Ilkka Niiniluoto
Biographic Data
| ID | 134825 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ilkka Niiniluoto |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ilkka |
| FAMILY NAME | Niiniluoto |
| SIGNATURE | NIINILUOTO I |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Helsinki |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3162-5970 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 62 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 211 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 62 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1972 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
G. H. von Wright on Logical Empiricism
Georg Henrik von Wright (1916–2003) started his studies in theoretical philosophy at the University of Helsinki in 1934. His teacher, Professor Eino Kaila (1890–1958), was an associate of the Vienna Circle who had changed the course of Finnish philosophy with his own version of logical empiricism. Under Kaila’s supervision, von Wright wrote his early studies on probability and defended his doctoral thesis The Logical Problem of Induction in 1941.…
Igor Douven, The Art of Abduction
A ciência como valor cultural" e "A ciência em uma sociedade livre
Nascido em Helsinque, em 1946, Ilkka Niiniluoto fez mestrado em matemática, em 1968, e doutorado em filosofia teórica, em 1974, na Universidade de Helsinque. Foi Professor Associado de Fundamentos de Matemática, entre 1973 e 1977, e Professor de Filosofia Teórica, de 1977 a 2014. Sua prolífica carreira acadêmica inclui posições como presidente de importantes sociedades filosóficas e reitor da Universidade de Helsinque. Tem, como obras principais:…
Culture and Modernity: East-West Philosophic Perspectives
Approaching probabilistic truths: Introduction to the Topical Collection
Approaching probabilistic laws
In the general problem of verisimilitude, we try to define the distance of a statement from a target, which is an informative truth about some domain of investigation. For example, the target can be a state description, a structure description, or a constituent of a first-order language (Sect. 1). In the problem of legisimilitude, the target is a deterministic or universal law, which can be expressed by a nomic constituent or a quantitative funct…
Vassend on Verisimilitude and Counterfactual Probabilities
Olav Benjamin Vassend proposes two solutions to the “interpretive problem” of assigning nonzero probabilities to hypotheses that are known to be false. He argues that the verisimilitude interpretation (probability expresses the degree of belief that the hypothesis is closest to the truth) and the counterfactual interpretation (probability is conditional on a false supposition) are equivalent. While Vassend’s intuition about these two solutions is…
Truthlikeness: Old and new debates
The notion of truthlikeness or verisimilitude has been a topic of intensive discussion ever since the definition proposed by Karl Popper was refuted in 1974. This paper gives an analysis of old and new debates about this notion. There is a fairly large agreement about the truthlikeness ordering of conjunctive theories, but the main rival approaches differ especially about false disjunctive theories. Continuing the debate between Niiniluoto’s min-…
Social aspects of scientific knowledge
Truth-Seeking by Abduction
Optimistic realism about scientific progress
Scientific progress as increasing verisimilitude
Values in design sciences
On the Philosophy of Applied Social Sciences
From dynamic disbeliefs to causality and chance: Wolfgang Spohn: Causation, coherence and concepts: A collection of essays. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 256. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009, …
Progress by Enlightenment: Fact or Fiction
No abstract available
Abduction, tomography, and other inverse problems
Critical Scientific Realism
This book gives a systematic formulation of critical scientific realism by surveying varieties of realism in ontology, semantics, epistemology, theory construction, and methodology. According to the standard version of scientific realism, scientific theories are attempts to give true descriptions of mind‐independent and possibly unobservable reality, where truth means correspondence between language and reality. Critical realism adds to this view…
Critical Scientific Realism (Clarendon Library of Logic and Philosophy)
Futures studies: Science or art
Defending Abduction
Charles S. Peirce argued that, besides deduction and induction, there is a third mode of inference which he called “hypothesis” or “abduction.” He characterized abduction as reasoning “from effect to cause,” and as “the operation of adopting an explanatory hypothesis.” Peirce's ideas about abduction, which are related also to historically earlier accounts of heuristic reasoning (the method of analysis), have been seen as providing a logic of scie…
Verisimilitude: The Third Period
The modern history of verisimilitude can be divided into three periods. The first began in 1960, when Karl Popper proposed his qualitative definition of what it is for one theory to be more truthlike than another theory, and lasted until 1974, when David Miller and Pavel Trichý published their refutation of Popper's definition. The second period started immediately with the attempt to explicate truthlikeness by means of relations of similarity or…
Ciencia frente a tecnología: Diferencia O Identidad
Se argumenta en este trabajo que hay una importante diferencia conceptual entre ciencia y tecnología. En cuanto partes integrantes de la cultura y la sociedad humanas, la ciencia y la tecnología se encuentran hoy en un estado de mutua interacción dinámica, pero se dan diferencias en sus objetivos (aims), resultados y pautas de desarrollo. Por eso, hay también divergencias significativas entre la política científica (science policy) y la política …
Límites de la tecnología
El desarrollo tecnológico presenta una dimensión social y cultural que trasciende su faceta económica, de modo que debería estar limitado, controlado y dirigido de alguna manera. Al reflexionar aquí sobre las bases teóricas de la política tecnológica, el primer punto de apoyo es la diferencia conceptual entre ciencia y tecnología. A este respecto, la tecnología, en mayor medida que la ciencia, está siempre bajo el influjo de valores sociales, y e…
Reference Invariance and Truthlikeness
A holistic account of the meaning of theoretical terms leads scientific realism into serious troubles. Alternative methods of reference fixing are needed by a realist who wishes to show how reference invariance is possible in spite of meaning variance. This paper argues that the similarity theory of truthlikeness and approximate truth, developed by logicians since the mid 1970s, helps to make precise the idea of charitable theoretical reference. …
Verisimilitude: The Third Period
The modern history of verisimilitude can be divided into three periods. The first began in 1960, when Karl Popper proposed his qualitative definition of what it is for one theory to be more truthlike than another theory, and lasted until 1974, when David Miller and Pavel Trichý published their refutation of Popper's definition. The second period started immediately with the attempt to explicate truthlikeness by means of relations of similarity or…
Is Science Progressive
Scientific progress as increasing verisimilitude
Futures studies: Science or art
Scientific progress
Defending Abduction
Charles S. Peirce argued that, besides deduction and induction, there is a third mode of inference which he called “hypothesis” or “abduction.” He characterized abduction as reasoning “from effect to cause,” and as “the operation of adopting an explanatory hypothesis.” Peirce's ideas about abduction, which are related also to historically earlier accounts of heuristic reasoning (the method of analysis), have been seen as providing a logic of scie…
Novel Facts and Bayesianism
Optimistic realism about scientific progress
Truthlikeness: Old and new debates
The notion of truthlikeness or verisimilitude has been a topic of intensive discussion ever since the definition proposed by Karl Popper was refuted in 1974. This paper gives an analysis of old and new debates about this notion. There is a fairly large agreement about the truthlikeness ordering of conjunctive theories, but the main rival approaches differ especially about false disjunctive theories. Continuing the debate between Niiniluoto’s min-…
Statistical explanation reconsidered
What Shall we do With Verisimilitude
Popper distinguishes the problems of theoretical and pragmatic preference between rival theories, but he claims that there is a common non-inductive solution to both of them, viz. the “best-tested theory”, or the theory with the highest degree of corroboration. He further suggests that the degrees of corroboration serve as indicators of verisimilitude. One may therefore raise the question whether the recent theory of verisimilitude gives a genera…
Dretske on Laws of Nature
In a recent article [4], Fred I. Dretske has proposed a new analysis of natural laws. Dretske rejects the more or less standard view which says that laws are universal truths with a special function or status in science. As an alternative account, he suggests that laws are expressed by singular statements describing the relationship between universal properties and magnitudes: the statement (1) It is a law that F 's are G 's3. is to be analysed a…
Inductive systematization: Definition and a critical survey
Realism, relativism, and constructivism
Truthlikeness and Bayesian estimation
Degrees of Truthlikeness: From Singular Sentences to Generalisations
Values in design sciences
On Explicating Verisimilitude: A Reply to Oddie
Social aspects of scientific knowledge
Abduction, tomography, and other inverse problems
Approaching probabilistic truths: Introduction to the Topical Collection
Progress by Enlightenment: Fact or Fiction
No abstract available
Ciencia frente a tecnología: Diferencia O Identidad
Se argumenta en este trabajo que hay una importante diferencia conceptual entre ciencia y tecnología. En cuanto partes integrantes de la cultura y la sociedad humanas, la ciencia y la tecnología se encuentran hoy en un estado de mutua interacción dinámica, pero se dan diferencias en sus objetivos (aims), resultados y pautas de desarrollo. Por eso, hay también divergencias significativas entre la política científica (science policy) y la política …
Hypothetical imperatives and conditional obligations
Inductive systematization: Definition and a critical survey
Inducibility and epistemic systematization: Rejoinder to Kaufman
Truthlikeness: Comments on recent discussion
Dretske on Laws of Nature
In a recent article [4], Fred I. Dretske has proposed a new analysis of natural laws. Dretske rejects the more or less standard view which says that laws are universal truths with a special function or status in science. As an alternative account, he suggests that laws are expressed by singular statements describing the relationship between universal properties and magnitudes: the statement (1) It is a law that F 's are G 's3. is to be analysed a…
Degrees of Truthlikeness: From Singular Sentences to Generalisations
Scientific progress
Analogy and inductive logic
Statistical explanation reconsidered
On Explicating Verisimilitude: A Reply to Oddie
What Shall we do With Verisimilitude
Popper distinguishes the problems of theoretical and pragmatic preference between rival theories, but he claims that there is a common non-inductive solution to both of them, viz. the “best-tested theory”, or the theory with the highest degree of corroboration. He further suggests that the degrees of corroboration serve as indicators of verisimilitude. One may therefore raise the question whether the recent theory of verisimilitude gives a genera…
Novel Facts and Bayesianism
The Growth of Theories: Comments on the Structuralist Approach
Remarks on Technological Progress
The Growth of Knowledge in Mathematics
Notes on Popper as Follower of Whewell and Peirce
How is Philosophy Possible as a Science?
Finalization, Applied Science, and Science Policy
Truthlikeness, Realism, and Progressive Theory-Change
Paradigms and Problem-Solving in Operations Research
The Nature of Science
Scientific Progress
The Evolution of Knowledge
Realism, Worldmaking, and the Social Sciences
Is Science Progressive
Imagination and Fiction
This paper employs possible worlds semantics to develop a systematic framework for studying the syntax and the semantics of imagination sentences. Following Hintikka's treatment of prepositional attitudes like knowledge and perception, the propositional construction “a imagines that p” is taken as the basic form to which other sentences (such as “a imagines b”, “a imagines an F”, “a imagines b as an F”) are reduced through quantifiers ranging ove…
Philosophy (57 works) · Epistemology (53 works) · Philosophy and History of Science (32 works) · Philosophy of science (26 works) · Computer Science (21 works) · Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics (17 works) · Mathematics (16 works) · Sociology (16 works) · Metaphysics (13 works) · Philosophy of language (12 works)