F Garip
Biographic Data
| ID | 123502 |
|---|---|
| NAME | F Garip |
| GIVEN NAMES | F |
| FAMILY NAME | Garip |
| SIGNATURE | GARIP F |
| AFFILIATIONS | Harvard University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6729-2728 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 646 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Weather Extremes in Indigenous Communities in Mexico and Undocumented US Migration and Its Duration
In Mexico, the context of indigeneity—the share of the local population with precolonial origins—patterns multiple forms of inequality, including disproportionate exposure to weather extremes. We examine whether it also shapes undocumented migration to and return from the United States following weather extremes. Analyzing data on over 90,000 individuals from 147 Mexican communities in the Mexican Migration Project, linked to municipal measures o…
Climate Change and Human Mobility: Considering Context, Mechanisms, and Selectivity
Climate change is projected to increase human mobility. Research links climate stressors, such as warming temperatures, severe weather events, and rising sea levels, to human migration within and between countries in many regions of the world. This paper reviews this new frontier for migration research and charts directions for future work. Understanding climate mobility, we argue, requires considering local context to identify mechanisms (what c…
Bringing Children to the Center of Migration Theory
Migration theory is adult-centric, failing to account for the experiences of children despite their increasingly important participation in migration flows. Using a life-course perspective and findings from research at the intersection of childhood studies and migration, this paper considers whether different migration theories apply to child migration as compared to adult migration. We examine this question using the Mexican Migration Project da…
How to model the weather-migration link: A machine-learning approach to variable selection in the Mexico-U.S. context
A growing body of research investigates how changes in weather shape individual choices about migration, yet highly variable results continue to challenge our understanding of the weather-migration nexus. We use a data-driven approach to identify which weather variables best predicted migration decisions of 54,986 individuals originating in Mexico between 1989 and 2016. Using supervised machine learning, we fit random forests to model migration c…
Network amplification
Social networks are critical to understanding diffusion of behaviors and distribution of outcomes in society. Because individuals often select their social ties based on similarity in attributes (homophily) and because different attributes tend to be correlated (consolidation), network diffusion can amplify existing differences in behaviors and outcomes across groups. To study network-driven inequality, existing work focuses mainly on the mechani…
Integrating explanation and prediction in computational social science
Network Diffusion Under Homophily and Consolidation as a Mechanism for Social Inequality
Network externalities (where the value of a practice is a function of network alters that have already adopted the practice) are mechanisms that exacerbate social inequality under the condition of homophily (where advantaged individuals poised to be primary adopters are socially connected to other advantaged individuals). In their 2011 article, Dimaggio and Garip use an agent-based model of diffusion on a real-life population for empirical illust…
Commentary: Immigrant Vote in the 2020 US Presidential Election
The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1111/imig.12776
Mexico-U.S. Migration in Time: From Economic to Social Mechanisms
This article adopts a mixed-methods approach to illustrate how economic, political, and social mechanisms work across time to shape individuals’ migration decisions. First, using large-scale survey data from the Mexican Migration Project, we show that economic, political, and social factors all matter for migration decisions but that social factors come to matter most for migration over time. Second, drawing on 120 in-depth interviews with migran…
How the State Criminalizes Immigrants and to What Effect: A Multidisciplinary Account
The recent salience of immigration as an issue has led to more restrictive policies toward immigrants in many settings. This special issue brings together scholars from multiple disciplines and presents a collection of articles that investigates the nature of immigration enforcement, examines the actors and institutions involved, and uncovers some of the consequences for immigrants and communities. This introductory article takes stock of the mai…
Machine Learning for Sociology
Machine learning is a field at the intersection of statistics and computer science that uses algorithms to extract information and knowledge from data. Its applications increasingly find their way into economics, political science, and sociology. We offer a brief introduction to this vast toolbox and illustrate its current uses in the social sciences, including distilling measures from new data sources, such as text and images; characterizing pop…
Promising directions for research on the second-generation immigrants
This article engages with Luthra, Soehl and Waldinger's (2018) Origins and Destinations to consider the future of comparative work on the experiences of second generation immigrants. I highlight the strengths of the book in bringing clarity to existing theoretical debates and in using fitting methods to identify empirical patterns in surveys from New York and Los Angeles. I discuss the future avenues for research inspired by this work that includ…
On the Move: Changing Mechanisms of Mexico-U.S. Migration
Economic Shock and Migration
Classic migration theory predicts that individual and household migration decisions are partially responsive to economic pushes from origin communities and pulls from destinations. Recent theorizing argues that this basic relationship is fundamentally influenced by the experiences accumulated within migrant streams, connecting potential migrants with future migrants between origin and destination. Drawing upon a 16-year study of migrant departure…
On the Move: Changing Mechanisms of Mexico-U.S. Migration
Why do Mexicans migrate to the United States? Is there a typical Mexican migrant? Beginning in the 1970s, survey data indicated that the average migrant was a young, unmarried man who was poor, undereducated, and in search of better employment opportunities. This is the general view that most Americans still hold of immigrants from Mexico. This book argues that not only does this view of Mexican migrants reinforce the stereotype of their undesira…
Network Effects in Mexico–U.S. Migration: Disentangling the Underlying Social Mechanisms
Scholars have long noted how migration streams, once initiated, obtain a self-feeding character. Studies have connected this phenomenon, called the cumulative causation of migration, to expanding social networks that link migrants in destination to individuals in origin. While extant research has established a positive association between individuals’ ties to prior migrants and their migration propensities, seldom have researchers interrogated ho…
Migrant Networks
Migrant networks—webs of social ties between individuals in origin and migrants in destination—are a key determinant of the magnitude and direction of migration flows, as well as migrants' adaptation outcomes. The increasing emphasis on migrant networks represents a new approach to migration research, which, until the late 1980s, had been dominated by economic or political explanations of migration. This entry summarizes findings on migrant netwo…
Network Effects in Migrant Remittances: Evidence From Household, Sibling, and Village Ties in Nang Rong, Thailand
Migrant remittances comprise an important capital source for developing countries. Research connects migrants' remittance behavior to altruism, exchange, insurance, and investment motives or to a desire to maintain options available through origin communities. This study provides an alternative "network" perspective: Remittance behavior may depend on the remitting patterns of those in one's social ties-(a) to members of the origin household; (b) …
The Impact of Migration and Remittances on Wealth Accumulation and Distribution in Rural Thailand
This article studies the impact of internal migration and remittance flows on wealth accumulation and distribution in 51 rural villages in Nang Rong, Thailand. Using data from 5,449 households, the study constructs indices of household productive and consumer assets with principal component analysis. The changes in these indices from 1994 to 2000 are modeled as a function of households’ prior migration and remittance behavior with ordinary least …
Who donates their bodies to science? The combined role of gender and migration status among California whole-body donors
An Integrated Analysis of Migration and Remittances: Modeling Migration as a Mechanism for Selection
Repeat Migration and Remittances as Mechanisms for Wealth Inequality in 119 Communities From the Mexican Migration Project Data
To evaluate the distributional impact of remittances in origin communities, prior research studied how migrants’ selectivity by wealth varies with migration prevalence in the community or prior migration experience of the individual. This study considers both patterns; it examines selectivity separately in low- and high-prevalence communities and for first-time and repeat migrants. Based on data from 18,042 household heads in 119 Mexican communit…
Discovering Diverse Mechanisms of Migration: The Mexico–US Stream 1970–2000
Migrants to the United States are a diverse population. This diversity, identified in various migration theories, is overlooked in empirical applications that describe a typical narrative for an average migrant. Using the Mexican Migration Project data from about 17,000 first‐time migrants from Mexico to the US between 1970 and 2000, this study employs cluster analysis to identify four types of migrants with distinct configurations of characteris…
Network Effects and Social Inequality
Students of social inequality have noted the presence of mechanisms militating toward cumulative advantage and increasing inequality. Social scientists have established that individuals' choices are influenced by those of their network peers in many social domains. We suggest that the ubiquity of network effects and tendencies toward cumulative advantage are related. Inequality is exacerbated when effects of individual differences are multiplied …
Remittances
Remittances are funds and goods sent by internal or international migrants to their origin families and communities. According to World Bank estimates, remittances to developing countries reached US$325 billion in 2010, constituting the largest source of external finance, and more than 10 percent of the gross domestic product, in many countries. Remittances relax budget constraints in receiving households and create investment opportunities in re…
Network Effects and Social Inequality
Students of social inequality have noted the presence of mechanisms militating toward cumulative advantage and increasing inequality. Social scientists have established that individuals' choices are influenced by those of their network peers in many social domains. We suggest that the ubiquity of network effects and tendencies toward cumulative advantage are related. Inequality is exacerbated when effects of individual differences are multiplied …
Machine Learning for Sociology
Machine learning is a field at the intersection of statistics and computer science that uses algorithms to extract information and knowledge from data. Its applications increasingly find their way into economics, political science, and sociology. We offer a brief introduction to this vast toolbox and illustrate its current uses in the social sciences, including distilling measures from new data sources, such as text and images; characterizing pop…
Social capital and migration: How do similar resources lead to divergent outcomes
This article investigates how migrant social capital differentially influences individuals’ migration and cumulatively generates divergent outcomes for communities. To combine the fragmented findings in the literature, the article proposes a framework that decomposes migrant social capital into resources (information about or assistance with migration), sources (prior migrants), and recipients (potential migrants). Analysis of multilevel and long…
Mapping Gender and Migration in Sociological Scholarship: Is It Segregation or Integration
A review of the sociological research about gender and migration shows the substantial ways in which gender fundamentally organizes the social relations and structures influencing the causes and consequences of migration. Yet, although a significant sociological research has emerged on gender and migration in the last three decades, studies are not evenly distributed across the discipline. In this article, we map the recent intellectual history o…
Gendered Migrant Social Capital: Evidence from Thailand
Employing longitudinal data from Thailand to replicate studies of cumulative causation, we extend current knowledge by measuring frequency of trips, duration of time away, level of network aggregation (village or household), and sex composition of migrant networks to estimate a model of prospective migration among men and women in Thailand. We find that trips and duration of time away have distinct influences upon migration; that household level …
How Network Externalities Can Exacerbate Intergroup Inequality
The authors describe a common but largely unrecognized mechanism that produces and exacerbates intergroup inequality: the diffusion of valuable practices with positive network externalities through social networks whose members differentially possess characteristics associated with adoption. The authors examine two cases: the first, to explore the mechanism's implications and, the second, to demonstrate its utility in analyzing empirical data. In…
Discovering Diverse Mechanisms of Migration: The Mexico–US Stream 1970–2000
Migrants to the United States are a diverse population. This diversity, identified in various migration theories, is overlooked in empirical applications that describe a typical narrative for an average migrant. Using the Mexican Migration Project data from about 17,000 first‐time migrants from Mexico to the US between 1970 and 2000, this study employs cluster analysis to identify four types of migrants with distinct configurations of characteris…
Network Effects in Mexico–U.S. Migration: Disentangling the Underlying Social Mechanisms
Scholars have long noted how migration streams, once initiated, obtain a self-feeding character. Studies have connected this phenomenon, called the cumulative causation of migration, to expanding social networks that link migrants in destination to individuals in origin. While extant research has established a positive association between individuals’ ties to prior migrants and their migration propensities, seldom have researchers interrogated ho…
Repeat Migration and Remittances as Mechanisms for Wealth Inequality in 119 Communities From the Mexican Migration Project Data
To evaluate the distributional impact of remittances in origin communities, prior research studied how migrants’ selectivity by wealth varies with migration prevalence in the community or prior migration experience of the individual. This study considers both patterns; it examines selectivity separately in low- and high-prevalence communities and for first-time and repeat migrants. Based on data from 18,042 household heads in 119 Mexican communit…
The Impact of Migration and Remittances on Wealth Accumulation and Distribution in Rural Thailand
This article studies the impact of internal migration and remittance flows on wealth accumulation and distribution in 51 rural villages in Nang Rong, Thailand. Using data from 5,449 households, the study constructs indices of household productive and consumer assets with principal component analysis. The changes in these indices from 1994 to 2000 are modeled as a function of households’ prior migration and remittance behavior with ordinary least …
Increasing Migration, Diverging Communities: Changing Character of Migrant Streams in Rural Thailand
How to model the weather-migration link: A machine-learning approach to variable selection in the Mexico-U.S. context
A growing body of research investigates how changes in weather shape individual choices about migration, yet highly variable results continue to challenge our understanding of the weather-migration nexus. We use a data-driven approach to identify which weather variables best predicted migration decisions of 54,986 individuals originating in Mexico between 1989 and 2016. Using supervised machine learning, we fit random forests to model migration c…
Mexico-U.S. Migration in Time: From Economic to Social Mechanisms
This article adopts a mixed-methods approach to illustrate how economic, political, and social mechanisms work across time to shape individuals’ migration decisions. First, using large-scale survey data from the Mexican Migration Project, we show that economic, political, and social factors all matter for migration decisions but that social factors come to matter most for migration over time. Second, drawing on 120 in-depth interviews with migran…
Network Diffusion Under Homophily and Consolidation as a Mechanism for Social Inequality
Network externalities (where the value of a practice is a function of network alters that have already adopted the practice) are mechanisms that exacerbate social inequality under the condition of homophily (where advantaged individuals poised to be primary adopters are socially connected to other advantaged individuals). In their 2011 article, Dimaggio and Garip use an agent-based model of diffusion on a real-life population for empirical illust…
Bringing Children to the Center of Migration Theory
Migration theory is adult-centric, failing to account for the experiences of children despite their increasingly important participation in migration flows. Using a life-course perspective and findings from research at the intersection of childhood studies and migration, this paper considers whether different migration theories apply to child migration as compared to adult migration. We examine this question using the Mexican Migration Project da…
How the State Criminalizes Immigrants and to What Effect: A Multidisciplinary Account
The recent salience of immigration as an issue has led to more restrictive policies toward immigrants in many settings. This special issue brings together scholars from multiple disciplines and presents a collection of articles that investigates the nature of immigration enforcement, examines the actors and institutions involved, and uncovers some of the consequences for immigrants and communities. This introductory article takes stock of the mai…
An Integrated Analysis of Migration and Remittances: Modeling Migration as a Mechanism for Selection
Network Effects in Migrant Remittances: Evidence From Household, Sibling, and Village Ties in Nang Rong, Thailand
Migrant remittances comprise an important capital source for developing countries. Research connects migrants' remittance behavior to altruism, exchange, insurance, and investment motives or to a desire to maintain options available through origin communities. This study provides an alternative "network" perspective: Remittance behavior may depend on the remitting patterns of those in one's social ties-(a) to members of the origin household; (b) …
Who donates their bodies to science? The combined role of gender and migration status among California whole-body donors
Gendered Migrant Social Capital: Evidence from Thailand
Employing longitudinal data from Thailand to replicate studies of cumulative causation, we extend current knowledge by measuring frequency of trips, duration of time away, level of network aggregation (village or household), and sex composition of migrant networks to estimate a model of prospective migration among men and women in Thailand. We find that trips and duration of time away have distinct influences upon migration; that household level …
Mapping Gender and Migration in Sociological Scholarship: Is It Segregation or Integration
A review of the sociological research about gender and migration shows the substantial ways in which gender fundamentally organizes the social relations and structures influencing the causes and consequences of migration. Yet, although a significant sociological research has emerged on gender and migration in the last three decades, studies are not evenly distributed across the discipline. In this article, we map the recent intellectual history o…
Social capital and migration: How do similar resources lead to divergent outcomes
This article investigates how migrant social capital differentially influences individuals’ migration and cumulatively generates divergent outcomes for communities. To combine the fragmented findings in the literature, the article proposes a framework that decomposes migrant social capital into resources (information about or assistance with migration), sources (prior migrants), and recipients (potential migrants). Analysis of multilevel and long…
Increasing Migration, Diverging Communities: Changing Character of Migrant Streams in Rural Thailand
Remittances
Remittances are funds and goods sent by internal or international migrants to their origin families and communities. According to World Bank estimates, remittances to developing countries reached US$325 billion in 2010, constituting the largest source of external finance, and more than 10 percent of the gross domestic product, in many countries. Remittances relax budget constraints in receiving households and create investment opportunities in re…
How Network Externalities Can Exacerbate Intergroup Inequality
The authors describe a common but largely unrecognized mechanism that produces and exacerbates intergroup inequality: the diffusion of valuable practices with positive network externalities through social networks whose members differentially possess characteristics associated with adoption. The authors examine two cases: the first, to explore the mechanism's implications and, the second, to demonstrate its utility in analyzing empirical data. In…
An Integrated Analysis of Migration and Remittances: Modeling Migration as a Mechanism for Selection
Repeat Migration and Remittances as Mechanisms for Wealth Inequality in 119 Communities From the Mexican Migration Project Data
To evaluate the distributional impact of remittances in origin communities, prior research studied how migrants’ selectivity by wealth varies with migration prevalence in the community or prior migration experience of the individual. This study considers both patterns; it examines selectivity separately in low- and high-prevalence communities and for first-time and repeat migrants. Based on data from 18,042 household heads in 119 Mexican communit…
Discovering Diverse Mechanisms of Migration: The Mexico–US Stream 1970–2000
Migrants to the United States are a diverse population. This diversity, identified in various migration theories, is overlooked in empirical applications that describe a typical narrative for an average migrant. Using the Mexican Migration Project data from about 17,000 first‐time migrants from Mexico to the US between 1970 and 2000, this study employs cluster analysis to identify four types of migrants with distinct configurations of characteris…
Network Effects and Social Inequality
Students of social inequality have noted the presence of mechanisms militating toward cumulative advantage and increasing inequality. Social scientists have established that individuals' choices are influenced by those of their network peers in many social domains. We suggest that the ubiquity of network effects and tendencies toward cumulative advantage are related. Inequality is exacerbated when effects of individual differences are multiplied …
The Impact of Migration and Remittances on Wealth Accumulation and Distribution in Rural Thailand
This article studies the impact of internal migration and remittance flows on wealth accumulation and distribution in 51 rural villages in Nang Rong, Thailand. Using data from 5,449 households, the study constructs indices of household productive and consumer assets with principal component analysis. The changes in these indices from 1994 to 2000 are modeled as a function of households’ prior migration and remittance behavior with ordinary least …
Who donates their bodies to science? The combined role of gender and migration status among California whole-body donors
Migrant Networks
Migrant networks—webs of social ties between individuals in origin and migrants in destination—are a key determinant of the magnitude and direction of migration flows, as well as migrants' adaptation outcomes. The increasing emphasis on migrant networks represents a new approach to migration research, which, until the late 1980s, had been dominated by economic or political explanations of migration. This entry summarizes findings on migrant netwo…
Network Effects in Migrant Remittances: Evidence From Household, Sibling, and Village Ties in Nang Rong, Thailand
Migrant remittances comprise an important capital source for developing countries. Research connects migrants' remittance behavior to altruism, exchange, insurance, and investment motives or to a desire to maintain options available through origin communities. This study provides an alternative "network" perspective: Remittance behavior may depend on the remitting patterns of those in one's social ties-(a) to members of the origin household; (b) …
Economic Shock and Migration
Classic migration theory predicts that individual and household migration decisions are partially responsive to economic pushes from origin communities and pulls from destinations. Recent theorizing argues that this basic relationship is fundamentally influenced by the experiences accumulated within migrant streams, connecting potential migrants with future migrants between origin and destination. Drawing upon a 16-year study of migrant departure…
On the Move: Changing Mechanisms of Mexico-U.S. Migration
Why do Mexicans migrate to the United States? Is there a typical Mexican migrant? Beginning in the 1970s, survey data indicated that the average migrant was a young, unmarried man who was poor, undereducated, and in search of better employment opportunities. This is the general view that most Americans still hold of immigrants from Mexico. This book argues that not only does this view of Mexican migrants reinforce the stereotype of their undesira…
Network Effects in Mexico–U.S. Migration: Disentangling the Underlying Social Mechanisms
Scholars have long noted how migration streams, once initiated, obtain a self-feeding character. Studies have connected this phenomenon, called the cumulative causation of migration, to expanding social networks that link migrants in destination to individuals in origin. While extant research has established a positive association between individuals’ ties to prior migrants and their migration propensities, seldom have researchers interrogated ho…
On the Move: Changing Mechanisms of Mexico-U.S. Migration
Mexico-U.S. Migration in Time: From Economic to Social Mechanisms
This article adopts a mixed-methods approach to illustrate how economic, political, and social mechanisms work across time to shape individuals’ migration decisions. First, using large-scale survey data from the Mexican Migration Project, we show that economic, political, and social factors all matter for migration decisions but that social factors come to matter most for migration over time. Second, drawing on 120 in-depth interviews with migran…
How the State Criminalizes Immigrants and to What Effect: A Multidisciplinary Account
The recent salience of immigration as an issue has led to more restrictive policies toward immigrants in many settings. This special issue brings together scholars from multiple disciplines and presents a collection of articles that investigates the nature of immigration enforcement, examines the actors and institutions involved, and uncovers some of the consequences for immigrants and communities. This introductory article takes stock of the mai…
Machine Learning for Sociology
Machine learning is a field at the intersection of statistics and computer science that uses algorithms to extract information and knowledge from data. Its applications increasingly find their way into economics, political science, and sociology. We offer a brief introduction to this vast toolbox and illustrate its current uses in the social sciences, including distilling measures from new data sources, such as text and images; characterizing pop…
Promising directions for research on the second-generation immigrants
This article engages with Luthra, Soehl and Waldinger's (2018) Origins and Destinations to consider the future of comparative work on the experiences of second generation immigrants. I highlight the strengths of the book in bringing clarity to existing theoretical debates and in using fitting methods to identify empirical patterns in surveys from New York and Los Angeles. I discuss the future avenues for research inspired by this work that includ…
Commentary: Immigrant Vote in the 2020 US Presidential Election
The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1111/imig.12776
Network amplification
Social networks are critical to understanding diffusion of behaviors and distribution of outcomes in society. Because individuals often select their social ties based on similarity in attributes (homophily) and because different attributes tend to be correlated (consolidation), network diffusion can amplify existing differences in behaviors and outcomes across groups. To study network-driven inequality, existing work focuses mainly on the mechani…
Integrating explanation and prediction in computational social science
Migration and Labor Dynamics (23 works) · Economics (22 works) · Sociology (19 works) · Political science (18 works) · Demographic economics (15 works) · Geography (13 works) · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies (11 works) · Economic growth (9 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Computer Science (7 works)