Bedford
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 12651 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Bedford |
| APELLIDO | Bedford |
| FIRMA | BEDFORD |
| AFILIACIONES | Australian National University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6476-5617 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 69 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 393 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1999 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Tracking the Dynamics of human Colonisation and Adaptation in Central Vanuatu
In October 2022 an extensive archaeological landscape was identified by staff of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre at Pangpang on the east coast of Efate Island in central Vanuatu. It included midden deposits on the banks of the Pangpang River near the sea at Forari Bay where Lapita and Early Erueti‐style pottery sherds were recovered. Later Mangaasi‐style pottery was found nearby and further inland across much of the wider landscape. This is the only …
Ancient mitogenomes of Lapita pigs confirm continuity of the Pacific Clade in Remote Oceania
Kuwae, Epi and Tongoa Islands
This paper presents a detailed overview of archaeological research undertaken on Epi and Tongoa, in central Vanuatu. These islands were previously connected to one another and respectively formed the western and eastern portions of Kuwae, one of the largest islands in the Vanuatu archipelago, until the catastrophic Tombuk volcanic eruption separated them in the mid‐fifteenth century AD. Oral traditions and insights drawn from previous ethnographi…
The Manufacture of Rochia nilotica rings
Rings made on marine shell are a conspicuous artefact form found throughout cultural sequences for much of the Pacific over millennia. Despite their importance in both recent and ancient times, in‐depth consideration of the manufacturing processes involved in shell ring production are limited. In this paper, we present for the first time, a detailed chaîne opératoire for Lapita period rings made from the nacreous shell, Rochia nilotica. Our exami…
Chroniques insulaires dans le Pacifique Sud
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Changing subsistence practices in pre-European populations of South Vanuatu
First analysis of diet practice of pre-European individuals from South Vanuatu using carbon and nitrogen data from bone collagen. • An expanded baseline of local resources based on taxonomic identification by proteomic determinations (Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry). • South Vanuatu humans would have consumed mainly marine coral reef fish, C3 plants, and mangrove resources. Differences in dietary patterns between the islands of South Vanuatu…
Experimental archaeologist, Wallace Raymond Ambrose 1933–2024
Jack
The new ANU Fellow's duties were to 'carry out and supervise research on the prehistory of Australia, Indonesia, Melanesia and neighbouring areas' (Allen 2019). The proposed research agenda was ambitious, innovative and timely; it called for skills for which Jack was already known. In the previous seven years, he had taught archaeology in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Auckland, the first such appointment in New Zealand. By 1…
Adna, ethnography, and facial approximations of the Teouma Lapita burials (c. 3000BP)
Although ancient DNA (aDNA) cannot predict the facial appearance of skeletal human remains, knowing which extant populations are most closely related to the deceased has proven to be invaluable in rectifying two early facial approximations (popularly known as facial reconstruction) undertaken 15 years ago. These concerned two of the crania excavated from the Lapita burial site at Teouma on the island of Efate, and are associated with the first hu…
The intentional variability of Lapita pottery fabrics
Results from petrographic and chemical analysis of decorated Lapita pottery from Vao, Vanuatu show that the majority was manufactured locally but that several variations of local raw materials were used. This indicates that temper material was collected from a range of settings, most of them accessible locally on Malakula. Two samples have temper corresponding with raw materials expected from the island of Efate in central Vanuatu where other sig…
Grassroots badly burnt
Here we salute the exceptional contributions of five ni-Vanuatu, who passed away over the last year, to the archaeological understanding of Vanuatu and the wider Pacific over a 50-year period. They were all at one time members of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre’s unique network of Filwokas (fieldworkers) who are involved in protecting, promoting and preserving the country’s cultural heritage. Their careers spanned the pre and post-Independence (1980)…
Patterns of Mortuary Practice over Millennia in Southern Vanuatu, South Melanesia
Burial practices provide a window into cultural practices, beliefs, and cross-cultural contacts through time. Southern Vanuatu's history begins with an initial Lapita colonization 3000 b.p., followed by Polynesian contacts after roughly 1000 years ago, and European encounters starting almost 250 years ago. Using a combination of re-analyzed legacy data from archaeological excavations in the 1960s and recent excavations, this article provides a sy…
Materialising Ancestral Madang
Reviewed by: Materialising Ancestral Madang: Pottery Production and Subsistence Trading on the Northeast Coast of New Guinea by Dylan Gaffney Stuart Bedford Materialising Ancestral Madang: Pottery Production and Subsistence Trading on the Northeast Coast of New Guinea. Dylan Gaffney. Dunedin: Archaeology Programme University of Otago, 2020. University of Otago Studies in Archaeology No. 29. 662 pp., including 2 appendices. eBook free, ISSN 0110–3…
Materialising Ancestral Madang
Early online release of book review in press. Asian Perspectives, Vol. 61, No. 2 © 2022 by the University of Hawai‘i Press. Materialising Ancestral Madang: Pottery Production and Subsistence Trading on the Northeast Coast of New Guinea. Dylan Gaffney. Dunedin: Archaeology Programme University of Otago, 2020. University of Otago Studies in Archaeology No. 29. 662 pp. including 2 appendices. eBook free, ISSN: 0110–3709. Reviewed by Stuart Bedford, …
Intégration polynésienne au Vanuatu (Mélanésie)
Certaines sociétés humaines modernes de l’archipel du Vanuatu (Mélanésie) présentent des traits culturels polynésiens et parlent des langues polynésiennes. Ces caractéristiques diffèrent de celles des autres sociétés présentes dans l’archipel qui sont apparentés aux influences mélanésiennes régionales. On suppose que des migrations polynésiennes auraient particulièrement contribué à la formation de ces sociétés « polynésiennes » du Vanuatu lors d…
Prefabrication, Patrilineality, and Intergenerational Reuse
‘Death and his body-servant’
Remaining healthy was a major consideration for both indigenous and European peoples in the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu) during early contact. While local communities were often devastated by introduced disease, new missionaries sought practical ways to overcome the impact of tropical ailments that they considered to undermine the effectiveness of their activities. From the early 1850s onwards, Presbyterian missionaries in the southern New Hebrides…
Encounters with stone
A fundamental goal of Christian missionaries in the Pacific was to depose indigenous deities and substitute them with Christian beliefs. Hence, they were constantly battling indigenous idolatry and idols. The islands of the southern New Hebrides were the first locations in Melanesia where missionisation was attempted with strategies and philosophy heavily influenced by the practices of the London Missionary Society in Polynesia. On the island of …
The bright archaeological light that was Angela Middleton
The archaeology of missions and missionisation in Australasia and the Pacific
This collection, dedicated to Angela Middleton, comprises eight papers centred around missions and missionisation located across a vast region primarily composed of sea and islands. Case studies span mainland Australia, the Torres Strait and the far corners of the Pacific, including Vanuatu (the former New Hebrides), the Tuamotu Islands, Guam and New Zealand, the place where Angela’s career and influence began. The complexity and depth of Christi…
Ritual tooth ablation and the Austronesian expansion
Ritual tooth ablation, the intentional removal of teeth, is a highly visible form of body modification that can signal group identity and mark certain life events, such as marriage. The widespread occurrence of the practice in Asia appears to have begun in the Neolithic period and in some areas, such as Taiwan, continued until the ethnographic present. We aim to use a biocultural approach to investigate the significance of tooth ablation in Indon…
Pākehā Settlements in a Māori World
Pākehā Settlements in a Māori World: New Zealand Archaeology 1769–1860." The Journal of Pacific History, 55(4), pp. 553–554
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Extensive cemeteries from Aniwa Island, Vanuatu, provide evidence for historical transformations in ritual practice among Christian islanders that continue through the present day. These cemeteries contain novel grave forms, including many lined with coral and mortar upright slabs that were not present on the island traditionally. The graves largely post-date European missionary presence on the island. They represent an indigenous adaptation of i…
Exploitation and utilization of tropical rainforests indicated in dental calculus of ancient Oceanic Lapita culture colonists
Assessment of the technological variability in decorated Lapita pottery from Teouma, Vanuatu, by petrography and LA-ICP-MS
Microfossil analysis of Lapita deposits in Vanuatu reveals introduced Araceae (aroids)
Starch residue, pollen and phytolith analysis was carried out on 14 coralline soil and potsherd samples from a c. 2700 BP Lapita site on Uripiv Island, Vanuatu. Starch grains, calcium oxylate crystals and xylem cells of introduced Araceae (aroids) were identified, providing the most compelling evidence to date of Lapita horticulture in Remote Oceania. Phytoliths indicate that local vegetation was dominated by Arecaceae (palms). Pollen was present…
Lapita subsistence strategies and food consumption patterns in the community of Teouma (Efate, Vanuatu)
Radiocarbon dating of burials from the Teouma Lapita cemetery, Efate, Vanuatu
Northern Vanuatu as a Pacific Crossroads
Northern Vanuatu is a significant crossroads region of the Southwest Pacific. This paper outlines current archaeological research being undertaken in the area, focusing on defining initial human settlement there some 3000 years ago and subsequent cultural transformations which led to the establishment of the ethnographic present. The study to date has contributed to a more detailed picture of inter- and intraarchipelago interaction, settlement pa…
Lapita Migrants in the Pacific's Oldest Cemetery
Teouma, an archaeological site on Efate Island, Vanuatu, features the earliest cemetery yet discovered of the colonizers of Remote Oceania, from the late second millennium B.C. In order to investigate potential migration of seventeen human individuals, we measured isotopes of strontium (87Sr/86Sr), oxygen (δ18O), and carbon (δ13C), as well as barium (Ba) and strontium (Sr) concentrations, in tooth enamel from skeletons excavated in the first two …
The Teouma Lapita site and the early human settlement of the Pacific Islands
The Teouma site, on Efate in central Vanuatu, was uncovered during quarrying in 2003 and has proved to be one of the most significant discoveries to date for the colonisation of Remote Oceania. Not only did it bring to light a fine assemblage of the famously diagnostic Lapita ceramics, but a cemetery of more than 25 individuals along with the pots. The skeletons offer an opportunity to investigate the origins of the 'Lapita people' who first appe…
Birds on the rim
This paper describes a decorated carinated vessel excavated at the Teouma Lapita site, on the south coast of Efate, central Vanuatu. The vessel contained human bones and, following reconstruction, was found to have had four modelled birds on its rim. The incidence and dating of other burial pot assemblages is examined to place the find in a wider context within the Island Pacific
Lapita Burial Practices
Excavation of the 3,000-year-old Lapita cemetery of Teouma (Efate, Central Vanuatu) has allowed the first detailed investigation of mortuary practices of these initial colonizers of the Vanuatu archipelago. Focusing on one component of funerary practice
The chronology of occupation at Teouma, Vanuatu
Evidence for Social and Cultural Change in Central Vanuatu Between 3000 and 2000 BP
In the southern Melanesian islands of Vanuatu, as in New Caledonia, Fiji, and West Polynesia, the archaeological record indicates significant shifts in aspects such as patterns of settlement and mobility, landscape use, and pottery production, some 500 years (2500 BP) after initial colonization. The relatively uniform Lapita Cultural Complex, the first manifestation of human activity on these islands, was transformed in each archipelago into vari…
Mitochondrial DNA from 3000-year old chickens at the Teouma site, Vanuatu
The anthropogenic transformation of an island landscape
Traditional agricultural systems have been a fundamental research focus of Pacific archaeologists for decades. In many island groups, it has been demonstrated that whole landscapes have been transformed to facilitate increased agricultural production. High‐resolution digital elevation models (DEM) derived from recent LiDAR survey data from Efate, Central Vanuatu, have now revealed that much of that island was completely modified by human activity…
A Preliminary Report on Health and Disease in Early Lapita Skeletons, Vanuatu
The human colonization of Near Oceania has an antiquity of over 40,000 years but colonization of Remote Oceania, including Vanuatu, did not begin until around 3200–3100 BP. Just before this time a distinctive form of dentate-stamped pottery known as the Lapita style appeared in the Bismarck Archipelago northeast of the island of New Guinea. The only direct evidence of health in these Remote Oceanic settlers is their skeletal remains, but until re…
Identification of the first reported Lapita cremation in the Pacific Islands using archaeological, forensic and contemporary burning evidence
Tattooing tools and the Lapita cultural complex
A use‐wear and residue study of 56 retouched obsidian flakes from seven Lapita sites in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu confirms that they had been used for tattooing. These specialised tools all bear one or more very small points formed by alternating retouch. A detailed comparison of use traces and pigments on these and 19 additional skin piercing tools analysed previously challenges the notion of homogeneity in cultural practice…
Functional analysis of late Holocene flaked and pebble stone artefacts from Vanuatu, Southwest Pacific
Functional studies were undertaken on simple, un‐retouched flaked and pebble artefacts made from a variety of lithic raw materials, recovered from late Holocene (Lapita) sites in Vanuatu. Use‐wear and residue analysis of macroscopic and microscopic evidence identified a wide range of craft, subsistence and social activities. These include cutting, pounding and grinding of non‐woody plants; graving, drilling, scraping and sawing of soft wood; dril…
Les traditions potières Erueti et Mangaasi du Vanuatu central
Il y a maintenant près de 45 ans que José Garanger a entrepris sa recherche en tant que pionnier dans les îles centrales du Vanuatu, anciennement Nouvelles-Hébrides. À cette époque, ces îles étaient une sorte de terra incognita au niveau archéologique, comme nombre d’autres îles du Pacifique et, plus particulièrement, celles de la région du Sud-Ouest Pacifique. Après dix-huit mois de travail sur le terrain et de nombreuses années d’analyse et de …
The Pacific's earliest painted pottery
Lapita pottery, the herald of the settlement of the wider island Pacific, turns out to have been painted with lime and clay, to give a red and white finish over the decorated surface. The find of a pot in Vanuatu, its sherds in different states of deterioration showed why painted Lapita has previously gone unrecognised. The author suggests that it was widespread from 1000 BC and reminds us that pottery was painted in China 7000 years ago
Crossing the Pwanmwou
From 1996–1999 a joint Australian National University–Vanuatu National Museum research and training program has been carried out at the site of Mangaasi, originally made famous through the pioneering research of José Garanger. The results of this research have led to a major reassessment of the Central Vanuatu ceramic sequence proposed by Garanger. In 1999 excavation commenced at an area known as Arapus which is located across the Pwanmwou Creek,…
Ancient DNA and its contribution to understanding the human history of the Pacific Islands
Two recent papers, by Lipson et al. and Posth et al., have challenged current interpretations of the initial settlement of Remote Oceania. We invited Stuart Bedford, who is an author on both papers, to outline their importance, and a number of scholars in various disciplines to comment on their findings
By all means let us complete the exercise
Archaeological research on the island of Aneityum, the southernmost inhabited island of the Vanuatu archipelago (the former New Hebrides), began in 1963 under the direction of Richard and Mary Shutler. It was soon after this that William Dickinson began analysing pottery sherds from various sites across the archipelago. He ultimately went on to study hundreds of samples, including – most recently – 112 from the site of Teouma on Efate Island. Ear…
Obsidian distribution from aLapita cemetery sheds light on its value to past societies
The Teouma site onEfateIsland inVanuatu is unique in thePacific, as it enables us to analyse an archaeological assemblage in relation to discrete activity areas of burial and settlement at the time of initial settlement of the archipelago. Geochemical sourcing of obsidian in combination with a basic technological analysis help us to understand whether differences exist between burial zones and settlement middens.The results show that the distribu…
Une analyse diachronique des pratiques funéraires préhistoriques du centre du Vanuatu
Les travaux de José Garanger dans le centre du Vanuatu (1963-1967) permirent la découverte et l’étude archéologique de nombreuses sépultures sur les îles d’Efate et de Tongoa, contribuant à étendre les connaissances sur les pratiques funéraires dans l’archipel au deuxième millénaire après J.-C. La découverte, à Teouma sur l’île d’Efate en 2004, d’un cimetière Lapita ancien ajoute des informations sur des pratiques plus anciennes. L’ensemble sépul…
Ritual tooth ablation and the Austronesian expansion
Ritual tooth ablation, the intentional removal of teeth, is a highly visible form of body modification that can signal group identity and mark certain life events, such as marriage. The widespread occurrence of the practice in Asia appears to have begun in the Neolithic period and in some areas, such as Taiwan, continued until the ethnographic present. We aim to use a biocultural approach to investigate the significance of tooth ablation in Indon…
Manufacture and Use of Lapita Conus Multi-Segment Broad Rings
Material culture associated with the Lapita Cultural Complex has been commented on for more than 100 years. Discussion and focus, however, have overwhelmingly concentrated on the distinctive dentate-stamped pottery. In this paper we highlight a very particular shell artifact form, examples of which were found in burial contexts at the Teouma Lapita site, Efate, Vanuatu. Here termed Conus Multi-Segment Broad Rings, each ring consists of three to f…
The Australian National University—Vanuatu Cultural Centre Archaeology Project, 1994–97
Despite an intensive period of research in Vanuatu during the 1960s and 1970s, a number of basic questions regarding the archaeology of the islands remained largely unanswered. The Australian National University—Vanuatu Cultural Centre Archaeological Project began in 1994, and was established in an attempt to address some of these questions. Research has been carried out on the islands of Malakula, Efate and Erromango, and has concentrated on est…
Crossing the Pwanmwou
From 1996–1999 a joint Australian National University–Vanuatu National Museum research and training program has been carried out at the site of Mangaasi, originally made famous through the pioneering research of José Garanger. The results of this research have led to a major reassessment of the Central Vanuatu ceramic sequence proposed by Garanger. In 1999 excavation commenced at an area known as Arapus which is located across the Pwanmwou Creek,…
Microfossil analysis of Lapita deposits in Vanuatu reveals introduced Araceae (aroids)
Starch residue, pollen and phytolith analysis was carried out on 14 coralline soil and potsherd samples from a c. 2700 BP Lapita site on Uripiv Island, Vanuatu. Starch grains, calcium oxylate crystals and xylem cells of introduced Araceae (aroids) were identified, providing the most compelling evidence to date of Lapita horticulture in Remote Oceania. Phytoliths indicate that local vegetation was dominated by Arecaceae (palms). Pollen was present…
The Teouma Lapita site and the early human settlement of the Pacific Islands
The Teouma site, on Efate in central Vanuatu, was uncovered during quarrying in 2003 and has proved to be one of the most significant discoveries to date for the colonisation of Remote Oceania. Not only did it bring to light a fine assemblage of the famously diagnostic Lapita ceramics, but a cemetery of more than 25 individuals along with the pots. The skeletons offer an opportunity to investigate the origins of the 'Lapita people' who first appe…
The Pacific's earliest painted pottery
Lapita pottery, the herald of the settlement of the wider island Pacific, turns out to have been painted with lime and clay, to give a red and white finish over the decorated surface. The find of a pot in Vanuatu, its sherds in different states of deterioration showed why painted Lapita has previously gone unrecognised. The author suggests that it was widespread from 1000 BC and reminds us that pottery was painted in China 7000 years ago
Birds on the rim
This paper describes a decorated carinated vessel excavated at the Teouma Lapita site, on the south coast of Efate, central Vanuatu. The vessel contained human bones and, following reconstruction, was found to have had four modelled birds on its rim. The incidence and dating of other burial pot assemblages is examined to place the find in a wider context within the Island Pacific
Lapita Migrants in the Pacific's Oldest Cemetery
Teouma, an archaeological site on Efate Island, Vanuatu, features the earliest cemetery yet discovered of the colonizers of Remote Oceania, from the late second millennium B.C. In order to investigate potential migration of seventeen human individuals, we measured isotopes of strontium (87Sr/86Sr), oxygen (δ18O), and carbon (δ13C), as well as barium (Ba) and strontium (Sr) concentrations, in tooth enamel from skeletons excavated in the first two …
A Preliminary Report on Health and Disease in Early Lapita Skeletons, Vanuatu
The human colonization of Near Oceania has an antiquity of over 40,000 years but colonization of Remote Oceania, including Vanuatu, did not begin until around 3200–3100 BP. Just before this time a distinctive form of dentate-stamped pottery known as the Lapita style appeared in the Bismarck Archipelago northeast of the island of New Guinea. The only direct evidence of health in these Remote Oceanic settlers is their skeletal remains, but until re…
[Ceramics and Obsidian in Island Southeast Asia and Oceania] Results From Excavations at the Mangaasi Type Site
Northern Vanuatu as a Pacific Crossroads
Northern Vanuatu is a significant crossroads region of the Southwest Pacific. This paper outlines current archaeological research being undertaken in the area, focusing on defining initial human settlement there some 3000 years ago and subsequent cultural transformations which led to the establishment of the ethnographic present. The study to date has contributed to a more detailed picture of inter- and intraarchipelago interaction, settlement pa…
Identification of the first reported Lapita cremation in the Pacific Islands using archaeological, forensic and contemporary burning evidence
Une analyse diachronique des pratiques funéraires préhistoriques du centre du Vanuatu
Les travaux de José Garanger dans le centre du Vanuatu (1963-1967) permirent la découverte et l’étude archéologique de nombreuses sépultures sur les îles d’Efate et de Tongoa, contribuant à étendre les connaissances sur les pratiques funéraires dans l’archipel au deuxième millénaire après J.-C. La découverte, à Teouma sur l’île d’Efate en 2004, d’un cimetière Lapita ancien ajoute des informations sur des pratiques plus anciennes. L’ensemble sépul…
Les traditions potières Erueti et Mangaasi du Vanuatu central
Il y a maintenant près de 45 ans que José Garanger a entrepris sa recherche en tant que pionnier dans les îles centrales du Vanuatu, anciennement Nouvelles-Hébrides. À cette époque, ces îles étaient une sorte de terra incognita au niveau archéologique, comme nombre d’autres îles du Pacifique et, plus particulièrement, celles de la région du Sud-Ouest Pacifique. Après dix-huit mois de travail sur le terrain et de nombreuses années d’analyse et de …
Faces of the Teouma Lapita People
In 2008 we completed facial approximations of four individuals from the early Lapita Culture, a seafaring people who were the first to settle the islands of the Western Pacific circa 3000 years ago. Typically an approximation is performed as a 3D sculpture or using computer graphics. We chose to sketch what we have been able to determine from the remains because the artistic conventions of drawing work with visual perception in ways that are more…
Provenance and Technology of Lithic Artifacts from the Teouma Lapita Site, Vanuatu
Fifty-six obsidian artifacts and 141 non-obsidian artifacts were excavated in three field seasons at Teouma, Efate Island, central Vanuatu. Using LA-ICP-MS the majority of the obsidian artifacts were provenienced to the obsidian subsource of Kutau/Bao on West New Britain in the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. This study is the first geochemical analysis of a significant assemblage of West New Britain obsidian south of the Solomon Islands.…
Lapita Burial Practices
Excavation of the 3,000-year-old Lapita cemetery of Teouma (Efate, Central Vanuatu) has allowed the first detailed investigation of mortuary practices of these initial colonizers of the Vanuatu archipelago. Focusing on one component of funerary practice
Mitochondrial DNA from 3000-year old chickens at the Teouma site, Vanuatu
Lapita subsistence strategies and food consumption patterns in the community of Teouma (Efate, Vanuatu)
Functional analysis of late Holocene flaked and pebble stone artefacts from Vanuatu, Southwest Pacific
Functional studies were undertaken on simple, un‐retouched flaked and pebble artefacts made from a variety of lithic raw materials, recovered from late Holocene (Lapita) sites in Vanuatu. Use‐wear and residue analysis of macroscopic and microscopic evidence identified a wide range of craft, subsistence and social activities. These include cutting, pounding and grinding of non‐woody plants; graving, drilling, scraping and sawing of soft wood; dril…
Lapita Burials, a New Lapita Cemetery and Post-Lapita Burials from Malakula, Northern Vanuatu, Southwest Pacific
During archaeological excavations investigating Lapita period sites on the islands of Uripiv and Vao off the northeast coast of Malakula, northern Vanuatu, Lapita (8) and Post-Lapita burials (7) were recovered. These are the first prehistoric burials to be reported on in detail from northern Vanuatu and the site on Uripiv Island has since been confirmed as a Lapita cemetery, one of only three identified to date. The Uripiv cemetery is situated in…
Lapita Calédonien
Vanuatu Mortuary Practices over Three Millennia
New discoveries and previously-unpublished data on burials from south, central, and north Vanuatu are reviewed in this paper, offering a synthesis of mortuary practices over three millennia, from Lapita to the early European contact period. Relying on five attributes describing the practices and behaviours (body and bone treatment, position and orientation of the body, ornaments and associated artefacts, and use of single or multiple burial), the…
Petrography of Temper Sands in 112 Reconstructed Lapita Pottery Vessels from Teouma (Efate)
The remarkable cache of intact and reconstructed Lapita pottery vessels excavated from the Teouma site near the south coast of Efate in Vanuatu has made possible a petrographic temper analysis for which each sherd thin section is known without doubt to derive from a different single pot. Such positive vessel-by-vessel control for the specific provenience of each sherd has not been possible during petrographic study of any other collections of pre…
Scurvy in a tropical paradise? Evaluating the possibility of infant and adult vitamin C deficiency in the Lapita skeletal sample of Teouma, Vanuatu, Pacific islands
Evidence for Social and Cultural Change in Central Vanuatu Between 3000 and 2000 BP
In the southern Melanesian islands of Vanuatu, as in New Caledonia, Fiji, and West Polynesia, the archaeological record indicates significant shifts in aspects such as patterns of settlement and mobility, landscape use, and pottery production, some 500 years (2500 BP) after initial colonization. The relatively uniform Lapita Cultural Complex, the first manifestation of human activity on these islands, was transformed in each archipelago into vari…
Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (65 obras) · Archaeology (57 obras) · Geography (53 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (40 obras) · History (34 obras) · Biology (20 obras) · History (19 obras) · Sociology (17 obras) · Geology (16 obras) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (16 obras)