Jeroen Van Der Waal
Biographic Data
| ID | 121965 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jeroen Van Der Waal |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jeroen |
| FAMILY NAME | Van Der Waal |
| SIGNATURE | VAN DER WAAL J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Erasmus University Rotterdam |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7565-8155 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 71 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 922 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 71 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 16 |
Why Is Adherence to Dietary Guidelines Socially Stratified among Adults? The Role of Declarative and Nondeclarative Cultural Capital
Cultural capital is theorized to comprise both a declarative (i.e., deliberate/conscious) and a nondeclarative (i.e., automatic/unconscious) element, also referred to as “embodied.” While the latter is considered crucial in everyday health-related choices and in explaining why members of the higher strata more often make healthier ones, extant quantitative research has been unable to empirically measure it. This study implemented a novel method t…
A straightforward trajectory strengthens support for the transition away from natural gas: A population-based survey experiment in the Netherlands
In many countries, energy policies have helped start the move away from natural gas to achieve climate neutrality. Public support for this transition, however, is not unequivocal. This might be because renewable energy policies are not well aligned with individuals' perspectives, namely how renewable energy initiatives: 1) relate to personal needs; 2) align with local communities; and 3) raise or abate doubts. Increasing sensitivity to these pers…
How does exposure to information on ethnic discrimination inspire belief change? A preregistered population‐based survey experiment testing resonance and dissonance mechanisms
Informed by the information‐deficit model, this preregistered survey experiment based on a random sampling of the Dutch population register ( n = 2792) assesses how exposure to information about ethnic discrimination inspires adult belief change, especially how it affects (a) perceptions of ethnic inequality, (b) meritocratic explanations of ethnic inequality, and (c) attitudes toward affirmative action. Moreover, we assess two mechanisms through…
Why Do People Perpetrate Sexual Harassment in Public Space? A Systematic Scoping Review
Despite the growing scholarly interest in sexual harassment in public space over the past decades, there is still no systematic overview of explanations for why perpetrators engage in it. Such an overview would be valuable for improving the effectiveness of prevention strategies. Hence, this review was guided by the following questions: (1) What explanations are provided in the literature for why people engage in sexual harassment in public space…
What is the effect of providing information about the science behind vaccination? A population-based survey experiment on support for the MMR vaccine
This study examines the effects of including information about the scientific research behind vaccination in information provision about the MMR vaccine on societal acceptance and perceived legitimacy of the vaccine. We also test whether these effects are shaped by nature-oriented or science-oriented worldviews. Employing a pre-registered survey experiment conducted among members of a high-quality Dutch panel established using official population…
De volgende stap in stratificatiesociologie: De impliciete kant van cultureel kapitaal blootleggen
Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community
Examining trust in the police and justice system among ethnic minority members: The case of Moroccan- and Turkish-Dutch citizens in the Netherlands
While extant studies indicate that ethnic minority citizens report relatively low levels of trust in the police and justice system, it is less clear how that trust can be explained. Thanks to its purposive oversampling of Dutch citizens with Turkish and Moroccan origins and nested structure (individuals clustered within neighbourhoods), the Netherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study has enabled us to scrutinise which of the following factors contr…
The educational divide in climate change attitudes: Understanding the role of scientific knowledge and subjective social status
Research has frequently found that less-educated citizens are more skeptical about climate change and show less trust in climate science than their more-educated counterparts. We advance insights on why this educational divide exists by: 1) scrutinizing the relevance of the dominant knowledge-deficit explanation by uniquely using an objective measure of scientific knowledge; and 2) theorizing and empirically testing a novel explanation on the imp…
Filling the EU information deficit mitigates negative EU attitudes among the least knowledgeable. Evidence from a population-based survey experiment
The cognitive mobilisation thesis suggests that increasing knowledge on the European Union (EU) would lead to increased support for the institution. We test this with a strategic case whereby we provide information on the EU's subsidiarity principle to the citizenry of a small member state and examine whether it mitigates negative EU attitudes. In an original, pre-registered, population-based survey experiment conducted with members of a panel re…
Explaining the educational gradient in trust in politicians: A Video-Vignette Survey Experiment
Many liberal democracies are characterised by strong educational gradients in political trust: less-educated citizens have strikingly less trust in politicians than more-educated citizens. Informed by a wide body of research, this study tests systematically the empirical relevance of three characteristics of politicians that have been theorised as explanations for the educational gradient in trust in politicians: (1) substantive cultural stances …
What do stances on immigrants' welfare entitlement mean? Evidence from a correlational class analysis
Recent in-depth qualitative research indicates that different people ascribe different meanings to their apparently similar stances on immigrants' entitlement to welfare. We are the first to investigate such variation quantitatively among the public-at-large, applying the novel method Correlational Class Analysis to an original survey fielded among a representative sample in the Netherlands (n = 2138). We uncover five ways of looking at immigrant…
Politicians' high-status signals make less-educated citizens more supportive of aggression against government: A video-vignette survey experiment
Various branches of the literature suggest that exposure to the high-status appearances and lifestyles of politicians in contemporary "diploma democracies" affects the attitudes and behavior of less-educated citizens because it confronts them with their lower status in the political domain. Informed by this, we theorize that such exposure inspires docility (a lower subjective social status, weaker feelings of political entitlement) and revolt (an…
Advancing Stratification Research by Measuring Non-declarative Cultural Capital: A National Population-Based Study Combining IAT and Survey Data
Cultural capital is a central concept in stratification research. Crucial to the Bourdieusian habitus, upper strata familiarity with the dominant culture is assumed to be ingrained via socialization, allowing its members to smoothly navigate educational institutions and higher segments of the labor market. Although cultural capital is deemed partially implicit, such "non-declarative" or "embodied" cultural capital has largely escaped empirical sc…
Does the prospect of further sovereignty loss fuel Euroscepticism? A population-based survey experiment
Whether further European integration is desirable is an ongoing question in public opinion research: both extant research and the outcome of various EU-related referendums show that many citizens hold negative views on proposals that lead to further loss of national sovereignty.An important issue thus arises: does the prospect of such additional sovereignty loss increase negativity towards the EU?This study attempts to answer this question using …
Does informing citizens about the non-meritocratic nature of inequality bolster support for a universal basic income? Evidence from a population-based survey experiment
Despite citizens' precarization and policymakers' enthusiasm for a universal basic income (UBI), this alternative to targeted welfare has, curiously, received limited popular support. We theorize that this is due to people overestimating society's meritocratic nature. Accordingly, we field a randomized survey experiment with a representative sample of the Dutch population (n = 1,630) to investigate the impact of information provision about the no…
Understanding less-educated citizens' (non-)participation in citizens' initiatives: Feelings of entitlement and a taste for politics
This article provides better understanding of less-educated citizens' underrepresentation in citizens' initiatives. Based on in-depth interviews with less-educated citizens in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, the study discerned that the concepts of 'feelings of entitlement' and a 'taste for politics' are crucial for understanding their (non-)participation. The study uncovered that sub-dimensions of these concepts occur in different combinations, yiel…
Why are anti‐smoking health‐information interventions less effective among low‐socioeconomic status groups? A systematic scoping review
Receptive to an authoritative voice? Experimental evidence on how patronizing language and stressing institutional sources affect public receptivity to nutrition information
Common strategies to make official nutrition information more persuasive include highlighting its institutional sources and using simple and direct language. However, such strategies may be counterproductive, as institutions are no longer self-evidently deemed to be legitimate in contemporary societies and such language can be viewed as patronizing. Our preregistered, population-based survey experiment fielded among a high-quality Dutch probabili…
Belief in Meritocracy Reexamined: Scrutinizing the Role of Subjective Social Mobility
Despite decreasing intergenerational mobility, strengthening the ties between family background and children’s economic outcomes, Western citizens continue to believe in meritocracy. We study how meritocratic beliefs about success relate to individuals’ social mobility experiences: Is subjective upward mobility associated with meritocratic attributions of success and downward mobility with structuralist views? Whereas previous studies addressed t…
Different understandings of welfare benefits among the Dutch public: A focus group study
Numerous studies have assessed the extent to which citizens support or oppose welfare benefits (shorthand: benefits). To properly understand this support or opposition, it is important to consider what benefits actually mean to citizens. Indeed, because citizens' understandings of benefits are likely to vary, there may be similar (different) levels of support for very different (similar) reasons. Consequently, in‐depth insights into these underst…
What Does the EU Actually Mean to Citizens? An in‐Depth Study of Dutch citizens' Understandings and Evaluations of the European Union
Although citizens' attitudes towards the European Union (EU) have been examined extensively, there is a dearth of studies on what the EU actually means to them. Inspired by observations suggesting that the EU means different things to different people, this research aimed to uncover these views using an inductive approach: 13 group interviews with a heterogenous set of homogenous groups. 45 Dutch citizens, strategically selected from various soci…
Support for European Union membership comes in various guises: Evidence from a Correlational Class Analysis of novel Dutch survey data
While ample research has scrutinised the causes and consequences of support for the European Union, a pressing question remains: what do people actually mean when they express support for, or opposition to, their country’s membership of the institution? We use Correlational Class Analysis to assess this. Our analysis of high-quality representative Dutch survey data ( n = 2053), including novel items informed by in-depth qualitative research, reve…
Becoming skeptical towards vaccines: How health views shape the trajectories following health-related events
Black Rap, White Rock: Non-Declarative Culture and the Racialization of Cultural Categories
Sociologists of race and ethnicity have convincingly demonstrated that cultural categorizations are affected by racialization. For example, some music genres are clearly dominated by people of color (e.g., rap, soul, r&b), whereas others are particularly popular among whites (e.g., rock, country, classical). However, we know relatively little about how habitual such racialized categorizations are for people. We offer an integrated approach of cul…
An incongruous intervention: Exploring the role of anti-institutionalism in less-educated individual's limited uptake of nutrition information
Despite many efforts, nutritional health interventions have been largely unable to reduce health inequalities between less- and more-educated individuals, since their effectiveness among the former is often limited. Conventionally, adverse financial circumstances and poorer health literacy are argued to explain this. Drawing on recent sociological insights, we propose a complementing and novel sociocultural explanation based on how contemporary p…
The new right and the welfare state: The electoral relevance of welfare chauvinism and welfare populism in the Netherlands
Next to their well-documented authoritarian cultural agenda, new-rightist populist parties have developed specific views on the welfare state: welfare chauvinism and welfare populism. This article studies the electoral relevance of these views for Dutch new-rightist populist parties by means of survey data representative of the Dutch population ( N = 1972). The electorate of those parties shows high levels of both welfare chauvinism and welfare p…
Some are more equal than others’: Economic egalitarianism and welfare chauvinism in the Netherlands
Various studies have demonstrated that while the lower educated support economic redistribution more than the higher educated do, they nonetheless dislike welfare support for immigrants more strongly. This paper aims to explain this remarkably particularistic application of the principle of economic egalitarianism (‘welfare chauvinism’) by testing three theories by means of survey data representative of the Dutch population ( N = 1972). The first…
Class Is Not Dead-It Has Been Buried Alive: Class Voting and Cultural Voting in Postwar Western Societies (1956-1990)
By means of a reanalysis of the most relevant data source-the International Social Mobility and Politics File-this article criticizes the newly grown consensus in political sociology that class voting has declined since World War II. An increase in crosscutting cultural voting, rooted in educational differences rather than a decline in class voting, proves responsible for the decline of traditional class-party alignments. Moreover, income differe…
Three Worlds of Welfare Chauvinism? How Welfare Regimes Affect Support for Distributing Welfare to Immigrants in Europe
Analyzing the 2008 wave of the European Social Survey, this study assesses whether an elaborate institutional theory is able to explain why levels of welfare chauvinism differ among welfare regimes. As expected, native populations in liberal and conservative welfare regimes prove more reluctant to distributing welfare services to immigrants than those in social-democratic ones. Adding country-level data, it is demonstrated that neither difference…
How people organise cultural attitudes: Cultural Belief Systems and the Populist Radical Right
Political scientists generally agree that all individuals structure their cultural attitudes in the same unidimensional fashion. However, various populist radical right parties remarkably combine moral progressiveness with conservatism regarding immigration-related issues. This suggests that the structuring of cultural attitudes among the electorate may also be more complex than typically assumed. Applying Correlational Class Analysis to represen…
Progressiveness and the New Right: The Electoral Relevance of Culturally Progressive Values in the Netherlands
Whereas electoral support for new-rightist parties is often understood as driven by ethnocentric anti-immigrant sentiments, scholars have noted that new-rightist politicians have, surprisingly, stressed culturally progressive arguments in the last decade. Using recent Dutch survey data (N = 1,302) especially collected for this purpose, the article analyses the electoral relevance of three types of cultural progressiveness for voting for the new r…
Cultural Value Orientations and Christian Religiosity: On Moral Traditionalism, Authoritarianism, and their Implications for Voting Behavior
Drawing upon problems of interpretation in political sociological research, this article questions the common practice of lumping together moral traditionalism and authoritarianism. First, it is demonstrated that of the two only moral traditionalism relates to religious orthodoxy. Second, the well-established strong correlation between both value orientations proves to be caused, in the case at hand solely by the circumstance that nontraditionali…
They don't know what it's like to be at the bottom: Exploring the role of perceived cultural distance in less-educated citizens' discontent with politicians
Why is discontent with politicians highest among less-educated citizens? Supplementing explanations concerning a lack of resources and knowledge, we examine the cultural distance to many a politician perceived by this group. Inspired by qualitative studies mapping the worldviews of people from the lower social strata, we explore less-educated citizens' perceptions of politicians using in-depth (group) interviews carried out in various regions of …
A Christian Cancellation of the Secularist Truce? Waning Christian Religiosity and Waxing Religious Deprivatization in the West
Analysis of International Social Survey Program (ISSP) data collected in 18 Western countries in 1998 demonstrates that Christian desires for a public role of religion are strongest in countries where Christian religiosity is numerically most marginal. Moreover, Dutch data covering the period 1970-1996 confirm that the decline of the number of Christians in the Netherlands has been coincided by a strengthening of the call for public religion amon…
Dutch Covid-19 lockdown measures increased trust in government and trust in science: A difference-in-differences analysis
The Educational Gradient in Trust in Politicians in the Netherlands: A Status-Based Cultural Conflict
Much of the educational gradient in trust in politicians remains unexplained by prevailing theories on material resources and institutional knowledge. Our novel explanation theorizes that: in its relationship with trust in politicians, education is a status indicator; and the lower trust in politicians among the less educated reflects the latter's opposition to the former's status signaling. Analyses of representative Dutch survey data (n = 1,296…
Social mobility and political distrust: Cults of gratitude and resentment
Ethnic Segregation and Radical Right-Wing Voting in Dutch Cities
Previous studies have linked anti-immigrant voting and other indications of ethnic animosities to ethnic segregation, yielding different results. In this study, we focus on the locally strongly diverging support for Geert Wilders’s Party for Freedom ( Partij voor de Vrijheid [PVV]) in the Dutch national parliamentary elections of 2006 and 2010 to assess how it can be understood that the effect of ethnic segregation on anti-immigrant voting varies…
Populism and Support for Protectionism: The Relevance of Opposition to Trade Openness for Leftist and Rightist Populist Voting in The Netherlands
Leftist and rightist populist parties in Western Europe both oppose trade openness. Is support for economic protectionism also relevant for their electorates? We assess this in the Netherlands, where both types of populist parties have seats in parliament. Analyses of representative survey data ( n = 1,296) demonstrate that support for protectionism drives voting for such parties, as do the well-established determinants of political distrust (bot…
The Rise of the Penal State: Neo-Liberalization or New Political Culture
Journal Article The Rise of the Penal State: Neo-Liberalization or New Political Culture? Get access Willem de Koster, Willem de Koster * *Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jeroen van der Waal, Jeroen van der Waal Search for other works by this author on: Ox…
Belief in Meritocracy Reexamined: Scrutinizing the Role of Subjective Social Mobility
Despite decreasing intergenerational mobility, strengthening the ties between family background and children’s economic outcomes, Western citizens continue to believe in meritocracy. We study how meritocratic beliefs about success relate to individuals’ social mobility experiences: Is subjective upward mobility associated with meritocratic attributions of success and downward mobility with structuralist views? Whereas previous studies addressed t…
Why do the less educated oppose trade openness? A test of three explanations in the Netherlands
The well-documented opposition to trade openness among the less educated is frequently interpreted in terms of the factor endowment model, suggesting that it is the insecure economic position of the less educated that underlies their disapproval. This theory is, however, contested. Consequently, we have developed two alternative explanations, dereification theory and political-knowledge theory, which are informed by the literature on economic glo…
The micro–macro interactive approach to political trust: Quality of representation and substantive representation across Europe
The relevance of the macro‐context for understanding political trust has been widely studied in recent decades, with increasing attention paid to micro–macro level interactive relationships. Most of these studies rely on theorising about evaluation based on the quality of representation, stressing that more‐educated citizens are most trusting of politics in countries with the least corrupt public domains. In our internationally comparative study,…
A revolt of the deplored? The role of perceived cultural distance in the educational gradient in anti-establishment politics
Anti-establishment politics have become part of contemporary Western democracies. Less-educated citizens in particular have been found to display political distrust and populist attitudes, support populist parties, and abstain from voting. We advance a novel explanation for these patterns, drawing on extant theoretical insights to hypothesize that less- and more-educated citizens differ in the extent to which they perceive politicians to be cultu…
What Does the EU Actually Mean to Citizens? An in‐Depth Study of Dutch citizens' Understandings and Evaluations of the European Union
Although citizens' attitudes towards the European Union (EU) have been examined extensively, there is a dearth of studies on what the EU actually means to them. Inspired by observations suggesting that the EU means different things to different people, this research aimed to uncover these views using an inductive approach: 13 group interviews with a heterogenous set of homogenous groups. 45 Dutch citizens, strategically selected from various soci…
Support for European Union membership comes in various guises: Evidence from a Correlational Class Analysis of novel Dutch survey data
While ample research has scrutinised the causes and consequences of support for the European Union, a pressing question remains: what do people actually mean when they express support for, or opposition to, their country’s membership of the institution? We use Correlational Class Analysis to assess this. Our analysis of high-quality representative Dutch survey data ( n = 2053), including novel items informed by in-depth qualitative research, reve…
Becoming politically discontented: Anti-establishment careers of Dutch nonvoters and PVV voters
Popular political discontent has become increasingly salient in western countries in recent decades, as can be witnessed by the rise of populist anti-establishment parties, nonvoting and increasing distrust in politics. However, these phenomena have predominantly been treated as 'democracy's deviants', neglecting the perspectives of the people concerned. Taking an inductive approach, this article examines how ordinary citizens come to turn away f…
Tolerance in the Postindustrial City: Assessing the Ethnocentrism of Less Educated Natives in 22 Dutch Cities
This article studies whether and why less educated natives are less ethnocentric in postindustrial Dutch cities than in industrial ones, as suggested by several theories in urban studies. A multilevel analysis of survey data collected among the native working populations (source: Cultural Change in the Netherlands Surveys 2004 and 2006) of 22 Dutch metropolitan agglomerations (sources: Statistics Netherlands Statline and Atlas of Municipalities) …
Understanding less-educated citizens' (non-)participation in citizens' initiatives: Feelings of entitlement and a taste for politics
This article provides better understanding of less-educated citizens' underrepresentation in citizens' initiatives. Based on in-depth interviews with less-educated citizens in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, the study discerned that the concepts of 'feelings of entitlement' and a 'taste for politics' are crucial for understanding their (non-)participation. The study uncovered that sub-dimensions of these concepts occur in different combinations, yiel…
Improving Empirical Scrutiny of the Habitus: A Plea for Incorporating Implicit Association Tests in Sociological Research
Many studies invoke the concept of the Bourdieusian habitus to account for a plethora of stratified patterns uncovered by conventional social-scientific methods. However, as a stratum-specific, embodied and largely non-declarative set of dispositions, the role of the habitus in those stratified patterns is typically not adequately scrutinised empirically. Instead, the habitus is often attributed theoretically to an empirically established link be…
Cities of Europe: Changing Contexts, Local Arrangements, and the Challenge to Urban Cohesion – Edited by Yuri Kazepov
Cultural Value Orientations and Christian Religiosity: On Moral Traditionalism, Authoritarianism, and their Implications for Voting Behavior
Drawing upon problems of interpretation in political sociological research, this article questions the common practice of lumping together moral traditionalism and authoritarianism. First, it is demonstrated that of the two only moral traditionalism relates to religious orthodoxy. Second, the well-established strong correlation between both value orientations proves to be caused, in the case at hand solely by the circumstance that nontraditionali…
Class Is Not Dead-It Has Been Buried Alive: Class Voting and Cultural Voting in Postwar Western Societies (1956-1990)
By means of a reanalysis of the most relevant data source-the International Social Mobility and Politics File-this article criticizes the newly grown consensus in political sociology that class voting has declined since World War II. An increase in crosscutting cultural voting, rooted in educational differences rather than a decline in class voting, proves responsible for the decline of traditional class-party alignments. Moreover, income differe…
The Rise of the Penal State: Neo-Liberalization or New Political Culture
Journal Article The Rise of the Penal State: Neo-Liberalization or New Political Culture? Get access Willem de Koster, Willem de Koster * *Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jeroen van der Waal, Jeroen van der Waal Search for other works by this author on: Ox…
Unravelling the Global City Debate on Social Inequality: A Firm-level Analysis of Wage Inequality in Amsterdam and Rotterdam
In this article, an assessment is made of the consequences of globalisation for urban wage inequality. Using data on employers in the Dutch cities of Amsterdam and Rotterdam, it is shown that simply equating global city formation with globalisation, when it comes to urban wage inequality—which is the common research practice in urban studies—leads to a blind spot for the impact of international competition, falsely equates economic restructuring …
Unravelling the Global City Debate on Social Inequality: A Firm-level Analysis of Wage Inequality in Amsterdam and Rotterdam
consequences of globalization: upgrading or polarization?In both the academic and political debate on globalization, inequality is undoubtedly the most disputed theme (cf.Dicken, 2003; Held & McGrew, 2000).This is also true in the field of urban studies, especially in the debate on global cities, where much attention has been paid to the local social effects of globalization.Two opposing views have been brought forward.One states that the globali…
A Christian Cancellation of the Secularist Truce? Waning Christian Religiosity and Waxing Religious Deprivatization in the West
Analysis of International Social Survey Program (ISSP) data collected in 18 Western countries in 1998 demonstrates that Christian desires for a public role of religion are strongest in countries where Christian religiosity is numerically most marginal. Moreover, Dutch data covering the period 1970-1996 confirm that the decline of the number of Christians in the Netherlands has been coincided by a strengthening of the call for public religion amon…
Stedelijke economieën in een tijd van mondialisering: Arbeidsmarktkansen en etnocentrisme van laaggeschoolden in Nederlandse steden
De laatste decennia is er veel geschreven over de lokale gevolgen van economische mondialisering. In Stedelijke economieen in een tijd van mondialisering wordt de complexe internationale literatuur over de lokale gevolgen hiervan op heldere wijze uiteengezet en vervolgens aan empirische toetsing onderworpen. Een analyse met betrekking tot de tweeentwintig grootstedelijke agglomeraties die Nederland telt, laat zien dat alleen immigratie een verkla…
Some are more equal than others’: Economic egalitarianism and welfare chauvinism in the Netherlands
Various studies have demonstrated that while the lower educated support economic redistribution more than the higher educated do, they nonetheless dislike welfare support for immigrants more strongly. This paper aims to explain this remarkably particularistic application of the principle of economic egalitarianism (‘welfare chauvinism’) by testing three theories by means of survey data representative of the Dutch population ( N = 1972). The first…
Post-Industrialisation, Job Opportunities and Ethnocentrism: A Comparison of Twenty-two Dutch Urban Economies
This article assesses the consequences of the transition to a post-industrial urban economy for labour demand and ethnocentrism in the 22 Dutch urban agglomerations. Using municipal-level data as well as surveys, it is shown that the labour market of the least post-industrial cities yields low labour demand for lower-educated urbanites (upgrading/professionalisation thesis), while the labour market of the most post-industrial cities yields high l…
Tolerance in the Postindustrial City: Assessing the Ethnocentrism of Less Educated Natives in 22 Dutch Cities
This article studies whether and why less educated natives are less ethnocentric in postindustrial Dutch cities than in industrial ones, as suggested by several theories in urban studies. A multilevel analysis of survey data collected among the native working populations (source: Cultural Change in the Netherlands Surveys 2004 and 2006) of 22 Dutch metropolitan agglomerations (sources: Statistics Netherlands Statline and Atlas of Municipalities) …
Beyond the domestication of nature? Restructuring the relationship between nature and technology in car commercials
It is often assessed that the construction of nature, technology and the relation between both is in the midst of a restructuring without specifying exactly what different articulations can be distinguished and how they differ from the modern notion of nature being separated from and domesticated by technology. Through an analysis of car commercials, this study develops a typology of constellations of nature and technology. Besides the well-known…
Post-industrialisation, Immigration and Unemployment: How and Why the Impact of Immigration on Unemployment Differs between Dutch Cities
Studies on the substitution thesis in advanced economies show scattered results: the impact of immigration on the wages and likelihood of unemployment of the less educated varies strongly. Both studies on the substitution thesis itself and studies on the unequal post-industrial development of urban economies, suggest that this is because the substitution thesis is conditional on the type of urban economy. The empirical validity of this suggestion…
Three Worlds of Welfare Chauvinism? How Welfare Regimes Affect Support for Distributing Welfare to Immigrants in Europe
Analyzing the 2008 wave of the European Social Survey, this study assesses whether an elaborate institutional theory is able to explain why levels of welfare chauvinism differ among welfare regimes. As expected, native populations in liberal and conservative welfare regimes prove more reluctant to distributing welfare services to immigrants than those in social-democratic ones. Adding country-level data, it is demonstrated that neither difference…
Cultural Amenities and Unemployment in Dutch Cities: Disentangling a Consumerist and Productivist Explanation for Less-educated Urbanites’ Varying Unemployment Levels across Urban Economies
Previous studies on the advanced economies have shown that unemployment levels of the less-educated are low in cities with high employment shares in the advanced producer services. Scholars have consistently interpreted this finding according to Sassen’s polarisation thesis. This article confronts this production-based interpretation with a competing consumption-based explanation, which focuses on the role of cultural amenities. Analysing data on…
Foreign Direct Investment and International Migration to Dutch Cities
This article assesses separately the push/pull-factor explanations in Sassen’s theory on migration from newly industrialising countries to cities in OECD countries. The push-factor explanation argues that foreign direct investments spawn migration flows to the country from which these investments stem. The pull-factor explanation revolves around demand for low-skilled workers in cities due to the clustering of advanced producer services. It is fo…
Ethnic Segregation and Radical Right-Wing Voting in Dutch Cities
Previous studies have linked anti-immigrant voting and other indications of ethnic animosities to ethnic segregation, yielding different results. In this study, we focus on the locally strongly diverging support for Geert Wilders’s Party for Freedom ( Partij voor de Vrijheid [PVV]) in the Dutch national parliamentary elections of 2006 and 2010 to assess how it can be understood that the effect of ethnic segregation on anti-immigrant voting varies…
The new right and the welfare state: The electoral relevance of welfare chauvinism and welfare populism in the Netherlands
Next to their well-documented authoritarian cultural agenda, new-rightist populist parties have developed specific views on the welfare state: welfare chauvinism and welfare populism. This article studies the electoral relevance of these views for Dutch new-rightist populist parties by means of survey data representative of the Dutch population ( N = 1972). The electorate of those parties shows high levels of both welfare chauvinism and welfare p…
Crisis in de postindustriële stad
Crisis in the Post-Industrial City? Analysing the Impact of Post-Industrialism and Creativity on Unemployment among the Less Educated in Dutch Cities during the Crisis (2008-2012) Former industrial strongholds have to cope with higher unemployment levels among the less educated than service-oriented urban economies. Two explanations that can account for this firmly-established pattern ‐ the polarisation thesis and the creativity thesis ‐ inspire …
Progressiveness and the New Right: The Electoral Relevance of Culturally Progressive Values in the Netherlands
Whereas electoral support for new-rightist parties is often understood as driven by ethnocentric anti-immigrant sentiments, scholars have noted that new-rightist politicians have, surprisingly, stressed culturally progressive arguments in the last decade. Using recent Dutch survey data (N = 1,302) especially collected for this purpose, the article analyses the electoral relevance of three types of cultural progressiveness for voting for the new r…
Why do the less educated oppose trade openness? A test of three explanations in the Netherlands
The well-documented opposition to trade openness among the less educated is frequently interpreted in terms of the factor endowment model, suggesting that it is the insecure economic position of the less educated that underlies their disapproval. This theory is, however, contested. Consequently, we have developed two alternative explanations, dereification theory and political-knowledge theory, which are informed by the literature on economic glo…
State of Disgrace: Popular Political Discontents about the Dutch State in the 2000s
While it is widely acknowledged that politics and politicians have fallen from grace among large parts of the public in western democracies, it is less clear what the latter’s political discontents are about. To find out, we performed an interpretative content analysis of the letters to the editor of the largest popular Dutch newspaper in the 2000s (2000–2009). \n \nIt yielded three empirically grounded discourses of political discontents about ‘…
Questioning Ethnic Identity: Interviewer Effects in Research About Immigrants’ Self-Definition and Feelings of Belonging
Although studies on ethnicity-of-interviewer effects demonstrate that the interviewer's ethnic background influences respondents' answers, they often do not take the multifaceted nature and context-dependency of ethnic identifications into account. We aim to contribute to the literature in two respects. First, we discern two aspects of ethnic identification-defining oneself as being ethnic and expressing feelings of belonging to ethnic groups-of …
Becoming politically discontented: Anti-establishment careers of Dutch nonvoters and PVV voters
Popular political discontent has become increasingly salient in western countries in recent decades, as can be witnessed by the rise of populist anti-establishment parties, nonvoting and increasing distrust in politics. However, these phenomena have predominantly been treated as 'democracy's deviants', neglecting the perspectives of the people concerned. Taking an inductive approach, this article examines how ordinary citizens come to turn away f…
A science confidence gap: Education, trust in scientific methods, and trust in scientific institutions in the United States, 2014
Following up on suggestions that attitudes toward science are multi-dimensional, we analyze nationally representative survey data collected in the United States in 2014 ( N = 2006), and demonstrate the existence of a science confidence gap: some people place great trust in scientific methods and principles, but simultaneously distrust scientific institutions. This science confidence gap is strongly associated with level of education: it is larger…
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