Luis De La Calle
Biographic Data
| ID | 131667 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Luis De La Calle |
| GIVEN NAMES | Luis |
| FAMILY NAME | De La Calle |
| SIGNATURE | DE LA CALLE L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2099-4746 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 246 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Operationalizing Terrorism as Makeshift Bombs: The User’s Guide
There are different ways to operationalise terrorism. I recommend in this article the use of “makeshift bombs” as the best strategy to empirically measure terrorism; bombs are routinely collected in large datasets such as GTD, and their use avoids the conceptual traps of operationalizations based on targeting (civilian vs combatant victims) and strategy (coercion vs other goals). With data from two different datasets (BAAD2 and GTD), I show that …
Fighting collective threats: Socialist revolutions and the management of the Covid-19 pandemic
I investigate why some countries were more successful in containing the death toll than others during the COVID-19 pandemic. I focus on the role of socialism and on the existence of long-term regime-driven legacies that may have had an impact on the containment of COVID-related deaths. I claim that countries that went through successful socialist revolutions have specific features that equip them with better resources to cope with public challeng…
Underground Violence: On the Nature of Terrorism
Why is terrorism such a slippery concept? Unlike other concepts employed in studies of conflict, terrorism is particularly hard to pin down. Can terrorism be equated with civilian victimization? Is it a refined form of coercive violence, based on the spread of terror? Despite the endless terminological debate, there is an underlying logic in the way in which we speak about terrorism. This book is aimed at uncovering this logic, providing a system…
Voting without ideology. Evidence from Spain (1979-2008)
Although non-ideological voters make up a considerable share of the electorate, the literature has systematically overlooked their voting behaviour. Using Spanish electoral data from the 1979-2008 electoral period, we seek to identify the alternative cues ?in the absence of ideology? these voters may use when casting their ballot. We do not find that evaluations of the incumbent?s performance have a greater influence on non-ideological voters, as…
When rebels lose: The impact of civil war legacies on contemporary electoral outcomes in Peru, 2011-2021
Existing research on the electoral legacies of civil wars lacks a comprehensive understanding of the conditions under which certain expectations are valid. To bridge this gap, I explore the impact of Peru's civil war in the 1980s on contemporary electoral outcomes. Peru represents a case where the rebels were defeated by the Fujimori government, despite being responsible for a larger share of the violence. Using a unique dataset at the district l…
The Legacy of Civil War Dynamics: State Building in Mexico, 1810–1910
This article studies the legacy of local dynamics of the War of Independence in local state building in Mexico. The analysis shows that municipalities where local militias were organized have a higher number of public servants and a larger budget per capita in the early 1900s than municipalities with an insurgent legacy, relative to those with no conflict. The results hold when restricting the sample to neighbors and controlling for geographic an…
Legados de la guerra de Independencia y la Revolución sobre la violencia criminal en México
Este trabajo se enfoca en las conexiones históricas de la violencia criminal contemporánea en México. Investiga si la guerra de independencia y la revolución muestran alguna línea de continuidad con la actual oleada de violencia criminal. Encontramos que la violencia criminal se concentra principalmente en municipios que tuvieron presencia rebelde durante el periodo revolucionario. Además, los municipios en los que se crearon milicias realistas d…
Borrón sin cuenta nueva? La injusticia transicional en guerras civiles económicas
Ante la persistencia de la violencia criminal organizada en México, se ha discutido la posibilidad de superarla usando medidas de justicia transicional. ¿Qué tan viable sería su aplicación? Tratamos de responder a esta pregunta en dos pasos. Primero, trazamos un mapa conceptual de la violencia societal organizada que nos permite identificar la llamada narcoviolencia como una guerra civil económica y distinguirla de las guerras civiles políticas. …
Response to Kristin M. Bakke's review of Nationalist Violence in Postwar Europe
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Withdrawn: Economic sanctions and the dynamics of terrorist campaigns 1
Compliance vs. constraints: A theory of rebel targeting in civil war
This article offers a theory of rebel targeting in civil war. Rebels face two logics of targeting: the logic of compliance in areas where they are fighting for territory, and the logic of legitimacy in areas where they remain clandestine. The first boosts civilian targeting because rebels use it as a way to discipline local populations. The second moderates it because unqualified civilian killings could prompt rebels’ supporters to turn against t…
Economic sanctions and the dynamics of terrorist campaigns
Although states rarely use economic sanctions specifically to combat transnational terrorism, potential targets of sanctions often face terrorist campaigns within their territory. States may avoid using sanctions against states with terrorists for fear of weakening target states excessively, thereby indirectly strengthening terrorist groups. However, this argument has not been subjected to rigorous empirical testing. This study presents a theoret…
Economic Sanctions, Transnational Terrorism, and the Incentive to Misrepresent
Can economic sanctions combat transnational terrorism effectively? Policymakers argue that sanctions can deter state sponsorship, but are counterproductive against hosts of transnational terrorists. However, recent cases indicate that governments are often uncertain if foreign states are truly sponsors versus hosts, and cannot perfectly determine the type of foreign support terrorists are receiving. We argue that this uncertainty, coupled with th…
How Armed Groups Fight: Territorial Control and Violent Tactics
This article analyzes the choice of tactics by armed groups. We claim this choice is largely determined by the capacity of the rebel groups to control territory. Groups that are not able to liberate territory remain underground and have to rely mainly on bombings. Groups with territorial control engage in guerrilla-like attacks in which there is a physical encounter with the enemy. This conjecture is tested and largely confirmed at three levels: …
Two Nations Indivisible. Mexico, the United States and the Road Ahead
Two Nations Indivisible. Mexico, the United States and the Road Ahead
Killing and Voting in the Basque Country: An Exploration of the Electoral Link Between ETA and its Political Branch
We deal in this article with the relationship between ETA attacks and electoral support for Batasuna, its political wing. We show that the relationship is twofold, since the geographical distribution of electoral support for the terrorists affects the location of ETA attacks, but violence also influences electoral support for the terrorist cause. On the one hand, when ETA chooses a location for its attacks, it takes into account the electoral str…
How Do Spanish Independents Vote? Ideology vs. Performance
We claim that independent voters use performance as their main heuristic: if the incumbent fares well, independents reward it; if it fares poorly, they switch to the main opposition party. To make the switch easier, independents place themselves in the centre of the ideological dimension. Using Spanish data, our results confirm that independents rely more on performance than partisan voters, net of ideological proximity. Two implications also hol…
Rebels without a Territory: An Analysis of Nonterritorial Conflicts in the World, 1970–1997
The large- n literature on political violence has paid little attention to the distinction between insurgencies that control territory and those that do not. Territorial control has consequences for the lethality of the group, its pattern of recruitment and bargaining power. The main determinant of territorial control, we argue, is state capacity: while territorial insurgencies are more frequent in poor countries, nonterritorial ones tend to occu…
The quantity and quality of terrorism: The DTV dataset
This article presents a dataset of fatalities of domestic terrorism in Western European countries for the period 1965-2005. The Domestic Terrorism Victims (DTV) dataset, unlike others such as TWEED or GTD1, is based on local sources in each country and, consequently, it registers a higher number of killings. Measurement of the quantity of terrorism is therefore more accurate. The unit of observation is the fatality, not the attack, although the d…
What We Talk About When We Talk About Terrorism
There is no consensus in the literature about the nature of terrorism. The authors' main claim is that this is ultimately the result of the coexistence of two senses of the term, the action and the actor sense, which are not fully congruent. Rather than trying to advocate a specific conceptualization, the authors provide in this article a map of the different ways in which scholars talk about terrorism. They identify first the set of terrorist ac…
Making Nationalists out of Frenchmen: Substate Nationalism in Corsica
This article analyzes the electoral performance of the nationalist movement in Corsica. First, we ran an ecological analysis of a new dataset, including observations from all Corsican towns for all regional elections from 1992 to 2004. Second, we complemented the ecological findings with individual-level data. Our results show that the classical combination of economic-based and identity factors that account well for nationalist voting is conditi…
The End of Three Decades of Nationalist Rule: The 2009 Regional Elections in the Basque Country
Regional elections in the Basque Country on 1 March 2009 put an end to three decades of nationalist rule by the PNV. Although the PNV won the elections, the nationalist forces did not get a majority of seats in the Basque Parliament. A new minority government, led by the Socialist party, has been formed with the parliamentary support of the Spanish conservative party. This article analyses these crucial elections, the electoral changes that have …
Domestic Terrorism: The Hidden Side of Political Violence
This article reviews the literature on the onset and dynamics of domestic terrorism, with special emphasis on the interactions between terrorist organizations, the state, and society. Because this literature has often been based on case studies, we seek to impose some structure to its findings. We challenge the distinction between domestic and international terrorism, which truncates the sample of violence, and we show that the actor-sense of ter…
Is there more assimilation in Catalonia than in the Basque Country? Analysing dynamics of assimilation in nationalist contexts
This article builds on recent attempts in political science to illuminate the ‘micro‐level’ mechanisms of identity formation. It analyses the dynamics of assimilation in two similar contexts with extremely salient regional‐nationalist movements: Catalonia and the Basque Country. It poses the question: In which of the two regions has there been more assimilation of demographically significant, internal‐immigrant segments of the population? It test…
Domestic Terrorism: The Hidden Side of Political Violence
This article reviews the literature on the onset and dynamics of domestic terrorism, with special emphasis on the interactions between terrorist organizations, the state, and society. Because this literature has often been based on case studies, we seek to impose some structure to its findings. We challenge the distinction between domestic and international terrorism, which truncates the sample of violence, and we show that the actor-sense of ter…
Rebels without a Territory: An Analysis of Nonterritorial Conflicts in the World, 1970–1997
The large- n literature on political violence has paid little attention to the distinction between insurgencies that control territory and those that do not. Territorial control has consequences for the lethality of the group, its pattern of recruitment and bargaining power. The main determinant of territorial control, we argue, is state capacity: while territorial insurgencies are more frequent in poor countries, nonterritorial ones tend to occu…
Compliance vs. constraints: A theory of rebel targeting in civil war
This article offers a theory of rebel targeting in civil war. Rebels face two logics of targeting: the logic of compliance in areas where they are fighting for territory, and the logic of legitimacy in areas where they remain clandestine. The first boosts civilian targeting because rebels use it as a way to discipline local populations. The second moderates it because unqualified civilian killings could prompt rebels’ supporters to turn against t…
How Armed Groups Fight: Territorial Control and Violent Tactics
This article analyzes the choice of tactics by armed groups. We claim this choice is largely determined by the capacity of the rebel groups to control territory. Groups that are not able to liberate territory remain underground and have to rely mainly on bombings. Groups with territorial control engage in guerrilla-like attacks in which there is a physical encounter with the enemy. This conjecture is tested and largely confirmed at three levels: …
What We Talk About When We Talk About Terrorism
There is no consensus in the literature about the nature of terrorism. The authors' main claim is that this is ultimately the result of the coexistence of two senses of the term, the action and the actor sense, which are not fully congruent. Rather than trying to advocate a specific conceptualization, the authors provide in this article a map of the different ways in which scholars talk about terrorism. They identify first the set of terrorist ac…
Is there more assimilation in Catalonia than in the Basque Country? Analysing dynamics of assimilation in nationalist contexts
This article builds on recent attempts in political science to illuminate the ‘micro‐level’ mechanisms of identity formation. It analyses the dynamics of assimilation in two similar contexts with extremely salient regional‐nationalist movements: Catalonia and the Basque Country. It poses the question: In which of the two regions has there been more assimilation of demographically significant, internal‐immigrant segments of the population? It test…
Economic sanctions and the dynamics of terrorist campaigns
Although states rarely use economic sanctions specifically to combat transnational terrorism, potential targets of sanctions often face terrorist campaigns within their territory. States may avoid using sanctions against states with terrorists for fear of weakening target states excessively, thereby indirectly strengthening terrorist groups. However, this argument has not been subjected to rigorous empirical testing. This study presents a theoret…
Making Nationalists out of Frenchmen: Substate Nationalism in Corsica
This article analyzes the electoral performance of the nationalist movement in Corsica. First, we ran an ecological analysis of a new dataset, including observations from all Corsican towns for all regional elections from 1992 to 2004. Second, we complemented the ecological findings with individual-level data. Our results show that the classical combination of economic-based and identity factors that account well for nationalist voting is conditi…
Killing and Voting in the Basque Country: An Exploration of the Electoral Link Between ETA and its Political Branch
We deal in this article with the relationship between ETA attacks and electoral support for Batasuna, its political wing. We show that the relationship is twofold, since the geographical distribution of electoral support for the terrorists affects the location of ETA attacks, but violence also influences electoral support for the terrorist cause. On the one hand, when ETA chooses a location for its attacks, it takes into account the electoral str…
The quantity and quality of terrorism: The DTV dataset
This article presents a dataset of fatalities of domestic terrorism in Western European countries for the period 1965-2005. The Domestic Terrorism Victims (DTV) dataset, unlike others such as TWEED or GTD1, is based on local sources in each country and, consequently, it registers a higher number of killings. Measurement of the quantity of terrorism is therefore more accurate. The unit of observation is the fatality, not the attack, although the d…
The End of Three Decades of Nationalist Rule: The 2009 Regional Elections in the Basque Country
Regional elections in the Basque Country on 1 March 2009 put an end to three decades of nationalist rule by the PNV. Although the PNV won the elections, the nationalist forces did not get a majority of seats in the Basque Parliament. A new minority government, led by the Socialist party, has been formed with the parliamentary support of the Spanish conservative party. This article analyses these crucial elections, the electoral changes that have …
Economic Sanctions, Transnational Terrorism, and the Incentive to Misrepresent
Can economic sanctions combat transnational terrorism effectively? Policymakers argue that sanctions can deter state sponsorship, but are counterproductive against hosts of transnational terrorists. However, recent cases indicate that governments are often uncertain if foreign states are truly sponsors versus hosts, and cannot perfectly determine the type of foreign support terrorists are receiving. We argue that this uncertainty, coupled with th…
How Do Spanish Independents Vote? Ideology vs. Performance
We claim that independent voters use performance as their main heuristic: if the incumbent fares well, independents reward it; if it fares poorly, they switch to the main opposition party. To make the switch easier, independents place themselves in the centre of the ideological dimension. Using Spanish data, our results confirm that independents rely more on performance than partisan voters, net of ideological proximity. Two implications also hol…
When rebels lose: The impact of civil war legacies on contemporary electoral outcomes in Peru, 2011-2021
Existing research on the electoral legacies of civil wars lacks a comprehensive understanding of the conditions under which certain expectations are valid. To bridge this gap, I explore the impact of Peru's civil war in the 1980s on contemporary electoral outcomes. Peru represents a case where the rebels were defeated by the Fujimori government, despite being responsible for a larger share of the violence. Using a unique dataset at the district l…
Borrón sin cuenta nueva? La injusticia transicional en guerras civiles económicas
Ante la persistencia de la violencia criminal organizada en México, se ha discutido la posibilidad de superarla usando medidas de justicia transicional. ¿Qué tan viable sería su aplicación? Tratamos de responder a esta pregunta en dos pasos. Primero, trazamos un mapa conceptual de la violencia societal organizada que nos permite identificar la llamada narcoviolencia como una guerra civil económica y distinguirla de las guerras civiles políticas. …
Is there more assimilation in Catalonia than in the Basque Country? Analysing dynamics of assimilation in nationalist contexts
This article builds on recent attempts in political science to illuminate the ‘micro‐level’ mechanisms of identity formation. It analyses the dynamics of assimilation in two similar contexts with extremely salient regional‐nationalist movements: Catalonia and the Basque Country. It poses the question: In which of the two regions has there been more assimilation of demographically significant, internal‐immigrant segments of the population? It test…
The End of Three Decades of Nationalist Rule: The 2009 Regional Elections in the Basque Country
Regional elections in the Basque Country on 1 March 2009 put an end to three decades of nationalist rule by the PNV. Although the PNV won the elections, the nationalist forces did not get a majority of seats in the Basque Parliament. A new minority government, led by the Socialist party, has been formed with the parliamentary support of the Spanish conservative party. This article analyses these crucial elections, the electoral changes that have …
Domestic Terrorism: The Hidden Side of Political Violence
This article reviews the literature on the onset and dynamics of domestic terrorism, with special emphasis on the interactions between terrorist organizations, the state, and society. Because this literature has often been based on case studies, we seek to impose some structure to its findings. We challenge the distinction between domestic and international terrorism, which truncates the sample of violence, and we show that the actor-sense of ter…
Making Nationalists out of Frenchmen: Substate Nationalism in Corsica
This article analyzes the electoral performance of the nationalist movement in Corsica. First, we ran an ecological analysis of a new dataset, including observations from all Corsican towns for all regional elections from 1992 to 2004. Second, we complemented the ecological findings with individual-level data. Our results show that the classical combination of economic-based and identity factors that account well for nationalist voting is conditi…
The quantity and quality of terrorism: The DTV dataset
This article presents a dataset of fatalities of domestic terrorism in Western European countries for the period 1965-2005. The Domestic Terrorism Victims (DTV) dataset, unlike others such as TWEED or GTD1, is based on local sources in each country and, consequently, it registers a higher number of killings. Measurement of the quantity of terrorism is therefore more accurate. The unit of observation is the fatality, not the attack, although the d…
What We Talk About When We Talk About Terrorism
There is no consensus in the literature about the nature of terrorism. The authors' main claim is that this is ultimately the result of the coexistence of two senses of the term, the action and the actor sense, which are not fully congruent. Rather than trying to advocate a specific conceptualization, the authors provide in this article a map of the different ways in which scholars talk about terrorism. They identify first the set of terrorist ac…
How Do Spanish Independents Vote? Ideology vs. Performance
We claim that independent voters use performance as their main heuristic: if the incumbent fares well, independents reward it; if it fares poorly, they switch to the main opposition party. To make the switch easier, independents place themselves in the centre of the ideological dimension. Using Spanish data, our results confirm that independents rely more on performance than partisan voters, net of ideological proximity. Two implications also hol…
Rebels without a Territory: An Analysis of Nonterritorial Conflicts in the World, 1970–1997
The large- n literature on political violence has paid little attention to the distinction between insurgencies that control territory and those that do not. Territorial control has consequences for the lethality of the group, its pattern of recruitment and bargaining power. The main determinant of territorial control, we argue, is state capacity: while territorial insurgencies are more frequent in poor countries, nonterritorial ones tend to occu…
Two Nations Indivisible. Mexico, the United States and the Road Ahead
Two Nations Indivisible. Mexico, the United States and the Road Ahead
Killing and Voting in the Basque Country: An Exploration of the Electoral Link Between ETA and its Political Branch
We deal in this article with the relationship between ETA attacks and electoral support for Batasuna, its political wing. We show that the relationship is twofold, since the geographical distribution of electoral support for the terrorists affects the location of ETA attacks, but violence also influences electoral support for the terrorist cause. On the one hand, when ETA chooses a location for its attacks, it takes into account the electoral str…
How Armed Groups Fight: Territorial Control and Violent Tactics
This article analyzes the choice of tactics by armed groups. We claim this choice is largely determined by the capacity of the rebel groups to control territory. Groups that are not able to liberate territory remain underground and have to rely mainly on bombings. Groups with territorial control engage in guerrilla-like attacks in which there is a physical encounter with the enemy. This conjecture is tested and largely confirmed at three levels: …
Economic sanctions and the dynamics of terrorist campaigns
Although states rarely use economic sanctions specifically to combat transnational terrorism, potential targets of sanctions often face terrorist campaigns within their territory. States may avoid using sanctions against states with terrorists for fear of weakening target states excessively, thereby indirectly strengthening terrorist groups. However, this argument has not been subjected to rigorous empirical testing. This study presents a theoret…
Economic Sanctions, Transnational Terrorism, and the Incentive to Misrepresent
Can economic sanctions combat transnational terrorism effectively? Policymakers argue that sanctions can deter state sponsorship, but are counterproductive against hosts of transnational terrorists. However, recent cases indicate that governments are often uncertain if foreign states are truly sponsors versus hosts, and cannot perfectly determine the type of foreign support terrorists are receiving. We argue that this uncertainty, coupled with th…
Response to Kristin M. Bakke's review of Nationalist Violence in Postwar Europe
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Withdrawn: Economic sanctions and the dynamics of terrorist campaigns 1
Compliance vs. constraints: A theory of rebel targeting in civil war
This article offers a theory of rebel targeting in civil war. Rebels face two logics of targeting: the logic of compliance in areas where they are fighting for territory, and the logic of legitimacy in areas where they remain clandestine. The first boosts civilian targeting because rebels use it as a way to discipline local populations. The second moderates it because unqualified civilian killings could prompt rebels’ supporters to turn against t…
The Legacy of Civil War Dynamics: State Building in Mexico, 1810–1910
This article studies the legacy of local dynamics of the War of Independence in local state building in Mexico. The analysis shows that municipalities where local militias were organized have a higher number of public servants and a larger budget per capita in the early 1900s than municipalities with an insurgent legacy, relative to those with no conflict. The results hold when restricting the sample to neighbors and controlling for geographic an…
Legados de la guerra de Independencia y la Revolución sobre la violencia criminal en México
Este trabajo se enfoca en las conexiones históricas de la violencia criminal contemporánea en México. Investiga si la guerra de independencia y la revolución muestran alguna línea de continuidad con la actual oleada de violencia criminal. Encontramos que la violencia criminal se concentra principalmente en municipios que tuvieron presencia rebelde durante el periodo revolucionario. Además, los municipios en los que se crearon milicias realistas d…
Borrón sin cuenta nueva? La injusticia transicional en guerras civiles económicas
Ante la persistencia de la violencia criminal organizada en México, se ha discutido la posibilidad de superarla usando medidas de justicia transicional. ¿Qué tan viable sería su aplicación? Tratamos de responder a esta pregunta en dos pasos. Primero, trazamos un mapa conceptual de la violencia societal organizada que nos permite identificar la llamada narcoviolencia como una guerra civil económica y distinguirla de las guerras civiles políticas. …
Underground Violence: On the Nature of Terrorism
Why is terrorism such a slippery concept? Unlike other concepts employed in studies of conflict, terrorism is particularly hard to pin down. Can terrorism be equated with civilian victimization? Is it a refined form of coercive violence, based on the spread of terror? Despite the endless terminological debate, there is an underlying logic in the way in which we speak about terrorism. This book is aimed at uncovering this logic, providing a system…
Voting without ideology. Evidence from Spain (1979-2008)
Although non-ideological voters make up a considerable share of the electorate, the literature has systematically overlooked their voting behaviour. Using Spanish electoral data from the 1979-2008 electoral period, we seek to identify the alternative cues ?in the absence of ideology? these voters may use when casting their ballot. We do not find that evaluations of the incumbent?s performance have a greater influence on non-ideological voters, as…
When rebels lose: The impact of civil war legacies on contemporary electoral outcomes in Peru, 2011-2021
Existing research on the electoral legacies of civil wars lacks a comprehensive understanding of the conditions under which certain expectations are valid. To bridge this gap, I explore the impact of Peru's civil war in the 1980s on contemporary electoral outcomes. Peru represents a case where the rebels were defeated by the Fujimori government, despite being responsible for a larger share of the violence. Using a unique dataset at the district l…
Fighting collective threats: Socialist revolutions and the management of the Covid-19 pandemic
I investigate why some countries were more successful in containing the death toll than others during the COVID-19 pandemic. I focus on the role of socialism and on the existence of long-term regime-driven legacies that may have had an impact on the containment of COVID-related deaths. I claim that countries that went through successful socialist revolutions have specific features that equip them with better resources to cope with public challeng…
Operationalizing Terrorism as Makeshift Bombs: The User’s Guide
There are different ways to operationalise terrorism. I recommend in this article the use of “makeshift bombs” as the best strategy to empirically measure terrorism; bombs are routinely collected in large datasets such as GTD, and their use avoids the conceptual traps of operationalizations based on targeting (civilian vs combatant victims) and strategy (coercion vs other goals). With data from two different datasets (BAAD2 and GTD), I show that …
Political science (23 works) · Law (19 works) · Law (15 works) · Political economy (14 works) · Politics (14 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Economics (10 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (10 works) · Terrorism (10 works) · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence (10 works)