Sara Raley
Biographic Data
| ID | 121179 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sara Raley |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sara |
| FAMILY NAME | Raley |
| SIGNATURE | RALEY S |
| AFFILIATIONS | McDaniel College |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 556 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 14 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Marriage and the Dual-Career Family
Gender and time allocation of cohabiting and married women and men in France, Italy, and the United States
BACKGROUND: Women, who generally do more unpaid and less paid work than men, have greater incentives to stay in marriages than cohabiting unions, which generally carry fewer legal protections for individuals that wish to dissolve their relationship. The extent to which cohabitation is institutionalized, however, is a matter of policy and varies substantially by country. The gender gap in paid and unpaid work between married and cohabiting individ…
Demographic Techniques
Time, particularly in the United States, is often viewed as a scarce resource. Unlike other resources of interest to social scientists, however, time is evenly distributed in the sense that every individual faces the same 24‐hour constraint. Despite its apparent equality, time allocation is a major indicator of social differentiation and stratification. Social theorist Thorstein Veblen (1953) argued over a century ago, for example, that elites sh…
When Do Fathers Care? Mothers' Economic Contribution and Fathers' Involvement in Child Care
Previous literature suggests a tenuous link between fathers' care of children and maternal employment and earnings. This study shows that the link is stronger when measures of caregiving capture fathers' increased responsibility for children. The analysis of time diary data from 6,572 married fathers and 7,376 married mothers with children under age 13 indicates that fathers (1) engage in more "solo" care of children when their wives are employed…
Taking on the Second Shift
The term "second shift" from Hochschild's (1989) classic volume is commonly used by scholars to mean that employed mothers face an unequal load of household labor and thus a "double day" of work. We use two representative samples of contemporary U.S. parents with preschoolers to test how mothers employed fulltime and married to a full-time worker (focal mothers) differ in time allocations and pressures from fathers and from mothers employed partt…
When Home Becomes Work
Contemporary Motherhood
Time for Children, One's Spouse and Oneself among Parents Who Work Nonstandard Hours
Using data from the 2003 and 2004 American Time Use Surveys, this article examines nonstandard work hours and their relationship to parents' family, leisure and personal care time – informing the discussion of the costs and benefits of working nonstandard hours. The results suggest that parents who work nonstandard evening hours spend less time in some child-related activities than their counterparts who work standard daytime hours, but spend mor…
Demographic Techniques
Time is a scarce, some would say increasingly scarce, resource. However, unlike other resources, time is equally distributed because everyone faces the same 24‐hour constraint as they make decisions about how to allocate their limited time to various and often competing commitments. Despite its apparent equality, time allocation is a major indicator of social differentiation and stratification. For example, people with high levels of human capita…
Demographic change and response
Sons, Daughters, and Family Processes
In the United States, parents prefer a child of each gender, and on many dimensions parents tend to treat sons and daughters similarly. However, fathers' investments appear to be somewhat higher in families with sons. Fathers spend more time with sons than with daughters. Fathers more often marry and stay married and mothers report more marital happiness in families with sons-although associations are weakening and differentials are not large. Di…
How Dual Are Dual-Income Couples? Documenting Change From 1970 to 2001
Using Current Population Survey data for 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2001 (N =73,001), we document change in the prevalence of couples where (a) the wife contributes less than 40% of the family income, (b) income contributions are relatively equal, and (c) the wife's income contribution surpasses her husband's contribution. In 1970, close to 90% of couples had conventional earning arrangements: The husband was the sole provider in 56% of couples and co…
Special Reviewers
Teenagers' Internet Use and Family Rules
The Internet poses challenges to parents who want their children to take advantage of online resources but also want to protect their children from questionable content. Using data from 749 dyads of American parents and their teenage children with Internet access, this study finds that the majority of parents report regulating their teenage children's Internet use, but parents report more monitoring (61%) than teens report (38%). Multivariate reg…
Sons, Daughters, and Family Processes
In the United States, parents prefer a child of each gender, and on many dimensions parents tend to treat sons and daughters similarly. However, fathers' investments appear to be somewhat higher in families with sons. Fathers spend more time with sons than with daughters. Fathers more often marry and stay married and mothers report more marital happiness in families with sons-although associations are weakening and differentials are not large. Di…
When Do Fathers Care? Mothers' Economic Contribution and Fathers' Involvement in Child Care
Previous literature suggests a tenuous link between fathers' care of children and maternal employment and earnings. This study shows that the link is stronger when measures of caregiving capture fathers' increased responsibility for children. The analysis of time diary data from 6,572 married fathers and 7,376 married mothers with children under age 13 indicates that fathers (1) engage in more "solo" care of children when their wives are employed…
Taking on the Second Shift
The term "second shift" from Hochschild's (1989) classic volume is commonly used by scholars to mean that employed mothers face an unequal load of household labor and thus a "double day" of work. We use two representative samples of contemporary U.S. parents with preschoolers to test how mothers employed fulltime and married to a full-time worker (focal mothers) differ in time allocations and pressures from fathers and from mothers employed partt…
Time for Children, One's Spouse and Oneself among Parents Who Work Nonstandard Hours
Using data from the 2003 and 2004 American Time Use Surveys, this article examines nonstandard work hours and their relationship to parents' family, leisure and personal care time – informing the discussion of the costs and benefits of working nonstandard hours. The results suggest that parents who work nonstandard evening hours spend less time in some child-related activities than their counterparts who work standard daytime hours, but spend mor…
How Dual Are Dual-Income Couples? Documenting Change From 1970 to 2001
Using Current Population Survey data for 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2001 (N =73,001), we document change in the prevalence of couples where (a) the wife contributes less than 40% of the family income, (b) income contributions are relatively equal, and (c) the wife's income contribution surpasses her husband's contribution. In 1970, close to 90% of couples had conventional earning arrangements: The husband was the sole provider in 56% of couples and co…
Teenagers' Internet Use and Family Rules
The Internet poses challenges to parents who want their children to take advantage of online resources but also want to protect their children from questionable content. Using data from 749 dyads of American parents and their teenage children with Internet access, this study finds that the majority of parents report regulating their teenage children's Internet use, but parents report more monitoring (61%) than teens report (38%). Multivariate reg…
Gender and time allocation of cohabiting and married women and men in France, Italy, and the United States
BACKGROUND: Women, who generally do more unpaid and less paid work than men, have greater incentives to stay in marriages than cohabiting unions, which generally carry fewer legal protections for individuals that wish to dissolve their relationship. The extent to which cohabitation is institutionalized, however, is a matter of policy and varies substantially by country. The gender gap in paid and unpaid work between married and cohabiting individ…
When Home Becomes Work
Contemporary Motherhood
Demographic change and response
Special Reviewers
Teenagers' Internet Use and Family Rules
The Internet poses challenges to parents who want their children to take advantage of online resources but also want to protect their children from questionable content. Using data from 749 dyads of American parents and their teenage children with Internet access, this study finds that the majority of parents report regulating their teenage children's Internet use, but parents report more monitoring (61%) than teens report (38%). Multivariate reg…
Demographic change and response
Sons, Daughters, and Family Processes
In the United States, parents prefer a child of each gender, and on many dimensions parents tend to treat sons and daughters similarly. However, fathers' investments appear to be somewhat higher in families with sons. Fathers spend more time with sons than with daughters. Fathers more often marry and stay married and mothers report more marital happiness in families with sons-although associations are weakening and differentials are not large. Di…
How Dual Are Dual-Income Couples? Documenting Change From 1970 to 2001
Using Current Population Survey data for 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2001 (N =73,001), we document change in the prevalence of couples where (a) the wife contributes less than 40% of the family income, (b) income contributions are relatively equal, and (c) the wife's income contribution surpasses her husband's contribution. In 1970, close to 90% of couples had conventional earning arrangements: The husband was the sole provider in 56% of couples and co…
Demographic Techniques
Time is a scarce, some would say increasingly scarce, resource. However, unlike other resources, time is equally distributed because everyone faces the same 24‐hour constraint as they make decisions about how to allocate their limited time to various and often competing commitments. Despite its apparent equality, time allocation is a major indicator of social differentiation and stratification. For example, people with high levels of human capita…
Contemporary Motherhood
Time for Children, One's Spouse and Oneself among Parents Who Work Nonstandard Hours
Using data from the 2003 and 2004 American Time Use Surveys, this article examines nonstandard work hours and their relationship to parents' family, leisure and personal care time – informing the discussion of the costs and benefits of working nonstandard hours. The results suggest that parents who work nonstandard evening hours spend less time in some child-related activities than their counterparts who work standard daytime hours, but spend mor…
Taking on the Second Shift
The term "second shift" from Hochschild's (1989) classic volume is commonly used by scholars to mean that employed mothers face an unequal load of household labor and thus a "double day" of work. We use two representative samples of contemporary U.S. parents with preschoolers to test how mothers employed fulltime and married to a full-time worker (focal mothers) differ in time allocations and pressures from fathers and from mothers employed partt…
When Home Becomes Work
Demographic Techniques
Time, particularly in the United States, is often viewed as a scarce resource. Unlike other resources of interest to social scientists, however, time is evenly distributed in the sense that every individual faces the same 24‐hour constraint. Despite its apparent equality, time allocation is a major indicator of social differentiation and stratification. Social theorist Thorstein Veblen (1953) argued over a century ago, for example, that elites sh…
When Do Fathers Care? Mothers' Economic Contribution and Fathers' Involvement in Child Care
Previous literature suggests a tenuous link between fathers' care of children and maternal employment and earnings. This study shows that the link is stronger when measures of caregiving capture fathers' increased responsibility for children. The analysis of time diary data from 6,572 married fathers and 7,376 married mothers with children under age 13 indicates that fathers (1) engage in more "solo" care of children when their wives are employed…
Gender and time allocation of cohabiting and married women and men in France, Italy, and the United States
BACKGROUND: Women, who generally do more unpaid and less paid work than men, have greater incentives to stay in marriages than cohabiting unions, which generally carry fewer legal protections for individuals that wish to dissolve their relationship. The extent to which cohabitation is institutionalized, however, is a matter of policy and varies substantially by country. The gender gap in paid and unpaid work between married and cohabiting individ…
Marriage and the Dual-Career Family
Sociology (9 works) · Work-Family Balance Challenges (9 works) · Economics (8 works) · Psychology (8 works) · Family Dynamics and Relationships (6 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (6 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Developmental psychology (4 works)