Neal L Oden
Biographic Data
| ID | 129835 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Neal L Oden |
| GIVEN NAMES | Neal L |
| FAMILY NAME | Oden |
| SIGNATURE | ODEN N L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Emmes (United States) |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3432-6821 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 94 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Historical Population Movements in Europe Influence Genetic Relationships in Modern Samples
We have newly constructed an ethnohistorical database consisting of 3460 records of ethnic locations and movements in Europe since 2200 B.C. Using this database, we computed vectors of proportions that peoples speaking various language families contributed to the gene pools of 2216 1 degree x 1 degree land-based quadrats of Europe. From these vectors we computed ethnohistorical distances as arc distances between all pairs of quadrats. We used the…
Historical Population Movements in Europe Influence Genetic Relationships in Modern Samples
We have newly constructed an ethnohistorical database consisting of 3460 records of ethnic locations and movements in Europe since 2200 B.C. Using this database, we computed vectors of proportions that peoples speaking various language families contributed to the gene pools of 2216 1° × 1° land-based quadrats of Europe. From these vectors we computed ethnohistorical distances as arc distances between all pairs of quadrats. We used these distances…
A Problem with Synthetic Maps
Synthetic maps of human gene frequencies, which are maps of principal component scores based on correlation of interpolated surfaces, have been popularized widely by L. Cavalli-Sforza, P. Menozzi, and A. Piazza. Such maps are used to make ethnohistorical inferences or to support various demographic or historical hypotheses. We show from first principles and by analyses of real and simulated data that synthetic maps are subject to large errors and…
A new protocol for evaluating putative causes for multiple variables in a spatial setting, illustrated by its application to European cancer rates
We introduce a statistical protocol for analyzing spatially varying data, including putative explanatory variables. The procedures comprise preliminary spatial autocorrelation analysis (from an earlier study), path analysis, clustering of the resulting set of path diagrams, ordination of these diagrams, and confirmatory tests against extrinsic information. To illustrate the application of these methods, we present incidence and mortality rates of…
The patterns of historical population movements in Europe and some of their genetic consequences
Population movements of 891 ethnic units in Europe over the past 4,200 years, and the correlations of these movements with modern genetic distances were investigated on a one-degree-square grid of the continent. There is significant spatial pattern in movements from sources, to targets, and overall. Patterns change significantly over time. Patterns of sources and targets differ significantly. Modern movements are more numerous than ancient moveme…
Using distance matrices to choose between competing theories and an application to the origin of modern humans
Indo‐European origins
Allele frequency distributions were generated by computer simulation of five models of microevolution in European populations. Genetic distances calculated from these distributions were compared with observed genetic distances among Indo‐European speakers. The simulated models differ in complexity, but all incorporate random genetic drift and short‐range gene flow (isolation by distance). The best correlations between observed and simulated data …
Genetic relationships of European populations reflect their ethnohistorical affinities
From 420 records of ethnic locations and movements since 2000 B. C., we computed vectors describing the proportions which peoples of the various European language families contributed to the gene pools within 85 land‐based 5 × 5‐degree quadrats in Europe. Using these language family vectors, we computed ethnohistorical affinities as arc distances between all pairs of the 85 quadrats. These affinities are significantly correlated with genetic dist…
Spatial autocorrelation invalidates the Dow‐Cheverud test
Dow and Cheverud (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 68:367–373, 1985) have published a statistical test for comparing any three similarity matrices. Using both simulations and analytical arguments, I establish that the presence of spatial autocorrelation, a common feature of geographically based anthropological and biological data, causes this test to reject too often. Increasing the spatial autocorrelation increases the spurious rejection rate. About 20% …
Genetic evidence for the spread of agriculture in Europe by demic diffusion
Genetic differences among language families in Europe
We investigated whether 59 allele frequencies and 10 cranial variables differed among speakers of the 12 modern language families in Europe. Although this is a classical analysis of variance design, special techniques had to be developed for the analysis because of spatial autocorrelation of both biological and language data. The method examines pooled sums of squares within language families. These are compared with the same quantities obtained …
Spatial patterns of human gene frequencies in Europe
The aims of this study of spatial patterns of human gene frequencies in Europe are twofold. One is to present new methodology developed for the analysis of such data. The other is to report on the diversity of spatial patterns observed in Europe and their interpretation as evidence of population processes. Spatial variation in 59 allele and haplotype frequencies (26 genetic systems) for polymorphisms in blood antigens, enzymes, and proteins is an…
Genetic changes across language boundaries in Europe
By means of three different methods we investigated whether 59 allele frequencies and ten cranial variables show increased change at 29 language‐family boundaries in Europe. The quadrat‐variance method compares variances of map quadrats crossed by language‐family boundaries to variances of quadrats that are not crossed. The rate‐of‐change method examines the directional derivative of surfaces of the variables perpendicular to a language‐family bo…
Spatial autocorrelation of ABO serotypes in mediaeval cemeteries as an indicator of ethnic and familial structure
Indo‐European origins
Allele frequency distributions were generated by computer simulation of five models of microevolution in European populations. Genetic distances calculated from these distributions were compared with observed genetic distances among Indo‐European speakers. The simulated models differ in complexity, but all incorporate random genetic drift and short‐range gene flow (isolation by distance). The best correlations between observed and simulated data …
Spatial patterns of human gene frequencies in Europe
The aims of this study of spatial patterns of human gene frequencies in Europe are twofold. One is to present new methodology developed for the analysis of such data. The other is to report on the diversity of spatial patterns observed in Europe and their interpretation as evidence of population processes. Spatial variation in 59 allele and haplotype frequencies (26 genetic systems) for polymorphisms in blood antigens, enzymes, and proteins is an…
Genetic changes across language boundaries in Europe
By means of three different methods we investigated whether 59 allele frequencies and ten cranial variables show increased change at 29 language‐family boundaries in Europe. The quadrat‐variance method compares variances of map quadrats crossed by language‐family boundaries to variances of quadrats that are not crossed. The rate‐of‐change method examines the directional derivative of surfaces of the variables perpendicular to a language‐family bo…
A Problem with Synthetic Maps
Synthetic maps of human gene frequencies, which are maps of principal component scores based on correlation of interpolated surfaces, have been popularized widely by L. Cavalli-Sforza, P. Menozzi, and A. Piazza. Such maps are used to make ethnohistorical inferences or to support various demographic or historical hypotheses. We show from first principles and by analyses of real and simulated data that synthetic maps are subject to large errors and…
Genetic differences among language families in Europe
We investigated whether 59 allele frequencies and 10 cranial variables differed among speakers of the 12 modern language families in Europe. Although this is a classical analysis of variance design, special techniques had to be developed for the analysis because of spatial autocorrelation of both biological and language data. The method examines pooled sums of squares within language families. These are compared with the same quantities obtained …
Genetic relationships of European populations reflect their ethnohistorical affinities
From 420 records of ethnic locations and movements since 2000 B. C., we computed vectors describing the proportions which peoples of the various European language families contributed to the gene pools within 85 land‐based 5 × 5‐degree quadrats in Europe. Using these language family vectors, we computed ethnohistorical affinities as arc distances between all pairs of the 85 quadrats. These affinities are significantly correlated with genetic dist…
Using distance matrices to choose between competing theories and an application to the origin of modern humans
Spatial autocorrelation invalidates the Dow‐Cheverud test
Dow and Cheverud (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 68:367–373, 1985) have published a statistical test for comparing any three similarity matrices. Using both simulations and analytical arguments, I establish that the presence of spatial autocorrelation, a common feature of geographically based anthropological and biological data, causes this test to reject too often. Increasing the spatial autocorrelation increases the spurious rejection rate. About 20% …
Spatial autocorrelation of ABO serotypes in mediaeval cemeteries as an indicator of ethnic and familial structure
Spatial autocorrelation of ABO serotypes in mediaeval cemeteries as an indicator of ethnic and familial structure
Genetic changes across language boundaries in Europe
By means of three different methods we investigated whether 59 allele frequencies and ten cranial variables show increased change at 29 language‐family boundaries in Europe. The quadrat‐variance method compares variances of map quadrats crossed by language‐family boundaries to variances of quadrats that are not crossed. The rate‐of‐change method examines the directional derivative of surfaces of the variables perpendicular to a language‐family bo…
Genetic differences among language families in Europe
We investigated whether 59 allele frequencies and 10 cranial variables differed among speakers of the 12 modern language families in Europe. Although this is a classical analysis of variance design, special techniques had to be developed for the analysis because of spatial autocorrelation of both biological and language data. The method examines pooled sums of squares within language families. These are compared with the same quantities obtained …
Spatial patterns of human gene frequencies in Europe
The aims of this study of spatial patterns of human gene frequencies in Europe are twofold. One is to present new methodology developed for the analysis of such data. The other is to report on the diversity of spatial patterns observed in Europe and their interpretation as evidence of population processes. Spatial variation in 59 allele and haplotype frequencies (26 genetic systems) for polymorphisms in blood antigens, enzymes, and proteins is an…
Genetic evidence for the spread of agriculture in Europe by demic diffusion
Spatial autocorrelation invalidates the Dow‐Cheverud test
Dow and Cheverud (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 68:367–373, 1985) have published a statistical test for comparing any three similarity matrices. Using both simulations and analytical arguments, I establish that the presence of spatial autocorrelation, a common feature of geographically based anthropological and biological data, causes this test to reject too often. Increasing the spatial autocorrelation increases the spurious rejection rate. About 20% …
Genetic relationships of European populations reflect their ethnohistorical affinities
From 420 records of ethnic locations and movements since 2000 B. C., we computed vectors describing the proportions which peoples of the various European language families contributed to the gene pools within 85 land‐based 5 × 5‐degree quadrats in Europe. Using these language family vectors, we computed ethnohistorical affinities as arc distances between all pairs of the 85 quadrats. These affinities are significantly correlated with genetic dist…
Indo‐European origins
Allele frequency distributions were generated by computer simulation of five models of microevolution in European populations. Genetic distances calculated from these distributions were compared with observed genetic distances among Indo‐European speakers. The simulated models differ in complexity, but all incorporate random genetic drift and short‐range gene flow (isolation by distance). The best correlations between observed and simulated data …
The patterns of historical population movements in Europe and some of their genetic consequences
Population movements of 891 ethnic units in Europe over the past 4,200 years, and the correlations of these movements with modern genetic distances were investigated on a one-degree-square grid of the continent. There is significant spatial pattern in movements from sources, to targets, and overall. Patterns change significantly over time. Patterns of sources and targets differ significantly. Modern movements are more numerous than ancient moveme…
Using distance matrices to choose between competing theories and an application to the origin of modern humans
A new protocol for evaluating putative causes for multiple variables in a spatial setting, illustrated by its application to European cancer rates
We introduce a statistical protocol for analyzing spatially varying data, including putative explanatory variables. The procedures comprise preliminary spatial autocorrelation analysis (from an earlier study), path analysis, clustering of the resulting set of path diagrams, ordination of these diagrams, and confirmatory tests against extrinsic information. To illustrate the application of these methods, we present incidence and mortality rates of…
Historical Population Movements in Europe Influence Genetic Relationships in Modern Samples
We have newly constructed an ethnohistorical database consisting of 3460 records of ethnic locations and movements in Europe since 2200 B.C. Using this database, we computed vectors of proportions that peoples speaking various language families contributed to the gene pools of 2216 1 degree x 1 degree land-based quadrats of Europe. From these vectors we computed ethnohistorical distances as arc distances between all pairs of quadrats. We used the…
Historical Population Movements in Europe Influence Genetic Relationships in Modern Samples
We have newly constructed an ethnohistorical database consisting of 3460 records of ethnic locations and movements in Europe since 2200 B.C. Using this database, we computed vectors of proportions that peoples speaking various language families contributed to the gene pools of 2216 1° × 1° land-based quadrats of Europe. From these vectors we computed ethnohistorical distances as arc distances between all pairs of quadrats. We used these distances…
A Problem with Synthetic Maps
Synthetic maps of human gene frequencies, which are maps of principal component scores based on correlation of interpolated surfaces, have been popularized widely by L. Cavalli-Sforza, P. Menozzi, and A. Piazza. Such maps are used to make ethnohistorical inferences or to support various demographic or historical hypotheses. We show from first principles and by analyses of real and simulated data that synthetic maps are subject to large errors and…
Geography (11 works) · Biology (9 works) · Demography (9 works) · Population (9 works) · Genetic diversity and population structure (8 works) · Archaeology (7 works) · Forensic and Genetic Research (7 works) · Sociology (6 works) · History (5 works) · Anthropology (4 works)