Mary T Westbrook
Biographic Data
| ID | 123400 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mary T Westbrook |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mary T |
| FAMILY NAME | Westbrook |
| SIGNATURE | WESTBROOK M T |
| AFFILIATIONS | UNSW Sydney |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 70 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Multidisciplinary diabetes team care: The experiences of young adults with T ype 1 diabetes
BACKGROUND: This research examined whether young adults with Type 1 diabetes engage with the multidisciplinary consultation process and if not, then why. METHODS: We designed a web-based self-reported survey, available online from February to May 2011, for Australian adults 18-35 years with Type 1 diabetes. Respondents were asked about which clinicians they consulted to assist with self-management. To expand on the results of the survey, we inter…
Implementation of a patient safety incident management system as viewed by doctors, nurses and allied health professionals
Incident reporting systems have become a central mechanism of most health services patient safety strategies. In this article we compare health professionals' anonymous, free text responses in an evaluation of a newly implemented electronic incident management system. The professions' answers were compared using classic content analysis and Leximancer, a computer assisted text analysis package. The classic analysis identified issues which differe…
Turning the medical gaze in upon itself: Root cause analysis and the investigation of clinical error
A tale of two hospitals11We draw on the title from Charles Dickens. He opened his famous novel A tale of two cities (London: (Signet, 1859/1997) with the lines “It was the best of times, it was the wo…
Gender differences in the symptoms and physical and mental well-being of dyspeptics: A population based study
Attitudes towards disabilities in a multicultural society
Negative Attitudes Toward Physically Disabled Women Having Children: An Additional Handicap
The negative attitudes that exist regarding physically disabled women having children are discussed. The major justifications given for such attitudes are that disabled mothers are unable to provide adequate care and that their children are likely to be maladjusted. Research findings do not support these beliefs. However, such attitudes further handicap disabled mothers by depriving them of relevant information and support, and fostering feelings…
Ethnic Residents in Nursing Homes: A Staff Perspective
The numbers of the aged from non-English speaking backgrounds are increasing at a proportionately greater rate than are the numbers of other aged Australians. Little attention has been directed at identifying difficulties encountered when providing them with residential care. A survey of 163 directors of nursing (DONs) in Sydney nursing homes and interviews with thirty two DONs investigated their experiences with ethnic patients. Tensions were id…
Sex-role attitudes of tertiary students in 1976 and 1986
Sex-role attitudes of incoming tertiary students were measured on the Attitudes Toward Women Scale (Spence & Helmreich, 1972) in 1976 (N - 265) and 1986 (N = 510). Students' total and six subscale scores were analysed using 2&2 anovas. Four significant sex effects occurred. Females' scores on the total, vocational, freedom, and marital roles scales were more egalitarian than male attitudes. Six significant year effects occurred. Students' attitud…
Is There a Pattern of Psychological Reactions to Chronic Illness Which is Associated with Death
In order to identify any pattern of psychological reactions to illness associated with later death, interview material from a sample of chronically ill people who died within months of being interviewed was compared with similar material from a sample of chronically ill people who did not die, as well as from a group of healthy people who did not die. The samples were matched for sex and age, and, where appropriate, for degree of disability and t…
Belief in ability to control chronic illness: Associated evaluations and medical experiences
Questionnaires from 156 people with scleroderma, a serious, progressive, chronic disease, were used to investigate factors in patients' medical histories associated with belief in ability to control relapses, a variable previously found to be related to adjustment to illness. The 80 subjects who perceived themselves as having the ability to control relapses were more likely to have had initial contact with a helpful general practitioner and to ha…
Medical Handmaidens' Changing Self‐image
To examine whether recent social changes were associated with changes in women's self perceptions, the ambitions and self‐concepts of incoming female students in three health professions were surveyed in 1976 and 1986. In 1986 students were more ambitious to achieve professional recognition and leadership, more committed to their careers (even when their children were young), wanted fewer children, attached more importance to enjoying life and le…
Characteristics of women health professionals with vertical, lateral, and stationary career plans
Cultural differences in reactions to patient behaviour: A comparison of Swedish and Australian health professionals
Career development among female health professionals: Correlates and predictors of job satisfaction
This study examined 15 measures of job satisfaction among 93 young, female health professionals. Results indicated that these women were highly satisfied with their jobs and their career choices. However, they experienced deprivation regarding the two aspects of work most important to them; skill development and chances to accomplish something worthwhile. With respect to extrinsic work aspects; job security, physical surroundings and promotion op…
Age and Sex Differences in Patients' Reactions to Illness
To test hypotheses derived from theories regarding sex differences in illness behavior, health care received, and psychological development across the life span, patients' descriptions of their current' life situations were content analyzed using nine scales that measure patterns of anxiety, depression, anger, helplessness, competence, sociability and positive feelings. Patients had chronic diseases or were awaiting surgery. Two-way analyses of v…
Patterns of anxiety in the chronically ill
A sample of chronically ill patients was interviewed in order to establish some of their biographic characteristics and their perceptions of their handicaps and handicap‐related goals when hospitalized and seven months later in the community. Other variables of interest were the type of disability they suffered (from their medical records) and two measures of the success of their rehabilitation (based on patients' perceptions and goals). Canonica…
Psychological reactions to the onset of chronic illness
Career selection, satisfaction and aspirations among female students in five health professions
Questionnaires were completed by 214 female, final-year students in occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech pathology, medical record administration and nursing, at Cumberland College of Health Sciences. Student groups differed significantly in the factors influencing their career choices, degree of satisfaction with these choices, changes in ideas regarding professional work, likelihood of changing occupations, levels of ambition, aspects of…
Changes in sex-role stereotypes from health to illness
Changes in sex-role stereotypes from health to illness
Sociality: A Content Analysis Scale for Verbalizations
Conceptualizations of positive interpersonal relationships by Danziger (1976) and Osgood (1970) formed the basis of. a content analysis scale for verbalizations. The resulting Sociality Scale score (SS) is the total of seven subscales. The relationship types of Solidarity, Intimacy, influence and undifferentiated Shared Experience form one subset of subscales, and the relationship roles of Reactor, Initiator and Joint Actor form the other. SS pro…
Socioeconomic differences in coping with childbearing
The socioeconomic status of 200 women, who were completing a childbearing year, was found to be significantly associated with their attitudes, affective arousal and coping strategies. Differences in attitude existed toward 11 of 18 aspects of childbearing, working-class women holding more positive attitudes with the exception of their negative attitudes concerning physical problems and labor. Affective arousal, as measured by the application of 1…
The reactions to child‐bearing and early maternal experience of women with differing marital relationships
The type of marital relationships of 200 women was significantly associated with their attitudes toward child‐bearing and their affective reactions, as measured by the application of twelve content analysis scales to their retrospective accounts of a child‐bearing year. Positive marital relationships were linked with calmer reactions. Self‐oriented relationships were characterized by mutilation anxiety. In ambivalent and negative relationships ea…
The Effect of the Order of a Birth on Women's Experience of Childbearing
200 women who had borne a child within the last 2-7 months and were therefore completing a childbearing year were interviewed in order to compare the experience of a childbearing year by women having their 1st 2nd 3rd 4th or later children. The objective was to delineate the variations and constances in womens experience of successive childbearing. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences between the experiences of women of…
Attitudes towards disabilities in a multicultural society
Turning the medical gaze in upon itself: Root cause analysis and the investigation of clinical error
A tale of two hospitals11We draw on the title from Charles Dickens. He opened his famous novel A tale of two cities (London: (Signet, 1859/1997) with the lines “It was the best of times, it was the wo…
Psychological reactions to the onset of chronic illness
The application of content analysis scales to life stress research
Application of the Gottschalk-Gleser scales to life stress research has led to greater use being made of anxiety subscale scores, the development of additional content analysis scales measuring cognitive anxiety and positive affect, and toe use of a cost ratio to express people's overall experience of an event. Methods for studying affective reactions over time and for eliciting verbal samples for retrospective research are discussed and some Aus…
Cultural differences in reactions to patient behaviour: A comparison of Swedish and Australian health professionals
Age and Sex Differences in Patients' Reactions to Illness
To test hypotheses derived from theories regarding sex differences in illness behavior, health care received, and psychological development across the life span, patients' descriptions of their current' life situations were content analyzed using nine scales that measure patterns of anxiety, depression, anger, helplessness, competence, sociability and positive feelings. Patients had chronic diseases or were awaiting surgery. Two-way analyses of v…
The reactions to child‐bearing and early maternal experience of women with differing marital relationships
The type of marital relationships of 200 women was significantly associated with their attitudes toward child‐bearing and their affective reactions, as measured by the application of twelve content analysis scales to their retrospective accounts of a child‐bearing year. Positive marital relationships were linked with calmer reactions. Self‐oriented relationships were characterized by mutilation anxiety. In ambivalent and negative relationships ea…
Ethnic Residents in Nursing Homes: A Staff Perspective
The numbers of the aged from non-English speaking backgrounds are increasing at a proportionately greater rate than are the numbers of other aged Australians. Little attention has been directed at identifying difficulties encountered when providing them with residential care. A survey of 163 directors of nursing (DONs) in Sydney nursing homes and interviews with thirty two DONs investigated their experiences with ethnic patients. Tensions were id…
Medical Handmaidens' Changing Self‐image
To examine whether recent social changes were associated with changes in women's self perceptions, the ambitions and self‐concepts of incoming female students in three health professions were surveyed in 1976 and 1986. In 1986 students were more ambitious to achieve professional recognition and leadership, more committed to their careers (even when their children were young), wanted fewer children, attached more importance to enjoying life and le…
Patterns of anxiety in the chronically ill
A sample of chronically ill patients was interviewed in order to establish some of their biographic characteristics and their perceptions of their handicaps and handicap‐related goals when hospitalized and seven months later in the community. Other variables of interest were the type of disability they suffered (from their medical records) and two measures of the success of their rehabilitation (based on patients' perceptions and goals). Canonica…
Career selection, satisfaction and aspirations among female students in five health professions
Questionnaires were completed by 214 female, final-year students in occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech pathology, medical record administration and nursing, at Cumberland College of Health Sciences. Student groups differed significantly in the factors influencing their career choices, degree of satisfaction with these choices, changes in ideas regarding professional work, likelihood of changing occupations, levels of ambition, aspects of…
The application of content analysis scales to life stress research
Application of the Gottschalk-Gleser scales to life stress research has led to greater use being made of anxiety subscale scores, the development of additional content analysis scales measuring cognitive anxiety and positive affect, and toe use of a cost ratio to express people's overall experience of an event. Methods for studying affective reactions over time and for eliciting verbal samples for retrospective research are discussed and some Aus…
The reactions to child‐bearing and early maternal experience of women with differing marital relationships
The type of marital relationships of 200 women was significantly associated with their attitudes toward child‐bearing and their affective reactions, as measured by the application of twelve content analysis scales to their retrospective accounts of a child‐bearing year. Positive marital relationships were linked with calmer reactions. Self‐oriented relationships were characterized by mutilation anxiety. In ambivalent and negative relationships ea…
The Effect of the Order of a Birth on Women's Experience of Childbearing
200 women who had borne a child within the last 2-7 months and were therefore completing a childbearing year were interviewed in order to compare the experience of a childbearing year by women having their 1st 2nd 3rd 4th or later children. The objective was to delineate the variations and constances in womens experience of successive childbearing. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences between the experiences of women of…
Changes in sex-role stereotypes from health to illness
Changes in sex-role stereotypes from health to illness
Sociality: A Content Analysis Scale for Verbalizations
Conceptualizations of positive interpersonal relationships by Danziger (1976) and Osgood (1970) formed the basis of. a content analysis scale for verbalizations. The resulting Sociality Scale score (SS) is the total of seven subscales. The relationship types of Solidarity, Intimacy, influence and undifferentiated Shared Experience form one subset of subscales, and the relationship roles of Reactor, Initiator and Joint Actor form the other. SS pro…
Socioeconomic differences in coping with childbearing
The socioeconomic status of 200 women, who were completing a childbearing year, was found to be significantly associated with their attitudes, affective arousal and coping strategies. Differences in attitude existed toward 11 of 18 aspects of childbearing, working-class women holding more positive attitudes with the exception of their negative attitudes concerning physical problems and labor. Affective arousal, as measured by the application of 1…
Career selection, satisfaction and aspirations among female students in five health professions
Questionnaires were completed by 214 female, final-year students in occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech pathology, medical record administration and nursing, at Cumberland College of Health Sciences. Student groups differed significantly in the factors influencing their career choices, degree of satisfaction with these choices, changes in ideas regarding professional work, likelihood of changing occupations, levels of ambition, aspects of…
Patterns of anxiety in the chronically ill
A sample of chronically ill patients was interviewed in order to establish some of their biographic characteristics and their perceptions of their handicaps and handicap‐related goals when hospitalized and seven months later in the community. Other variables of interest were the type of disability they suffered (from their medical records) and two measures of the success of their rehabilitation (based on patients' perceptions and goals). Canonica…
Psychological reactions to the onset of chronic illness
Career development among female health professionals: Correlates and predictors of job satisfaction
This study examined 15 measures of job satisfaction among 93 young, female health professionals. Results indicated that these women were highly satisfied with their jobs and their career choices. However, they experienced deprivation regarding the two aspects of work most important to them; skill development and chances to accomplish something worthwhile. With respect to extrinsic work aspects; job security, physical surroundings and promotion op…
Age and Sex Differences in Patients' Reactions to Illness
To test hypotheses derived from theories regarding sex differences in illness behavior, health care received, and psychological development across the life span, patients' descriptions of their current' life situations were content analyzed using nine scales that measure patterns of anxiety, depression, anger, helplessness, competence, sociability and positive feelings. Patients had chronic diseases or were awaiting surgery. Two-way analyses of v…
Characteristics of women health professionals with vertical, lateral, and stationary career plans
Cultural differences in reactions to patient behaviour: A comparison of Swedish and Australian health professionals
Is There a Pattern of Psychological Reactions to Chronic Illness Which is Associated with Death
In order to identify any pattern of psychological reactions to illness associated with later death, interview material from a sample of chronically ill people who died within months of being interviewed was compared with similar material from a sample of chronically ill people who did not die, as well as from a group of healthy people who did not die. The samples were matched for sex and age, and, where appropriate, for degree of disability and t…
Belief in ability to control chronic illness: Associated evaluations and medical experiences
Questionnaires from 156 people with scleroderma, a serious, progressive, chronic disease, were used to investigate factors in patients' medical histories associated with belief in ability to control relapses, a variable previously found to be related to adjustment to illness. The 80 subjects who perceived themselves as having the ability to control relapses were more likely to have had initial contact with a helpful general practitioner and to ha…
Medical Handmaidens' Changing Self‐image
To examine whether recent social changes were associated with changes in women's self perceptions, the ambitions and self‐concepts of incoming female students in three health professions were surveyed in 1976 and 1986. In 1986 students were more ambitious to achieve professional recognition and leadership, more committed to their careers (even when their children were young), wanted fewer children, attached more importance to enjoying life and le…
Sex-role attitudes of tertiary students in 1976 and 1986
Sex-role attitudes of incoming tertiary students were measured on the Attitudes Toward Women Scale (Spence & Helmreich, 1972) in 1976 (N - 265) and 1986 (N = 510). Students' total and six subscale scores were analysed using 2&2 anovas. Four significant sex effects occurred. Females' scores on the total, vocational, freedom, and marital roles scales were more egalitarian than male attitudes. Six significant year effects occurred. Students' attitud…
Negative Attitudes Toward Physically Disabled Women Having Children: An Additional Handicap
The negative attitudes that exist regarding physically disabled women having children are discussed. The major justifications given for such attitudes are that disabled mothers are unable to provide adequate care and that their children are likely to be maladjusted. Research findings do not support these beliefs. However, such attitudes further handicap disabled mothers by depriving them of relevant information and support, and fostering feelings…
Ethnic Residents in Nursing Homes: A Staff Perspective
The numbers of the aged from non-English speaking backgrounds are increasing at a proportionately greater rate than are the numbers of other aged Australians. Little attention has been directed at identifying difficulties encountered when providing them with residential care. A survey of 163 directors of nursing (DONs) in Sydney nursing homes and interviews with thirty two DONs investigated their experiences with ethnic patients. Tensions were id…
Attitudes towards disabilities in a multicultural society
Gender differences in the symptoms and physical and mental well-being of dyspeptics: A population based study
A tale of two hospitals11We draw on the title from Charles Dickens. He opened his famous novel A tale of two cities (London: (Signet, 1859/1997) with the lines “It was the best of times, it was the wo…
Turning the medical gaze in upon itself: Root cause analysis and the investigation of clinical error
Implementation of a patient safety incident management system as viewed by doctors, nurses and allied health professionals
Incident reporting systems have become a central mechanism of most health services patient safety strategies. In this article we compare health professionals' anonymous, free text responses in an evaluation of a newly implemented electronic incident management system. The professions' answers were compared using classic content analysis and Leximancer, a computer assisted text analysis package. The classic analysis identified issues which differe…
Psychology (22 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Clinical Psychology (12 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Psychiatry (8 works) · Political science (7 works)