Stephen W Marshall
Biographic Data
| ID | 128086 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen W Marshall |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen W |
| FAMILY NAME | Marshall |
| SIGNATURE | MARSHALL S W |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2664-9233 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 56 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Age, period and cohort-related trends in prescription opioid use in the USA, 1999–2018
Background To provide insight into the longitudinal dynamics of opioid use throughout the overdose crisis, this study estimated the separate influences of age, period and cohort on prescription opioid use during 1999–2018 in the USA. Methods Data from 10 cycles of the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to conduct an age–period–cohort analysis of the prevalence of prescription opioid use (n=63 500 across 199…
Patterns of Risk and Protective Factors Among Alaska Children: Association With Maternal and Child Well-Being
This study used population-representative data to examine associations of risk and protective factor patterns among Alaska Native/American Indian (AN/AI; N = 592) and non-Native (N = 1,018) children with maternal and child outcomes at age 3 years. Among AN/AI children, a high risk/moderate protection class was associated with child developmental risk and mothers being less likely to feel comfortable asking for help or knowing where to go for pare…
Preconception and Prenatal Predictors of Early Experiences of Risk and Protection Among Alaska Children
Ranapurwala et al. Respond
AffiliationsShabbar I. Ranapurwala, Apostolos A. Alexandridis, Rebecca B. Naumann, and Stephen W. Marshall are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Meghan E. Shanahan is with the Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina. Scott Proescholdbell is with the Injury and Violence Prevention Branch, North Carolina Division of Public Health, Raleigh. Daniel Edwards Jr is with the Divi…
Evaluation of a Medicaid Lock-in Program: Increased Use of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment but No Impact on Opioid Overdose Risk
BACKGROUND: "Lock-in" programs (LIPs) identify beneficiaries demonstrating potential overutilization of opioids, and other controlled substances, and restrict their access to these medications. LIPs are expanding to address the opioid crisis and could be an effective tool for connecting people to opioid use disorder treatment. We examined the immediate and sustained effects of a Medicaid LIP on overdose risk and use of medication-assisted treatme…
Opioid Overdose Mortality Among Former North Carolina Inmates: 2000–2015
Objectives. To examine differences in rates of opioid overdose death (OOD) between former North Carolina (NC) inmates and NC residents and evaluate factors associated with postrelease OOD. Methods. We linked NC inmate release data to NC death records, calculated OOD standardized mortality ratios to compare former inmates with NC residents, and calculated hazard ratios to identify predictors of time to OOD. Results. Of the 229 274 former inmates r…
The Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Health in Older Women (Opach) Study
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00000611 . Registered 27 October 1999
Migration, Multiple Sexual Partnerships, and Sexual Concurrency in the Garífuna Population of Honduras
Adolescent expectations of early death predict young adult socioeconomic status
Validity of self-reported hearing loss in adults: Performance of three single questions
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the validity of three single questions used to assess self-reported hearing loss as compared to pure-tone audiometry in an adult population. METHODS: A validity study was performed with a random sub-sample of 188 subjects aged 30 to 65 years, drawn from the fourth wave of a population-based cohort study carried out in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil. Data were collected in household visits using questionnaires. Three question…
Deployment and the Use of Mental Health Services among U.S. Army Wives
BACKGROUND: Military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have involved the frequent and extended deployment of military personnel, many of whom are married. The effect of deployment on mental health in military spouses is largely unstudied. METHODS: We examined electronic medical-record data for outpatient care received between 2003 and 2006 by 250,626 wives of active-duty U.S. Army soldiers. After adjustment for the sociodemographic characteristi…
Progressive Statistics for Studies in Sports Medicine and Exercise Science
Statistical guidelines and expert statements are now available to assist in the analysis and reporting of studies in some biomedical disciplines. We present here a more progressive resource for sample-based studies, meta-analyses, and case studies in sports medicine and exercise science. We offer forthright advice on the following controversial or novel issues: using precision of estimation for inferences about population effects in preference to…
Area‐Based Socioeconomic Characteristics of Industries at High Risk for Violence in the Workplace
This study examined socioeconomic factors associated with the presence of workplaces belonging to industries reported to be at high risk for worker homicide. The proportion of 2004 North Carolina workplaces in high‐risk industries was computed following spatial linkage of individual workplaces to 2000 United States Census Block Groups ( n = 3,925). Thirty census‐derived socioeconomic variables (selected a priori as potentially predictive of viole…
Political Economy of US States and Rates of Fatal Occupational Injury
Objectives. We investigated the extent to which the political economy of US states, including the relative power of organized labor, predicts rates of fatal occupational injury. Methods. We described states’ political economies with 6 contextual variables measuring social and political conditions: “right-to-work” laws, union membership density, labor grievance rates, state government debt, unemployment rates, and social wage payments. We obtained…
Malodor as a Trigger of Stress and Negative Mood in Neighbors of Industrial Hog Operations
Objectives. We evaluated malodor and air pollutants near industrial hog operations as environmental stressors and negative mood triggers. Methods. We collected data from 101 nonsmoking adults in 16 neighborhoods within 1.5 miles of at least 1 industrial hog operation in eastern North Carolina. Participants rated malodor intensity, stress, and mood for 2 weeks while air pollutants were monitored. Results. Reported malodor was associated with stres…
The Validity of a Proxy Acculturation Scale Among U.S. Hispanics
This study examines the validity of a proxy acculturation scale composed of four acculturation-related variables. The authors use data from a nationally representative sample of 1,437 U.S. Hispanics. Results indicate good internal scale reliability, a high degree of correlation between the proxy scale and the full acculturation measure, and substantial agreement between dichotomized versions of the two scales. Although reliability declines slight…
Family Violence in the Military: A Review of the Literature
Family violence, including both child maltreatment and spouse abuse, is a public health concern in both military and civilian populations. However, there is limited knowledge concerning violence in military families relative to civilian families. This literature review critically reviews studies that examine child maltreatment and spouse abuse among military families and compares family violence in military versus nonmilitary populations. Physica…
Use of Discretionary Protective Equipment in High School Athletes: Prevalence and Determinants
Objectives. We sought to describe the use of discretionary protective equipment among high school athletes and to examine social and behavioral determinants contributing to equipment usage. Methods. We analyzed data from a 3-year (1996–1999), stratified, 2-stage cluster sample of athletes engaged in 12 organized sports in 100 North Carolina high schools (n=19728 athlete-seasons) (an athlete-season represents an individual student who participates…
Employer Policies Toward Guns and the Risk of Homicide in the Workplace
This population-based case–control study of North Carolina workplaces evaluated the hypothesis that employers’ policies allowing firearms in the workplace may increase workers’ risk of homicide. Workplaces where guns were permitted were about 5 times as likely to experience a homicide as those where all weapons were prohibited (adjusted odds ratio=4.81; 95% confidence interval=1.70, 13.65). The association remained after adjustment for other risk…
Sunscreen Use and Malignant Melanoma Risk: The Jury Is Still Out
In a recent meta-analysis on sunscreen use and malignant melanoma risk,1 Huncharek and Kupelnick noted the difficulties inherent in using the case–control design to study this topic. We agree with the authors that the previously observed positive associations (increased malignant melanoma risk with increased sunscreen use) may be largely due to various biases, and that these biases may be more pronounced in studies using hospital-based cases and …
Psychological and social predictors of motorcycle use by young adult males in New Zealand
The Validity of a Proxy Acculturation Scale Among U.S. Hispanics
This study examines the validity of a proxy acculturation scale composed of four acculturation-related variables. The authors use data from a nationally representative sample of 1,437 U.S. Hispanics. Results indicate good internal scale reliability, a high degree of correlation between the proxy scale and the full acculturation measure, and substantial agreement between dichotomized versions of the two scales. Although reliability declines slight…
Adolescent expectations of early death predict young adult socioeconomic status
Validity of self-reported hearing loss in adults: Performance of three single questions
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the validity of three single questions used to assess self-reported hearing loss as compared to pure-tone audiometry in an adult population. METHODS: A validity study was performed with a random sub-sample of 188 subjects aged 30 to 65 years, drawn from the fourth wave of a population-based cohort study carried out in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil. Data were collected in household visits using questionnaires. Three question…
Opioid Overdose Mortality Among Former North Carolina Inmates: 2000–2015
Objectives. To examine differences in rates of opioid overdose death (OOD) between former North Carolina (NC) inmates and NC residents and evaluate factors associated with postrelease OOD. Methods. We linked NC inmate release data to NC death records, calculated OOD standardized mortality ratios to compare former inmates with NC residents, and calculated hazard ratios to identify predictors of time to OOD. Results. Of the 229 274 former inmates r…
Political Economy of US States and Rates of Fatal Occupational Injury
Objectives. We investigated the extent to which the political economy of US states, including the relative power of organized labor, predicts rates of fatal occupational injury. Methods. We described states’ political economies with 6 contextual variables measuring social and political conditions: “right-to-work” laws, union membership density, labor grievance rates, state government debt, unemployment rates, and social wage payments. We obtained…
Employer Policies Toward Guns and the Risk of Homicide in the Workplace
This population-based case–control study of North Carolina workplaces evaluated the hypothesis that employers’ policies allowing firearms in the workplace may increase workers’ risk of homicide. Workplaces where guns were permitted were about 5 times as likely to experience a homicide as those where all weapons were prohibited (adjusted odds ratio=4.81; 95% confidence interval=1.70, 13.65). The association remained after adjustment for other risk…
Malodor as a Trigger of Stress and Negative Mood in Neighbors of Industrial Hog Operations
Objectives. We evaluated malodor and air pollutants near industrial hog operations as environmental stressors and negative mood triggers. Methods. We collected data from 101 nonsmoking adults in 16 neighborhoods within 1.5 miles of at least 1 industrial hog operation in eastern North Carolina. Participants rated malodor intensity, stress, and mood for 2 weeks while air pollutants were monitored. Results. Reported malodor was associated with stres…
Area‐Based Socioeconomic Characteristics of Industries at High Risk for Violence in the Workplace
This study examined socioeconomic factors associated with the presence of workplaces belonging to industries reported to be at high risk for worker homicide. The proportion of 2004 North Carolina workplaces in high‐risk industries was computed following spatial linkage of individual workplaces to 2000 United States Census Block Groups ( n = 3,925). Thirty census‐derived socioeconomic variables (selected a priori as potentially predictive of viole…
Psychological and social predictors of motorcycle use by young adult males in New Zealand
Psychological and social predictors of motorcycle use by young adult males in New Zealand
Sunscreen Use and Malignant Melanoma Risk: The Jury Is Still Out
In a recent meta-analysis on sunscreen use and malignant melanoma risk,1 Huncharek and Kupelnick noted the difficulties inherent in using the case–control design to study this topic. We agree with the authors that the previously observed positive associations (increased malignant melanoma risk with increased sunscreen use) may be largely due to various biases, and that these biases may be more pronounced in studies using hospital-based cases and …
Use of Discretionary Protective Equipment in High School Athletes: Prevalence and Determinants
Objectives. We sought to describe the use of discretionary protective equipment among high school athletes and to examine social and behavioral determinants contributing to equipment usage. Methods. We analyzed data from a 3-year (1996–1999), stratified, 2-stage cluster sample of athletes engaged in 12 organized sports in 100 North Carolina high schools (n=19728 athlete-seasons) (an athlete-season represents an individual student who participates…
Employer Policies Toward Guns and the Risk of Homicide in the Workplace
This population-based case–control study of North Carolina workplaces evaluated the hypothesis that employers’ policies allowing firearms in the workplace may increase workers’ risk of homicide. Workplaces where guns were permitted were about 5 times as likely to experience a homicide as those where all weapons were prohibited (adjusted odds ratio=4.81; 95% confidence interval=1.70, 13.65). The association remained after adjustment for other risk…
Family Violence in the Military: A Review of the Literature
Family violence, including both child maltreatment and spouse abuse, is a public health concern in both military and civilian populations. However, there is limited knowledge concerning violence in military families relative to civilian families. This literature review critically reviews studies that examine child maltreatment and spouse abuse among military families and compares family violence in military versus nonmilitary populations. Physica…
The Validity of a Proxy Acculturation Scale Among U.S. Hispanics
This study examines the validity of a proxy acculturation scale composed of four acculturation-related variables. The authors use data from a nationally representative sample of 1,437 U.S. Hispanics. Results indicate good internal scale reliability, a high degree of correlation between the proxy scale and the full acculturation measure, and substantial agreement between dichotomized versions of the two scales. Although reliability declines slight…
Progressive Statistics for Studies in Sports Medicine and Exercise Science
Statistical guidelines and expert statements are now available to assist in the analysis and reporting of studies in some biomedical disciplines. We present here a more progressive resource for sample-based studies, meta-analyses, and case studies in sports medicine and exercise science. We offer forthright advice on the following controversial or novel issues: using precision of estimation for inferences about population effects in preference to…
Area‐Based Socioeconomic Characteristics of Industries at High Risk for Violence in the Workplace
This study examined socioeconomic factors associated with the presence of workplaces belonging to industries reported to be at high risk for worker homicide. The proportion of 2004 North Carolina workplaces in high‐risk industries was computed following spatial linkage of individual workplaces to 2000 United States Census Block Groups ( n = 3,925). Thirty census‐derived socioeconomic variables (selected a priori as potentially predictive of viole…
Political Economy of US States and Rates of Fatal Occupational Injury
Objectives. We investigated the extent to which the political economy of US states, including the relative power of organized labor, predicts rates of fatal occupational injury. Methods. We described states’ political economies with 6 contextual variables measuring social and political conditions: “right-to-work” laws, union membership density, labor grievance rates, state government debt, unemployment rates, and social wage payments. We obtained…
Malodor as a Trigger of Stress and Negative Mood in Neighbors of Industrial Hog Operations
Objectives. We evaluated malodor and air pollutants near industrial hog operations as environmental stressors and negative mood triggers. Methods. We collected data from 101 nonsmoking adults in 16 neighborhoods within 1.5 miles of at least 1 industrial hog operation in eastern North Carolina. Participants rated malodor intensity, stress, and mood for 2 weeks while air pollutants were monitored. Results. Reported malodor was associated with stres…
Deployment and the Use of Mental Health Services among U.S. Army Wives
BACKGROUND: Military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have involved the frequent and extended deployment of military personnel, many of whom are married. The effect of deployment on mental health in military spouses is largely unstudied. METHODS: We examined electronic medical-record data for outpatient care received between 2003 and 2006 by 250,626 wives of active-duty U.S. Army soldiers. After adjustment for the sociodemographic characteristi…
Validity of self-reported hearing loss in adults: Performance of three single questions
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the validity of three single questions used to assess self-reported hearing loss as compared to pure-tone audiometry in an adult population. METHODS: A validity study was performed with a random sub-sample of 188 subjects aged 30 to 65 years, drawn from the fourth wave of a population-based cohort study carried out in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil. Data were collected in household visits using questionnaires. Three question…
Adolescent expectations of early death predict young adult socioeconomic status
Migration, Multiple Sexual Partnerships, and Sexual Concurrency in the Garífuna Population of Honduras
The Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Health in Older Women (Opach) Study
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00000611 . Registered 27 October 1999
Opioid Overdose Mortality Among Former North Carolina Inmates: 2000–2015
Objectives. To examine differences in rates of opioid overdose death (OOD) between former North Carolina (NC) inmates and NC residents and evaluate factors associated with postrelease OOD. Methods. We linked NC inmate release data to NC death records, calculated OOD standardized mortality ratios to compare former inmates with NC residents, and calculated hazard ratios to identify predictors of time to OOD. Results. Of the 229 274 former inmates r…
Preconception and Prenatal Predictors of Early Experiences of Risk and Protection Among Alaska Children
Ranapurwala et al. Respond
AffiliationsShabbar I. Ranapurwala, Apostolos A. Alexandridis, Rebecca B. Naumann, and Stephen W. Marshall are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Meghan E. Shanahan is with the Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina. Scott Proescholdbell is with the Injury and Violence Prevention Branch, North Carolina Division of Public Health, Raleigh. Daniel Edwards Jr is with the Divi…
Evaluation of a Medicaid Lock-in Program: Increased Use of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment but No Impact on Opioid Overdose Risk
BACKGROUND: "Lock-in" programs (LIPs) identify beneficiaries demonstrating potential overutilization of opioids, and other controlled substances, and restrict their access to these medications. LIPs are expanding to address the opioid crisis and could be an effective tool for connecting people to opioid use disorder treatment. We examined the immediate and sustained effects of a Medicaid LIP on overdose risk and use of medication-assisted treatme…
Patterns of Risk and Protective Factors Among Alaska Children: Association With Maternal and Child Well-Being
This study used population-representative data to examine associations of risk and protective factor patterns among Alaska Native/American Indian (AN/AI; N = 592) and non-Native (N = 1,018) children with maternal and child outcomes at age 3 years. Among AN/AI children, a high risk/moderate protection class was associated with child developmental risk and mothers being less likely to feel comfortable asking for help or knowing where to go for pare…
Age, period and cohort-related trends in prescription opioid use in the USA, 1999–2018
Background To provide insight into the longitudinal dynamics of opioid use throughout the overdose crisis, this study estimated the separate influences of age, period and cohort on prescription opioid use during 1999–2018 in the USA. Methods Data from 10 cycles of the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to conduct an age–period–cohort analysis of the prevalence of prescription opioid use (n=63 500 across 199…
Medicine (20 works) · Environmental health (13 works) · Psychology (12 works) · Demography (11 works) · Population (11 works) · Poison control (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Internal Medicine (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · Psychiatry (6 works)