Kathryn L Humphreys
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 118149 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Kathryn L Humphreys |
| PRENOMES | Kathryn L |
| SOBRENOME | Humphreys |
| ASSINATURA | HUMPHREYS K L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Vanderbilt University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5715-6597 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 15 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2011 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Annual Research Review
The landscape of trauma‐focused interventions for young children has evolved significantly, though substantial gaps remain. Early childhood trauma exposure occurs during sensitive periods of brain development with potential lifelong consequences. However, these periods also present unique opportunities for intervention to redirect trajectories toward positive outcomes. Rapid neurodevelopmental changes across early childhood necessitate interventi…
Beliefs About the Development of Mental Life
Caregiving relationships with infants and children are among the most common and most complex human social interactions. Adults’ perceptions of children’s mental capacities have important consequences for the well-being of children in their care—particularly in the first few years of life, when children’s communication skills are limited and caregivers must infer children’s rapidly developing thoughts, feelings, and needs. In a series of studies,…
Opioid exposure in gestation, postnatal adversity, and preschool-age cognitive functioning
Children prenatally exposed to opioids exhibit impairments in cognitive functioning and have an increased likelihood of experiencing other forms of adversity. Given that these other forms of early life adversity are linked to lower levels of cognitive functioning, it is important to determine whether the association between opioid exposure and cognitive functioning is better explained by other forms of adversity. The current study used a practica…
Caregiver discomfort in response to children’s emotion displays
The emotion socialization behaviors that caregivers engage in with their own children are influenced, in part, by their own emotional responses to situations. One theory of why caregivers' behaviors differ in response to different child emotions centers on variability in caregiver discomfort around these emotions. Further, this discomfort is postulated to stem from a caregivers' experience during their emotional expressions in childhood with thei…
Enhancing caregiver sensitivity
Caregiving interventions are typically personalized and time intensive, creating barriers to access and use. To address these limitations, in a preregistered study of 120 first-time parents (93 mothers, 27 fathers) of 4- to 6-month-old infants, we tested the impact of a standardized, interactive, single-session video-based intervention (Teach by Example). Participants in the intervention condition (N = 60) were asked to view caregiver-child inter…
Adaptive functioning at age 18 years following severe early deprivation
In the present study, we examined adaptive functioning data from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, a randomized controlled trial of foster care as an alternative to institutional care following exposure to severe psychosocial deprivation. Adaptive functioning refers to the skills individuals need to meet age-appropriate social and practical demands required for independent functioning. These abilities are essential for successful navigati…
Child Care Labor Division
ObjectiveTo examine how expectations and actual division of child care labor relate to life goal satisfaction among first-time and multiparous birthing parents.BackgroundThe unequal division of child care labor between birthing parents and partners is well-documented, yet its impact on life goal satisfaction remains unclear.MethodParticipants included 132 birthing parents (M age = 31.45, SD = 4.72) and 100 partners in heterosexual relationships, …
Environmental contributions to cognitive development
Cognitive stimulation is the availability of enriching environmental inputs that facilitate learning opportunities for children. • While cognitive stimulation plays an important role in children’s cognitive development, it remains a relatively understudied topic. • This review provides an overview of the role of cognitive stimulation in children’s brain and cognitive development. • We present evidence from intervention studies which demonstrates …
Population-Based Estimates of Associations Between Child Maltreatment Types
Although it is accepted that experiences of child maltreatment are multidimensional and often include several correlated but distinct experiences, many clinical and research decisions regarding exposure and treatment do not consider their potential overlap or potential independence. The purpose of this meta-analysis—using a single retrospective self-report measure, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), in population-representative samples—was…
Caregivers’ positive emotion socialization tendencies are associated with positive affect in preschool age children
Longstanding theories of emotion socialization postulate that caregiver emotional and behavioral reactions to a child's emotions together shape the child's emotion displays over time. Despite the notable importance of positive valence system function, the majority of research on caregiver emotion socialization focuses on negative valence system emotions. In the current project, we leveraged a relatively large cross‐sectional study of caregivers (…
Teaching or learning from baby
Caregivers' goals influence their interactions with their children. In this preregistered study, we examined whether directing parents to teach their baby versus learn from their baby influenced the extent to which they engaged in intrusive (e.g., controlling, adult-centered rather than child-centered), sensitive, warm, or cognitively stimulating caregiving behaviors. Mothers and their 6-month-old infants ( N = 66; 32 female infants) from the San…
Infants who experience more adult‐initiated conversations have better expressive language in toddlerhood
To understand how infants become engaged in conversations with their caregivers, we examined who tends to initiate conversations between adults and infants, differences between the features of infant‐ and adult‐initiated conversations, and whether individual differences in how much infants engage in infant‐ or adult‐initiated conversations uniquely predict later language development. We analyzed naturalistic adult–infant conversations captured vi…
An Analogue Study Investigating Differential Parenting of Gender Conforming and Nonconforming Boys
The Value of Dimensional Models of Early Experience
We review the three prevailing approaches—specificity, cumulative risk, and dimensional models—to conceptualizing the developmental consequences of early-life adversity and address fundamental problems with the characterization of these frameworks in a recent Perspectives on Psychological Science piece by Smith and Pollak. We respond to concerns raised by Smith and Pollak about dimensional models of early experience and highlight the value of the…
Heightened sensitivity to the caregiving environment during adolescence
BACKGROUND: Adolescence has been proposed to be a period of heightened sensitivity to environmental influence. If true, adolescence may present a window of opportunity for recovery for children exposed to early-life adversity. Recent evidence supports adolescent recalibration of stress response systems following early-life adversity. However, it is unknown whether similar recovery occurs in other domains of functioning in adolescence. METHODS: We…
Caregiver regulation
This framework may be useful for guiding the priority of treatments, as well as making clear the needed menu of options to support children following adversity, in addressing specific concerns related to ensuring effective caregiver regulation to promote resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Breastfeeding Difficulties Predict Mothers’ Bonding with Their Infants from Birth to Age Six Months
Adverse caregiving in early life
Knowledge and understanding about the impact of cumulative adverse experiences on the health and wellbeing of children, adolescents, and adults has rapidly expanded over the past 30 years. Despite the invaluable attention and support this proliferation has drawn to the importance of early childhood experiences, we believe that it is time to move beyond broad indices of risk and toward more specific and individualized understanding of how risk exp…
The emotional tone of child descriptions during pregnancy is associated with later parenting
Child maltreatment and depression
Meta-analysis
Increased Risk for Family Violence During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Although the public health benefits of social distancing, isolation, and quarantines are well-established and essential for reducing risk of transmitting the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the disease caused by the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), there are also likely consequences for these practices when considering the impact of violence in the home. Reports of increased domestic violence after quarantine o…
Attachment Security in Pregnancy Mediates the Association Between Maternal Childhood Maltreatment and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Offspring
The neglect–enrichment continuum
Categorical Diagnosis of Extreme Hyperactivity, Impulsivity, and Inattention in Very Young Children
Severe hyperactivity and impulsivity are common reasons for referral to infant mental health services. Past versions of ZERO TO THREE's ( ) diagnostic nosology, the Diagnostic Classification of Mental and Developmental Disorders in Infancy and Early Childhood ( DC:0–3 ), did not address this clinical issue because it had been addressed in other nosologies. These general diagnostic nosologies describe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD…
The development of memory efficiency and value-directed remembering across the life span
Although attentional control and memory change considerably across the life span, no research has examined how the ability to strategically remember important information (i.e., value-directed remembering) changes from childhood to old age. The present study examined this in different age groups across the life span (N = 320, 5-96 years old). A selectivity task was used in which participants were asked to study and recall items worth different po…
DNA methylation at stress‐related genes is associated with exposure to early life institutionalization
OBJECTIVES: Differences in DNA methylation have been associated with early life adversity, suggesting that alterations in methylation function as one pathway through which adverse early environments are biologically embedded. This study examined associations between exposure to institutional care, quantified as the proportion of time in institutional care at specified follow-up assessment ages, and DNA methylation status in two stress-related gen…
Caregivers’ positive emotion socialization tendencies are associated with positive affect in preschool age children
Longstanding theories of emotion socialization postulate that caregiver emotional and behavioral reactions to a child's emotions together shape the child's emotion displays over time. Despite the notable importance of positive valence system function, the majority of research on caregiver emotion socialization focuses on negative valence system emotions. In the current project, we leveraged a relatively large cross‐sectional study of caregivers (…
Adverse caregiving in early life
Knowledge and understanding about the impact of cumulative adverse experiences on the health and wellbeing of children, adolescents, and adults has rapidly expanded over the past 30 years. Despite the invaluable attention and support this proliferation has drawn to the importance of early childhood experiences, we believe that it is time to move beyond broad indices of risk and toward more specific and individualized understanding of how risk exp…
The emotional tone of child descriptions during pregnancy is associated with later parenting
Psychopathology in Young Children in Two Types of Foster Care Following Institutional Rearing
Institutional rearing of young children has been demonstrated to increase risk for a broad range of psychiatric disorders and other impairments. This has led many countries to consider or to invest in foster care. However, no study to date has explored potential differences in psychiatric symptoms in children placed in different types of foster care. We assessed internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity…
Victim–offender relationship status moderates the relationships of peritraumatic emotional responses, active resistance, and posttraumatic stress symptomatology in female rape survivors
This study examined whether the level of victim-offender relationship (VOR) moderated the relationship between peritraumatic fear and active resistance as well as the relationship between peritraumatic fear and posttraumatic stress symptom severity in a community sample of female rape survivors. One hundred thirty-five participants were interviewed about their emotional and behavioral responses during the rape and assessed for posttraumatic stres…
The influence of externalizing comorbidity on psychophysiological reactivity among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
Although most individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) demonstrate heightened physiological reactivity to trauma-related cues, many of these individuals do not. The presence of comorbid externalizing disorders is a potential explanation for this inconsistency. This study investigated the psychophysiological reactions to both standardized and idiographic trauma-related cues among male Vietnam Veterans with PTSD only, PTSD and a comorb…
The development of memory efficiency and value-directed remembering across the life span
Although attentional control and memory change considerably across the life span, no research has examined how the ability to strategically remember important information (i.e., value-directed remembering) changes from childhood to old age. The present study examined this in different age groups across the life span (N = 320, 5-96 years old). A selectivity task was used in which participants were asked to study and recall items worth different po…
Psychopathology in Young Children in Two Types of Foster Care Following Institutional Rearing
Institutional rearing of young children has been demonstrated to increase risk for a broad range of psychiatric disorders and other impairments. This has led many countries to consider or to invest in foster care. However, no study to date has explored potential differences in psychiatric symptoms in children placed in different types of foster care. We assessed internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity…
Risky decision making from childhood through adulthood
Decision making in the context of risk is a complex and dynamic process that changes across development. Here, we assessed the influence of sensitivity to negative feedback (e.g., loss) and learning on age-related changes in risky decision making, both of which show unique developmental trajectories. In the present study, we examined risky decision making in 216 individuals, ranging in age from 3-26 years, using the balloon emotional learning tas…
Categorical Diagnosis of Extreme Hyperactivity, Impulsivity, and Inattention in Very Young Children
Severe hyperactivity and impulsivity are common reasons for referral to infant mental health services. Past versions of ZERO TO THREE's ( ) diagnostic nosology, the Diagnostic Classification of Mental and Developmental Disorders in Infancy and Early Childhood ( DC:0–3 ), did not address this clinical issue because it had been addressed in other nosologies. These general diagnostic nosologies describe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD…
DNA methylation at stress‐related genes is associated with exposure to early life institutionalization
OBJECTIVES: Differences in DNA methylation have been associated with early life adversity, suggesting that alterations in methylation function as one pathway through which adverse early environments are biologically embedded. This study examined associations between exposure to institutional care, quantified as the proportion of time in institutional care at specified follow-up assessment ages, and DNA methylation status in two stress-related gen…
The neglect–enrichment continuum
Child maltreatment and depression
Meta-analysis
Increased Risk for Family Violence During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Although the public health benefits of social distancing, isolation, and quarantines are well-established and essential for reducing risk of transmitting the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the disease caused by the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), there are also likely consequences for these practices when considering the impact of violence in the home. Reports of increased domestic violence after quarantine o…
Attachment Security in Pregnancy Mediates the Association Between Maternal Childhood Maltreatment and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Offspring
The Value of Dimensional Models of Early Experience
We review the three prevailing approaches—specificity, cumulative risk, and dimensional models—to conceptualizing the developmental consequences of early-life adversity and address fundamental problems with the characterization of these frameworks in a recent Perspectives on Psychological Science piece by Smith and Pollak. We respond to concerns raised by Smith and Pollak about dimensional models of early experience and highlight the value of the…
Heightened sensitivity to the caregiving environment during adolescence
BACKGROUND: Adolescence has been proposed to be a period of heightened sensitivity to environmental influence. If true, adolescence may present a window of opportunity for recovery for children exposed to early-life adversity. Recent evidence supports adolescent recalibration of stress response systems following early-life adversity. However, it is unknown whether similar recovery occurs in other domains of functioning in adolescence. METHODS: We…
Caregiver regulation
This framework may be useful for guiding the priority of treatments, as well as making clear the needed menu of options to support children following adversity, in addressing specific concerns related to ensuring effective caregiver regulation to promote resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Breastfeeding Difficulties Predict Mothers’ Bonding with Their Infants from Birth to Age Six Months
Adverse caregiving in early life
Knowledge and understanding about the impact of cumulative adverse experiences on the health and wellbeing of children, adolescents, and adults has rapidly expanded over the past 30 years. Despite the invaluable attention and support this proliferation has drawn to the importance of early childhood experiences, we believe that it is time to move beyond broad indices of risk and toward more specific and individualized understanding of how risk exp…
The emotional tone of child descriptions during pregnancy is associated with later parenting
Infants who experience more adult‐initiated conversations have better expressive language in toddlerhood
To understand how infants become engaged in conversations with their caregivers, we examined who tends to initiate conversations between adults and infants, differences between the features of infant‐ and adult‐initiated conversations, and whether individual differences in how much infants engage in infant‐ or adult‐initiated conversations uniquely predict later language development. We analyzed naturalistic adult–infant conversations captured vi…
An Analogue Study Investigating Differential Parenting of Gender Conforming and Nonconforming Boys
Population-Based Estimates of Associations Between Child Maltreatment Types
Although it is accepted that experiences of child maltreatment are multidimensional and often include several correlated but distinct experiences, many clinical and research decisions regarding exposure and treatment do not consider their potential overlap or potential independence. The purpose of this meta-analysis—using a single retrospective self-report measure, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), in population-representative samples—was…
Caregivers’ positive emotion socialization tendencies are associated with positive affect in preschool age children
Longstanding theories of emotion socialization postulate that caregiver emotional and behavioral reactions to a child's emotions together shape the child's emotion displays over time. Despite the notable importance of positive valence system function, the majority of research on caregiver emotion socialization focuses on negative valence system emotions. In the current project, we leveraged a relatively large cross‐sectional study of caregivers (…
Teaching or learning from baby
Caregivers' goals influence their interactions with their children. In this preregistered study, we examined whether directing parents to teach their baby versus learn from their baby influenced the extent to which they engaged in intrusive (e.g., controlling, adult-centered rather than child-centered), sensitive, warm, or cognitively stimulating caregiving behaviors. Mothers and their 6-month-old infants ( N = 66; 32 female infants) from the San…
Environmental contributions to cognitive development
Cognitive stimulation is the availability of enriching environmental inputs that facilitate learning opportunities for children. • While cognitive stimulation plays an important role in children’s cognitive development, it remains a relatively understudied topic. • This review provides an overview of the role of cognitive stimulation in children’s brain and cognitive development. • We present evidence from intervention studies which demonstrates …
Beliefs About the Development of Mental Life
Caregiving relationships with infants and children are among the most common and most complex human social interactions. Adults’ perceptions of children’s mental capacities have important consequences for the well-being of children in their care—particularly in the first few years of life, when children’s communication skills are limited and caregivers must infer children’s rapidly developing thoughts, feelings, and needs. In a series of studies,…
Psychology (24 obras) · Developmental psychology (19 obras) · Clinical Psychology (14 obras) · Child Abuse and Trauma (13 obras) · Medicine (13 obras) · Psychiatry (10 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (9 obras) · Cognitive psychology (8 obras) · Poison control (6 obras) · Cognition (5 obras)