René Baston
Biographic Data
| ID | 1296102 |
|---|---|
| NAME | René Baston |
| GIVEN NAMES | René |
| FAMILY NAME | Baston |
| SIGNATURE | BASTON R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9904-3729 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 11 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 11 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
When is Suicide Unexpected? A Normative-Explanatory Account of Suicidal Action
Suicide often occurs unexpectedly, both for clinicians and close others. Despite decades of empirical research, meta-studies show that the predictive accuracy of known psychological risk factors remains only marginally better than chance when applied to individuals. This paper addresses the pressing question of what it means to expect suicidal behavior when an individual's reasons for living (RFL) and reasons for dying (RFD) are known. Drawing on…
Balancing life and death desires
To delay or not to delay
When mental health professionals or social workers are confronted with a suicidal individual, one approach is to use all means to delay the act of suicide until the desire for death subsides. Encouraging someone to delay suicide while bypassing the individual’s practical reasons for suicide can lead to irrational postponement, which equates to procrastinating suicide. Causing someone to procrastinate in this manner poses a risk of disrespecting t…
Proactive control and agency
Can agents overcome unconscious psychological influences without being aware of them? Some philosophers and psychologists assume that agents need to be aware of psychological influences to successfully control behavior. The aim of this text is to argue that when agents engage in a proactive control strategy, they can successfully shield their behavior from some unconscious influences. If agents actively check for conflicts between their actions a…
What underlies death/suicide implicit association test measures and how it contributes to suicidal action
Recently, psychologists have developed indirect measurement procedures to predict suicidal behavior. A prominent example is the Death/Suicide Implicit Association Test (DS-IAT). In this paper, I argue that there is something special about the DS-IAT which distinguishes it from different IAT measures. I argue that the DS-IAT does not measure weak or strong associations between the implicit self-concept and the abstract concept of death. In contras…
Beyond prediction
Recent meta-studies have shown that there are no known risk factors for suicidal behavior that could be used for behavior prediction, rendering the classic understanding of high and low risk for suicide questionable. The aim of this manuscript is to propose a new understanding of suicide risk that does not depend on predictive powers. In contrast, the developed Normic account of suicide risk, which is based on a possible world framework rather th…
The Nurturing Stance, Moral Responsibility, and the (Implicit) Bias Blind Spot
Can we hold agents responsible for their implicitly biased behavior? The aim of this text is to show that, from the nurturing stance, holding subjects responsible for their implicitly biased behavior is justified, even though they are not blameworthy. First, I will introduce the nurturing stance as Daphne Brandenburg originally developed it. Second, I will specify what holding somebody responsible from the nurturing stance amounts to. Third, I sh…
From old-fashioned to offensive racism
Recently, an increasing number of scholars have been showing interest in old-fashioned racism again. While recent studies on old-fashioned racism apparently increase our knowledge of this psychological theory of racism, the studies actually shed light on a different type of racism, namely offensive racism. The aim of this text is to argue that psychological theories of racism, like old-fashioned racism and modern racism, depend on societies’ soci…
Unintentional Trolling
It is often assumed that trolling is an intentional action. The aim of the paper is to argue for a form of unintentional trolling. Firstly, we outline minimal conditions for intentional actions. Secondly, an unintentional trolling example is introduced. Thirdly, we will show that in some cases, an utterance can be expressive, while it is perceived as descriptive. On the basis of the justification-suppression model, we argue that the introduced tr…
Implizite Vorurteile
In diesem Buch werden verschiedene philosophische Theorien zur Natur impliziter Vorurteile kritisch dargestellt sowie grundlegende Begriffe und Theorien der Sozialpsychologie veranschaulicht. Der Autor argumentiert für eine dispositionale Betrachtung impliziter Vorurteile.
Implizite Vorurteile
No prominent works on this page.
Implizite Vorurteile
In diesem Buch werden verschiedene philosophische Theorien zur Natur impliziter Vorurteile kritisch dargestellt sowie grundlegende Begriffe und Theorien der Sozialpsychologie veranschaulicht. Der Autor argumentiert für eine dispositionale Betrachtung impliziter Vorurteile.
Implizite Vorurteile
Unintentional Trolling
It is often assumed that trolling is an intentional action. The aim of the paper is to argue for a form of unintentional trolling. Firstly, we outline minimal conditions for intentional actions. Secondly, an unintentional trolling example is introduced. Thirdly, we will show that in some cases, an utterance can be expressive, while it is perceived as descriptive. On the basis of the justification-suppression model, we argue that the introduced tr…
The Nurturing Stance, Moral Responsibility, and the (Implicit) Bias Blind Spot
Can we hold agents responsible for their implicitly biased behavior? The aim of this text is to show that, from the nurturing stance, holding subjects responsible for their implicitly biased behavior is justified, even though they are not blameworthy. First, I will introduce the nurturing stance as Daphne Brandenburg originally developed it. Second, I will specify what holding somebody responsible from the nurturing stance amounts to. Third, I sh…
From old-fashioned to offensive racism
Recently, an increasing number of scholars have been showing interest in old-fashioned racism again. While recent studies on old-fashioned racism apparently increase our knowledge of this psychological theory of racism, the studies actually shed light on a different type of racism, namely offensive racism. The aim of this text is to argue that psychological theories of racism, like old-fashioned racism and modern racism, depend on societies’ soci…
Proactive control and agency
Can agents overcome unconscious psychological influences without being aware of them? Some philosophers and psychologists assume that agents need to be aware of psychological influences to successfully control behavior. The aim of this text is to argue that when agents engage in a proactive control strategy, they can successfully shield their behavior from some unconscious influences. If agents actively check for conflicts between their actions a…
What underlies death/suicide implicit association test measures and how it contributes to suicidal action
Recently, psychologists have developed indirect measurement procedures to predict suicidal behavior. A prominent example is the Death/Suicide Implicit Association Test (DS-IAT). In this paper, I argue that there is something special about the DS-IAT which distinguishes it from different IAT measures. I argue that the DS-IAT does not measure weak or strong associations between the implicit self-concept and the abstract concept of death. In contras…
Beyond prediction
Recent meta-studies have shown that there are no known risk factors for suicidal behavior that could be used for behavior prediction, rendering the classic understanding of high and low risk for suicide questionable. The aim of this manuscript is to propose a new understanding of suicide risk that does not depend on predictive powers. In contrast, the developed Normic account of suicide risk, which is based on a possible world framework rather th…
To delay or not to delay
When mental health professionals or social workers are confronted with a suicidal individual, one approach is to use all means to delay the act of suicide until the desire for death subsides. Encouraging someone to delay suicide while bypassing the individual’s practical reasons for suicide can lead to irrational postponement, which equates to procrastinating suicide. Causing someone to procrastinate in this manner poses a risk of disrespecting t…
When is Suicide Unexpected? A Normative-Explanatory Account of Suicidal Action
Suicide often occurs unexpectedly, both for clinicians and close others. Despite decades of empirical research, meta-studies show that the predictive accuracy of known psychological risk factors remains only marginally better than chance when applied to individuals. This paper addresses the pressing question of what it means to expect suicidal behavior when an individual's reasons for living (RFL) and reasons for dying (RFD) are known. Drawing on…
Balancing life and death desires
Psychology (8 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Epistemology (5 works) · Philosophy (5 works) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (5 works) · Cognitive psychology (4 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (4 works) · Suicide and Self-Harm Studies (4 works) · Artificial Intelligence (2 works) · Computer Science (2 works)