Amy J Schulz
Biographic Data
| ID | 134274 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Amy J Schulz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Amy J |
| FAMILY NAME | Schulz |
| SIGNATURE | SCHULZ A J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3580-3906 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 89 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1086 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 89 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 16 |
Does time heal all wounds? Examining the lasting impact of historic redlining on contemporary racial disparities in allostatic load in Baltimore, Maryland
Contemporary residents of historically yellowlined, but not redlined, neighborhoods experienced heightened physiological deterioration. The strength of this association differed by race, and was substantially explained by the contemporary neighborhood deprivation index only for African Americans in yellowlined areas. Addressing health disparities requires attention to the long-lasting impacts of historical practices of institutional racism on con…
Procedural Justice in Environmental Decision-Making: An Analysis of Public Participation Language in State-Level Cumulative Impact Legislation
Effective and just environmental governance requires collaborative and empowered decision making. Language in most state policies using CI frameworks falls short of collaborative or empowered public participation. Those with collaborative and empowered approaches to public participation offer important models for expanding public influence in environmental decision-making
Defining “Overburdened Communities” in State-Level Legislation Using Cumulative Impacts Frameworks to Inform Environmental Decision-Making: Implications for Environmental and Health Justice
Differences in PM 2.5 concentrations were largest when OBC definitions included race/ethnicity, and if current trends continue, are projected to increase over time, regardless of OBC definition. Exposure inequalities for OBCs defined using race and ethnicity are only eliminated under scenarios that double or quadruple current rates of reduction
A Collaborative Approach to Enhance Capacity and Power for Community-driven Policy Change: Project Heard
Background: A longstanding community-based participa-tory research center designed Project Health Equity via Advocacy for Resources in Detroit (HEARD) to enhance the capacity, collective power, and impact of community-based organizations—working in partnership with academics—to advance policy change for health equity in their communities. Objectives: We describe how Project HEARD supported community–academic teams to develop policy advocacy campa…
How teacher behaviors and perceptions, air change rates, and portable air purifiers affect indoor air quality in naturally ventilated schools
Introduction Many school buildings have inadequate ventilation, rudimentary if any air filtration, and aging and poorly maintained mechanical systems, all of which can lead to poor indoor air quality (IAQ). These issues are especially acute in environmental justice (EJ) communities where schools are located in polluted areas. This community-based participatory research examines how IAQ in naturally ventilated school buildings is affected by the u…
Validation of the Measurement Approaches to Partnership Success (Maps) Questionnaire
Conceptualizing and testing factors that contribute to the success of community–academic partnerships are critical to understanding their contributions to the health and well-being of communities. Most measures to date focus on factors that contribute to the development of new partnerships, and only a few have been adequately tested and validated. Methods. The Measurement Approaches to Partnership Success (MAPS) study followed a community-based p…
Mexican-origin women’s individual and collective strategies to access and share health-promoting resources in the context of exclusionary immigration and immigrant policies
Our findings suggest a complex interplay of immigration-related policies and processes, social networks, and health-relevant resources. They highlight the importance of inclusive policies to promote health for immigrant communities. These findings illuminate women's agency in the context of structural violence facing immigrant women and are particularly salient in the face of anti-immigrant rhetoric and exclusionary immigration and immigrant poli…
Perceived Racial/Ethnic Discrimination, Citizenship Status, and Self-Rated Health Among Immigrant Young Adults
Multi-directional communication between decision makers and environmental health researchers: A qualitative inquiry
It has been three decades since key leaders gathered to pave a path toward healthier and more just environments and recommendations were made to improve communication between scientists and community stakeholders who can influence decision making. Since that time, community engaged research has flourished while building the capacity of researchers to engage in the work of making change to those environments has lagged. The purpose of this study w…
Historic Redlining Practices and Contemporary Determinants of Health in the Detroit Metropolitan Area
Objectives. To examine how redlining, a historical racially discriminatory housing policy implemented by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC), is associated with current neighborhood determinants of health in the Detroit Metropolitan Area. Methods. We analyzed associations between census tract‒level HOLC color grades (red = “hazardous”; yellow = “declining”; blue = “desirable”; and green = “best”) and a developed neighborhood determinants of …
Antiracism and Community-Based Participatory Research: Synergies, Challenges, and Opportunities
Structural racism causes stark health inequities and operates at every level of society, including the academic and governmental entities that support health research and practice. We argue that health research institutions must invest in research that actively disrupts racial hierarchies, with leadership from racially marginalized communities and scholars. We highlight synergies between antiracist principles and community-based participatory res…
They Kept Going for Answers”: Knowledge, Capacity, and Environmental Health Literacy in Michigan’s PBB Contamination
The Michigan PBB Oral History Project documented community residents' descriptions of a large-scale chemical contamination-the PBB contamination-that occurred in Michigan in 1973. These oral histories document residents' and others' experiences during and after the contamination. We conducted a grounded theory qualitative analysis of 31 oral histories to examine the experiences of community members, researchers, lawyers, and others who actively s…
The return of race science and why it matters for family science
Race science attributes differences in human populations to biology and genetics that reflect a hierarchy of human races with whiteness at its pinnacle. This article examining the history of race science and current family scholarship and practice contends that race science matters for family science. We discuss 1) white supremacy, the development of race science, and the eugenics movement in the U.S.; 2) racism, racialized experiences, and oppre…
Housing status, mortgage debt and financial burden as barriers to health among older adults in the U.S
We examine relations between housing status, mortgage, financial burden, and healthy aging among older U.S. adults. We combine cross-sectional data from 2012 to 2014 Health and Retirement Study cohorts. Using regression models, we examined associations between owners and renters, mortgage and non-mortgage holders, financial strain, and difficulty paying bills, and poor self-rated health (SRH), heart condition (HC) and hospitalization (past two ye…
Urban Heart Detroit: The Application of a Health Equity Assessment Tool
Policing Is a Public Health Issue: The Important Role of Health Educators
For decades, marginalized communities have been naming the harms of policing-and the systemic racism that undergirds it-for health and well-being. Only recently have policing practices and racism within policing gained more widespread attention in public health. Building on social justice and emancipatory traditions in health education, we argue that health educators are uniquely prepared to use the evidence base to reframe narratives that drive …
Moving Health Education and Behavior Upstream: Lessons From Covid-19 for Addressing Structural Drivers of Health Inequities
In this Perspective, we build on social justice and emancipatory traditions within the field of health education, and the field’s long-standing commitment to building knowledge and shared power to promote health equity, to examine lessons and opportunities for health education emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic. Examining patterns that emerged as the pandemic unfolded in Metropolitan Detroit, with disproportionate impacts on African American and…
Attitudes toward abortion, social welfare programs, and gender roles in the U.S. and South Africa
Public abortion attitudes are important predictors of abortion stigma and accessibility, even in legal settings like the U.S. and South Africa. With data from the U.S. General Social Survey and South African Social Attitudes Survey, we used ordinal logistic regressions to measure whether abortion acceptability (in cases of poverty and fetal anomaly) is related to attitudes about social welfare programs and gender roles, then assessed differences …
Mobilizing for Community Benefits to Assess Health and Promote Environmental Justice near the Gordie Howe International Bridge
Transportation infrastructure decisions contribute to social, economic, and health inequities in the U.S. Health Impact Assessments (HIAs) may improve understanding of potential strategies to mitigate adverse effects on quality of life from planned developments. We use the Gordie Howe International Bridge (GHIB), currently under construction in southwest Detroit, MI, as a case study to examine 15 years of community mobilization, which resulted in…
Independent and joint contributions of economic, social and physical environmental characteristics to mortality in the Detroit Metropolitan Area: A study of cumulative effects and pathways
Social relationships, neighbourhood poverty and cumulative biological risk: Findings from a multi-racial US urban community
Prior research has established associations between neighbourhood poverty and cumulative biological risk (CBR). CBR is conceptualized as indicative of the effects of stress on biological functioning, and is linked with increased morbidity and mortality. Studies suggest that supportive social relationships may be health protective, and may erode under conditions of poverty. This study examines whether social relationships are inversely associated …
MI-Environment: Geospatial patterns and inequality of relative heat stress vulnerability in Michigan
Breaking free from siloes: Intersectionality as a Collective Action Frame to Address Toxic Exposures and Reproductive Health
There has been increasing interest in collaborative approaches between the environmental justice (EJ) and reproductive justice (RJ) movements to address the higher burden of toxic exposures and associated reproductive health outcomes in vulnerable communities. This study examined the collective action frames (CAFs) of advocates at the EJ/RJ nexus. CAFs highlight how advocates identify problems and solutions, and motivate action. The use of inters…
Independent and Joint Contributions of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Population Vulnerability to Mortality in the Detroit Metropolitan Area
Fine particulate matter is associated with adverse health outcomes. Exposure to fine particulate matter may disproportionately affect urban communities with larger numbers of vulnerable residents. We used multilevel logistic regression models to estimate the joint effects of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and population vulnerabilities on cardiopulmonary mortality (CPM). We estimated the health benefits of reductions in PM 2.5 across census tr…
Impact of change over time in self-reported discrimination on blood pressure: Implications for Inequities in Cardiovascular Risk for a Multi-Racial Urban Community
Objectives: The 21st century has seen a rise in racism and xenophobia in the United States. Few studies have examined the health implications of heightened institutional and interpersonal racism. This study examines changes in reported discrimination and associations with blood pressure over time among non-Latino Blacks (NLBs), Latinos, and non-Latino Whites (NLWs) in an urban area, and variations by nativity among Latinos. Design: Data from a pr…
Discrimination, Symptoms of Depression, and Self-Rated Health Among African American Women in Detroit: Results From a Longitudinal Analysis
The results reported here are consistent with the hypothesis that everyday encounters with discrimination are causally associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes. In this sample of African American women, this association holds above and beyond the effects of income and education
Neighborhood Racial Composition, Neighborhood Poverty, and the Spatial Accessibility of Supermarkets in Metropolitan Detroit
Objectives. We evaluated the spatial accessibility of large “chain” supermarkets in relation to neighborhood racial composition and poverty. Methods. We used a geographic information system to measure Manhattan block distance to the nearest supermarket for 869 neighborhoods (census tracts) in metropolitan Detroit. We constructed moving average spatial regression models to adjust for spatial autocorrelation and to test for the effect of modificati…
Social inequalities, stressors and self reported health status among African American and white women in the Detroit metropolitan area
Activity space environment and dietary and physical activity behaviors: A pilot study
Unfair Treatment, Neighborhood Effects, and Mental Health in the Detroit Metropolitan Area
Why do racial differences in many indicators of mental and emotional well-being show inconsistent patterns? We propose that mental and emotional well-being are influenced by aspects of the social context, including experiences of unfair treatment and the concentration of households with incomes below the poverty level, and that differential exposure to these factors influences racial differences in mental well-being. We analyze the reporting of p…
Community-Based Participatory Research: A Capacity-Building Approach for Policy Advocacy Aimed at Eliminating Health Disparities
There have been increasing calls for community–academic partnerships to enhance the capacity of partners to engage in policy advocacy aimed at eliminating health disparities. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a partnership approach that can facilitate capacity building and policy change through equitable engagement of diverse partners. Toward this end, the Detroit Community–Academic Urban Research Center, a long-standing CBPR partn…
Psychosocial stress and social support as mediators of relationships between income, length of residence and depressive symptoms among African American women on Detroit's eastside
Race-Ethnicity, Poverty, Urban Stressors, and Telomere Length in a Detroit Community-based Sample
Residents of distressed urban areas suffer early aging-related disease and excess mortality. Using a community-based participatory research approach in a collaboration between social researchers and cellular biologists, we collected a unique data set of 239 black, white, or Mexican adults from a stratified, multistage probability sample of three Detroit neighborhoods. We drew venous blood and measured telomere length (TL), an indicator of stress-…
Advancing the Science of Community-Level Interventions
Community interventions are complex social processes that need to move beyond single interventions and outcomes at individual levels of short-term change. A scientific paradigm is emerging that supports collaborative, multilevel, culturally situated community interventions aimed at creating sustainable community-level impact. This paradigm is rooted in a deep history of ecological and collaborative thinking across public health, psychology, anthr…
Toward a Dynamic Conceptualization of Social Ties and Context: Implications for Understanding Immigrant and Latino Health
Researchers have posited that social ties and social support may contribute to better-than-expected health outcomes among Mexican immigrants vis-à-vis their US-born counterparts. However, in our review of studies examining social ties and health by immigration-related variables among this group, we found little support for this hypothesis. To better understand the social factors that contribute to the health of Mexicans in the United States, we c…
Development of a Mixed Methods Investigation of Process and Outcomes of Community-Based Participatory Research
This article describes a mixed methods study of community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership practices and the links between these practices and changes in health status and disparities outcomes. Directed by a CBPR conceptual model and grounded in indigenous-transformative theory, our nation-wide, cross-site study showcases the value of a mixed methods approach for better understanding the complexity of CBPR partnerships across diver…
Engaging Urban Residents in Assessing Neighborhood Environments and Their Implications for Health
Do observed or perceived characteristics of the neighborhood environment mediate associations between neighborhood poverty and cumulative biological risk
Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Allostatic Load: Effects of Neighborhood Poverty and Tests of Mediating Pathways
Objectives. We examined relationships between neighborhood poverty and allostatic load in a low- to moderate-income multiracial urban community. We tested the hypothesis that neighborhood poverty is associated with allostatic load, controlling for household poverty. We also examined the hypotheses that this association was mediated by psychosocial stress and health-related behaviors. Methods. We conducted multilevel analyses using cross-sectional…
Do Neighborhood Economic Characteristics, Racial Composition, and Residential Stability Predict Perceptions of Stress Associated with the Physical and Social Environment? Findings from a Multilevel An…
Race and the Distribution of Social and Physical Environmental Risk: A Case Example From the Detroit Metropolitan Area
Since W. E. B. Du Bois documented the physical and social environments of Philadelphia's predominantly African American Seventh Ward over a century ago, there has been continued interest in understanding the distribution of social and physical environments by racial make-up of communities. Characterization of these environments allows for documentation of inequities, identifies communities which encounter heightened risk, and can inform action to…
Antiracism and Community-Based Participatory Research: Synergies, Challenges, and Opportunities
Structural racism causes stark health inequities and operates at every level of society, including the academic and governmental entities that support health research and practice. We argue that health research institutions must invest in research that actively disrupts racial hierarchies, with leadership from racially marginalized communities and scholars. We highlight synergies between antiracist principles and community-based participatory res…
Impact of change over time in self-reported discrimination on blood pressure: Implications for Inequities in Cardiovascular Risk for a Multi-Racial Urban Community
Objectives: The 21st century has seen a rise in racism and xenophobia in the United States. Few studies have examined the health implications of heightened institutional and interpersonal racism. This study examines changes in reported discrimination and associations with blood pressure over time among non-Latino Blacks (NLBs), Latinos, and non-Latino Whites (NLWs) in an urban area, and variations by nativity among Latinos. Design: Data from a pr…
Examining the Influence of Family Environments on Youth Violence: A Comparison of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Non-Latino Black, and Non-Latino White Adolescents
The return of race science and why it matters for family science
Race science attributes differences in human populations to biology and genetics that reflect a hierarchy of human races with whiteness at its pinnacle. This article examining the history of race science and current family scholarship and practice contends that race science matters for family science. We discuss 1) white supremacy, the development of race science, and the eugenics movement in the U.S.; 2) racism, racialized experiences, and oppre…
They Are Clipping Our Wings: Health Implications of Restrictive Immigrant Policies for Mexican-Origin Women in a Northern Border Community
Inter-rater and test–retest reliability: Methods and results for the neighborhood observational checklist
How much are built environments changing, and where: Patterns of change by neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics across seven U.S. metropolitan areas
Designing Healthy Neighborhoods: Contributions of the Built Environment to Physical Activity in Detroit
Detroit is a city with low-density housing and a high proportion of lower-socioeconomic-status multiethnic residents. Physical activity tends to be lower in low- to moderate-income urban communities. To understand the design components of healthy neighborhoods, interrelationships between built environment characteristics and walking behavior were studied for three neighborhoods. Results suggest that as independent predictors, higher density and m…
Being Part of The World: Detroit Women’s Perceptions of Health and the Social Environment
We examine African American women's perceptions of the ways their neighborhoods affect health. Drawing upon data from participant observation and focus groups with Detroit residents, we examine physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, and social dimensions encompassed in women's definitions of health. The complexity of relationships between health and neighborhood emerge as women describe not only the influence of neighborhood conditions on health…
Further explorations in empowerment theory: An empirical analysis of psychological empowerment
Developed empowerment theory and replicated previous research on citizen participation and perceived control. Few investigators have designed studies that specifically test empowerment theory. This research further extends a theoretical model of psychological empowerment that includes intrapersonal, interactional, and behavioral components, by studying a large randomly selected urban and suburban community sample and examining race differences. R…
Health Education and Community Empowerment: Conceptualizing and Measuring Perceptions of Individual, Organizational, and Community Control
The fundamental conditions and resources for health are peace, shelter, edu cation, food, income, a stable ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, and equity. Improvement in health requires a secure foundation in these basic prerequisites. 1
Navajo Women and the Politics of Identity
Journal Article Navajo Women and the Politics of Identity Get access Amy J. Schulz Amy J. Schulz University of Michigan Please send all correspondence to: Amy Schulz, Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1420 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Problems, Volume 45, Issue 3, 1 August 1998, Pages 3…
Social inequalities, stressors and self reported health status among African American and white women in the Detroit metropolitan area
Unfair Treatment, Neighborhood Effects, and Mental Health in the Detroit Metropolitan Area
Why do racial differences in many indicators of mental and emotional well-being show inconsistent patterns? We propose that mental and emotional well-being are influenced by aspects of the social context, including experiences of unfair treatment and the concentration of households with incomes below the poverty level, and that differential exposure to these factors influences racial differences in mental well-being. We analyze the reporting of p…
Community-based Participatory Research: Policy Recommendations for Promoting a Partnership Approach in Health Research
Community-based participatory research in public health focuses on social, structural, and physical environmental inequities through active involvement of community members, organizational representatives, and researchers in all aspects of the research process. Partners contribute their expertise to enhance understanding of a given phenomenon and integrate the knowledge gained with action to benefit the community involved. This article presents k…
Racial and Spatial Relations as Fundamental Determinants of Health in Detroit
As a social construct, race has been and remains a powerful organizing feature of American social life. Racial categories both reflect and reinforce group differences in access to economic, political, and social resources. In the United States, racial ideologies operate politically, legally, and socially to limit African Americans' and other labeled racial groups' access to economic resources (Darden 1986; Farley et al. 1994; Hummer 1996; Krieger…
Religious involvement, social support, and health among African-American women on the east side of detroit
Social Determinants of Health: Implications for Environmental Health Promotion
In this article, the authors draw on the disciplines of sociology and environmental and social epidemiology to further understanding of mechanisms through which social factors contribute to disparate environmental exposures and health inequalities. They propose a conceptual framework for environmental health promotion that considers dynamic social processes through which social and environmental inequalities—and associated health disparities—are …
Being Part of The World: Detroit Women’s Perceptions of Health and the Social Environment
We examine African American women's perceptions of the ways their neighborhoods affect health. Drawing upon data from participant observation and focus groups with Detroit residents, we examine physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, and social dimensions encompassed in women's definitions of health. The complexity of relationships between health and neighborhood emerge as women describe not only the influence of neighborhood conditions on health…
Social and Physical Environments and Disparities in Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: The Healthy Environments Partnership Conceptual Model
The Healthy Environments Partnership (HEP) is a community-based participatory research effort investigating variations in cardiovascular disease risk, and the contributions of social and physical environments to those variations, among non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, and Hispanic residents in three areas of Detroit, Michigan. Initiated in October 2000 as a part of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences' Health Disparities…
Fruit and Vegetable Intake in African Americans
Healthy Eating and Exercising to Reduce Diabetes: Exploring the Potential of Social Determinants of Health Frameworks Within the Context of Community-Based Participatory Diabetes Prevention
Objectives. We examined a community-based participatory diabetes intervention to identify facilitators of and barriers to sustained community efforts to address social factors that contribute to health. Methods. We conducted a case study description and analysis of the Healthy Eating and Exercising to Reduce Diabetes project in the theoretical context of a conceptual model of social determinants of health. Results. We identified several barriers …
Neighborhood Racial Composition, Neighborhood Poverty, and the Spatial Accessibility of Supermarkets in Metropolitan Detroit
Objectives. We evaluated the spatial accessibility of large “chain” supermarkets in relation to neighborhood racial composition and poverty. Methods. We used a geographic information system to measure Manhattan block distance to the nearest supermarket for 869 neighborhoods (census tracts) in metropolitan Detroit. We constructed moving average spatial regression models to adjust for spatial autocorrelation and to test for the effect of modificati…
Inter-rater and test–retest reliability: Methods and results for the neighborhood observational checklist
Engaging Urban Residents in Assessing Neighborhood Environments and Their Implications for Health
Discrimination, Symptoms of Depression, and Self-Rated Health Among African American Women in Detroit: Results From a Longitudinal Analysis
The results reported here are consistent with the hypothesis that everyday encounters with discrimination are causally associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes. In this sample of African American women, this association holds above and beyond the effects of income and education
Psychosocial stress and social support as mediators of relationships between income, length of residence and depressive symptoms among African American women on Detroit's eastside
Handheld Computers for Direct Observation of the Social and Physical Environment
This article evaluates the use of handheld computers for systematic observation of the social and physical environments. Handheld computers, also known as personal digital assistants (PDAs), make the advantages of computer-assisted data collection (CADC) more accessible to field-based researchers. In particular, CADC with handheld computers may improve data quality, reduce turnaround time, and enhance research capacity for community-academic part…
A Community-Based Participatory Approach to Personalized, Computer-Generated Nutrition Feedback Reports: The Healthy Environments Partnership
A CBPR process can enhance computer tailoring of personalized NFRs to address racial and socioeconomic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Do Neighborhood Economic Characteristics, Racial Composition, and Residential Stability Predict Perceptions of Stress Associated with the Physical and Social Environment? Findings from a Multilevel An…
Relational pathways between socioeconomic position and cardiovascular risk in a multiethnic urban sample: Complexities and their implications for improving health in economically disadvantaged populat…
BACKGROUND: The study was designed to provide evidence of a cascade effect linking socioeconomic position to anthropometric indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk through effects on psychosocial stress, psychological distress and health-related behaviours, and consider implications for disease prevention and health promotion. METHODS: A cross-sectional stratified two-stage probability sample of occupied housing units in three areas of De…
Neighborhood Retail Food Environment and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Multiethnic Urban Population
PURPOSE: To examine relationships between the neighborhood food environment and fruit and vegetable intake in a multiethnic urban population. DESIGN: Analysis of cross-sectional survey and observational data. SETTING: One hundred forty-six neighborhoods within three large geographic communities of Detroit, Michigan. SUBJECTS: Probability sample of 919 African-American, Latino, and white adults. MEASURES: The dependent variable was mean daily frui…
Piloting Interventions Within a Community-Based Participatory Research Framework: Lessons Learned From the Healthy Environments Partnership
We suggest several funding mechanisms for supporting the implementation of larger scale interventions following promising pilot efforts in community settings
The Healthy Connections Project: A Community-Based Participatory Research Project Involving Women at Risk for Diabetes and Hypertension
The Healthy Connections Project: A Community-Based Participatory Research Project Involving Women at Risk for Diabetes and Hypertension Idethia Shevon Harvey, Amy J. Schulz, Barbara A. Israel, Sharon Sand, Deanna Myrie, Murlisa P. Lockett, Sheryl Weir, and Yolanda Hill What Is the Purpose of This Study? • The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a community health worker (CHW) intervention in Detroit, Michigan, using a co…
Medicine (70 works) · Sociology (60 works) · Political science (45 works) · Psychology (39 works) · Environmental health (38 works) · Geography (35 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (33 works) · Public health (31 works) · Demography (29 works) · Population (29 works)