Julian Stringer
Biographic Data
| ID | 1253906 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Julian Stringer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Julian |
| FAMILY NAME | Stringer |
| SIGNATURE | STRINGER J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Nottingham |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 10 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 9 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 25 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
New Korean Cinema
A wide-ranging analysis of one of the world's most important contemporary film industries Provides new insights into the relations forged between cinema and civil society since the early 1990s Considers innovative and timely areas of concern such as globalization, transnationalism and new media Contains in-depth analyses of key films like Chunhyang , Memento Mori , Peppermint Candy and Take Care of My Cat Includes a glossary of key terms and bibl…
Hollywood on Location: An Industry History
Putting Korean Cinema in Its Place: Genre Classifications and the Contexts of Reception
Remake, Repeat, Revive: Kim Ki-young’s Housemaid Trilogies
Together with Shin Sang-ok and Yu Hyun-mok, Kim Ki-young ("Mr Monster") is one of the most celebrated directors of the 1960s Golden Age of South Korean Cinema. After his peak career achievements of those years as well as the 1970s, Kim kept a low profile during the Korean film industry's decline in the 1980s. However, his fame started to revive at the end of that decade when his later movies were released on VHS and attracted cult attention from …
Genre Films and Festival Communities: Lessons from Nottingham, 19912000
Boat People: Second Thoughts on Text and Context
Some Unexpected Refusals
Having related the reconciliation of Brutus and Cassius, Plutarch informs us that both began to get in touch with their friends. But he really only relates the steps taken by Brutus. According to Plutarch, Brutus received only two notes: both from persons who had had very close ties to Cato and would later die at Philippi in the republican ranks — Statilius and Favonius. Favonius, the fanatical Catonian, said that ‘civil war is worse than illegal…
Prisoner of the Pirates (75–74 bc)
Caesar's ship was seized by the ferocious pirates of Cilicia off the island of Pharmacussa — one of the Sporades to the south of Miletos. The most colourful account of this episode is by Plutarch. It is difficult to imagine that anybody but Caesar himself could be the source of the story. The sardonic self-confidence with which the whole episode is related must come from him. ‘The pirates demanded twenty talents for his ransom’, says Plutarch, ‘a…
The ‘Affairs’ of Mr Julius Caesar and Others
The Lupercalia Drama
The most striking and theatrical incident was provoked by Antony, at the very moment when rumours of an imminent, openly monarchical shift in Caesar's aspirations were being nourished from several sides. Once again suspicion turned to the possible role of Cleopatra as the moving force behind the scenes, especially since she had borne Caesar a son. This led to a persistent rumour that the dictator was about to move his seat permanently to Alexandr…
The Serious Mistake of Dismissing the Escort
Suetonius, who is well informed about reports of warnings reaching Caesar before the conspiracy, wonders whether Caesar actually wanted to die, given that exhaustion had led to physical decline — a question which, he says, has already been explored by others. Suetonius also records the view that Caesar felt safer after the senators had sworn to protect him, and therefore made the mistake — which made possible his murder — of dismissing his bodygu…
The Rise of a Party Leader
Caesar became a senator in 68 bc, finally asserting himself as a leader. From this point he formulated his own policies and commanded attention in ‘high’ politics. Throughout this ‘march’ — in which he and Crassus were often side by side — he never lost sight of Pompey, the real master of Roman politics in those years. In 67 bc he supported the Lex Gabinia, by which Pompey was granted command in the struggle against the pirates. In 66 bc, with Ci…
The Conquest of Gaul (58–51 bc)
When he departed for Gaul in the spring of 58 bc, Caesar had a clear idea of the movements of the peoples and their tensions; in particular, the German pressure on Gaul. He conceived a long-term strategic plan using up-to-date ethnographic knowledge to which he himself contributed with his Commentaries. This is but one example of the way he combined scientific study with imperialism. The Gallic campaign was conducted on two levels: Caesar's own f…
‘Anticato’
With Cato dead at Utica, laudationes of the republican martyr and model Stoic followed one upon another. It was Cicero, with his innate imprudence, who inaugurated the series of posthumous commemorations whose political significance as ‘opposition’ is plain. At the request of Marcus Junius Brutus, Caesar's favourite, but Cato's nephew and admirer, Cicero began writing a Laus Catonis as early as April 46 bc, as soon as the news reached Rome of Cat…
Towards the Crisis
The most dangerous moment for Caesar in the political crisis that erupted in Rome, while he was occupied with the revolt of Vercingetorix, was the designation of Pompey as ‘consul without colleague’ (consul sine college) at the end of February 52 bc. The destructive and uncontrollable street fighting that led to the assassination of Clodius at Bovillae (18 January 52) was diametrically opposed to Caesar's interests. It was not in his interest to …
The First Consulship (59 bc)
Caesar's first act as consul was to enact a law requiring publication of a written record of the Senate's proceedings, as well as the minutes of proceedings in the popular assemblies (the comitia ). The aim was clearly to step up the external pressure on the Senate. Years later, Augustus repealed Caesar's law on the publication of Senate proceedings. Here Caesar was clearly influenced by the Greek democratic tradition, which was firmly wedded to …
‘Where's Antony?’
The Dynamics of the ‘Tyrannicide’
The evening before the assassination, Caesar was among the guests at supper at the house of Marcus Lepidus, his magister equitum, and the discussion turned to the question: what kind of death would be best? While the rather strange conversation lingered on this question, Caesar, when his turn came to speak, said that he would by far prefer a sudden and unexpected death. The conversation on the eve of the assassination is somewhat enigmatic. There…
Striving after Tyranny?
Suetonius rejected all other explanations, including the one ‘frequently repeated’ by Pompey, that Caesar took the path to revolution because he could not complete what he had undertaken; that is, finish the monuments and public works he had begun and satisfy the expectations he had aroused in the people. If Pompey really did say this it is clear that he understood nothing about his adversary's character. In reality, Pompey's remark was far less …
From Syria to Zela
The Alexandrian war enabled Caesar to add an important element to his clientele: Egypt, which for a long time had been feudally subject to Pompey and his associates. Now, however, all his efforts were directed towards the rearrangement of the eastern clientele, disrupted by the death of Pompey. From Syria to Pontus this was Caesar's priority, despite urgent calls for him to return to Rome, and although he knew that Cato was reassembling the remai…
The Wind
A fragment of Livy, most probably from book 116 (a ‘definitive’ portrait of Caesar following the account of his death), raised a question mark over Caesar's entire career. By citing it Seneca introduced a new angle, which has its own profound poetry — an analogy with the wind: ‘As things are, however, it could be said of winds what was commonly said of Julius Caesar, as reported by Titus Livy; it is uncertain whether it was better for the state t…
An Inconvenient Ally: Clodius
Publius Clodius Pulcher who was born into the patriciate but had become a plebeian — with the authority of Caesar as pontifex maximus — with the sole aim of being elected tribune, was the prototypically unprincipled agitator. His case is a striking illustration of the degeneration of the social struggle in the capital of the empire. He had incited mutiny among Lucullus' troops in the East. Then he had appeared as the accuser of Catiline, but late…
Caesar's Senate Speech Rewritten by Sallust
Catiline, undeterred by this defeat in the consular elections of 63 bc, persevered with his preparations for a coup. The Senate responded by granting the consuls Cicero and Antony full power to defend the city and the peninsula. Catiline fled the city on 8 November 63 bc), leaving Lentulus to win over more supporters. Lentulus, Cethegus, and their accomplices were indicted before the Senate and arrested. In the Senate debate that followed, the fi…
In Flight from Sulla: First Experiences of an Aristocratic Youth
The early life of Caesar may be seen as the story of a young man being hunted, but possessed of an indomitable spirit and a fierce determination to defend the honour of the defeated party of the populares. He incurred the enmity of the dictator Sulla, who sought to eliminate the nephew of Gaius Marius. But Caesar was also the scion of one of the most venerable patrician families, the gens Julia, which boasted a mythical descent from Julus, the so…
The Consequences of the Triumvirate: The View of Asinius Pollio
The causal connection between the triumvirate and the civil war is stated in the opening lines of an ode to Asinius Pollio, in which the sometime republican Horace salutes the birth and development of Asinius' work on the civil war. To Horace, many years after the event, the battle of Philippi remained the moment at which ‘Valour's self was beaten down’ (cum fracta virtus). This view, not unlike that of Cremutius, but clearly set in a poem that v…
The Smiths: Repressed (But Remarkably Dressed)
The biographies of most stars work on the misconception that a performer's true, private self can be discretely separated from the meaning of their public image. Whether it is a serious study of a major artist or a trashy exposé of a behind-the-scenes scandal, the organisational logic is usually the same: the writer assumes that since a media image is a false representation of an actual person, digging deep into the background and lifestyle of an…
Two Japanese Variants of the Absolute Transvestite Film
This essay compares two Japanese transvestite films from different generations-Black Lizard of 1968 and Summer Vacation 1999 of 1988. While Western transvestite conventions are usually exploited only to climactically reinforce heterosexual coupling, what binds these two films is their divergent tradition of what I call "permanent transvestism." That is, the films employ a cross-dressing which occurs extra-diegetically, is unnecessary to the plot,…
The Smiths: Repressed (But Remarkably Dressed)
The biographies of most stars work on the misconception that a performer's true, private self can be discretely separated from the meaning of their public image. Whether it is a serious study of a major artist or a trashy exposé of a behind-the-scenes scandal, the organisational logic is usually the same: the writer assumes that since a media image is a false representation of an actual person, digging deep into the background and lifestyle of an…
Two Japanese Variants of the Absolute Transvestite Film
This essay compares two Japanese transvestite films from different generations-Black Lizard of 1968 and Summer Vacation 1999 of 1988. While Western transvestite conventions are usually exploited only to climactically reinforce heterosexual coupling, what binds these two films is their divergent tradition of what I call "permanent transvestism." That is, the films employ a cross-dressing which occurs extra-diegetically, is unnecessary to the plot,…
Global Cities and the International Film Festival Economy
Some Unexpected Refusals
Having related the reconciliation of Brutus and Cassius, Plutarch informs us that both began to get in touch with their friends. But he really only relates the steps taken by Brutus. According to Plutarch, Brutus received only two notes: both from persons who had had very close ties to Cato and would later die at Philippi in the republican ranks — Statilius and Favonius. Favonius, the fanatical Catonian, said that ‘civil war is worse than illegal…
Prisoner of the Pirates (75–74 bc)
Caesar's ship was seized by the ferocious pirates of Cilicia off the island of Pharmacussa — one of the Sporades to the south of Miletos. The most colourful account of this episode is by Plutarch. It is difficult to imagine that anybody but Caesar himself could be the source of the story. The sardonic self-confidence with which the whole episode is related must come from him. ‘The pirates demanded twenty talents for his ransom’, says Plutarch, ‘a…
The ‘Affairs’ of Mr Julius Caesar and Others
The Lupercalia Drama
The most striking and theatrical incident was provoked by Antony, at the very moment when rumours of an imminent, openly monarchical shift in Caesar's aspirations were being nourished from several sides. Once again suspicion turned to the possible role of Cleopatra as the moving force behind the scenes, especially since she had borne Caesar a son. This led to a persistent rumour that the dictator was about to move his seat permanently to Alexandr…
The Serious Mistake of Dismissing the Escort
Suetonius, who is well informed about reports of warnings reaching Caesar before the conspiracy, wonders whether Caesar actually wanted to die, given that exhaustion had led to physical decline — a question which, he says, has already been explored by others. Suetonius also records the view that Caesar felt safer after the senators had sworn to protect him, and therefore made the mistake — which made possible his murder — of dismissing his bodygu…
The Rise of a Party Leader
Caesar became a senator in 68 bc, finally asserting himself as a leader. From this point he formulated his own policies and commanded attention in ‘high’ politics. Throughout this ‘march’ — in which he and Crassus were often side by side — he never lost sight of Pompey, the real master of Roman politics in those years. In 67 bc he supported the Lex Gabinia, by which Pompey was granted command in the struggle against the pirates. In 66 bc, with Ci…
The Conquest of Gaul (58–51 bc)
When he departed for Gaul in the spring of 58 bc, Caesar had a clear idea of the movements of the peoples and their tensions; in particular, the German pressure on Gaul. He conceived a long-term strategic plan using up-to-date ethnographic knowledge to which he himself contributed with his Commentaries. This is but one example of the way he combined scientific study with imperialism. The Gallic campaign was conducted on two levels: Caesar's own f…
‘Anticato’
With Cato dead at Utica, laudationes of the republican martyr and model Stoic followed one upon another. It was Cicero, with his innate imprudence, who inaugurated the series of posthumous commemorations whose political significance as ‘opposition’ is plain. At the request of Marcus Junius Brutus, Caesar's favourite, but Cato's nephew and admirer, Cicero began writing a Laus Catonis as early as April 46 bc, as soon as the news reached Rome of Cat…
Towards the Crisis
The most dangerous moment for Caesar in the political crisis that erupted in Rome, while he was occupied with the revolt of Vercingetorix, was the designation of Pompey as ‘consul without colleague’ (consul sine college) at the end of February 52 bc. The destructive and uncontrollable street fighting that led to the assassination of Clodius at Bovillae (18 January 52) was diametrically opposed to Caesar's interests. It was not in his interest to …
The First Consulship (59 bc)
Caesar's first act as consul was to enact a law requiring publication of a written record of the Senate's proceedings, as well as the minutes of proceedings in the popular assemblies (the comitia ). The aim was clearly to step up the external pressure on the Senate. Years later, Augustus repealed Caesar's law on the publication of Senate proceedings. Here Caesar was clearly influenced by the Greek democratic tradition, which was firmly wedded to …
‘Where's Antony?’
The Dynamics of the ‘Tyrannicide’
The evening before the assassination, Caesar was among the guests at supper at the house of Marcus Lepidus, his magister equitum, and the discussion turned to the question: what kind of death would be best? While the rather strange conversation lingered on this question, Caesar, when his turn came to speak, said that he would by far prefer a sudden and unexpected death. The conversation on the eve of the assassination is somewhat enigmatic. There…
Striving after Tyranny?
Suetonius rejected all other explanations, including the one ‘frequently repeated’ by Pompey, that Caesar took the path to revolution because he could not complete what he had undertaken; that is, finish the monuments and public works he had begun and satisfy the expectations he had aroused in the people. If Pompey really did say this it is clear that he understood nothing about his adversary's character. In reality, Pompey's remark was far less …
From Syria to Zela
The Alexandrian war enabled Caesar to add an important element to his clientele: Egypt, which for a long time had been feudally subject to Pompey and his associates. Now, however, all his efforts were directed towards the rearrangement of the eastern clientele, disrupted by the death of Pompey. From Syria to Pontus this was Caesar's priority, despite urgent calls for him to return to Rome, and although he knew that Cato was reassembling the remai…
The Wind
A fragment of Livy, most probably from book 116 (a ‘definitive’ portrait of Caesar following the account of his death), raised a question mark over Caesar's entire career. By citing it Seneca introduced a new angle, which has its own profound poetry — an analogy with the wind: ‘As things are, however, it could be said of winds what was commonly said of Julius Caesar, as reported by Titus Livy; it is uncertain whether it was better for the state t…
An Inconvenient Ally: Clodius
Publius Clodius Pulcher who was born into the patriciate but had become a plebeian — with the authority of Caesar as pontifex maximus — with the sole aim of being elected tribune, was the prototypically unprincipled agitator. His case is a striking illustration of the degeneration of the social struggle in the capital of the empire. He had incited mutiny among Lucullus' troops in the East. Then he had appeared as the accuser of Catiline, but late…
Caesar's Senate Speech Rewritten by Sallust
Catiline, undeterred by this defeat in the consular elections of 63 bc, persevered with his preparations for a coup. The Senate responded by granting the consuls Cicero and Antony full power to defend the city and the peninsula. Catiline fled the city on 8 November 63 bc), leaving Lentulus to win over more supporters. Lentulus, Cethegus, and their accomplices were indicted before the Senate and arrested. In the Senate debate that followed, the fi…
In Flight from Sulla: First Experiences of an Aristocratic Youth
The early life of Caesar may be seen as the story of a young man being hunted, but possessed of an indomitable spirit and a fierce determination to defend the honour of the defeated party of the populares. He incurred the enmity of the dictator Sulla, who sought to eliminate the nephew of Gaius Marius. But Caesar was also the scion of one of the most venerable patrician families, the gens Julia, which boasted a mythical descent from Julus, the so…
The Consequences of the Triumvirate: The View of Asinius Pollio
The causal connection between the triumvirate and the civil war is stated in the opening lines of an ode to Asinius Pollio, in which the sometime republican Horace salutes the birth and development of Asinius' work on the civil war. To Horace, many years after the event, the battle of Philippi remained the moment at which ‘Valour's self was beaten down’ (cum fracta virtus). This view, not unlike that of Cremutius, but clearly set in a poem that v…
Alexandria
When Caesar reached Alexandria on 2 October 48 bc, he certainly did not expect to be greeted by the embalmed head of Pompey, but even less did he expect to be bogged down for all of nine months in a local conflict that almost cost him his life, until 28 June 47 bc, when he finally sailed from Alexandria for Syria. Suetonius writes that in that lengthy period Caesar found himself fighting a war in truth of great difficulty, convenient neither in t…
The Hetairia of Cassius and the Recruitment of Brutus
There is a tradition that pays particular attention to the role of Cassius in the events leading to Caesar's murder. It emerges here and there in the sources and may well provide a valuable element of information. The clearest text is also the most interesting: Plutarch's account of the coup at the beginning of his Life of Brutus, which uses sources very close to the events and the protagonist. Describing the beginning of the conspiracy, Plutarch…
Semiramis in Gaul
The process of granting to Caesar the provinces of Gaul and Illyricum was not without its difficulties. The Senate's original decision, taken before Caesar had been elected, had to be annulled and a new allocation made in its place. The long-drawn-out debate in the senate is recorded with a wealth of detail. Suetonius reports heated verbal clashes. Caesar is alleged to have stated with satisfaction, during a session or on the fringes of one, with…
Classical Antiquity Studies (24 works) · History (22 works) · Art (20 works) · Political science (18 works) · Law (17 works) · Philosophy (12 works) · Sociology (9 works) · Ancient history (8 works) · Politics (8 works) · Classics (7 works)