Tathagatan Ravindran
Biographic Data
| ID | 123876 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Tathagatan Ravindran |
| GIVEN NAMES | Tathagatan |
| FAMILY NAME | Ravindran |
| SIGNATURE | RAVINDRAN T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2479-4776 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 57 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Advancing gender equality in global health: What can we learn from successful gender integration across five UN agencies
The global nature of on-going crises – climate, economic, social, political – and their impact on health means more than ever a response supported via an effective multilateral system is needed. Not only have these crises worsened health inequities but they have also eroded strides advancing gender equality, with detrimental impacts in the health sector and beyond. Despite recent attacks against multilateralism, the United Nations (UN) and its ag…
Language revitalization as a postponed aspiration: Anti-essentialist ethnolinguistic identity among Aymaras in Bolivia
Twenty-first century Bolivia witnessed indigenous resurgence and state promotion of indigenous languages. This article ethnographically examines the impact of these processes on indigenous language revitalization and ethnolinguistic identities in urban spaces. It reveals that language attrition continues because indigenous resurgence occurred at a time when language shift from Aymara to Spanish had already occurred in most households and schools …
A critique of the policy discourse on primary health care under the Aardram mission of Kerala
In 2017, the State of Kerala in India, launched the ‘Aardram’ mission for health. One of the aims of the mission was to enhance the primary health care (PHC) provisioning in the state through the family health centre (FHC) initiative. This was envisaged through a comprehensive PHC approach that prioritized preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative services, and social determinants of health. Given this backdrop, the study aim…
Institutional gender mainstreaming in health in UN Agencies: Promising strategies and ongoing challenges
While the United Nations has long implemented strategies to tackle deep-rooted gender-based inequalities and discrimination in its programmes and policies, there is limited evidence on successful strategies to foster institutional structures and practices that promote gender equality or institutional gender mainstreaming. This paper explores and analyses the experience of institutional gender mainstreaming within UN Agencies working on global hea…
The Power of Phenotype: Toward an Ethnography of Pigmentocracy in Andean Bolivia
Anti-Indigenous racism has predominantly been understood in Latin America through the lens of culture, epistemology, and embodied nonphenotypical traits. Phenotype-based discrimination is an underemphasized aspect of race in the region, especially in spaces with a high Indigenous population. This article ethnographically captures the distinct forms in which Indigenous people are racialized for phenotypical traits in Andean Bolivia, with a special…
Las nuevas derechas: Un desafío para las democracias actuales
Como reza el título de este libro, las nuevas derechas desafían gravemente las democracias actuales. En las páginas que siguen, un grupo de científicos sociales han sido capaces de analizar, a través de estudios de caso muy bien elegidos, algunas de las peligrosas consecuencias del ascenso de la extrema derecha y del (neo)fascismo en todo el mundo y, en el caso que nos ocupa, en América Latina. Solo así puede desenmascararse la falsa ambigüedad c…
When a pandemic intensifies racial terror: The politics of Covid-19 control in Bolivia
Bolivian urban spaces witnessed dramatic racialized power struggles in the context of the ouster of the indigenous President Evo Morales in a coup in November 2019 and the current lockdown of the country due to the coronavirus pandemic. Repression of indigenous protests against the usurpation of power by racist extreme right-wing forces led to massacres, forced disappearances and severe human rights violations. Furthermore, the outbreak of the Co…
Divergent identities: Competing indigenous political currents in 21st-century Bolivia
While Bolivia grabbed global attention at the turn of the new millennium for militant indigenous mobilizations, the second decade of the 21st century witnessed the deepening of conflicts between different indigenous sectors. In addition to provoking heated debates on what it means to be indigenous, this has raised questions on the utility of the concept of indigeneity as it has been understood thus far to analyze the new political dynamics. In re…
What undecidability does: Enduring racism in the context of indigenous resurgence in Bolivia
This article deals with the continuities and changes in the racial dynamics of Andean Bolivia in the context of dramatic transformations the country has witnessed since the beginning of this century. It departs from the idea that Andean racial formations are characterized by a constant alternation between multiple classificatory logics, which introduces ambiguity and undecidability in racial discourses. It argues that it is this undecidability of…
Geographies of Indigenous Identity: Spatial Imaginaries and Racialised Power Struggles in Bolivia
This article examines racial power struggles in Bolivia through a spatial lens. It analyses the process of resistance to the oligarchic elites mounted by indigenous‐popular sectors in Bolivia in the first decade of the 21 st century as well as the subsequent eruption of conflicts between different indigenous sectors, and argues that political conflicts in Bolivia in the 21 st century are, among other things, also conflicts over spatial imaginarie…
From Populist to Institutionalist Politics: Political Cultures of Protest in Contemporary Andean Bolivia
Social movements and acts of protest have played significant roles in charting the path of Bolivian history. Massive waves of protest against neoliberalism led to the overthrow of two presidents from office and culminated in the victory of Evo Morales. The stability of the Morales government stands in stark contrast to the chronic political instability of the neoliberal era. This paper deals with the paradox of the persistence of acts of protest …
Rethinking the Left in the Wake of the Global 'Trumpian' Backlash
Balancing expectations amidst limitations: The dynamics of food decision-making in rural Kerala
The food decision-making process occurred at household level, and within the household, by the preferences of spouse and children, and cost considerations. The socio-economic status of households was identified as limiting their ability to manoeuvre this fine balance. The study has important policy implications in terms of the need to raise public awareness of the strong link between diet and chronic non-communicable diseases
Beyond the Pure and the Authentic: Indigenous modernity in Andean Bolivia
This article explores the various forms in which indigenous practices and worldviews articulate with the modern, leading to the formation of a distinct indigenous modernity. It reveals that the construction of indigeneity in terms of purity and distance from the modern is being challenged by urban Aymaras (indigenous people of the Andean region of South America) who affirm their Aymara identity without enacting purity. This explains why modernizi…
Realising the ICPD 20 years later: Shifting the paradigms for research and education
The extent to which people can enjoy their sexual and reproductive health is invariably intertwined with issues of disadvantage, inequality and human rights. Increased conservatism, lack of political will, outright resistance and the limited incorporation of human rights norms and standards into sexual and reproductive health policies and programmes are central challenges. Building capacity and skills to understand and address the range of issues…
Poverty, food security and universal access to sexual and reproductive health services: A Call for Cross-Movement Advocacy Against Neoliberal Globalisation
Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services is one of the goals of the International Conference on Population and Development of 1994. The Millennium Development Goals were intended above all to end poverty. Universal access to health and health services are among the goals being considered for the post-2015 agenda, replacing or augmenting the MDGs. Yet we are not only far from reaching any of these goals but also appear to have l…
Safe, accessible medical abortion in a rural Tamil Nadu clinic, India, but what about sexual and reproductive rights
Women’s control over their own bodies and reproduction is a fundamental prerequisite to the achievement of sexual and reproductive health and rights. A woman’s ability to terminate an unwanted pregnancy has been seen as the exercise of her reproductive rights. This study reports on interviews with 15 women in rural South India who had a medical abortion. It examines the circumstances under which they chose to have an abortion and their perspectiv…
Design and methodology of a community-based cluster-randomized controlled trial for dietary behaviour change in rural Kerala
BACKGROUND: Interventions targeting lifestyle-related risk factors and non-communicable diseases have contributed to the mainstream knowledge necessary for action. However, there are gaps in how this knowledge can be translated for practical day-to-day use in complex multicultural settings like that in India. Here, we describe the design of the Behavioural Intervention for Diet study, which was developed as a community-based intervention to chang…
Gender mainstreaming in health: Looking back, looking forward
This paper reviews published literature on experiences in mainstreaming gender within the health sector since the 1990s. Although much has been written about the need for mainstreaming gender, and on how to go about it, the gap between intention and practice is palpable. National health policies and programmes that have gender integrally woven into their objectives and activities are rare. Health research to generate gender and sex-specific data,…
Yes" to Abortion but "No" to Sexual Rights: The Paradoxical Reality of Married Women in Rural Tamil Nadu, India
This study in rural Tamil Nadu, India, explored the reasons why many married women in India undergo induced abortions rather than use reversible contraception to space or limit births in terms of women's sexual and reproductive rights within marriage, and in the context of gender relations between couples more generally. It is based on in-depth interviews with two generations of ever-married women, some of whom had had abortions and others who ha…
Understanding Health Sector Reforms and Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Preliminary Framework
To understand the implications of health sector reforms for sexual and reproductive health services, there are three major dimensions to consider. The first two relate to the context in which health sector reforms are introduced: the characteristics of the health system, and that of reproductive and sexual health services located within it. The third dimension has to do with the content and scope of health sector reforms introduced into this cont…
Unmet need for reproductive health in India
Using data from the National Family Health Survey of 1992-93 and the individual reproductive histories of a cross-section of 70 women from rural Tamil Nadu, this paper exposes the limited extent to which women in India have been able to achieve their reproductive intentions and the failure of health services to meet their considerable reproductive health needs. Of the 70 women, 69 had been unable to achieve their reproductive intentions, not only…
Women's health services: Where are they going
Biology and destiny
(1997). Biology and destiny. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 5, The international women's health movement, pp. 21-23
Fundamentalism, women's empowerment and reproductive rights
(1996). Fundamentalism, women's empowerment and reproductive rights. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 4, Fundamentalism and reproductive rights, pp. 7-10
Geographies of Indigenous Identity: Spatial Imaginaries and Racialised Power Struggles in Bolivia
This article examines racial power struggles in Bolivia through a spatial lens. It analyses the process of resistance to the oligarchic elites mounted by indigenous‐popular sectors in Bolivia in the first decade of the 21 st century as well as the subsequent eruption of conflicts between different indigenous sectors, and argues that political conflicts in Bolivia in the 21 st century are, among other things, also conflicts over spatial imaginarie…
The Power of Phenotype: Toward an Ethnography of Pigmentocracy in Andean Bolivia
Anti-Indigenous racism has predominantly been understood in Latin America through the lens of culture, epistemology, and embodied nonphenotypical traits. Phenotype-based discrimination is an underemphasized aspect of race in the region, especially in spaces with a high Indigenous population. This article ethnographically captures the distinct forms in which Indigenous people are racialized for phenotypical traits in Andean Bolivia, with a special…
What undecidability does: Enduring racism in the context of indigenous resurgence in Bolivia
This article deals with the continuities and changes in the racial dynamics of Andean Bolivia in the context of dramatic transformations the country has witnessed since the beginning of this century. It departs from the idea that Andean racial formations are characterized by a constant alternation between multiple classificatory logics, which introduces ambiguity and undecidability in racial discourses. It argues that it is this undecidability of…
Beyond the Pure and the Authentic: Indigenous modernity in Andean Bolivia
This article explores the various forms in which indigenous practices and worldviews articulate with the modern, leading to the formation of a distinct indigenous modernity. It reveals that the construction of indigeneity in terms of purity and distance from the modern is being challenged by urban Aymaras (indigenous people of the Andean region of South America) who affirm their Aymara identity without enacting purity. This explains why modernizi…
Yes" to Abortion but "No" to Sexual Rights: The Paradoxical Reality of Married Women in Rural Tamil Nadu, India
This study in rural Tamil Nadu, India, explored the reasons why many married women in India undergo induced abortions rather than use reversible contraception to space or limit births in terms of women's sexual and reproductive rights within marriage, and in the context of gender relations between couples more generally. It is based on in-depth interviews with two generations of ever-married women, some of whom had had abortions and others who ha…
Women and the politics of population and development in India
The aim of this article is to examine the validity of the assumptions underlying Indias population policy: that population growth has nullified development gains and that the most effective policy option is intensification of state-sponsored population reduction measures. Current population policies are analyzed in terms of their impact on women and found to be deleterious to women and development. Alternatives are proposed for population and dev…
When a pandemic intensifies racial terror: The politics of Covid-19 control in Bolivia
Bolivian urban spaces witnessed dramatic racialized power struggles in the context of the ouster of the indigenous President Evo Morales in a coup in November 2019 and the current lockdown of the country due to the coronavirus pandemic. Repression of indigenous protests against the usurpation of power by racist extreme right-wing forces led to massacres, forced disappearances and severe human rights violations. Furthermore, the outbreak of the Co…
Divergent identities: Competing indigenous political currents in 21st-century Bolivia
While Bolivia grabbed global attention at the turn of the new millennium for militant indigenous mobilizations, the second decade of the 21st century witnessed the deepening of conflicts between different indigenous sectors. In addition to provoking heated debates on what it means to be indigenous, this has raised questions on the utility of the concept of indigeneity as it has been understood thus far to analyze the new political dynamics. In re…
Rethinking the Left in the Wake of the Global 'Trumpian' Backlash
Unmet need for reproductive health in India
Using data from the National Family Health Survey of 1992-93 and the individual reproductive histories of a cross-section of 70 women from rural Tamil Nadu, this paper exposes the limited extent to which women in India have been able to achieve their reproductive intentions and the failure of health services to meet their considerable reproductive health needs. Of the 70 women, 69 had been unable to achieve their reproductive intentions, not only…
Fundamentalism, women's empowerment and reproductive rights
(1996). Fundamentalism, women's empowerment and reproductive rights. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 4, Fundamentalism and reproductive rights, pp. 7-10
Women's health policies: Organising for change
Feminist movements during the 1970s began to demand changes in legislation policies programs and services in many areas affecting womens reproductive health and economic power. Services were established by women to meet womens health needs in many parts of the world. The campaigning and service delivery of that decade led to the conceptualization of womens health and recognition of the need to make health care women-centered and gender-sensitive.…
Contraceptive safety and effectiveness: Re-evaluating women's needs and professional criteria
This essay introduces a series of articles on contraceptive safety and effectiveness and provides an overview discussion of the topic. While everyone agrees that contraceptives should be safe the definition of safety differs when considered from different points of view. Different concepts of safety may occur between policy-makers and scientists during the research phase as evidenced by the recent controversy about research into contraceptive vac…
Language revitalization as a postponed aspiration: Anti-essentialist ethnolinguistic identity among Aymaras in Bolivia
Twenty-first century Bolivia witnessed indigenous resurgence and state promotion of indigenous languages. This article ethnographically examines the impact of these processes on indigenous language revitalization and ethnolinguistic identities in urban spaces. It reveals that language attrition continues because indigenous resurgence occurred at a time when language shift from Aymara to Spanish had already occurred in most households and schools …
Poverty, food security and universal access to sexual and reproductive health services: A Call for Cross-Movement Advocacy Against Neoliberal Globalisation
Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services is one of the goals of the International Conference on Population and Development of 1994. The Millennium Development Goals were intended above all to end poverty. Universal access to health and health services are among the goals being considered for the post-2015 agenda, replacing or augmenting the MDGs. Yet we are not only far from reaching any of these goals but also appear to have l…
Safe, accessible medical abortion in a rural Tamil Nadu clinic, India, but what about sexual and reproductive rights
Women’s control over their own bodies and reproduction is a fundamental prerequisite to the achievement of sexual and reproductive health and rights. A woman’s ability to terminate an unwanted pregnancy has been seen as the exercise of her reproductive rights. This study reports on interviews with 15 women in rural South India who had a medical abortion. It examines the circumstances under which they chose to have an abortion and their perspectiv…
Understanding Health Sector Reforms and Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Preliminary Framework
To understand the implications of health sector reforms for sexual and reproductive health services, there are three major dimensions to consider. The first two relate to the context in which health sector reforms are introduced: the characteristics of the health system, and that of reproductive and sexual health services located within it. The third dimension has to do with the content and scope of health sector reforms introduced into this cont…
Biology and destiny
(1997). Biology and destiny. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 5, The international women's health movement, pp. 21-23
Research on women's health: Some methodological issues
This article is written from the perspective of a health activist engaged in research on women's health. It lays out a methodological framework for studying issues concerning women's health, and goes on to describe a range of tools for collecting qualitative and quantitative information from the field. The article ends with a call for activist involvement in research to generate information that genuinely reflects women's needs and concerns, and …
Women and the politics of population and development in India
The aim of this article is to examine the validity of the assumptions underlying Indias population policy: that population growth has nullified development gains and that the most effective policy option is intensification of state-sponsored population reduction measures. Current population policies are analyzed in terms of their impact on women and found to be deleterious to women and development. Alternatives are proposed for population and dev…
Contraceptive safety and effectiveness: Re-evaluating women's needs and professional criteria
This essay introduces a series of articles on contraceptive safety and effectiveness and provides an overview discussion of the topic. While everyone agrees that contraceptives should be safe the definition of safety differs when considered from different points of view. Different concepts of safety may occur between policy-makers and scientists during the research phase as evidenced by the recent controversy about research into contraceptive vac…
Women's health policies: Organising for change
Feminist movements during the 1970s began to demand changes in legislation policies programs and services in many areas affecting womens reproductive health and economic power. Services were established by women to meet womens health needs in many parts of the world. The campaigning and service delivery of that decade led to the conceptualization of womens health and recognition of the need to make health care women-centered and gender-sensitive.…
Pregnancy birth control, STDs and Aids: Promoting safer sex
(1995). Pregnancy birth control, STDs and AIDS: Promoting safer sex. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 3, Promoting safer sex, pp. 7-11
Fundamentalism, women's empowerment and reproductive rights
(1996). Fundamentalism, women's empowerment and reproductive rights. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 4, Fundamentalism and reproductive rights, pp. 7-10
Biology and destiny
(1997). Biology and destiny. Reproductive Health Matters: Vol. 5, The international women's health movement, pp. 21-23
Women's health services: Where are they going
Unmet need for reproductive health in India
Using data from the National Family Health Survey of 1992-93 and the individual reproductive histories of a cross-section of 70 women from rural Tamil Nadu, this paper exposes the limited extent to which women in India have been able to achieve their reproductive intentions and the failure of health services to meet their considerable reproductive health needs. Of the 70 women, 69 had been unable to achieve their reproductive intentions, not only…
Understanding Health Sector Reforms and Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Preliminary Framework
To understand the implications of health sector reforms for sexual and reproductive health services, there are three major dimensions to consider. The first two relate to the context in which health sector reforms are introduced: the characteristics of the health system, and that of reproductive and sexual health services located within it. The third dimension has to do with the content and scope of health sector reforms introduced into this cont…
Yes" to Abortion but "No" to Sexual Rights: The Paradoxical Reality of Married Women in Rural Tamil Nadu, India
This study in rural Tamil Nadu, India, explored the reasons why many married women in India undergo induced abortions rather than use reversible contraception to space or limit births in terms of women's sexual and reproductive rights within marriage, and in the context of gender relations between couples more generally. It is based on in-depth interviews with two generations of ever-married women, some of whom had had abortions and others who ha…
Gender mainstreaming in health: Looking back, looking forward
This paper reviews published literature on experiences in mainstreaming gender within the health sector since the 1990s. Although much has been written about the need for mainstreaming gender, and on how to go about it, the gap between intention and practice is palpable. National health policies and programmes that have gender integrally woven into their objectives and activities are rare. Health research to generate gender and sex-specific data,…
Design and methodology of a community-based cluster-randomized controlled trial for dietary behaviour change in rural Kerala
BACKGROUND: Interventions targeting lifestyle-related risk factors and non-communicable diseases have contributed to the mainstream knowledge necessary for action. However, there are gaps in how this knowledge can be translated for practical day-to-day use in complex multicultural settings like that in India. Here, we describe the design of the Behavioural Intervention for Diet study, which was developed as a community-based intervention to chang…
Realising the ICPD 20 years later: Shifting the paradigms for research and education
The extent to which people can enjoy their sexual and reproductive health is invariably intertwined with issues of disadvantage, inequality and human rights. Increased conservatism, lack of political will, outright resistance and the limited incorporation of human rights norms and standards into sexual and reproductive health policies and programmes are central challenges. Building capacity and skills to understand and address the range of issues…
Poverty, food security and universal access to sexual and reproductive health services: A Call for Cross-Movement Advocacy Against Neoliberal Globalisation
Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services is one of the goals of the International Conference on Population and Development of 1994. The Millennium Development Goals were intended above all to end poverty. Universal access to health and health services are among the goals being considered for the post-2015 agenda, replacing or augmenting the MDGs. Yet we are not only far from reaching any of these goals but also appear to have l…
Safe, accessible medical abortion in a rural Tamil Nadu clinic, India, but what about sexual and reproductive rights
Women’s control over their own bodies and reproduction is a fundamental prerequisite to the achievement of sexual and reproductive health and rights. A woman’s ability to terminate an unwanted pregnancy has been seen as the exercise of her reproductive rights. This study reports on interviews with 15 women in rural South India who had a medical abortion. It examines the circumstances under which they chose to have an abortion and their perspectiv…
Balancing expectations amidst limitations: The dynamics of food decision-making in rural Kerala
The food decision-making process occurred at household level, and within the household, by the preferences of spouse and children, and cost considerations. The socio-economic status of households was identified as limiting their ability to manoeuvre this fine balance. The study has important policy implications in terms of the need to raise public awareness of the strong link between diet and chronic non-communicable diseases
Beyond the Pure and the Authentic: Indigenous modernity in Andean Bolivia
This article explores the various forms in which indigenous practices and worldviews articulate with the modern, leading to the formation of a distinct indigenous modernity. It reveals that the construction of indigeneity in terms of purity and distance from the modern is being challenged by urban Aymaras (indigenous people of the Andean region of South America) who affirm their Aymara identity without enacting purity. This explains why modernizi…
Rethinking the Left in the Wake of the Global 'Trumpian' Backlash
From Populist to Institutionalist Politics: Political Cultures of Protest in Contemporary Andean Bolivia
Social movements and acts of protest have played significant roles in charting the path of Bolivian history. Massive waves of protest against neoliberalism led to the overthrow of two presidents from office and culminated in the victory of Evo Morales. The stability of the Morales government stands in stark contrast to the chronic political instability of the neoliberal era. This paper deals with the paradox of the persistence of acts of protest …
Geographies of Indigenous Identity: Spatial Imaginaries and Racialised Power Struggles in Bolivia
This article examines racial power struggles in Bolivia through a spatial lens. It analyses the process of resistance to the oligarchic elites mounted by indigenous‐popular sectors in Bolivia in the first decade of the 21 st century as well as the subsequent eruption of conflicts between different indigenous sectors, and argues that political conflicts in Bolivia in the 21 st century are, among other things, also conflicts over spatial imaginarie…
Las nuevas derechas: Un desafío para las democracias actuales
Como reza el título de este libro, las nuevas derechas desafían gravemente las democracias actuales. En las páginas que siguen, un grupo de científicos sociales han sido capaces de analizar, a través de estudios de caso muy bien elegidos, algunas de las peligrosas consecuencias del ascenso de la extrema derecha y del (neo)fascismo en todo el mundo y, en el caso que nos ocupa, en América Latina. Solo así puede desenmascararse la falsa ambigüedad c…
When a pandemic intensifies racial terror: The politics of Covid-19 control in Bolivia
Bolivian urban spaces witnessed dramatic racialized power struggles in the context of the ouster of the indigenous President Evo Morales in a coup in November 2019 and the current lockdown of the country due to the coronavirus pandemic. Repression of indigenous protests against the usurpation of power by racist extreme right-wing forces led to massacres, forced disappearances and severe human rights violations. Furthermore, the outbreak of the Co…
Divergent identities: Competing indigenous political currents in 21st-century Bolivia
While Bolivia grabbed global attention at the turn of the new millennium for militant indigenous mobilizations, the second decade of the 21st century witnessed the deepening of conflicts between different indigenous sectors. In addition to provoking heated debates on what it means to be indigenous, this has raised questions on the utility of the concept of indigeneity as it has been understood thus far to analyze the new political dynamics. In re…
What undecidability does: Enduring racism in the context of indigenous resurgence in Bolivia
This article deals with the continuities and changes in the racial dynamics of Andean Bolivia in the context of dramatic transformations the country has witnessed since the beginning of this century. It departs from the idea that Andean racial formations are characterized by a constant alternation between multiple classificatory logics, which introduces ambiguity and undecidability in racial discourses. It argues that it is this undecidability of…
Political science (22 works) · Sociology (22 works) · Gender Studies (15 works) · Population (15 works) · Law (14 works) · Medicine (11 works) · Reproductive health (11 works) · Economic growth (10 works) · Economics (10 works) · Politics (10 works)