Thomas A Brown
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 124948 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Thomas A Brown |
| PRENOMES | Thomas A |
| SOBRENOME | Brown |
| ASSINATURA | BROWN T A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Manchester |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1006-1099 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 61 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 266 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 61 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1976 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Middle and Late-Holocene coastal environments of far Southeastern Russia as inferred from palynological and diatom data
Existing discontinuous palynological records from coastal and river valley exposures, with varying quality of radiocarbon control, suggested that the regional Holocene climate in southern areas of the Russian Far East was characterized by as many as 10 fluctuations in temperature and/or precipitation. In this study, palynological data from Zerkalnoye Lake, located on the western coast of the Sea of Japan, indicate a gradual decline in temperature…
New scientific evidence for the history and occupants of Tomb I (“Tomb of Persephone”) in the Great Tumulus at Vergina
The Great Tumulus of Vergina (Aegae) is considered to be the royal burial complex of the Macedonian kings. Beneath it four tombs were discovered, labeled Tomb I, II, III and IV. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the identities of the occupants of the “royal tombs”, but without scientific backing. We present new data from Tomb I (“The Tomb of Persephone”), which contained inhumed (unburnt), in situ and commingled adult skeletal remains, as…
Anders Bo Rasmussen. Civil War Settlers
Anders Bo Rasmussen. Civil War Settlers: Scandinavians, Citizenship, and American Empire, 1848–1870 . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2022. Pp. xiii + 359. Prominent historian Alison Clark Efford recently published an overview of cutting-edge scholarship on the relationship between
Civil War Settlers
Prominent historian Alison Clark Efford recently published an overview of cutting-edge scholarship on the relationship between immigration and the upheavals of the Civil War and Reconstruction era that discussed dozens of studies of Irish, German, Chinese, and Latino populations, but cited no work on Scandinavians except Jon Gjerde's books of the 1980s and 1990s (Efford, “Civil War-Era Immigration and the Imperial United States,” Journal of the C…
University of Washington Quaternary Isotope Laboratory Retrospective
The Quaternary Isotope Laboratory (QIL) at the University of Washington was launched in 1969 and directed by Minze Stuiver until his retirement in 1998. Here we review some of the scientific work undertaken in the QIL and the memories of some of Minze’s former students and colleagues
Reliance of deep-sea benthic macrofauna on ice-derived organic matter highlighted by multiple trophic markers during spring in Baffin Bay, Canadian Arctic
Benthic organisms depend primarily on seasonal pulses of organic matter from primary producers. In the Arctic, declines in sea ice due to warming climate could lead to changes in this food supply with as yet unknown effects on benthic trophic dynamics. Benthic consumer diets and food web structure were studied in a seasonally ice-covered region of Baffin Bay during spring 2016 at stations ranging in depth from 199 to 2,111 m. We used a novel comb…
Ancient DNA typing indicates that the “new” glume wheat of early Eurasian agriculture is a cultivated member of the Triticum timopheevii group
Genetic affiliations within a 19th century burial ground at Darwen, Lancashire, UK
Ancient Mycobacterium leprae genomes from the mediaeval sites of Chichester and Raunds in England
Testing Pollen Sorted by Flow Cytometry as the Basis for High-Resolution Lacustrine Chronologies
Documenting leads and lags in terrestrial records of past climate change is critical to understanding the behavior of Earth’s natural climate system and making reliable predictions of future climate conditions. However, uncertainties of several hundred years in age models make it difficult to distinguish synchronicity and feedbacks in paleo archives. In lakes this is often due to the lack of terrestrial macrofossils in climate-sensitive locations…
A Case Study
The Franklin expedition set sail in 1845 in search of the Northwest Passage through the Canadian Arctic. During the first winter in the Arctic, three crewmen died of unknown causes. In the 1980s, Dr. Owen Beattie and his colleagues conducted autopsies, which indicated that all three may have suffered from tuberculosis at the time of death. In the present study, a bone sample from one of these individuals, Private William Braine, was analyzed for …
The kinship of two 12th Dynasty mummies revealed by ancient DNA sequencing
Ritual complexity in a past community revealed by ancient DNA analysis of pre-colonial terracotta items from Northern Ghana
New radiocarbon dates and the herder occupation at Kasteelberg B, South Africa
Complications in the study of ancient tuberculosis
There are many reports of ancient DNA from bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) being present in skeletons with and without osteological indications of tuberculosis. A possible complication in these studies is that extracts might also contain DNA from the microbiome of the individual whose remains are being analysed and/or from environmental bacteria that have colonised the skeleton after death. These contaminants might inclu…
Complications in the study of ancient tuberculosis
The insertion sequence IS6110 is frequently used as a marker for the presence of ancient DNA (aDNA) derived from bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in human archaeological remains. The specificity of polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) directed at IS6110 has, however, been questioned, because identical or similar elements have been identified in ‘mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT)’. These are Mycobacterium species, c…
Recent advances in ancient DNA research and their implications for archaeobotany
Ancient DNA study of the remains of putative infanticide victims from the Yewden Roman villa site at Hambleden, England
Biomolecular identification of ancient Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA in human remains from Britain and continental Europe
Tuberculosis is known to have afflicted humans throughout history and re‐emerged towards the end of the 20th century, to an extent that it was declared a global emergency in 1993. The aim of this study was to apply a rigorous analytical regime to the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) DNA in 77 bone and tooth samples from 70 individuals from Britain and continental Europe, spanning the 1st–19th centuries AD. We performed the w…
DNA evidence for multiple introductions of barley into Europe following dispersed domestications in Western Asia
It has long been recognised that the Neolithic spread across Europe via two separate routes, one along the Mediterranean coasts, the other following the axis of the major rivers. But did these two streams have a common point of origin in south-west Asia, at least with regard to the principal plant and animals species that were involved? This study of barley DNA shows that the domesticated barley grown in Neolithic Europe falls into three separate…
Yeats Annual No. 18
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Biomolecular Archaeology
Ancient biomolecules including DNA, proteins, and lipids are often preserved in archaeological skeletons or artifacts such as potsherds from cooking vessels. Techniques for analyzing these molecules have improved dramatically in recent years, though challenges remain in ensuring that results are authentic and not confused by the presence of contaminating modern biomolecules. Ancient DNA (aDNA) can be used to identify the sex, kinship relationship…
Sex identification of ancient DNA samples using a microfluidic device
Ancient DNA typing shows that a Bronze Age mummy is a composite of different skeletons
Next generation sequencing of DNA in 3300-year-old charred cereal grains
Effects of sample mass and macrofossil type on radiocarbon dating of arctic and boreal lake sediments
Dating lake sediments by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C analysis of terrestrial plant macrofossils overcomes one of the main problems associated with dating bulk sediment samples, i.e., the presence of old organic matter. Even so, many AMS dates from arctic and boreal sites appear to misrepresent the age of the sediment. To understand the nature of these apparent dating anomalies better, we conducted a series of 14C dating experiments us…
Kinship between burials from Grave Circle B at Mycenae revealed by ancient DNA typing
The limits of biomolecular palaeopathology
Deficiencies and challenges in the study of ancient tuberculosis DNA
Latitudinal variation in a photoperiod response gene in European barley
Recent advances in ancient DNA research and their implications for archaeobotany
Ancient DNA typing indicates that the “new” glume wheat of early Eurasian agriculture is a cultivated member of the Triticum timopheevii group
Ancient DNA and the archaeologist
Out of molecular biology - the revolution of past decades in biological science - there now begins to come molecular archaeology, the study of DNA in ancient plants, animals and people to address questions of history as well as biology. Here is set out what molecular archaeology is about, how it works and what it has begun to do
Degradation of DNA in artificially charred wheat seeds
DNA from primitive maize landraces and archaeological remains
Biomolecular Archaeology
Ancient biomolecules including DNA, proteins, and lipids are often preserved in archaeological skeletons or artifacts such as potsherds from cooking vessels. Techniques for analyzing these molecules have improved dramatically in recent years, though challenges remain in ensuring that results are authentic and not confused by the presence of contaminating modern biomolecules. Ancient DNA (aDNA) can be used to identify the sex, kinship relationship…
Next generation sequencing of DNA in 3300-year-old charred cereal grains
Biomolecular archaeology of wheat
The study of ancient biomolecules in preserved wheat remains could provide information on both the initial development of agriculture and its subsequent trajectories and spread in relation to changing human society. We have detected ancient DNA in extracts prepared from charred, waterlogged and mineralized wheat seeds, and have used the polymerase chain reaction to study specific genetic regions of the ancient DNA preserved in Triticum spelta fro…
A simulation of the effect of inbreeding on crop domestication genetics with comments on the integration of archaeobotany and genetics
Ancient DNA study of the remains of putative infanticide victims from the Yewden Roman villa site at Hambleden, England
Ancient DNA in human bones from Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in Greece and Crete
Brief communication
We present a method to distinguish authentic ancient DNA from contaminating DNA in a human bone. This is achieved by taking account of the spatial distribution of the various sequence families within the bone and the extent of degradation of the template DNAs, as revealed by the error content of the sequences. To demonstrate the veracity of the method, we handled two ancient human tibiae in order to contaminate them with modern DNA, and then subj…
Conflicts in the Congo
(1999). Conflicts in the Congo: From Kivu to Kabila. African Security Review: Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 33-42
Testing Pollen Sorted by Flow Cytometry as the Basis for High-Resolution Lacustrine Chronologies
Documenting leads and lags in terrestrial records of past climate change is critical to understanding the behavior of Earth’s natural climate system and making reliable predictions of future climate conditions. However, uncertainties of several hundred years in age models make it difficult to distinguish synchronicity and feedbacks in paleo archives. In lakes this is often due to the lack of terrestrial macrofossils in climate-sensitive locations…
Ancient DNA typing shows that a Bronze Age mummy is a composite of different skeletons
Biomolecular identification of ancient Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA in human remains from Britain and continental Europe
Tuberculosis is known to have afflicted humans throughout history and re‐emerged towards the end of the 20th century, to an extent that it was declared a global emergency in 1993. The aim of this study was to apply a rigorous analytical regime to the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) DNA in 77 bone and tooth samples from 70 individuals from Britain and continental Europe, spanning the 1st–19th centuries AD. We performed the w…
DNA analysis in charred grains of naked wheat from several archaeological sites in Spain
Genetic analysis of wheat landraces enables the location of the first agricultural sites in Italy to be identified
High-Precision AMS 14 C Results on Tiri/Firi Turbidite
Unleached aliquots of TIRI/FIRI turbidite were analyzed by accelerator mass spectronomy (AMS) over a timespan of 18 months. Individual analyses ranged from 18,090–18,245 yr BP with reported errors between 30–50 yr. The weighted average fraction modern (FM) of these 28 measurements is 0.10378 ± 0.00008 (which equates to 18,199 ± 8 yr BP) and the measurements show a 1 standard deviation scatter of 0.00044 (±35 yr). The fractional error of these res…
Complications in the study of ancient tuberculosis
There are many reports of ancient DNA from bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) being present in skeletons with and without osteological indications of tuberculosis. A possible complication in these studies is that extracts might also contain DNA from the microbiome of the individual whose remains are being analysed and/or from environmental bacteria that have colonised the skeleton after death. These contaminants might inclu…
Missile accuracy and strategic lethality
The military potential of civilian nuclear energy
U.S. and Soviet Strategic Force Levels
The problem of measuring the strategic balance has been viewed by some as a meaningless exercise, by others as a matter of comparing simple static indicators, and by still others as a complex process of assessing likely war outcomes. As the strategic power of the Soviet Union has grown, there has been a trend toward the latter view. To assess likely war outcomes, one must go substantially beyond the standard static indicators, such as warhead cou…
The Genres of the Irish Literary Revival
Radiocarbon Dating of Pollen by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Radiocarbon dating of bulk sediments has been the standard method for establishing chronologies in the studies of lake sediment cores which have contributed significantly to our knowledge of late Quaternary paleo-environments. These bulk sediment dates are presumed to be direct ageindicators for the speciments (e.g., pollen or macrofossils) which are actually being studied. However, several recent studies have reinforced long-standing apprehensio…
Ancient DNA and the archaeologist
Out of molecular biology - the revolution of past decades in biological science - there now begins to come molecular archaeology, the study of DNA in ancient plants, animals and people to address questions of history as well as biology. Here is set out what molecular archaeology is about, how it works and what it has begun to do
Biomolecular archaeology of wheat
The study of ancient biomolecules in preserved wheat remains could provide information on both the initial development of agriculture and its subsequent trajectories and spread in relation to changing human society. We have detected ancient DNA in extracts prepared from charred, waterlogged and mineralized wheat seeds, and have used the polymerase chain reaction to study specific genetic regions of the ancient DNA preserved in Triticum spelta fro…
DNA in charred wheat grains from the Iron Age hillfort at Danebury, England
The genetic history of wheat is the story of the world's temperate staple food. Arcahaeologically, charred grains are the common way wheat is preserved. Study of burnt spelt wheat from the British Iron Age shows DNA is present, and begins to shows the wheat's character
DNA in cremated bones from an early bronze age cemetery cairn
The discovery of polymeric DNA in charred wheat grains and other burnt plant remains prompted us to examine a set of cremated bones for the presence of ancient DNA. Extracts of cremated bones from an early Bronze Age cemetery cairn were analysed by hybridization probing and the polymerase chain reaction. Hybridization with two probes targeting human DNA resulted in strong positive signals. Polymerase chain reactions directed at a multicopy sequen…
Celticism
The volume collects papers from a multi-disciplinary workshop, held under the auspices of the European Science Foundation, which examined the idea of Celticism in its European contexts from the eighteenth century to the present. Linguists, historians, cultural theorists and literary critics from a range of European countries addressed for the first time in a sustained way how the idea of Celticism developed and how it affected many aspects of Eur…
Osteology, DNA and Sex Identification
Sex identifications are crucial for the understanding of the societies we study. To understand an ancient society we need to have some picture of the roles played by males and females in the society. This knowledge has often been produced by morphological sex identifications in connection with grave goods and burial finds. However, if a morphological sex identification is to be fully trusted, the human remains need to be fairly well preserved. Th…
Conflicts in the Congo
(1999). Conflicts in the Congo: From Kivu to Kabila. African Security Review: Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 33-42
DNA analysis of bones from Grave Circle B at Mycenae
Following the successful identification of at least two different family groups in Grave Circle B using facial reconstruction ( BSA 90 [1995], 107–36), a pilot project was carried out at Manchester to identify, analyse and match 22 DNA samples from burials in the Grave Circle. The first step was to determine whether ancient DNA has survived, as proved to be the case; the next was to use this information to sex the individual by polymerase chain r…
Digging for pathogens. Ancient emerging diseases
Edited by Charles L. Greenblatt. Rehovot, Israel: Balaban Publishers. 1998. 400 pp. ISBN 0-86689-053-X. $49.00 (paper)
DNA from primitive maize landraces and archaeological remains
Degradation of DNA in artificially charred wheat seeds
Non-random DNA damage resulting from heat treatment
High-Precision AMS 14 C Results on Tiri/Firi Turbidite
Unleached aliquots of TIRI/FIRI turbidite were analyzed by accelerator mass spectronomy (AMS) over a timespan of 18 months. Individual analyses ranged from 18,090–18,245 yr BP with reported errors between 30–50 yr. The weighted average fraction modern (FM) of these 28 measurements is 0.10378 ± 0.00008 (which equates to 18,199 ± 8 yr BP) and the measurements show a 1 standard deviation scatter of 0.00044 (±35 yr). The fractional error of these res…
Archaeogenetics
Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA
Annually laminated sediments (varves) offer an effective means of acquiring high-quality palaeoenvironmental records. However, the strength of a varve chronology can be compromised by a number of factors, such as missing varves, ambiguous laminations and human counting error. We assess the quality of a varve chronology for the last three millennia from Steel Lake, Minnesota, through comparisons with nine AMS 14C dates on terrestrial plant macrofo…
Effects of sample mass and macrofossil type on radiocarbon dating of arctic and boreal lake sediments
Dating lake sediments by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C analysis of terrestrial plant macrofossils overcomes one of the main problems associated with dating bulk sediment samples, i.e., the presence of old organic matter. Even so, many AMS dates from arctic and boreal sites appear to misrepresent the age of the sediment. To understand the nature of these apparent dating anomalies better, we conducted a series of 14C dating experiments us…
The limits of biomolecular palaeopathology
Brief communication
We present a method to distinguish authentic ancient DNA from contaminating DNA in a human bone. This is achieved by taking account of the spatial distribution of the various sequence families within the bone and the extent of degradation of the template DNAs, as revealed by the error content of the sequences. To demonstrate the veracity of the method, we handled two ancient human tibiae in order to contaminate them with modern DNA, and then subj…
Late Quaternary distal tephra-fall deposits in lacustrine sediments, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
Tephra-fall deposits from Cook Inlet volcanoes were detected in sediment cores from Tustumena and Paradox Lakes, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, using magnetic susceptibility and petrography. The ages of tephra layers were estimated using 21 14 C ages on macrofossils. Tephras layers are typically fine, gray ash, 1–5 mm thick, and composed of varying proportions of glass shards, pumice, and glass-coated phenocrysts. Of the two lakes, Paradox Lake contain…
Improved methodology for extraction and amplification of DNA from single grains of charred wheat
Biology (38 obras) · Archaeology (31 obras) · Geography (31 obras) · Ancient DNA (27 obras) · Forensic and Genetic Research (21 obras) · Genetics (21 obras) · History (21 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (17 obras) · Population (17 obras) · Evolutionary biology (16 obras)