Sarah E Zemore
Biographic Data
| ID | 125647 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sarah E Zemore |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sarah E |
| FAMILY NAME | Zemore |
| SIGNATURE | ZEMORE S E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Alcohol Research Group |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3437-3169 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 77 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Second-wave mutual-help groups: Examining effectiveness for individuals with alcohol use disorders in the longitudinal, U.S. national PAL Study cohorts
Pathways to Peer Support in Sober Living Houses: The Importance of Social Model Environments and Helping Behaviors
Sober living houses (SLHs) provide abstinence-based living environments for individuals in recovery from substance use disorders. The social model approach to recovery that is used emphasizes helping in recovery. Here, we test whether greater social model activity is related to more helping in the house, and whether these helping behaviors subsequently predict stronger support among SLH peers. Longitudinal data were collected from N = 205 SLH res…
A roadmap for maximizing the use and effectiveness of recovery housing for individuals prescribed medications for opiate use disorders
Introduction: Safe and stable housing is increasingly recognized as critical to recovery from alcohol and drug use disorders, but research on the outcomes of residents in recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly those prescribed medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), is limited. Methods: = 15) and discussion with experts in the recovery housing and OUD treatment fields serving as Advisory Board members on the Infrastructure for …
Giving and receiving help in three contexts as predictors of alcohol outcomes in a longitudinal study of sober living house residents
Although peer support is central to the social model approach emphasized in sober living houses (SLHs), no longitudinal studies have examined helping among SLH residents. This longitudinal study examined benefits of helping in three contexts among SLH residents. Data were from 205 participants entering 28 SLHs across 2021–2023. Interviews were at baseline and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months; focal variables were assessed at all interviews using a past‐30‐d…
Understanding the social and community support experiences of sexual and gender minority individuals in 12-Step programs
Sexual and gender minority individuals ( e.g., gay, bisexual, non-binary, transgender; SGMI) are 2-6 times as likely as cisgender heterosexual individuals to experience alcohol or other substance use disorders. SGMI participate in 12-Step groups, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), at high rates. Though social support is an established mechanism through which 12-Step programs support reductions in substance use, little is known about SGMI's experi…
Black-White differences in barriers to specialty alcohol and drug treatment: Findings from a qualitative study
The objective of this study was to explore, in-depth, differences in barriers to specialty alcohol and drug treatment services between Black and White participants with recent substance use disorders (SUD). We recruited 34 participants with a recent SUD of White and Black racial/ethnic descent for qualitative interviews. Interviews were coded to identify barriers to specialty treatment. We found that barriers related to stigma and lack of social …
Women’s Barriers to Specialty Substance Abuse Treatment: A Qualitative Exploration of Racial/Ethnic Differences
Understanding differences in prescription drug misuse between two Texas border communities
Objectives: The misuse of prescription drugs in the U.S. is an alarming public health crisis. Prior research at the U.S.-Mexico border has found high rates of prescription drug misuse, but with rates varying significantly across border communities. We aimed to examine a model of permissive climate measures and stress exposures as potential mediators of community differences in prescription drug misuse at the U.S.-Mexico border. Design: We analyze…
Racial/ethnic differences in life-course heavy drinking from adolescence to midlife
Information on heavy drinking over the life course might help to explain racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol-related problems, morbidity, and mortality. Using data from the 2009-2010 U.S. National Alcohol Survey (n = 3,026), we analyzed retrospective decades-based measures of heavy drinking during respondents' teens, 20s, 30s, and 40s. Results indicate that Latino men and African American women have greater risk for persistent-high (vs. declinin…
Prevalence and correlates of arrests or stops for drunk driving on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border
Risk for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) may be higher in U.S. and Mexico border cities as compared to nonborder cities in each country. We examine rates and correlates of self-reported DUI arrests or stops on both sides of the border, drawing on a large-scale survey of 4,796 Mexicans and Mexican Americans in border and nonborder cities of Texas and two states in Mexico. Findings varied by site and country and did not consistently sh…
Hazardous Drinking and Exposure to Interpersonal and Community Violence on Both Sides of the U.S.-Mexico Border
Different patterns of heavy drinking occur by country and proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border. Few studies describe the impact of violence on drinking between countries and along the border. Survey data is from U.S.-Mexican-origin adults living in Texas and Mexican border and nonborder cities, N = 4,796. Participants were asked about alcohol consumption, interpersonal physical violence (IPV), and exposure to community violence. Monthly hazardous …
Wanting and Getting Help for Substance Problems on Both Sides of the US-Mexico Border
Job loss and alcohol dependence among Blacks and Whites in a National Longitudinal Survey
We used the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to test whether the association between job loss and incidence of alcohol dependence differed across Blacks and Whites. Respondents were interviewed annually from 1979 to 1994; DSM-IV dependence was assessed in 1989 and 1994. Analyses included only those employed in 1989 and involved lagged logistic regressions predicting past-year dependence in 1994 from job loss during 1990-1993. Unexpected…
Discrimination and drinking: A systematic review of the evidence
Substance Use and Cumulative Exposure to American Society: Findings From Both Sides of the US–Mexico Border Region
Objectives. We investigated whether Mexican immigration to the United States exerts transnational effects on substance use in Mexico and the United States. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional survey of 2336 Mexican Americans and 2460 Mexicans in 3 Texas border metropolitan areas and their sister cities in Mexico (the US–Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions, 2011–2013). We collected prevalence and risk factors for alcohol and drug us…
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alcohol-Related Problems: Differences by Gender and Level of Heavy Drinking
BACKGROUND: While prior studies have reported racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol-related problems at a given level of heavy drinking (HD), particularly lower levels, it is unclear whether these occur in both genders and are an artifact of racial/ethnic differences in drink alcohol content. Such information is important to understanding disparities and developing specific, targeted interventions. This study addresses these questions and examines…
Housing Instability and Alcohol Problems during the 2007–2009 US Recession: The Moderating Role of Perceived Family Support
Social Adversity, Stress, and Alcohol Problems: Are Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Poor More Vulnerable
Contrary to some prior studies, these findings suggest that racial disparities in alcohol problems may be more a function of racial/ethnic minorities' greater exposure, rather than vulnerability, to chronic stressors such as social adversity. However, observed differences between the poor and non-poor imply that differential vulnerability contributes to socioeconomic disparities in alcohol problems. Efforts to reduce both differential exposure an…
Racial Prejudice and Unfair Treatment: Interactive Effects With Poverty and Foreign Nativity on Problem Drinking
Although findings were somewhat mixed, the pattern of results tentatively supports the hypothesis that associations between problem drinking and both prejudice and unfair treatment can be exacerbated given the presence of other stressors, particularly among Latinos. Results extend the literature on the health consequences of prejudice and discrimination, highlighting important effects of cumulative adversity and suggesting a need to focus particu…
Disparities in Alcohol‐Related Problems Among White, Black, and Hispanic Americans
Background: This study assesses racial/ethnic disparities in negative social consequences of drinking and alcohol dependence symptoms among white, black, and Hispanic Americans. We examine whether and how disparities relate to heavy alcohol consumption and pattern, and the extent to which social disadvantage (poverty, unfair treatment, and racial/ethnic stigma) accounts for observed disparities. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2005 U.S. Nation…
Social Disadvantage, Stress, and Alcohol Use Among Black, Hispanic, and White Americans: Findings From the 2005 U.S. National Alcohol Survey
These results are consistent with other studies of stress and adverse health consequences associated with social disadvantage. Although there is a clear disparity in exposure to such hardship, experiences of disadvantage appear to have similar effects on problem drinking among both racial/ethnic minorities and whites. Future research should attempt to assess causal directions in the relationships among social and economic hardship, stress, and al…
Gender‐related personality traits and interpersonal resource exchange among brother—sister relationships
Brother‐sister relationships are understudied within the field of personal relationships. Accordingly, the present study examines patterns of interpersonal resource exchange (drawing upon resource exchange theory; Foa & Foa, 1974), along with influences of gender‐related personality traits (i.e., agency and communion) on individuals’giving of interpersonal resources (i.e., affection and respect), among 79 brother‐sister pairs. Consistent with pre…
Social Disadvantage, Stress, and Alcohol Use Among Black, Hispanic, and White Americans: Findings From the 2005 U.S. National Alcohol Survey
These results are consistent with other studies of stress and adverse health consequences associated with social disadvantage. Although there is a clear disparity in exposure to such hardship, experiences of disadvantage appear to have similar effects on problem drinking among both racial/ethnic minorities and whites. Future research should attempt to assess causal directions in the relationships among social and economic hardship, stress, and al…
Racial Prejudice and Unfair Treatment: Interactive Effects With Poverty and Foreign Nativity on Problem Drinking
Although findings were somewhat mixed, the pattern of results tentatively supports the hypothesis that associations between problem drinking and both prejudice and unfair treatment can be exacerbated given the presence of other stressors, particularly among Latinos. Results extend the literature on the health consequences of prejudice and discrimination, highlighting important effects of cumulative adversity and suggesting a need to focus particu…
Social Adversity, Stress, and Alcohol Problems: Are Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Poor More Vulnerable
Contrary to some prior studies, these findings suggest that racial disparities in alcohol problems may be more a function of racial/ethnic minorities' greater exposure, rather than vulnerability, to chronic stressors such as social adversity. However, observed differences between the poor and non-poor imply that differential vulnerability contributes to socioeconomic disparities in alcohol problems. Efforts to reduce both differential exposure an…
Housing Instability and Alcohol Problems during the 2007–2009 US Recession: The Moderating Role of Perceived Family Support
Substance Use and Cumulative Exposure to American Society: Findings From Both Sides of the US–Mexico Border Region
Objectives. We investigated whether Mexican immigration to the United States exerts transnational effects on substance use in Mexico and the United States. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional survey of 2336 Mexican Americans and 2460 Mexicans in 3 Texas border metropolitan areas and their sister cities in Mexico (the US–Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions, 2011–2013). We collected prevalence and risk factors for alcohol and drug us…
Understanding the social and community support experiences of sexual and gender minority individuals in 12-Step programs
Sexual and gender minority individuals ( e.g., gay, bisexual, non-binary, transgender; SGMI) are 2-6 times as likely as cisgender heterosexual individuals to experience alcohol or other substance use disorders. SGMI participate in 12-Step groups, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), at high rates. Though social support is an established mechanism through which 12-Step programs support reductions in substance use, little is known about SGMI's experi…
Hazardous Drinking and Exposure to Interpersonal and Community Violence on Both Sides of the U.S.-Mexico Border
Different patterns of heavy drinking occur by country and proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border. Few studies describe the impact of violence on drinking between countries and along the border. Survey data is from U.S.-Mexican-origin adults living in Texas and Mexican border and nonborder cities, N = 4,796. Participants were asked about alcohol consumption, interpersonal physical violence (IPV), and exposure to community violence. Monthly hazardous …
Gender‐related personality traits and interpersonal resource exchange among brother—sister relationships
Brother‐sister relationships are understudied within the field of personal relationships. Accordingly, the present study examines patterns of interpersonal resource exchange (drawing upon resource exchange theory; Foa & Foa, 1974), along with influences of gender‐related personality traits (i.e., agency and communion) on individuals’giving of interpersonal resources (i.e., affection and respect), among 79 brother‐sister pairs. Consistent with pre…
Social Disadvantage, Stress, and Alcohol Use Among Black, Hispanic, and White Americans: Findings From the 2005 U.S. National Alcohol Survey
These results are consistent with other studies of stress and adverse health consequences associated with social disadvantage. Although there is a clear disparity in exposure to such hardship, experiences of disadvantage appear to have similar effects on problem drinking among both racial/ethnic minorities and whites. Future research should attempt to assess causal directions in the relationships among social and economic hardship, stress, and al…
Disparities in Alcohol‐Related Problems Among White, Black, and Hispanic Americans
Background: This study assesses racial/ethnic disparities in negative social consequences of drinking and alcohol dependence symptoms among white, black, and Hispanic Americans. We examine whether and how disparities relate to heavy alcohol consumption and pattern, and the extent to which social disadvantage (poverty, unfair treatment, and racial/ethnic stigma) accounts for observed disparities. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2005 U.S. Nation…
Racial Prejudice and Unfair Treatment: Interactive Effects With Poverty and Foreign Nativity on Problem Drinking
Although findings were somewhat mixed, the pattern of results tentatively supports the hypothesis that associations between problem drinking and both prejudice and unfair treatment can be exacerbated given the presence of other stressors, particularly among Latinos. Results extend the literature on the health consequences of prejudice and discrimination, highlighting important effects of cumulative adversity and suggesting a need to focus particu…
Social Adversity, Stress, and Alcohol Problems: Are Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Poor More Vulnerable
Contrary to some prior studies, these findings suggest that racial disparities in alcohol problems may be more a function of racial/ethnic minorities' greater exposure, rather than vulnerability, to chronic stressors such as social adversity. However, observed differences between the poor and non-poor imply that differential vulnerability contributes to socioeconomic disparities in alcohol problems. Efforts to reduce both differential exposure an…
Housing Instability and Alcohol Problems during the 2007–2009 US Recession: The Moderating Role of Perceived Family Support
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alcohol-Related Problems: Differences by Gender and Level of Heavy Drinking
BACKGROUND: While prior studies have reported racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol-related problems at a given level of heavy drinking (HD), particularly lower levels, it is unclear whether these occur in both genders and are an artifact of racial/ethnic differences in drink alcohol content. Such information is important to understanding disparities and developing specific, targeted interventions. This study addresses these questions and examines…
Wanting and Getting Help for Substance Problems on Both Sides of the US-Mexico Border
Job loss and alcohol dependence among Blacks and Whites in a National Longitudinal Survey
We used the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to test whether the association between job loss and incidence of alcohol dependence differed across Blacks and Whites. Respondents were interviewed annually from 1979 to 1994; DSM-IV dependence was assessed in 1989 and 1994. Analyses included only those employed in 1989 and involved lagged logistic regressions predicting past-year dependence in 1994 from job loss during 1990-1993. Unexpected…
Discrimination and drinking: A systematic review of the evidence
Substance Use and Cumulative Exposure to American Society: Findings From Both Sides of the US–Mexico Border Region
Objectives. We investigated whether Mexican immigration to the United States exerts transnational effects on substance use in Mexico and the United States. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional survey of 2336 Mexican Americans and 2460 Mexicans in 3 Texas border metropolitan areas and their sister cities in Mexico (the US–Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions, 2011–2013). We collected prevalence and risk factors for alcohol and drug us…
Racial/ethnic differences in life-course heavy drinking from adolescence to midlife
Information on heavy drinking over the life course might help to explain racial/ethnic disparities in alcohol-related problems, morbidity, and mortality. Using data from the 2009-2010 U.S. National Alcohol Survey (n = 3,026), we analyzed retrospective decades-based measures of heavy drinking during respondents' teens, 20s, 30s, and 40s. Results indicate that Latino men and African American women have greater risk for persistent-high (vs. declinin…
Prevalence and correlates of arrests or stops for drunk driving on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border
Risk for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) may be higher in U.S. and Mexico border cities as compared to nonborder cities in each country. We examine rates and correlates of self-reported DUI arrests or stops on both sides of the border, drawing on a large-scale survey of 4,796 Mexicans and Mexican Americans in border and nonborder cities of Texas and two states in Mexico. Findings varied by site and country and did not consistently sh…
Hazardous Drinking and Exposure to Interpersonal and Community Violence on Both Sides of the U.S.-Mexico Border
Different patterns of heavy drinking occur by country and proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border. Few studies describe the impact of violence on drinking between countries and along the border. Survey data is from U.S.-Mexican-origin adults living in Texas and Mexican border and nonborder cities, N = 4,796. Participants were asked about alcohol consumption, interpersonal physical violence (IPV), and exposure to community violence. Monthly hazardous …
Women’s Barriers to Specialty Substance Abuse Treatment: A Qualitative Exploration of Racial/Ethnic Differences
Understanding differences in prescription drug misuse between two Texas border communities
Objectives: The misuse of prescription drugs in the U.S. is an alarming public health crisis. Prior research at the U.S.-Mexico border has found high rates of prescription drug misuse, but with rates varying significantly across border communities. We aimed to examine a model of permissive climate measures and stress exposures as potential mediators of community differences in prescription drug misuse at the U.S.-Mexico border. Design: We analyze…
Black-White differences in barriers to specialty alcohol and drug treatment: Findings from a qualitative study
The objective of this study was to explore, in-depth, differences in barriers to specialty alcohol and drug treatment services between Black and White participants with recent substance use disorders (SUD). We recruited 34 participants with a recent SUD of White and Black racial/ethnic descent for qualitative interviews. Interviews were coded to identify barriers to specialty treatment. We found that barriers related to stigma and lack of social …
Understanding the social and community support experiences of sexual and gender minority individuals in 12-Step programs
Sexual and gender minority individuals ( e.g., gay, bisexual, non-binary, transgender; SGMI) are 2-6 times as likely as cisgender heterosexual individuals to experience alcohol or other substance use disorders. SGMI participate in 12-Step groups, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), at high rates. Though social support is an established mechanism through which 12-Step programs support reductions in substance use, little is known about SGMI's experi…
A roadmap for maximizing the use and effectiveness of recovery housing for individuals prescribed medications for opiate use disorders
Introduction: Safe and stable housing is increasingly recognized as critical to recovery from alcohol and drug use disorders, but research on the outcomes of residents in recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly those prescribed medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), is limited. Methods: = 15) and discussion with experts in the recovery housing and OUD treatment fields serving as Advisory Board members on the Infrastructure for …
Giving and receiving help in three contexts as predictors of alcohol outcomes in a longitudinal study of sober living house residents
Although peer support is central to the social model approach emphasized in sober living houses (SLHs), no longitudinal studies have examined helping among SLH residents. This longitudinal study examined benefits of helping in three contexts among SLH residents. Data were from 205 participants entering 28 SLHs across 2021–2023. Interviews were at baseline and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months; focal variables were assessed at all interviews using a past‐30‐d…
Second-wave mutual-help groups: Examining effectiveness for individuals with alcohol use disorders in the longitudinal, U.S. national PAL Study cohorts
Pathways to Peer Support in Sober Living Houses: The Importance of Social Model Environments and Helping Behaviors
Sober living houses (SLHs) provide abstinence-based living environments for individuals in recovery from substance use disorders. The social model approach to recovery that is used emphasizes helping in recovery. Here, we test whether greater social model activity is related to more helping in the house, and whether these helping behaviors subsequently predict stronger support among SLH peers. Longitudinal data were collected from N = 205 SLH res…
Medicine (17 works) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (16 works) · Psychology (14 works) · Environmental health (12 works) · Demography (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Poison control (9 works) · Demography (8 works) · Injury prevention (8 works) · Psychiatry (8 works)