Mark Parascandola
Biographic Data
| ID | 1211138 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mark Parascandola |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mark |
| FAMILY NAME | Parascandola |
| SIGNATURE | PARASCANDOLA M |
| AFFILIATIONS | National Cancer Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6071-8493 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 19 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Non-compliant packaging and illicit smokeless tobacco in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan
Weak and poorly enforced ST control policies may be slowing the progress of tobacco control in South Asia. Standardised regulations are required for packaging and labelling ST. Improving compliance and reducing sale of cheap illicit products may require business licensing and market surveillance
Areca Nut and Betel Quid Control Interventions
Characteristics of Current Betel Quid/Chewing Tobacco Users, Smokers and Dual Users in Indonesia
Background: Indonesia has the third largest population of smokers in the world, however, little is known about the use of chewing tobacco/betel quid in Indonesia. This paper describes the characteristics of chewing tobacco/betel quid users in Indonesia, to understand the user population and inform future research. Methods: The 2011 Indonesia GATS included 8,176 adults ages 15 and older. These data are weighted to be nationally representative. Wei…
Economic burden of lung cancer attributable to smoking in China in 2015
Smoking-attributable economic burden caused by lung cancer was substantial in China in 2015, and will continue increasing given current trends in lung cancer. However, future economic burden can be prevented with implementation of effective tobacco control and other interventions
Juul from the USA to Indonesia
Indonesia has one of the largest tobacco markets in the world, well known for their clove cigarettes, kreteks . However, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are growing in popularity among Indonesians. While conventional cigarettes are sold in stores and kiosks,1 e-cigarettes are sold online (35.3%) and through vape shops (64.7%).2 The 2011 Indonesian Global Adult Tobacco Survey, the latest available national data, reported awareness of e-cigare…
Provincial-level cancer burden attributable to active and second-hand smoking in China
Comprehensive smoke-free policies in China should expand to all provinces, notably those with a higher burden of cancer attributable to smoking, instead of being mostly limited to Beijing and some other metropolitan areas
Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy
We have demonstrated that SHS exposure during pregnancy is far more common than active smoking in LMICs, accounting for more stillbirths than active smoking. Protecting pregnant women from SHS exposure should be a key strategy to improve maternal and child health
Public Opinion, Public Policy, and Smoking
Reviewed by: Public Opinion, Public Policy, and Smoking: The Transformation of American Attitudes and Cigarette Use, 1890–2016 by Thomas R. Marshall Mark Parascandola Thomas R. Marshall. Public Opinion, Public Policy, and Smoking: The Transformation of American Attitudes and Cigarette Use, 1890–2016. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016. xiii + 209 pp. Ill. $85.00 (978-1-4985-0432-4). The rise and subsequent fall of tobacco use in the United S…
Smoke-free air laws and quit attempts
A Historical Review of R. J. Reynolds’ Strategies for Marketing Tobacco to Hispanics in the United States
Hispanics are the fastest growing racial/ethnic group in the United States, and smoking is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among this population. We analyzed tobacco industry documents on R. J. Reynolds’ marketing strategies toward the Hispanic population using tobacco industry document archives from the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library ( http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu ) between February–July 2011 and April–August 2012. O…
Tobacco Harm Reduction and the Evolution of Nicotine Dependence
In recent years, a renewed debate has developed around the potential for modified tobacco products to play a role in reducing tobacco-related harm. During the 1960s and 1970s medical experts recommended to smokers who could not quit that they switch to cigarettes with lower tar and nicotine content. At the time, survey data suggested that smokers who switched did not compensate for the reduction in nicotine by increasing their intake. However, pu…
Individualised risk estimation and the nature of prevention
Statistical risk models hold substantial promise for the practice of cancer prevention by helping to identify high risk populations and subsequently guide decisions about surveillance, further testing and treatments. They have come under criticism for creating new categories of disease-free but ‘at risk’ individuals. We analysed the debate over the interpretation of risk estimates to assess the importance of these models for the practice of cance…
Criteria for evaluating tobacco control research funding programs and their application to models that include financial support from the tobacco industry
Much has been discussed and written about the purposes, outcomes and ethics related to tobacco industry funding of research.1–9 The issue is controversial because of tobacco industry funding mechanisms that have been used by the tobacco industry to gain credibility and to advance the industry’s interests, which may come at the expense of public health;6 at the same time others have argued that, given the scarcity of funding from other sources, to…
Consumer Awareness and Attitudes Related to New Potential Reduced-Exposure Tobacco Products
Hazardous effects of tobacco industry funding
Public health scientists should be aware of the motives of research sponsors and their potential impact on health Concern over commercial sponsorship of medical research is at an all time high these days. As academic medical schools become increasingly dependent on financial relationships with the pharmaceutical industry, for example, there have been calls for more stringent standards for research contracts and public disclosure of potential conf…
Objectivity and the neutral expert
ebate over whether mammography screening saves lives has become front page news again in recent months. The opening salvo came in October 2001 from Gotzsche and Olsen, who argued in the Lancet that five of the seven randomised trials of screening mammography were of poor or flawed quality and that the remaining two fail to show that the benefits outweigh the risks. 1 In the US, scientific experts remain divided in their recommendations regarding …
Uncertain Science and a Failure of Trust
In the late 1970s, the U.S. Congress was debating a number of different proposals to provide monetary compensation to residents of Utah and Nevada who had been exposed to radioactive fallout from government nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s. Yet scientists and government officials expressed concern that such a program would end up compensating many people for cancers that were not caused by the fallout. Thus, after much debate, Congress direct…
Causation in epidemiology
Causation is an essential concept in epidemiology, yet there is no single, clearly articulated definition for the discipline. From a systematic review of the literature, five categories can be delineated: production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic. Strengths and weaknesses of these categories are examined in terms of proposed characteristics of a useful scientific definition of causation: it must…
Parascandola Responds
Hugh LaFollette and Niall Shanks, Brute Science
Evidence and Association
Attempts at quantification turn up in many areas within the modern courtroom, but nowhere more than in the realm of toxic tort law. Evidence, in these cases, is routinely presented in statistical form. The vagueness inherent in phrases such as ‘balance of probabilities’ and ‘more likely than not’ is reinterpreted to correspond to precise mathematical values. Standing alone these developments would not be a cause for great concern. But in practice…
Philosophy in the laboratory
Causation in epidemiology
Causation is an essential concept in epidemiology, yet there is no single, clearly articulated definition for the discipline. From a systematic review of the literature, five categories can be delineated: production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic. Strengths and weaknesses of these categories are examined in terms of proposed characteristics of a useful scientific definition of causation: it must…
Smoke-free air laws and quit attempts
Hazardous effects of tobacco industry funding
Public health scientists should be aware of the motives of research sponsors and their potential impact on health Concern over commercial sponsorship of medical research is at an all time high these days. As academic medical schools become increasingly dependent on financial relationships with the pharmaceutical industry, for example, there have been calls for more stringent standards for research contracts and public disclosure of potential conf…
Philosophy in the laboratory
Parascandola Responds
Evidence and Association
Attempts at quantification turn up in many areas within the modern courtroom, but nowhere more than in the realm of toxic tort law. Evidence, in these cases, is routinely presented in statistical form. The vagueness inherent in phrases such as ‘balance of probabilities’ and ‘more likely than not’ is reinterpreted to correspond to precise mathematical values. Standing alone these developments would not be a cause for great concern. But in practice…
Philosophy in the laboratory
Evidence and Association
Attempts at quantification turn up in many areas within the modern courtroom, but nowhere more than in the realm of toxic tort law. Evidence, in these cases, is routinely presented in statistical form. The vagueness inherent in phrases such as ‘balance of probabilities’ and ‘more likely than not’ is reinterpreted to correspond to precise mathematical values. Standing alone these developments would not be a cause for great concern. But in practice…
Hugh LaFollette and Niall Shanks, Brute Science
Causation in epidemiology
Causation is an essential concept in epidemiology, yet there is no single, clearly articulated definition for the discipline. From a systematic review of the literature, five categories can be delineated: production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic. Strengths and weaknesses of these categories are examined in terms of proposed characteristics of a useful scientific definition of causation: it must…
Parascandola Responds
Uncertain Science and a Failure of Trust
In the late 1970s, the U.S. Congress was debating a number of different proposals to provide monetary compensation to residents of Utah and Nevada who had been exposed to radioactive fallout from government nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s. Yet scientists and government officials expressed concern that such a program would end up compensating many people for cancers that were not caused by the fallout. Thus, after much debate, Congress direct…
Hazardous effects of tobacco industry funding
Public health scientists should be aware of the motives of research sponsors and their potential impact on health Concern over commercial sponsorship of medical research is at an all time high these days. As academic medical schools become increasingly dependent on financial relationships with the pharmaceutical industry, for example, there have been calls for more stringent standards for research contracts and public disclosure of potential conf…
Objectivity and the neutral expert
ebate over whether mammography screening saves lives has become front page news again in recent months. The opening salvo came in October 2001 from Gotzsche and Olsen, who argued in the Lancet that five of the seven randomised trials of screening mammography were of poor or flawed quality and that the remaining two fail to show that the benefits outweigh the risks. 1 In the US, scientific experts remain divided in their recommendations regarding …
Consumer Awareness and Attitudes Related to New Potential Reduced-Exposure Tobacco Products
Criteria for evaluating tobacco control research funding programs and their application to models that include financial support from the tobacco industry
Much has been discussed and written about the purposes, outcomes and ethics related to tobacco industry funding of research.1–9 The issue is controversial because of tobacco industry funding mechanisms that have been used by the tobacco industry to gain credibility and to advance the industry’s interests, which may come at the expense of public health;6 at the same time others have argued that, given the scarcity of funding from other sources, to…
Individualised risk estimation and the nature of prevention
Statistical risk models hold substantial promise for the practice of cancer prevention by helping to identify high risk populations and subsequently guide decisions about surveillance, further testing and treatments. They have come under criticism for creating new categories of disease-free but ‘at risk’ individuals. We analysed the debate over the interpretation of risk estimates to assess the importance of these models for the practice of cance…
Tobacco Harm Reduction and the Evolution of Nicotine Dependence
In recent years, a renewed debate has developed around the potential for modified tobacco products to play a role in reducing tobacco-related harm. During the 1960s and 1970s medical experts recommended to smokers who could not quit that they switch to cigarettes with lower tar and nicotine content. At the time, survey data suggested that smokers who switched did not compensate for the reduction in nicotine by increasing their intake. However, pu…
A Historical Review of R. J. Reynolds’ Strategies for Marketing Tobacco to Hispanics in the United States
Hispanics are the fastest growing racial/ethnic group in the United States, and smoking is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among this population. We analyzed tobacco industry documents on R. J. Reynolds’ marketing strategies toward the Hispanic population using tobacco industry document archives from the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library ( http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu ) between February–July 2011 and April–August 2012. O…
Smoke-free air laws and quit attempts
Provincial-level cancer burden attributable to active and second-hand smoking in China
Comprehensive smoke-free policies in China should expand to all provinces, notably those with a higher burden of cancer attributable to smoking, instead of being mostly limited to Beijing and some other metropolitan areas
Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy
We have demonstrated that SHS exposure during pregnancy is far more common than active smoking in LMICs, accounting for more stillbirths than active smoking. Protecting pregnant women from SHS exposure should be a key strategy to improve maternal and child health
Public Opinion, Public Policy, and Smoking
Reviewed by: Public Opinion, Public Policy, and Smoking: The Transformation of American Attitudes and Cigarette Use, 1890–2016 by Thomas R. Marshall Mark Parascandola Thomas R. Marshall. Public Opinion, Public Policy, and Smoking: The Transformation of American Attitudes and Cigarette Use, 1890–2016. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016. xiii + 209 pp. Ill. $85.00 (978-1-4985-0432-4). The rise and subsequent fall of tobacco use in the United S…
Economic burden of lung cancer attributable to smoking in China in 2015
Smoking-attributable economic burden caused by lung cancer was substantial in China in 2015, and will continue increasing given current trends in lung cancer. However, future economic burden can be prevented with implementation of effective tobacco control and other interventions
Juul from the USA to Indonesia
Indonesia has one of the largest tobacco markets in the world, well known for their clove cigarettes, kreteks . However, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are growing in popularity among Indonesians. While conventional cigarettes are sold in stores and kiosks,1 e-cigarettes are sold online (35.3%) and through vape shops (64.7%).2 The 2011 Indonesian Global Adult Tobacco Survey, the latest available national data, reported awareness of e-cigare…
Areca Nut and Betel Quid Control Interventions
Characteristics of Current Betel Quid/Chewing Tobacco Users, Smokers and Dual Users in Indonesia
Background: Indonesia has the third largest population of smokers in the world, however, little is known about the use of chewing tobacco/betel quid in Indonesia. This paper describes the characteristics of chewing tobacco/betel quid users in Indonesia, to understand the user population and inform future research. Methods: The 2011 Indonesia GATS included 8,176 adults ages 15 and older. These data are weighted to be nationally representative. Wei…
Non-compliant packaging and illicit smokeless tobacco in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan
Weak and poorly enforced ST control policies may be slowing the progress of tobacco control in South Asia. Standardised regulations are required for packaging and labelling ST. Improving compliance and reducing sale of cheap illicit products may require business licensing and market surveillance
Medicine (17 works) · Environmental health (11 works) · Smoking Behavior and Cessation (8 works) · Psychology (7 works) · Business (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · Population (6 works) · Demography (5 works) · Epistemology (5 works) · Public health (5 works)