Bruno Arpino
Biographic Data
| ID | 129653 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bruno Arpino |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bruno |
| FAMILY NAME | Arpino |
| SIGNATURE | ARPINO B |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Florence |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8374-3066 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 57 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 535 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Family Availability, ‘Kinlessness’, Covid Stringency, and Loneliness in 26 Countries
Loneliness became an increasing concern during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially as countries enacted “physical distancing” mitigation measures. Under these conditions, older adults with limited family availability (e.g., unpartnered, childless, and “kinless”) might have been at higher loneliness risk, or perhaps were more accustomed to less social interaction. Using individual-level data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe…
The Effect of Social Ties on Digitalization in Older Adults: Integrating Propensity Score Matching and Finite Mixture Models on Two Combined Data Sets
The age digital divide is the gap between older adults and younger individuals in accessing or using different digital technologies. Results from the literature show that social ties with family and friends may have a great influence on the digital inclusion of older adults. To understand the causal link between intergenerational ties and the reduction of age digital divide, we propose to combine data from round 10 of the European Social Survey (…
Sleeping With the Enemy: Partners’ Heterogamy by Political Preferences and Union Dissolution. Evidence From the United Kingdom
We examine whether union dissolution is associated with partners’ (mis)match on political preferences, defined as self-reported closeness, intention to vote, or reported vote for a specific party. Previous studies have shown that partners’ heterogamy by ethnicity, education, and other dimensions increases the risk of union dissolution because of differences between partners in lifestyles, attitudes, and beliefs or because of disapproval from fami…
Personality Traits and Provision of Grandparental Childcare: Evidence from Europe
Past research has explored various factors associated with grandparental childcare but has overlooked the role of personality traits. We address this gap by analyzing the association between personality traits and grandparental childcare using data from the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). In SHARE, personality traits were measured for the first time in wave 7, and in wave 8, they were collected only from individuals who did not…
Trajectories of loneliness in later life - Evidence from a 10-year English panel study
The prevalence of loneliness is higher among older people; however, few studies have examined its longitudinal patterns and associated risk factors, particularly social network resources. Using data from six waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2008/09 to 2018/19, N = 4740) and group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM), we identified five groups of loneliness trajectories: three with stable levels (37% "stable low"; 26% "stable medium…
Gender inequality in intergenerational contact after parental separation in the digital era
ObjectiveThe goal of this brief report is to analyze parent-adult child contact frequency in intact and non-intact families by focusing on parent and child gender and the type of contact.BackgroundParental separation increases gender differences in parent-child relationships, with separated fathers having less frequent contact with their adult children compared to separated mothers. We investigate whether the father-mother gap in post-separation …
Social media contact with family members and happiness in younger and older adults
Prior literature suggests that social media may increase older adults' well-being because they use social media to communicate with close social ties, such as family members. Despite this potential being recognized and associations between social media and well-being being established among older adults, the role of social media contact (SMC), particularly with family members, as a source of well-being has been little explored. In this study, we …
Is Transition to Retirement Associated With Volunteering? Longitudinal Evidence from Europe
Studies have shown that retired older adults are more likely to volunteer than their working counterparts. However, whether the transition to retirement is associated with increased volunteering frequency and whether this varies according to material and time resources of participants is unclear. We used four waves of data from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, collected between 2011–2018 across 19 countries ( n …
Gender inequalities in social club participation in Europe: The role of women’s empowerment at the country level
This study examines gender inequalities in the degree of engagement in social clubs of older people and how women’s participation relates to their empowerment at the country level. Combined individual-level data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and country-level data from the Women’s Political Empowerment Index (WPEI) are used in analyzing 41,185 non-working individuals aged 65–84 across 19 countries. Multilevel …
Kinlessness at older ages: Prevalence and heterogeneity in 27 countries
Understanding the prevalence of kinless older adults is critical for policy-makers and healthcare providers to design appropriate support systems for this potentially vulnerable group of people
The partner in the plate: The association between changes in partnership status and protein consumption among older people in Europe
Experiencing a change in partnership status at older ages might have detrimental effects on an individual's habits, including eating behaviours. Prior studies presented evidence that widowhood is related to altered diets with a decrease in the amount of protein consumed, which is considered to be an important risk factor of frailty among older people. Using data from Waves 4–8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (N = 134,313)…
Prosocial activity in later life: Are informal help and care associated with volunteering and charity
Older adults' engagement in various prosocial activities is a salient question in present-day societies that aim to promote active ageing. However, there are only a few studies focusing on associations between several types of prosocial activities, and they have rarely considered help to relatives and friends separately. Moreover, there is lack of studies considering informal monetary help and charity donations when analysing multiple prosocial a…
Is Intending to Have Children Rightist? A Research Note on Political Ideology and Fertility Intentions
Social scientists have long been interested in how attitudes and values influence fertility intentions and behaviors. The role of political ideology has, on the contrary, been overlooked. Right-wing people tend to be more religious, to hold more traditional views on gender roles and on the importance of the family. Therefore, right-wing people may be more likely to hold positive fertility intentions that individuals with other political orientati…
Digital and other forms of contact between older European parents and children: The Role of Internet Use, Digital Skills, Emotional and Geographical Distance
Guided by the intergenerational solidarity model and leveraging rich data from the European Social Survey round 10 (2020–2022), we examine the role of internet use, digital skills, emotional and geographical distance in influencing various forms of contact between parents aged 60 or above and their children. Emotional closeness emerges as a universal driver of contact of all forms. Geographical proximity is positively associated with face-to-face…
Évolutions régionales des naissances pendant l'épidémie de Covid-19 en Allemagne, en Espagne, en France et en Italie: Le rôle des facteurs économiques et de la surmortalité
Les données recueillies au début de la pandémie de Covid-19 révèlent des effets contrastés sur le nombre de naissances en Europe. Cette note de recherche compare les tendances régionales du taux global de fécondité (TGF) avant et après le début de la pandémie dans les quatre pays européens les plus peuplés : l'Allemagne, l'Espagne, la France et l'Italie. Elle examine la relation entre l'évolution du TGF pendant la pandémie et différents facteurs …
A machine learning approach to determine the influence of specific health conditions on self-rated health across education groups
The same response to the self-rated health question may, in the case of women, represent different health profiles in terms of the health conditions that define it. As such, gendered health inequalities defined by education appear to be evident even in the process of evaluating one's own health status
Less Is (Often) More: Number of Children and Health Among Older Adults in 24 Countries
We observe a greater probability that more children are associated with poorer health in later life, especially for chronic conditions and depression. However, a universal global or regional pattern could not be identified. These findings raise new questions about how country contexts shape fertility and health
Non-standard family histories and wellbeing at older ages
Risk tolerance and fertility: Evidence from a lottery question in Italy
Objective This article offers a contribution to the fertility literature by considering the role of risk tolerance in the fertility decision‐making process. Background Despite a long tradition in fertility research emphasizing the great uncertainty underlying the decision to have children, the role of risk tolerance has been overlooked. Elaborating on previous theoretical approaches including those that have considered children as a “security” or…
Juggling Grandchild Care and Labor Force Participation: The Effect on Psychological Wellbeing of Older Women
Although it is well-known that care responsibilities are strongly gendered also in later life, the consequences for older women of juggling work and care responsibilities are understudied. This study contributes to fill this gap by focusing on the wellbeing implications for older European women of combining work and grandchild care. The role strain and role enhancement theories guide our theoretical predictions. While the former predicts a lower …
Motivations for changing fertility plans and behaviours during the Covid-19 pandemic in Italy
This study accounts for the heterogeneous consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on fertility plans and behaviours, by focusing on the motivations for suspended pre-Covid fertility plans and on those for new fertility plans that arose during the pandemic. We rely on unique data collected with a repeated cross-sectional survey conducted in April/May 2021 and October/November 2021 on a sample of young Italians (aged 18–34). We estimate a set of mult…
Changes in Grandparental Childcare During the Pandemic and Mental Health: Evidence From England
While measures to limit physical contact and shield older people were necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19, policymakers should acknowledge potential adverse consequences for mental health among grandparents who experienced changes in their roles as grandchild caregivers
Does grandparental child-care provision affect number, satisfaction and with whom leisure activities are done
This study investigates the impact of non-intensive and intensive supplementary grandparental child care on grandparents’ involvement in leisure activities. Three aspects of leisure activities are investigated: the number/frequency of activities, with whom they are carried out and the subjective satisfaction with them. Beside the possibility of a cumulation effect, the literature suggests that providing grandparental child care might compete with…
What Tears Couples Apart: A Machine Learning Analysis of Union Dissolution in Germany
This study contributes to the literature on union dissolution by adopting a machine learning (ML) approach, specifically Random Survival Forests (RSF). We used RSF to analyze data on 2,038 married or cohabiting couples who participated in the German Socio-Economic Panel Survey, and found that RSF had considerably better predictive accuracy than conventional regression models. The man's and the woman's life satisfaction and the woman's percentage …
The association between childlessness and voting turnout in 38 countries
This descriptive study aims to analyse the association between childlessness and voting turnout
How Do Changes in Gender Role Attitudes Towards Female Employment Influence Fertility? A Macro-Level Analysis
This study explores whether the diffusion of gender-equitable attitudes towards female employment is associated with fertility. We argue that any positive effect on fertility requires not only high levels of gender-equitable attitudes overall, but also attitude convergence between men and women. We analyse 27 countries using data from the World Values Surveys and European Values Studies. We find support for a U-shaped relationship between changes…
Comparing Life Satisfaction of Immigrants and Natives Across Europe: The Role of Social Contacts
Does Grandparenting Pay Off? The Effect of Child Care on Grandparents' Cognitive Functioning
The authors examined whether the provision of child care helps older adults maintain better cognitive functioning. Descriptive evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (n = 5,610 women and n = 4,760 men, ages 50-80) shows that intensively engaged grandparents have lower cognitive scores than the others. The authors show that this result is attributable to background characteristics and not to child care per se. Using an…
The impact of Covid-19 on fertility plans in Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom
This study offers a descriptive overview of changes in fertility plans during the COVID-19 crisis in a sample of the young population (18â 34) in Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The data were collected between 27 March and 7 April 202
Age Norms on Leaving Home: Multilevel Evidence from the European Social Survey
Young people leave the parental home at different ages, and differences exist both between and within societies. International comparisons have emphasised the importance of institutions, in particular the welfare regime, the educational system, and the labour market, as well as of long-standing cultural differences. Here we focus on subjective age norms (‘age deadlines’) for leaving home—a key determinant of actual behaviour. We analyse the data …
Corruption and Trust in the European Union and National Institutions: Changes over the Great Recession across European States
Does corruption influence trust in national institutions in the same way as trust in international institutions? Did this influence change over the economic crisis 2008? Using data from the European Social Survey, we examined the association between corruption and trust in national and European parliaments before and after the start of the Great Recession 2008. We found that over the Crisis, the effect of corruption on trust in national parliamen…
Patterns of grandparental child care across Europe: The role of the policy context and working mothers' need
Across Europe grandparents play very different roles. This paper studies to what extent grandparents' role as providers of child care relates to the country policy context, focusing on public child-care services and parental leave regulation, and to the availability of part-time jobs for women. We also explore whether mothers' needs to combine family and work differently influence the frequency of grandparental child care across countries. The an…
Grandparenting and mothers' labour force participation: A comparative analysis using the Generations and Gender Survey
It is well known that the provision of public childcare plays an important role for women labour force participation and its availability varies tremendously across countries. In many countries, informal childcare is also important and typically provided b
The Effect of Grandparental Support on Mothers’ Labour Market Participation: An Instrumental Variable Approach
Democracy and Political Trust Before and After the Great Recession 2008: The European Union and the United Nations
Who brings home the bacon? The influence of context on partners' contributions to the household income
Female-breadwinner families represent a relatively new phenomenon in Europe. Little is known about the determinants of this couple type, which sensibly diverts from the traditional economic superiority of men within the household
The Effect of Gender Policies on Fertility: The Moderating Role of Education and Normative Context
In this paper, we aim to assess the extent to which individual-level completed fertility varies across contexts characterized by policies supporting different gender division of labor models. We examine key labor market and care policies that shape gender relations in households and in the public domain. We also consider the role of gender norms, which can act as both a moderator and a confounding factor for policy effects. We hypothesize that, b…
Childlessness and Health Among Older Adults: Variation Across Five Outcomes and 20 Countries
We discuss these findings in light of the meaning of childlessness, as well as cross-national economic, social, and cultural contexts to provide suggestions for aging policy and future research
Becoming a Grandparent and Its Effect on Well-Being: The Role of Order of Transitions, Time, and Gender
Transitioning to grandparenthood per se does not affect well-being. More research is needed to further investigate if interpersonal relationships and changes in roles triggered by becoming a grandparent could help promote well-being in later life
Navigating between two cultures: Immigrants' gender attitudes toward working women
BACKGROUND: Gender attitudes toward women's employment are of particular importance because they positively influence gender-equal outcomes in the labor market. Our understanding of the mechanisms that promote egalitarian gender attitudes among immigrants, however, remains limited. OBJECTIVE: By studying first- and second-generation immigrants from multiple origins and living in different countries, this article seeks to explain under what condit…
The Role of Family Orientations in Shaping the Effect of Fertility on Subjective Well-being: A Propensity Score Matching Approach
This article investigates whether and how having a child impacts an individual's subjective well-being, while taking into account heterogeneity in family attitudes. People with different family orientations have different values, gender attitudes, preferences toward career and family, and expectations about how childbearing can affect their subjective well-being. These differences impact fertility decisions and the effect of parenthood on an indi…
Do Grandchildren Influence How Old You Feel
This study extends prior research by examining age and gender differences in factors associated with subjective age. The findings suggest that grandparenthood is central in shaping the personal experience of aging. Future studies should address the causality of the factors analyzed
What Tears Couples Apart: A Machine Learning Analysis of Union Dissolution in Germany
This study contributes to the literature on union dissolution by adopting a machine learning (ML) approach, specifically Random Survival Forests (RSF). We used RSF to analyze data on 2,038 married or cohabiting couples who participated in the German Socio-Economic Panel Survey, and found that RSF had considerably better predictive accuracy than conventional regression models. The man's and the woman's life satisfaction and the woman's percentage …
It Takes Two to Tango: Couples’ Happiness and Childbearing
Living Arrangements of Second-Generation Immigrants in Spain: A Cross-Classified Multilevel Analysis
Vitali A. and Arpino B. Living arrangements of second-generation immigrants in Spain: a cross-classified multilevel analysis, Regional Studies. This paper analyses the living arrangements of second-generation immigrants in Spain. Cross-classified multilevel models and micro-census data enable two sources of heterogeneity to be taken into account simultaneously: the country of origin and the province of residence, while considering all main immigr…
Forever young? An analysis of the factors influencing perceptions of ageing
Drawing on the revived literature on the subjective dimension of ageing, this paper investigates whether people aged 65+, usually defined as old, do actually feel old and which events they associate with feeling old. Logistic models are used on unique data from the 2013 survey called ‘I Do Not Want to Be Inactive’, conducted on individuals aged 65–74 in Italy (N = 828). It is found that a large proportion of respondents do not feel old at all. Th…
Is There a Rejuvenating Effect of (Grand)Childcare? A Longitudinal Study on German Data
We show for the first time that both grandchild care and childcare outside the grandparent-grandchild relationship are associated with a youthful subjective age for older people. However, these associations are likely due to selection effects, that is, unobserved characteristics of people that make them more likely to engage in childcare and are also associated with subjective age. Our results warn against causal interpretation of associations fo…
Gender inequality in intergenerational contact after parental separation in the digital era
ObjectiveThe goal of this brief report is to analyze parent-adult child contact frequency in intact and non-intact families by focusing on parent and child gender and the type of contact.BackgroundParental separation increases gender differences in parent-child relationships, with separated fathers having less frequent contact with their adult children compared to separated mothers. We investigate whether the father-mother gap in post-separation …
Kinlessness at older ages: Prevalence and heterogeneity in 27 countries
Understanding the prevalence of kinless older adults is critical for policy-makers and healthcare providers to design appropriate support systems for this potentially vulnerable group of people
Is Intending to Have Children Rightist? A Research Note on Political Ideology and Fertility Intentions
Social scientists have long been interested in how attitudes and values influence fertility intentions and behaviors. The role of political ideology has, on the contrary, been overlooked. Right-wing people tend to be more religious, to hold more traditional views on gender roles and on the importance of the family. Therefore, right-wing people may be more likely to hold positive fertility intentions that individuals with other political orientati…
Grandparenting and mothers' labour force participation: A comparative analysis using the Generations and Gender Survey
It is well known that the provision of public childcare plays an important role for women labour force participation and its availability varies tremendously across countries. In many countries, informal childcare is also important and typically provided b
Living Arrangements of Second-Generation Immigrants in Spain: A Cross-Classified Multilevel Analysis
Vitali A. and Arpino B. Living arrangements of second-generation immigrants in Spain: a cross-classified multilevel analysis, Regional Studies. This paper analyses the living arrangements of second-generation immigrants in Spain. Cross-classified multilevel models and micro-census data enable two sources of heterogeneity to be taken into account simultaneously: the country of origin and the province of residence, while considering all main immigr…
Age Norms on Leaving Home: Multilevel Evidence from the European Social Survey
Young people leave the parental home at different ages, and differences exist both between and within societies. International comparisons have emphasised the importance of institutions, in particular the welfare regime, the educational system, and the labour market, as well as of long-standing cultural differences. Here we focus on subjective age norms (‘age deadlines’) for leaving home—a key determinant of actual behaviour. We analyse the data …
The Effect of Grandparental Support on Mothers’ Labour Market Participation: An Instrumental Variable Approach
Does Grandparenting Pay Off? The Effect of Child Care on Grandparents' Cognitive Functioning
The authors examined whether the provision of child care helps older adults maintain better cognitive functioning. Descriptive evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (n = 5,610 women and n = 4,760 men, ages 50-80) shows that intensively engaged grandparents have lower cognitive scores than the others. The authors show that this result is attributable to background characteristics and not to child care per se. Using an…
Do Grandchildren Influence How Old You Feel
This study extends prior research by examining age and gender differences in factors associated with subjective age. The findings suggest that grandparenthood is central in shaping the personal experience of aging. Future studies should address the causality of the factors analyzed
How Do Changes in Gender Role Attitudes Towards Female Employment Influence Fertility? A Macro-Level Analysis
This study explores whether the diffusion of gender-equitable attitudes towards female employment is associated with fertility. We argue that any positive effect on fertility requires not only high levels of gender-equitable attitudes overall, but also attitude convergence between men and women. We analyse 27 countries using data from the World Values Surveys and European Values Studies. We find support for a U-shaped relationship between changes…
Matching Pre-Processing of Split-Ballot Survey Data for the Analysis of Double Standards
Split-ballot data are often used to study double standards. The key problem of this design is that individual double standards cannot be identified. I propose a simple two-step approach based on a matching pre-processing of the data to estimate individual double standards. Once this preliminary first step is completed, any statistical technique (e.g., regression models) can be applied on the new data. I apply the method to gender double standards…
The Effect of Gender Policies on Fertility: The Moderating Role of Education and Normative Context
In this paper, we aim to assess the extent to which individual-level completed fertility varies across contexts characterized by policies supporting different gender division of labor models. We examine key labor market and care policies that shape gender relations in households and in the public domain. We also consider the role of gender norms, which can act as both a moderator and a confounding factor for policy effects. We hypothesize that, b…
It Takes Two to Tango: Couples’ Happiness and Childbearing
The Role of Family Orientations in Shaping the Effect of Fertility on Subjective Well-being: A Propensity Score Matching Approach
This article investigates whether and how having a child impacts an individual's subjective well-being, while taking into account heterogeneity in family attitudes. People with different family orientations have different values, gender attitudes, preferences toward career and family, and expectations about how childbearing can affect their subjective well-being. These differences impact fertility decisions and the effect of parenthood on an indi…
Who brings home the bacon? The influence of context on partners' contributions to the household income
Female-breadwinner families represent a relatively new phenomenon in Europe. Little is known about the determinants of this couple type, which sensibly diverts from the traditional economic superiority of men within the household
Education Inequalities in Health Among Older European Men and Women: The Role of Active Aging
Policies devoted at stimulating an active participation in society among older people should be particularly focused on lower educated groups
Patterns of grandparental child care across Europe: The role of the policy context and working mothers' need
Across Europe grandparents play very different roles. This paper studies to what extent grandparents' role as providers of child care relates to the country policy context, focusing on public child-care services and parental leave regulation, and to the availability of part-time jobs for women. We also explore whether mothers' needs to combine family and work differently influence the frequency of grandparental child care across countries. The an…
Comparing Life Satisfaction of Immigrants and Natives Across Europe: The Role of Social Contacts
Corruption and Trust in the European Union and National Institutions: Changes over the Great Recession across European States
Does corruption influence trust in national institutions in the same way as trust in international institutions? Did this influence change over the economic crisis 2008? Using data from the European Social Survey, we examined the association between corruption and trust in national and European parliaments before and after the start of the Great Recession 2008. We found that over the Crisis, the effect of corruption on trust in national parliamen…
Navigating between two cultures: Immigrants' gender attitudes toward working women
BACKGROUND: Gender attitudes toward women's employment are of particular importance because they positively influence gender-equal outcomes in the labor market. Our understanding of the mechanisms that promote egalitarian gender attitudes among immigrants, however, remains limited. OBJECTIVE: By studying first- and second-generation immigrants from multiple origins and living in different countries, this article seeks to explain under what condit…
Family histories and the demography of grandparenthood
Grandparenthood is an important phase of life for many individuals, and the grandparent role has consequences on younger generations and grandparents themselves
Examining social determinants of health: The role of education, household arrangements and country groups by gender
Health differences in European populations seem to be defined, first, by education and, second, by living or not living with a partner. Additionally, different social contexts (gender inequalities, educational profile, etc.) in European countries change the influences on health of both the SDHs for both women and men
Childlessness and Health Among Older Adults: Variation Across Five Outcomes and 20 Countries
We discuss these findings in light of the meaning of childlessness, as well as cross-national economic, social, and cultural contexts to provide suggestions for aging policy and future research
Becoming a Grandparent and Its Effect on Well-Being: The Role of Order of Transitions, Time, and Gender
Transitioning to grandparenthood per se does not affect well-being. More research is needed to further investigate if interpersonal relationships and changes in roles triggered by becoming a grandparent could help promote well-being in later life
Democracy and Political Trust Before and After the Great Recession 2008: The European Union and the United Nations
The Role of Fertility in the Demography of Grandparenthood: Evidence from Italy
Grandparents play an important role in their family’s lives. However, little is known about the demography of grandparenthood. Given dramatic recent changes in fertility, we explore the role of number of children and age at first birth in the timing of the transition into grandparenthood focusing on Italy, a country with well-known North-South fertility differentials. We used data from the 2009 Italian Survey ‘Family and Social Relations’ ( N = 1…
Forever young? An analysis of the factors influencing perceptions of ageing
Drawing on the revived literature on the subjective dimension of ageing, this paper investigates whether people aged 65+, usually defined as old, do actually feel old and which events they associate with feeling old. Logistic models are used on unique data from the 2013 survey called ‘I Do Not Want to Be Inactive’, conducted on individuals aged 65–74 in Italy (N = 828). It is found that a large proportion of respondents do not feel old at all. Th…
The impact of Covid-19 on fertility plans in Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom
This study offers a descriptive overview of changes in fertility plans during the COVID-19 crisis in a sample of the young population (18â 34) in Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The data were collected between 27 March and 7 April 202
Psychology (40 works) · Sociology (34 works) · Medicine (31 works) · Economics (30 works) · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving (30 works) · Demography (26 works) · Gerontology (23 works) · Demographic economics (22 works) · Political science (22 works) · Family Dynamics and Relationships (21 works)