Sonia Lucarelli
Biographic Data
| ID | 123545 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sonia Lucarelli |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sonia |
| FAMILY NAME | Lucarelli |
| SIGNATURE | LUCARELLI S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Bologna |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1971-3265 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 94 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 3 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Cyber Diplomacy and the Russia–Ukraine War: The European Union’s Response
Russia has long been considered an effective actor in the cyber domain. Following its full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, concerns grew over a surge in cyber-attacks to aid its military and pressure Europe. While Ukraine showed unexpected cyber resilience and the immediate military-operational impact was limited, Russia’s cyber campaign evolved, intensifying cyber operations on the European Union ( EU ) and its member states for b…
Europe between Russia’s self and others: Continuity and transformation in Russia’s perceptions of the European Union
This article aims at unpacking changing Russian attitudes towards Europe and the European Union (EU) over the past two decades. The idea of Europe has been an integral part of Russia's Self/Other identification process since imperial times. However, over the course of 20-plus years of growing East-West tensions, the meaning of 'Europeanness' in the Russian lexicon has changed; with it, Russia's perception of (relation with) Europe/the EU has shif…
Some Reflections on the Teaching of International Monetary Economics
The ‘pragmatic’ foreign policy of the Meloni government: Between ‘Euro-nationalism’, Atlanticism and Mediterranean activism
Concerned about reassuring its European and transatlantic allies, during 2023 the Meloni government pursued a foreign policy aimed at showing consistency of intent and reaffirming Italy's international role. In particular, the government has focused its efforts on redefining relations with the European Union, the United States, the wider Mediterranean and the Indo-Pacific - while interfacing with the Russian-Ukrainian and Israeli-Palestinian conf…
Recent Crises and the Evolution of European Policies. An Introduction
An illiberal power? EU bordering practices and the liberal international order
The relevance of bordering practices and dynamics for the European Union has significantly increased in recent years, ranging from Brexit to the open-border policies towards Ukrainians fleeing Russia's military aggression, through the crises in the Schengen area due to migration and COVID-19. In its attempts to respond to these challenges, the EU has been widely criticized in particular for its approach to migration; it has been alluded to as bei…
Bordering power Europe? The mobility-bordering nexus in and by the European Union
The EU has been built on the idea that enhanced transnational relations and free movement of persons between Member States have a positive impact on international cooperation and security. However, what we have witnessed in the past decade is a growing pressure to limit mobility, reinvigorated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Calls for a strengthened Schengen area go together with the externalization of European borders and the involvement of third stat…
Collective Securitisation and Security Governance in the European Union
Cognitive Capitalism, Welfare and Labour: The Commonfare Hypothesis
This book deals with the transformations of both accumulation process and labour in the transition from a Fordist to a cognitive capitalism paradigm, with specific regard to Western economies. It outlines the advent, after industrial capitalism, of a new phase of the capitalist system in which the value of cognitive labour becomes dominant. In this framework, the central stakes of capital valorisation and forms of property are directly based on t…
Cryptocurrencies, Monetary Policy, and New Forms of Monetary Sovereignty
The article aims to bring to light the limits and contradictions of cryptocurrencies, as well as to investigate possible alternative uses of them. Particularly focusing on Bitcoin, understood as a benchmark for the entire sector, the authors seek to answer the following questions: Should Bitcoin be considered a currency, an investment vehicle, or a speculative asset? On which factors does Bitcoin volatility depend? Do Central Banks effectively ha…
The EU as a securitising agent? Testing the model, advancing the literature
EU actorness even in turbulent times has been re-affirmed by a largely \noverlooked phenomenon – namely, the emergence of the EU as an agent of \ncollective securitisation. The fundamental claim of securitisation theory is that \nthreat emergence and management are shaped by the actions of a securitising \nagent that explicitly links together the social construction of the threat \nwith socially acceptable governance or policy measures. This conc…
Between Money and Sovereignty: Is a New Monetary Thinking Needed to Institute the Common
The diffusion of alternative financial and credit circuits, in which the money favours the self-management of social wealth, may curb the expropriation caused by processes of abnormal indebtedness that increasingly characterise economic systems. The article proposes an examination of four experiences with complementary currencies that have sprung up in Europe after the recent crisis, distinguishing between local currencies (Sardex, SoNantes and S…
Nato’s demographic paradox
Russia, cyberterrorism, Da’esh are among the most quoted challenges to NATO mentioned in the organizations’ documents, specialized literature and newspaper articles. How about a subtler, less striking but real challenge like demographic change? Demographic trends are increasingly recognized as relevant in understanding international politics and particularly international security, but only seldom taken into consideration when dealing with NATO’s…
Quelle souveraineté monétaire
Les grandes difficultés que rencontre aujourd'hui la politique européenne, aussi bien dans ses sommets institutionnels que dans les expériences des mouvements sociaux, sont liées principalement à une incapacité à affronter la crise en posant la nécessité de réformer le système monétaire dans une perspective bottom up . Cela devrait conduire 1) à s'interroger sur le sens de la souveraineté monétaire en Europe et 2) à comprendre ce que signifie « p…
Europe's “depopul-ageing” bomb
For a long time International Relations did not pay much attention to population studies and it took the end of the Cold War to find new attention to global phenomena even included global demographic trends and their implications. Yet such an attention is still limited in academia and fails to find its place in the pages of many leading reviews of the discipline. This is rather surprising given the relevance of demographic trends on the overall f…
Italy and the EU: From True Love to Disenchantment
As a founding member of the European Union, for a long time Italy was one of the foremost supporters of the integration process. For many years no significant change occurred to this unchallenged Europhilia, and a ‘pro-integrationist paradigm’ tended to prevail whenever Italy expressed itself on European governance. Despite there having been no serious breach against a substantial pro-European policy, what has changed since the early 1990s is the…
Mind the gap: IR and the challenge of international politics
The discipline of International Relations (IR) for a long time of its history has developed in the form of Great Debates that involved competing paradigms and schools. More recently, it has been described as a cacophony of voices unable to communicate among themselves, but also incapable to provide keys to understand an ever more complex reality. This collection aims at evaluating the heuristic value of a selection of traditional paradigms (reali…
Finance, Austerity and Commonfare
The links between the crisis of subprime mortgages and the so-called crisis of European sovereign debt are sometimes concealed, so as to create a veritable sense of shared guilt meant to sanction the legitimacy of the austerity policies that have been imposed by virtuous Northern European countries on the undeserving countries of Southern Europe. We will analyse three main aspects of the current crisis: (1) we will interpret the austerity policie…
Dochód podstawowy a wydajność w kapitalizmie kognitywnym
In this article, basic income (BI) will not be considered as a measure to raise living standards and social well-being. Rather, it will be presented as an indispensable structural policy for achieving a healthier social order governed by a more equitable compromise between capital and labor. Embracing the French Regulation School approach, we maintain that such a compromise is founded on the redistribution of productivity gains. Describing the dy…
Contemporary Capitalism as a New Monetary Economy of Production: The Logic of Conventions, M&A, and LBOs
The main changes of new capitalism concern mainly two spheres: the new technological paradigm and valorization process and the importance of finance. The main feature of the prevailing finance-led growth regime during the first decade of new millennium is then presented. In this perspective, particular attention is given to the analysis of the evolution and the logic characterizing mergers and acquisitions and leverage buyouts. After describing t…
Seen from the Outside: The State of the Art on the External Image of the EU
After years of collective fascination with the idea of the EU as a ‘special’ global actor, some scholars have started to investigate whether such a perception of distinctiveness is shared by people, institutions and intellectuals outside of Europe. Such investigations have already produced some interesting results, but they are still limited in terms of geographical and functional scope of research, and they tend to be under-theorised and to fail…
Winds of democratic change in the Mediterranean? Actors, processes and possible outcomes
Two years after the beginning of the so-called Arab Spring it is still difficult to \nevaluate if and how democracy has taken ground in the Middle East and North \nAfrica (MENA) region. The unfolding of events in Tunisia, Egypt, or Libya tell \ndifferent stories, none of which has a clear conclusion. This aricle reviews the book: Winds of democratic change in the Mediterranean? Actors, processes and possible outcomes, edited by Stefania Panebianc…
The EU and multilateral security governance
A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production: Some Further Reflections
Badalian and Krivorotov (2012) not only acknowledge the strong link between the crisis of 2007 and the 1990s technological paradigm, but they also accept the complementarity between overinvestment in new technologies and increasing financial liquidity that we highlighted in our article "A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production." They argue that a similar trend seems to have also characterized Great Britain between the end of the nineteenth …
A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production
The monetary theory of production offers a systemic approach to describe systemic crises, but, faced with contemporary capitalism, it needs to be modified. In accordance with the Schumpeterian perspective, we adopt a framework that points to both the monetary nature of and qualitative changes in the capitalist system. The low level of wages, and the consequent underconsumption, is not the unique cause of the 2007-9 crisis. Not only has financiali…
Seen from the Outside: The State of the Art on the External Image of the EU
After years of collective fascination with the idea of the EU as a ‘special’ global actor, some scholars have started to investigate whether such a perception of distinctiveness is shared by people, institutions and intellectuals outside of Europe. Such investigations have already produced some interesting results, but they are still limited in terms of geographical and functional scope of research, and they tend to be under-theorised and to fail…
Italy and the EU: From True Love to Disenchantment
As a founding member of the European Union, for a long time Italy was one of the foremost supporters of the integration process. For many years no significant change occurred to this unchallenged Europhilia, and a ‘pro-integrationist paradigm’ tended to prevail whenever Italy expressed itself on European governance. Despite there having been no serious breach against a substantial pro-European policy, what has changed since the early 1990s is the…
The EU as a securitising agent? Testing the model, advancing the literature
EU actorness even in turbulent times has been re-affirmed by a largely \noverlooked phenomenon – namely, the emergence of the EU as an agent of \ncollective securitisation. The fundamental claim of securitisation theory is that \nthreat emergence and management are shaped by the actions of a securitising \nagent that explicitly links together the social construction of the threat \nwith socially acceptable governance or policy measures. This conc…
Finance, Austerity and Commonfare
The links between the crisis of subprime mortgages and the so-called crisis of European sovereign debt are sometimes concealed, so as to create a veritable sense of shared guilt meant to sanction the legitimacy of the austerity policies that have been imposed by virtuous Northern European countries on the undeserving countries of Southern Europe. We will analyse three main aspects of the current crisis: (1) we will interpret the austerity policie…
A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production
The monetary theory of production offers a systemic approach to describe systemic crises, but, faced with contemporary capitalism, it needs to be modified. In accordance with the Schumpeterian perspective, we adopt a framework that points to both the monetary nature of and qualitative changes in the capitalist system. The low level of wages, and the consequent underconsumption, is not the unique cause of the 2007-9 crisis. Not only has financiali…
Values, identity and ideational shocks in the transatlantic rift
The ‘pragmatic’ foreign policy of the Meloni government: Between ‘Euro-nationalism’, Atlanticism and Mediterranean activism
Concerned about reassuring its European and transatlantic allies, during 2023 the Meloni government pursued a foreign policy aimed at showing consistency of intent and reaffirming Italy's international role. In particular, the government has focused its efforts on redefining relations with the European Union, the United States, the wider Mediterranean and the Indo-Pacific - while interfacing with the Russian-Ukrainian and Israeli-Palestinian conf…
An illiberal power? EU bordering practices and the liberal international order
The relevance of bordering practices and dynamics for the European Union has significantly increased in recent years, ranging from Brexit to the open-border policies towards Ukrainians fleeing Russia's military aggression, through the crises in the Schengen area due to migration and COVID-19. In its attempts to respond to these challenges, the EU has been widely criticized in particular for its approach to migration; it has been alluded to as bei…
Basic Income and Productivity in Cognitive Capitalism
In this article, basic income (BI) will not be considered as a measure to raise living standards and social well-being. Rather, it will be presented as an indispensable structural policy for achieving a healthier social order governed by a more equitable compromise between capital and labor. Embracing the French Regulation School approach, we maintain that such a compromise is founded on the redistribution of productivity gains. Describing the dy…
Europe between Russia’s self and others: Continuity and transformation in Russia’s perceptions of the European Union
This article aims at unpacking changing Russian attitudes towards Europe and the European Union (EU) over the past two decades. The idea of Europe has been an integral part of Russia's Self/Other identification process since imperial times. However, over the course of 20-plus years of growing East-West tensions, the meaning of 'Europeanness' in the Russian lexicon has changed; with it, Russia's perception of (relation with) Europe/the EU has shif…
Bordering power Europe? The mobility-bordering nexus in and by the European Union
The EU has been built on the idea that enhanced transnational relations and free movement of persons between Member States have a positive impact on international cooperation and security. However, what we have witnessed in the past decade is a growing pressure to limit mobility, reinvigorated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Calls for a strengthened Schengen area go together with the externalization of European borders and the involvement of third stat…
Cryptocurrencies, Monetary Policy, and New Forms of Monetary Sovereignty
The article aims to bring to light the limits and contradictions of cryptocurrencies, as well as to investigate possible alternative uses of them. Particularly focusing on Bitcoin, understood as a benchmark for the entire sector, the authors seek to answer the following questions: Should Bitcoin be considered a currency, an investment vehicle, or a speculative asset? On which factors does Bitcoin volatility depend? Do Central Banks effectively ha…
Le Relazioni Internazionali Nella Terra Delprincipe
IntroduzioneA distanza di molti anni, è tuttora difficile contestare la famosa affermazione di Stanley Hoffmann secondo la quale le Relazioni Internazionali (Ri) sono una disciplina americana (Hoffmann 1977). Basti notare che larghissima parte degli articoli pubblicati su riviste di Ri americane o europee oggi sul mercato sono scritti da autori americani (Wæver 1998, 696-701), che la storia degli sviluppi teorici della disciplina è raccontata sop…
Between Money and Sovereignty: Is a New Monetary Thinking Needed to Institute the Common
The diffusion of alternative financial and credit circuits, in which the money favours the self-management of social wealth, may curb the expropriation caused by processes of abnormal indebtedness that increasingly characterise economic systems. The article proposes an examination of four experiences with complementary currencies that have sprung up in Europe after the recent crisis, distinguishing between local currencies (Sardex, SoNantes and S…
Europe's “depopul-ageing” bomb
For a long time International Relations did not pay much attention to population studies and it took the end of the Cold War to find new attention to global phenomena even included global demographic trends and their implications. Yet such an attention is still limited in academia and fails to find its place in the pages of many leading reviews of the discipline. This is rather surprising given the relevance of demographic trends on the overall f…
Contemporary Capitalism as a New Monetary Economy of Production: The Logic of Conventions, M&A, and LBOs
The main changes of new capitalism concern mainly two spheres: the new technological paradigm and valorization process and the importance of finance. The main feature of the prevailing finance-led growth regime during the first decade of new millennium is then presented. In this perspective, particular attention is given to the analysis of the evolution and the logic characterizing mergers and acquisitions and leverage buyouts. After describing t…
The European Convention: A Process of Mobilization
It would be wrong to see the European Convention on the Future of Europe as a simple transmission belt between one treaty negotiation and another. In fact, it represented a discontinuity in European Union (EU) patterns of governance. Although one of the main tasks of the Convention was to pave the way for the intergovernmental conference (IGC) opened under the Italian Presidency of the EU on 4 October 2003, one cannot place it in parenthesis and …
Le Relazioni Internazionali Nella Terra Delprincipe
IntroduzioneA distanza di molti anni, è tuttora difficile contestare la famosa affermazione di Stanley Hoffmann secondo la quale le Relazioni Internazionali (Ri) sono una disciplina americana (Hoffmann 1977). Basti notare che larghissima parte degli articoli pubblicati su riviste di Ri americane o europee oggi sul mercato sono scritti da autori americani (Wæver 1998, 696-701), che la storia degli sviluppi teorici della disciplina è raccontata sop…
The European Convention: A Process of Mobilization
It would be wrong to see the European Convention on the Future of Europe as a simple transmission belt between one treaty negotiation and another. In fact, it represented a discontinuity in European Union (EU) patterns of governance. Although one of the main tasks of the Convention was to pave the way for the intergovernmental conference (IGC) opened under the Italian Presidency of the EU on 4 October 2003, one cannot place it in parenthesis and …
Values and Principles in European Union Foreign Policy
This book presents a fresh examination of the values and principles that inform EU foreign policy, exploring the implications of these values and principles on the construction of European Union identity today. The authors show how current debates on European Union foreign policy and on European identity tend to be kept separated, as if the process of identity formation had only an internal dimension or it was not related to the external behaviou…
Values, identity and ideational shocks in the transatlantic rift
Marché du travail, bioéconomie et revenu d'existence
La théorie orthodoxe de l'économie a fait l'erreur de supposer implicitement que le marché du travail pouvait être analysé sur les bases habituelles d'un marché de biens et de services. Le travail n'est pas une marchandise puisque par nature il n'est pas solvable, et qu'il ne le devient qu'à travers la disponibilité au travail qui permet au travailleur de définir une demande solvable. En fonction du rapport entre activité de travail et être humai…
Basic Income and Productivity in Cognitive Capitalism
In this article, basic income (BI) will not be considered as a measure to raise living standards and social well-being. Rather, it will be presented as an indispensable structural policy for achieving a healthier social order governed by a more equitable compromise between capital and labor. Embracing the French Regulation School approach, we maintain that such a compromise is founded on the redistribution of productivity gains. Describing the dy…
Introduction: Italy in the eyes of others
The international role and status of Italy among international powers has been an issue of debate in both the political and the academic context. What has never been systematically investigated is the way in which other powers with which Italy interacts in institutional contexts perceive Italy and its international role. It is the aim of this special issue to provide an overview of how Italy is perceived abroad. This introduction explains why it …
A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production
The monetary theory of production offers a systemic approach to describe systemic crises, but, faced with contemporary capitalism, it needs to be modified. In accordance with the Schumpeterian perspective, we adopt a framework that points to both the monetary nature of and qualitative changes in the capitalist system. The low level of wages, and the consequent underconsumption, is not the unique cause of the 2007-9 crisis. Not only has financiali…
The EU and multilateral security governance
A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production: Some Further Reflections
Badalian and Krivorotov (2012) not only acknowledge the strong link between the crisis of 2007 and the 1990s technological paradigm, but they also accept the complementarity between overinvestment in new technologies and increasing financial liquidity that we highlighted in our article "A Financialized Monetary Economy of Production." They argue that a similar trend seems to have also characterized Great Britain between the end of the nineteenth …
Seen from the Outside: The State of the Art on the External Image of the EU
After years of collective fascination with the idea of the EU as a ‘special’ global actor, some scholars have started to investigate whether such a perception of distinctiveness is shared by people, institutions and intellectuals outside of Europe. Such investigations have already produced some interesting results, but they are still limited in terms of geographical and functional scope of research, and they tend to be under-theorised and to fail…
Winds of democratic change in the Mediterranean? Actors, processes and possible outcomes
Two years after the beginning of the so-called Arab Spring it is still difficult to \nevaluate if and how democracy has taken ground in the Middle East and North \nAfrica (MENA) region. The unfolding of events in Tunisia, Egypt, or Libya tell \ndifferent stories, none of which has a clear conclusion. This aricle reviews the book: Winds of democratic change in the Mediterranean? Actors, processes and possible outcomes, edited by Stefania Panebianc…
Dochód podstawowy a wydajność w kapitalizmie kognitywnym
In this article, basic income (BI) will not be considered as a measure to raise living standards and social well-being. Rather, it will be presented as an indispensable structural policy for achieving a healthier social order governed by a more equitable compromise between capital and labor. Embracing the French Regulation School approach, we maintain that such a compromise is founded on the redistribution of productivity gains. Describing the dy…
Contemporary Capitalism as a New Monetary Economy of Production: The Logic of Conventions, M&A, and LBOs
The main changes of new capitalism concern mainly two spheres: the new technological paradigm and valorization process and the importance of finance. The main feature of the prevailing finance-led growth regime during the first decade of new millennium is then presented. In this perspective, particular attention is given to the analysis of the evolution and the logic characterizing mergers and acquisitions and leverage buyouts. After describing t…
Europe's “depopul-ageing” bomb
For a long time International Relations did not pay much attention to population studies and it took the end of the Cold War to find new attention to global phenomena even included global demographic trends and their implications. Yet such an attention is still limited in academia and fails to find its place in the pages of many leading reviews of the discipline. This is rather surprising given the relevance of demographic trends on the overall f…
Italy and the EU: From True Love to Disenchantment
As a founding member of the European Union, for a long time Italy was one of the foremost supporters of the integration process. For many years no significant change occurred to this unchallenged Europhilia, and a ‘pro-integrationist paradigm’ tended to prevail whenever Italy expressed itself on European governance. Despite there having been no serious breach against a substantial pro-European policy, what has changed since the early 1990s is the…
Mind the gap: IR and the challenge of international politics
The discipline of International Relations (IR) for a long time of its history has developed in the form of Great Debates that involved competing paradigms and schools. More recently, it has been described as a cacophony of voices unable to communicate among themselves, but also incapable to provide keys to understand an ever more complex reality. This collection aims at evaluating the heuristic value of a selection of traditional paradigms (reali…
Finance, Austerity and Commonfare
The links between the crisis of subprime mortgages and the so-called crisis of European sovereign debt are sometimes concealed, so as to create a veritable sense of shared guilt meant to sanction the legitimacy of the austerity policies that have been imposed by virtuous Northern European countries on the undeserving countries of Southern Europe. We will analyse three main aspects of the current crisis: (1) we will interpret the austerity policie…
Quelle souveraineté monétaire
Les grandes difficultés que rencontre aujourd'hui la politique européenne, aussi bien dans ses sommets institutionnels que dans les expériences des mouvements sociaux, sont liées principalement à une incapacité à affronter la crise en posant la nécessité de réformer le système monétaire dans une perspective bottom up . Cela devrait conduire 1) à s'interroger sur le sens de la souveraineté monétaire en Europe et 2) à comprendre ce que signifie « p…
Nato’s demographic paradox
Russia, cyberterrorism, Da’esh are among the most quoted challenges to NATO mentioned in the organizations’ documents, specialized literature and newspaper articles. How about a subtler, less striking but real challenge like demographic change? Demographic trends are increasingly recognized as relevant in understanding international politics and particularly international security, but only seldom taken into consideration when dealing with NATO’s…
Between Money and Sovereignty: Is a New Monetary Thinking Needed to Institute the Common
The diffusion of alternative financial and credit circuits, in which the money favours the self-management of social wealth, may curb the expropriation caused by processes of abnormal indebtedness that increasingly characterise economic systems. The article proposes an examination of four experiences with complementary currencies that have sprung up in Europe after the recent crisis, distinguishing between local currencies (Sardex, SoNantes and S…
Cognitive Capitalism, Welfare and Labour: The Commonfare Hypothesis
This book deals with the transformations of both accumulation process and labour in the transition from a Fordist to a cognitive capitalism paradigm, with specific regard to Western economies. It outlines the advent, after industrial capitalism, of a new phase of the capitalist system in which the value of cognitive labour becomes dominant. In this framework, the central stakes of capital valorisation and forms of property are directly based on t…
Cryptocurrencies, Monetary Policy, and New Forms of Monetary Sovereignty
The article aims to bring to light the limits and contradictions of cryptocurrencies, as well as to investigate possible alternative uses of them. Particularly focusing on Bitcoin, understood as a benchmark for the entire sector, the authors seek to answer the following questions: Should Bitcoin be considered a currency, an investment vehicle, or a speculative asset? On which factors does Bitcoin volatility depend? Do Central Banks effectively ha…
The EU as a securitising agent? Testing the model, advancing the literature
EU actorness even in turbulent times has been re-affirmed by a largely \noverlooked phenomenon – namely, the emergence of the EU as an agent of \ncollective securitisation. The fundamental claim of securitisation theory is that \nthreat emergence and management are shaped by the actions of a securitising \nagent that explicitly links together the social construction of the threat \nwith socially acceptable governance or policy measures. This conc…
Collective Securitisation and Security Governance in the European Union
Political science (27 works) · Law (20 works) · Economics (19 works) · Politics (17 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Law (14 works) · European union (11 works) · European Union Policy and Governance (10 works) · Political economy (10 works) · International trade (9 works)