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Rosemary J Avery

Biographic Data

ID125116
NAMERosemary J Avery
GIVEN NAMESRosemary J
FAMILY NAMEAvery
SIGNATUREAVERY R J
AFFILIATIONSCornell University
ORCID0000-0002-8012-8463
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS27
TOTAL CITATIONS93
AUTHOR COUNT27
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1992
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX6
  • Contingent Effects of E-Cigarette Warning Label Messages on Cognitive Elaboration and Fear Among U.S. Youth Ages 14–17 by Vaping Experience and Peer Vaping Behavior

    Kwanho Kim, Jeff Niederdeppe et al.•ARTICLE•Health Communication•2025

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) currently requires a warning about the addictive nature of nicotine to be placed on electronic cigarette advertisements and packaging. To consider the value of additional warning messages on public health outcomes, this study examines the additive effect of new warnings that are based on recent claims from U.S. federal authorities. We conducted a secondary analysis of recent data from 1,202 U.S. youth a…

  • Examining Perceptions of Uncertain Language in Potential E-Cigarette Warning Labels

    Amelia Greiner Safi, Motasem Kalaji et al.•ARTICLE•Health Communication•2024

    E-cigarette use among youth presents a public health risk. Yet, cigarette smokers who substantially reduce their smoking or switch completely from traditional combustible cigarettes could benefit. As science about e-cigarettes is continually emerging, any potential warnings are likely to contain uncertain language. Hedged verbiage may impact decision making. To assess reactions, we conducted 16 online focus groups; 8 with youth (n = 32, grouped b…

  • The role of repugnance in markets

    Open Access•John Cawley, Julia C P Eddelbuettel et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Economic Behavior &…•2024•References: 4

  • Managing a policy paradox? Responses to textual warning labels on E-cigarette advertisements among U.S. national samples of youth overall and adults who smoke or vape

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Norman A Porticella et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2023•Cited by: 1

  • Is exposure to pharmaceutical direct-to-consumer advertising for heart disease and diabetes associated with physical activity and dietary behavior

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2023•References: 29

    Many Americans were regularly exposed to pharmaceutical DTCA for heart disease and diabetes from 2003 to 2016. Widespread exposure to such DTCA is associated with higher levels (though small in magnitude) of consuming alcohol, fast food, candy, and sugar-sweetened beverages

  • Campaign Advertising and the Cultivation of Crime Worry

    Open Access•Jiawei Liu, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•The International Journal of…•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 17

    Previous research has documented that political information in the mass media can shape attitudes and behaviors beyond voter choice and election turnout. The current study extends this body of work to examine associations between televised political campaign advertising (one of the most common forms of political communication people encounter) and worry about crime and violence in the context of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. We merge two l…

  • Exposure to televised political campaign advertisements aired in the United States 2015-2016 election cycle and psychological distress

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 28

    There was a consistent positive association between the volume of campaign advertising exposure and a reported diagnosis of anxiety among American adults

  • Testing the effects of certain versus hypothetical language in health risk messages

    Sherri Jean Katz, Byrne et al.•ARTICLE•Communication Monographs•2019•Cited by: 1•References: 1

    This paper tests how the certainty or hypotheticality conveyed through language can be harnessed to enhance the effectiveness of targeted messaging about health risks. We conducted two experiments with adult smokers ( n = 317) and middle school youth ( n = 321) from low-income communities in the context of pictorial cigarette warning labels. We manipulated hypotheticality of risk through verb modality: 1. non-modal (present tense, e.g., smoking c…

  • Testing competing explanations for graphic warning label effects among adult smokers and non-smoking youth

    Open Access•C Skurka, Byrne et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2018•Cited by: 3•References: 39

  • Market-level exposure to state antismoking media campaigns and public support for tobacco control policy in the United States, 2001–2002

    Jeff Niederdeppe, Maxwell Kellogg et al.•ARTICLE•Tobacco Control•2017

    This study shows that that large-scale antismoking media campaigns can have a meaningful secondary impact on support for comprehensive indoor smoking bans. Future research should identify the conditions under which mass media campaigns primarily targeting smoking behaviour may influence public support for a variety of other tobacco control policies

  • Variations in state use of antitobacco message themes predict youth smoking prevalence in the USA, 1999–2005

    Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Tobacco Control•2014

    Youth-targeted state antitobacco PSAs that emphasise the health consequences of smoking (to oneself and others) and contain anti-industry appeals are associated with reduced youth smoking rates. Future work should avoid typologies that do not account for the co-occurrence of thematic and stylistic content in antitobacco PSAs

  • An examination of theory and promising practice for achieving permanency for teens before they age out of foster care

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2010•Cited by: 23•References: 41

  • You're all grown up now

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, Madelyn Freundlich•ARTICLE•Journal of Adolescence•2009

    This article considers the repercussions of discharging youth from foster care at age 18 based on recent research demonstrating that youth at this age are not developmentally prepared to live independently and have a continued need for strong social scaffolding during emerging adulthood. Drawing upon recent research findings, we make recommendations for changes to state and federal policy that provide youth transitioning from foster care an exten…

  • AdoptUsKids national photolisting service

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler et al.•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2009•References: 2

  • Private Profits and Public Health

    Rosemary J Avery, Rosemary Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Political Economy•2007•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    To shed new light on the role private profit incentives play in promoting public health, in this paper we conduct an empirical study of the impact of pharmaceutical industry advertising on smoking cessation decisions. We link survey data on individual smokers with an archive of magazine advertisements. The rich survey data allow us to measure smokers' exposure to smoking cessation advertisements based on their magazine-reading habits. Because we …

  • Preparation of youth in congregate care for independent living

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Child & Family Social Work•2006•Cited by: 11•References: 1

    This paper reports on findings from a qualitative study that focused on the quality and adequacy of preparation of youth in congregate care for independent living. This study, conducted in New York, NY, USA, explored the extent to which youth feel prepared to leave care and the opportunities they are given to participate in planning and decision‐making regarding issues that personally affect their future. Interviews were conducted with profession…

  • The meaning of permanency in child welfare

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2006•Cited by: 13•References: 11

  • Planning for permanency for youth in congregate care

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2005•Cited by: 10•References: 2

  • Gay and Lesbian Youth in Foster Care

    Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social…•2004•Cited by: 13

    Although the number of youth in foster care who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (GLBTQ) is not known, these youth have a range of unique placement and services needs that are often not well addressed. In a qualitative study conducted by Children's Rights and partnering legal organizations in New York City, the experiences of youth in congregate care settings (group and residential treatment centers) were examined, includin…

  • Time dependence and unmeasured heterogeneity in administrative data analysis

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2004

  • Timeliness in the Adoptive Placement of Photolisted Children

    Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler•ARTICLE•Adoption Quarterly•2001•Cited by: 1•References: 3

    This study uses information from the New York State (NYS) Adoption Photolisting Service, the Blue Books, to determine the characteristics of the hardest-to-place children, factors related to timeliness in the adoptive placement of listed children, and the efficacy of photolisting updates in impacting placement probabilities. The data for this study consist of computerized records on all children photolisted in NYS from 1976 to 1997. Results indic…

  • Perceptions and practice

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2000•Cited by: 7•References: 9

  • Information disclosure and openness in adoption

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•1998•Cited by: 3•References: 8

  • Adoption Policy and Special Needs Children

    Karen March, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1998

    Foreword by Peter C. Winkler Preface An Advocate's Perspective by Judith Anderson Racial Aspects of the Move to Adoption by Sherrie A. Kossoudji The Adoption of Older Children by Elizabeth S. Cole Disabled Children and Adoption by Ann Coyne Adoption Disruption by Marianne Berry Adoption Recruitment Meeting the Needs of Waiting Children by Drenda S. Lakin and Linda Whitfield Variations in State Adoption Assistance Laws by Alice Bussiere Federal Fi…

  • Unequal Treatment

    Rosemary J Avery, Rosellina Ferraro•ARTICLE•Adoption Quarterly•1997•Cited by: 1•References: 1

    This paper presents an analysis of New York State's implementation of the adoption subsidy program provided under the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act (P.L. 96-272) of 1980. This law established a mechanism through which federal matching funds could be appropriated to states for subsidies to support the adoption of special needs children. New York is one of four states in the nation in which adoption subsidy rates are set at the local (c…

Next
  • An examination of theory and promising practice for achieving permanency for teens before they age out of foster care

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2010•Cited by: 23•References: 41

  • The meaning of permanency in child welfare

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2006•Cited by: 13•References: 11

  • Gay and Lesbian Youth in Foster Care

    Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social…•2004•Cited by: 13

    Although the number of youth in foster care who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (GLBTQ) is not known, these youth have a range of unique placement and services needs that are often not well addressed. In a qualitative study conducted by Children's Rights and partnering legal organizations in New York City, the experiences of youth in congregate care settings (group and residential treatment centers) were examined, includin…

  • Preparation of youth in congregate care for independent living

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Child & Family Social Work•2006•Cited by: 11•References: 1

    This paper reports on findings from a qualitative study that focused on the quality and adequacy of preparation of youth in congregate care for independent living. This study, conducted in New York, NY, USA, explored the extent to which youth feel prepared to leave care and the opportunities they are given to participate in planning and decision‐making regarding issues that personally affect their future. Interviews were conducted with profession…

  • Planning for permanency for youth in congregate care

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2005•Cited by: 10•References: 2

  • Perceptions and practice

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2000•Cited by: 7•References: 9

  • Testing competing explanations for graphic warning label effects among adult smokers and non-smoking youth

    Open Access•C Skurka, Byrne et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2018•Cited by: 3•References: 39

  • Information disclosure and openness in adoption

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•1998•Cited by: 3•References: 8

  • Private Profits and Public Health

    Rosemary J Avery, Rosemary Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Political Economy•2007•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    To shed new light on the role private profit incentives play in promoting public health, in this paper we conduct an empirical study of the impact of pharmaceutical industry advertising on smoking cessation decisions. We link survey data on individual smokers with an archive of magazine advertisements. The rich survey data allow us to measure smokers' exposure to smoking cessation advertisements based on their magazine-reading habits. Because we …

  • Financial Support of Children Involved in Special Needs Adoption

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, Daniel Mont•ARTICLE•Journal of Policy Analysis and…•1992•Cited by: 2

    Rosemary J. Avery, Daniel Mont, Financial Support of Children Involved in Special Needs Adoption: A Policy Evaluation, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Summer, 1992), pp. 419-441

  • Managing a policy paradox? Responses to textual warning labels on E-cigarette advertisements among U.S. national samples of youth overall and adults who smoke or vape

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Norman A Porticella et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2023•Cited by: 1

  • Campaign Advertising and the Cultivation of Crime Worry

    Open Access•Jiawei Liu, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•The International Journal of…•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 17

    Previous research has documented that political information in the mass media can shape attitudes and behaviors beyond voter choice and election turnout. The current study extends this body of work to examine associations between televised political campaign advertising (one of the most common forms of political communication people encounter) and worry about crime and violence in the context of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. We merge two l…

  • Exposure to televised political campaign advertisements aired in the United States 2015-2016 election cycle and psychological distress

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 28

    There was a consistent positive association between the volume of campaign advertising exposure and a reported diagnosis of anxiety among American adults

  • Testing the effects of certain versus hypothetical language in health risk messages

    Sherri Jean Katz, Byrne et al.•ARTICLE•Communication Monographs•2019•Cited by: 1•References: 1

    This paper tests how the certainty or hypotheticality conveyed through language can be harnessed to enhance the effectiveness of targeted messaging about health risks. We conducted two experiments with adult smokers ( n = 317) and middle school youth ( n = 321) from low-income communities in the context of pictorial cigarette warning labels. We manipulated hypotheticality of risk through verb modality: 1. non-modal (present tense, e.g., smoking c…

  • Timeliness in the Adoptive Placement of Photolisted Children

    Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler•ARTICLE•Adoption Quarterly•2001•Cited by: 1•References: 3

    This study uses information from the New York State (NYS) Adoption Photolisting Service, the Blue Books, to determine the characteristics of the hardest-to-place children, factors related to timeliness in the adoptive placement of listed children, and the efficacy of photolisting updates in impacting placement probabilities. The data for this study consist of computerized records on all children photolisted in NYS from 1976 to 1997. Results indic…

  • Unequal Treatment

    Rosemary J Avery, Rosellina Ferraro•ARTICLE•Adoption Quarterly•1997•Cited by: 1•References: 1

    This paper presents an analysis of New York State's implementation of the adoption subsidy program provided under the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act (P.L. 96-272) of 1980. This law established a mechanism through which federal matching funds could be appropriated to states for subsidies to support the adoption of special needs children. New York is one of four states in the nation in which adoption subsidy rates are set at the local (c…

  • Financial Support of Children Involved in Special Needs Adoption

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, Daniel Mont•ARTICLE•Journal of Policy Analysis and…•1992•Cited by: 2

    Rosemary J. Avery, Daniel Mont, Financial Support of Children Involved in Special Needs Adoption: A Policy Evaluation, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Summer, 1992), pp. 419-441

  • Gendered Spaces

    Rosemary J Avery, Daphne Spain•ARTICLE•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1993

  • Unequal Treatment

    Rosemary J Avery, Rosellina Ferraro•ARTICLE•Adoption Quarterly•1997•Cited by: 1•References: 1

    This paper presents an analysis of New York State's implementation of the adoption subsidy program provided under the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act (P.L. 96-272) of 1980. This law established a mechanism through which federal matching funds could be appropriated to states for subsidies to support the adoption of special needs children. New York is one of four states in the nation in which adoption subsidy rates are set at the local (c…

  • Information disclosure and openness in adoption

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•1998•Cited by: 3•References: 8

  • Adoption Policy and Special Needs Children

    Karen March, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1998

    Foreword by Peter C. Winkler Preface An Advocate's Perspective by Judith Anderson Racial Aspects of the Move to Adoption by Sherrie A. Kossoudji The Adoption of Older Children by Elizabeth S. Cole Disabled Children and Adoption by Ann Coyne Adoption Disruption by Marianne Berry Adoption Recruitment Meeting the Needs of Waiting Children by Drenda S. Lakin and Linda Whitfield Variations in State Adoption Assistance Laws by Alice Bussiere Federal Fi…

  • Perceptions and practice

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2000•Cited by: 7•References: 9

  • Timeliness in the Adoptive Placement of Photolisted Children

    Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler•ARTICLE•Adoption Quarterly•2001•Cited by: 1•References: 3

    This study uses information from the New York State (NYS) Adoption Photolisting Service, the Blue Books, to determine the characteristics of the hardest-to-place children, factors related to timeliness in the adoptive placement of listed children, and the efficacy of photolisting updates in impacting placement probabilities. The data for this study consist of computerized records on all children photolisted in NYS from 1976 to 1997. Results indic…

  • Gay and Lesbian Youth in Foster Care

    Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social…•2004•Cited by: 13

    Although the number of youth in foster care who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (GLBTQ) is not known, these youth have a range of unique placement and services needs that are often not well addressed. In a qualitative study conducted by Children's Rights and partnering legal organizations in New York City, the experiences of youth in congregate care settings (group and residential treatment centers) were examined, includin…

  • Time dependence and unmeasured heterogeneity in administrative data analysis

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2004

  • Planning for permanency for youth in congregate care

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2005•Cited by: 10•References: 2

  • Preparation of youth in congregate care for independent living

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Child & Family Social Work•2006•Cited by: 11•References: 1

    This paper reports on findings from a qualitative study that focused on the quality and adequacy of preparation of youth in congregate care for independent living. This study, conducted in New York, NY, USA, explored the extent to which youth feel prepared to leave care and the opportunities they are given to participate in planning and decision‐making regarding issues that personally affect their future. Interviews were conducted with profession…

  • The meaning of permanency in child welfare

    Open Access•Madelyn Freundlich, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2006•Cited by: 13•References: 11

  • Private Profits and Public Health

    Rosemary J Avery, Rosemary Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Political Economy•2007•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    To shed new light on the role private profit incentives play in promoting public health, in this paper we conduct an empirical study of the impact of pharmaceutical industry advertising on smoking cessation decisions. We link survey data on individual smokers with an archive of magazine advertisements. The rich survey data allow us to measure smokers' exposure to smoking cessation advertisements based on their magazine-reading habits. Because we …

  • You're all grown up now

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, Madelyn Freundlich•ARTICLE•Journal of Adolescence•2009

    This article considers the repercussions of discharging youth from foster care at age 18 based on recent research demonstrating that youth at this age are not developmentally prepared to live independently and have a continued need for strong social scaffolding during emerging adulthood. Drawing upon recent research findings, we make recommendations for changes to state and federal policy that provide youth transitioning from foster care an exten…

  • AdoptUsKids national photolisting service

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery, J S Butler et al.•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2009•References: 2

  • An examination of theory and promising practice for achieving permanency for teens before they age out of foster care

    Open Access•Rosemary J Avery•ARTICLE•Children and Youth Services Review•2010•Cited by: 23•References: 41

  • Variations in state use of antitobacco message themes predict youth smoking prevalence in the USA, 1999–2005

    Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Tobacco Control•2014

    Youth-targeted state antitobacco PSAs that emphasise the health consequences of smoking (to oneself and others) and contain anti-industry appeals are associated with reduced youth smoking rates. Future work should avoid typologies that do not account for the co-occurrence of thematic and stylistic content in antitobacco PSAs

  • Market-level exposure to state antismoking media campaigns and public support for tobacco control policy in the United States, 2001–2002

    Jeff Niederdeppe, Maxwell Kellogg et al.•ARTICLE•Tobacco Control•2017

    This study shows that that large-scale antismoking media campaigns can have a meaningful secondary impact on support for comprehensive indoor smoking bans. Future research should identify the conditions under which mass media campaigns primarily targeting smoking behaviour may influence public support for a variety of other tobacco control policies

  • Testing competing explanations for graphic warning label effects among adult smokers and non-smoking youth

    Open Access•C Skurka, Byrne et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2018•Cited by: 3•References: 39

  • Testing the effects of certain versus hypothetical language in health risk messages

    Sherri Jean Katz, Byrne et al.•ARTICLE•Communication Monographs•2019•Cited by: 1•References: 1

    This paper tests how the certainty or hypotheticality conveyed through language can be harnessed to enhance the effectiveness of targeted messaging about health risks. We conducted two experiments with adult smokers ( n = 317) and middle school youth ( n = 321) from low-income communities in the context of pictorial cigarette warning labels. We manipulated hypotheticality of risk through verb modality: 1. non-modal (present tense, e.g., smoking c…

  • Campaign Advertising and the Cultivation of Crime Worry

    Open Access•Jiawei Liu, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•The International Journal of…•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 17

    Previous research has documented that political information in the mass media can shape attitudes and behaviors beyond voter choice and election turnout. The current study extends this body of work to examine associations between televised political campaign advertising (one of the most common forms of political communication people encounter) and worry about crime and violence in the context of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. We merge two l…

  • Exposure to televised political campaign advertisements aired in the United States 2015-2016 election cycle and psychological distress

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 28

    There was a consistent positive association between the volume of campaign advertising exposure and a reported diagnosis of anxiety among American adults

  • Managing a policy paradox? Responses to textual warning labels on E-cigarette advertisements among U.S. national samples of youth overall and adults who smoke or vape

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Norman A Porticella et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2023•Cited by: 1

  • Is exposure to pharmaceutical direct-to-consumer advertising for heart disease and diabetes associated with physical activity and dietary behavior

    Open Access•Jeff Niederdeppe, Rosemary J Avery et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2023•References: 29

    Many Americans were regularly exposed to pharmaceutical DTCA for heart disease and diabetes from 2003 to 2016. Widespread exposure to such DTCA is associated with higher levels (though small in magnitude) of consuming alcohol, fast food, candy, and sugar-sweetened beverages

  • Examining Perceptions of Uncertain Language in Potential E-Cigarette Warning Labels

    Amelia Greiner Safi, Motasem Kalaji et al.•ARTICLE•Health Communication•2024

    E-cigarette use among youth presents a public health risk. Yet, cigarette smokers who substantially reduce their smoking or switch completely from traditional combustible cigarettes could benefit. As science about e-cigarettes is continually emerging, any potential warnings are likely to contain uncertain language. Hedged verbiage may impact decision making. To assess reactions, we conducted 16 online focus groups; 8 with youth (n = 32, grouped b…

Psychology (20 works) · Medicine (18 works) · Business (13 works) · Child Welfare and Adoption (13 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Political science (12 works) · Nursing (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Advertising (7 works) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (7 works)

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