate interest groups. Instead, conservatism should b…
Limitations of Fixed-Effects Models for Panel Data
Although fixed-effects models for panel data are now widely recognized as powerful tools for longitudinal data analysis, the limitations of these models are not well known. We provide a critical discussion of 12 limitations, including a culture of omission, low statistical power, limited external validity, restricted time periods, measurement error, time invariance, undefined variables, unobserved heterogeneity, erroneous causal inferences, impre…
From Coalition to Constraint
We advocate a relational approach to understanding contemporary conservatism in the United States. Our approach suggests that conservatism provides a cultural repertoire for adherents to use in adapting to new or changed political situations. We provide evidence based on public opinion data that conservatism is neither a single, monolithic ideology nor a mere coalition of convenience among disparate interest groups. Instead, conservatism should b…
Clues of subjective social status among young adults
Racial Identity, Reparations, and Modern Views of Justice Concerning Slavery
Public opinion polls frequently demonstrate that the American debate on reparations for slavery falls along racial lines. However, less attention has been paid to how social psychological factors such as views of deservingness mediate that relationship. This manuscript highlights how identity, deservingness, and views of justice affect attitudes about symbolic reparations—a step that many believe is necessary to achieve closure and pave a path fo…
A Puzzle of Racial Attitudes
In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers argued that a new dimension of racial prejudice, termed 'symbolic racism' and later 'racial resentment,' emerged among white Americans as their endorsement of traditional prejudice declined. Recently, Carmines, Sniderman, and Easter have challenged this conceptualization. Relying on American National Election Surveys data, they argue that racial resentment and the attitudes about racial policy that it presumabl…
Contested Knowledge and Spillover
This article introduces the concepts of contested knowledge and spillover to aid in understanding the relation between the controversy over evolution and related ideas and uncontested science knowledge. Contested knowledge exists wherever truth claims from multiple spheres of knowledge authority overlap, large or small. Spillover is a process of (1) a rejection of the authority of knowledge elites from an opposed knowledge sphere, and (2) devalua…
Relationships with God among Young Adults
Experiencing a relationship with God is widely acknowledged as an important aspect of personal religiosity for both affiliated and unaffiliated young adults, but surprisingly few attempts have been made to develop measures appropriate to its latent, multidimensional quality. This paper presents a new model for measuring relationships with God based on religious role theory, attachment to God theory, and insights from interview-based studies, whic…
Alternately Contested
Alternately worded versions of two controversial indicators of science knowledge were included in the 2012 wave of the General Social Survey. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the author tests whether these alternate items serve as better indicators of uncontested forms of science knowledge and finds that although more respondents give the 'correct' response, they remain poor indicators of uncontested science knowledge. Moreover, they retain th…
Seeking Evidence of Grade Inflation at For-profit Colleges and Universities
This research develops a quantitative test for anecdotal, qualitative claims that, relative to more traditional institutes of higher education, for-profit colleges and universities engage in systemic grade-inflation to retain students who may not be academically viable. This research used the National Center for Education Statistic’s Beginning Postsecondary Survey 2003/2009 Longitudinal Study (BPS) to test this claim by examining the correlation …
Measuring science or religion? A measurement analysis of the National Science Foundation sponsored science literacy scale 2006–2010
High scientific literacy is widely considered a public good. Methods of assessing public scientific knowledge or literacy are equally important. In an effort to measure lay scientific literacy in the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) science literacy scale has been a part of the last three waves of the General Social Survey. However, there has been debate over the validity of some survey items as indicators of science knowledge…
From Coalition to Constraint
We advocate a relational approach to understanding contemporary conservatism in the United States. Our approach suggests that conservatism provides a cultural repertoire for adherents to use in adapting to new or changed political situations. We provide evidence based on public opinion data that conservatism is neither a single, monolithic ideology nor a mere coalition of convenience among disparate interest groups. Instead, conservatism should b…
Genetics of Educational Attainment and the Persistence of Privilege at the Turn of the 21st Century
We use structural equations methodology with data on 1,576 pairs of variously related young adult siblings (MZ twins, DZ twins, full siblings, half siblings, cousins, and nonrelated siblings) to distinguish the roles of genetic and environmental influences on educational attainment. Using quantitative genetic (ACE) models, we find that the role of genes in educational attainment is relatively weaker (23 percent of the variance) and the role of th…
Clues of subjective social status among young adults
Contested Knowledge and Spillover
This article introduces the concepts of contested knowledge and spillover to aid in understanding the relation between the controversy over evolution and related ideas and uncontested science knowledge. Contested knowledge exists wherever truth claims from multiple spheres of knowledge authority overlap, large or small. Spillover is a process of (1) a rejection of the authority of knowledge elites from an opposed knowledge sphere, and (2) devalua…
Alternately Contested
Alternately worded versions of two controversial indicators of science knowledge were included in the 2012 wave of the General Social Survey. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the author tests whether these alternate items serve as better indicators of uncontested forms of science knowledge and finds that although more respondents give the 'correct' response, they remain poor indicators of uncontested science knowledge. Moreover, they retain th…
Relationships with God among Young Adults
Experiencing a relationship with God is widely acknowledged as an important aspect of personal religiosity for both affiliated and unaffiliated young adults, but surprisingly few attempts have been made to develop measures appropriate to its latent, multidimensional quality. This paper presents a new model for measuring relationships with God based on religious role theory, attachment to God theory, and insights from interview-based studies, whic…
Morals Not Knowledge
In Morals Not Knowledge, Evans (2018) lays out a convincing case for the appropriate way to conceptualize the debate in the public sphere between religion (writ large) and science (likewise).Put simply: Evans argues that the disagreement, such as it is, is one over morality, not knowledge.This is not to say that there are no differences in accepted facts between some religious traditions and some disciplines within science-such differences are ea…
Seeking Evidence of Grade Inflation at For-profit Colleges and Universities
This research develops a quantitative test for anecdotal, qualitative claims that, relative to more traditional institutes of higher education, for-profit colleges and universities engage in systemic grade-inflation to retain students who may not be academically viable. This research used the National Center for Education Statistic’s Beginning Postsecondary Survey 2003/2009 Longitudinal Study (BPS) to test this claim by examining the correlation …
A Puzzle of Racial Attitudes
In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers argued that a new dimension of racial prejudice, termed 'symbolic racism' and later 'racial resentment,' emerged among white Americans as their endorsement of traditional prejudice declined. Recently, Carmines, Sniderman, and Easter have challenged this conceptualization. Relying on American National Election Surveys data, they argue that racial resentment and the attitudes about racial policy that it presumabl…
Outrageous fortune or destiny? Family influences on status achievement in the early life course
Limitations of Fixed-Effects Models for Panel Data
Although fixed-effects models for panel data are now widely recognized as powerful tools for longitudinal data analysis, the limitations of these models are not well known. We provide a critical discussion of 12 limitations, including a culture of omission, low statistical power, limited external validity, restricted time periods, measurement error, time invariance, undefined variables, unobserved heterogeneity, erroneous causal inferences, impre…
Measuring White Fragility
Objective We propose and develop novel survey questions and quantitative summary indices of White fragility. Methods The data come from the 2018 Survey of White Fragility, a longitudinal convenience sample of 279 non‐Hispanic white undergraduate students aged 18 and over taking courses at two large public universities in the southeastern and southwestern United States. Results Factor analyses revealed two latent factors. The first factor— Remorse…
Racial Identity, Reparations, and Modern Views of Justice Concerning Slavery
Public opinion polls frequently demonstrate that the American debate on reparations for slavery falls along racial lines. However, less attention has been paid to how social psychological factors such as views of deservingness mediate that relationship. This manuscript highlights how identity, deservingness, and views of justice affect attitudes about symbolic reparations—a step that many believe is necessary to achieve closure and pave a path fo…
Understanding the Rise of Anti-Political Correctness Sentiment
The anti-politically correct (PC) stance has been a key defensive position held by many conservative Americans for more than three decades. This position holds that being forced to be politically correct hinders open dialogue and debate on important yet sensitive issues, especially those around race and racism. However, scholars have questioned this anti-PC orientation and tied it to political orientation and racism. One caveat that stands as the…
The Combat Stress Process
Most research on combat exposure and mental health focuses on outcomes most soldiers do not experience, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and suicide. We focus instead on psychological distress using data from World War II. We find that more than 60 percent of Pacific Theater combat soldiers had very high psychological distress, which likely would have disqualified them for military service for psychiatric reasons in 1944. Their symptoms were…
Resource Loss, Slow Violence, and Psychosocial Stress
In August 2022, the Pearl River flooded portions of Jackson, Mississippi and temporarily closed the city’s water treatment plant, leaving most citizens without access to safe drinking and potable water for more than a month. This event punctuated an ongoing water crisis that had lingered for decades in this predominately African American city. We employ a social production of disaster approach to reveal aspects of slow violence perpetrated agains…
Sociology (13 works) · Psychology (10 works) · Political science (7 works) · Economics (6 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Law (5 works) · Law (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Racism (4 works)