Theo G M Sandfort
Biographic Data
| ID | 135744 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Theo G M Sandfort |
| GIVEN NAMES | Theo G M |
| FAMILY NAME | Sandfort |
| SIGNATURE | SANDFORT T G M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Division of Gender, Sexuality, and Health, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 284 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Predictors of Preference for School-Based Health Center Services Among Urban High School Youth
Understanding adolescents' health care preferences is of critical importance to support optimal use. School-Based Health Centers (SBHCs) are an important setting for adolescents to seek care, yet little is known about their perceptions of and preference for SBHC services. The purpose of this study was to test whether health literacy and greater trust in SBHC providers predicted a preference for receiving health care services at an SBHC. In additi…
Stigma and other correlates of self-esteem and depression in cisgender men and transfeminine persons with HIV who have sex with men in Kenya, Malawi, and South Africa (HPTN 075)
HIV-related stigma profoundly impacts individuals living with HIV, hindering self-esteem and access to treatment. Few studies, if any, have assessed the effects of stigma on depression and self-esteem among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transfeminine persons (TFP) with HIV in African settings. We explored factors, including various forms of stigma, contributing to low self-esteem and poor mental health among 71 MSM and TFP in Kenya, Malawi,…
The sexual and reproductive health covariates of early menarche among adolescent girls
INTRODUCTION: Research suggests that girls who reach menarche at an early age are at greater risk for negative sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes than their later-maturing counterparts, but very little research has examined this issue in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in West Africa. The goal of the current study was to determine whether early menarche was associated with any SRH outcomes in a sample of Ghanaian girls. METHODS: The stu…
The Effects of Three Types of Sexual Orientation Victimization on HIV Sexual Risk Behavior Among Black South African Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM)
The goal of this study is to examine the relations between histories of three types of sexual orientation victimization (childhood, personal, and institutional) and HIV sexual risk behavior among Black South African men who have sex with men (MSM). Secondarily, this study examines whether marijuana use and problem drinking mediate the relations. Participants were 125 Black MSM recruited from neighborhoods in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Q…
Gender Nonconformity and Peer Victimization: Sex and Sexual Attraction Differences by Age
Among 2,185 Dutch adolescents (ages 11 to 18), we assessed whether the association among gender nonconformity, homophobic name-calling, and other general peer victimization differs for boys and girls and for youth with and without same-sex attraction (SSA). We also examined whether sex and sexual attraction differences in the association between gender nonconformity and both types of peer victimization are dependent upon adolescents' age. Data we…
South African Men Who Have Sex With Both Men and Women and How They Differ From Men Who Have Sex With Men Exclusively
The label "men who have sex with men" (MSM) is used to categorize a diverse population exclusively on the basis of its sexual behavior. Understanding the diversity that this label comprises is critical for the development of health interventions that effectively reach the various populations subsumed under this label. In this cross-sectional study of South African MSM (N = 480) recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS), we explored diffe…
Attitudes toward Bisexual Men and Women among a Nationally Representative Probability Sample of Adults in the United States
As bisexual individuals in the United States (U.S.) face significant health disparities, researchers have posited that these differences may be fueled, at least in part, by negative attitudes, prejudice, stigma, and discrimination toward bisexual individuals from heterosexual and gay/lesbian individuals. Previous studies of individual and social attitudes toward bisexual men and women have been conducted almost exclusively with convenience sample…
Kenyan Religious Leaders’ Views on Same-Sex Sexuality and Gender Nonconformity: Religious Freedom versus Constitutional Rights
Religion plays an important role in framing the public discourse on sexuality, especially in countries where religion fully permeates social life. We explored the perspectives of Kenyan religious leaders on sexual and gender diversity in their country's specific context. A total of 212 Catholic, Islamic, and Protestant leaders from urban centers and rural townships completed a self-administered questionnaire specifically developed for this study.…
They think that gays have money’: Gender identity and transactional sex among Black men who have sex with men in four South African townships
Transactional sex has not been studied much among men who have sex with men in Africa. Consequently, little is understood about attitudes towards the practice, the circumstances that give rise to it or how transactional sex relationships are managed. We conducted in-depth interviews with 81 Black men aged 20-44 from four low-resourced townships in Tshwane, South Africa. We found that transactional sex was a widely used strategy for initiating and…
Gender Nonconformity, Homophobic Peer Victimization, and Mental Health: How Same-Sex Attraction and Biological Sex Matter
We assessed whether homophobic name-calling accounts for the relationship between gender nonconformity and mental health (social anxiety and psychological distress) in a sample of 1,026 Dutch adolescents (boys: n = 517) ages 11 to 16 (Mage = 13.4). We also explored whether this hypothesized mediation differs by sexual attraction and biological sex. Data were collected by means of paper-and-pencil questionnaires at five secondary schools located i…
African same-sex sexualities and gender-diversity: An introduction
We thank the organisations that contributed to the realisation of the conference on 'Same-sex Sexualities and Gender Diversity', including AMSHeR; Behind the Mask; GALCK; Gender DynamiX; the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York; Hivos; the Human Sciences Research Council; Humure; the International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission; the UNDP and GALA. Hivos was the main sponsor of the conference. Co-sponsors were the Open…
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity/Expression Related Peer Victimization in Adolescence: A Systematic Review of Associated Psychosocial and Health Outcomes
Victimization and Suicidality Among Dutch Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youths
We examined Netherlands Institute for Social Research data, collected between May and August 2009, on 274 Dutch lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths. The data showed that victimization at school was associated with suicidal ideation and actual suicide attempts. Homophobic rejection by parents was also associated with actual suicide attempts. Suicidality in this population could be reduced by supporting coping strategies of lesbian, gay, and bisexual…
Homophobic Name-Calling Among Secondary School Students and Its Implications for Mental Health
Ethnicity, Gender Socialization, and Children's Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbian Women
The aim of the present study was to assess whether children's attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women differ in relation to their ethnic backgrounds and whether ethnic differences are a result of perceived differential gender socialization practices. Data were collected from children in eight Dutch elementary schools by means of a paper-and-pencil questionnaire administered in the classroom. All children (mean age 11.47; N = 229) lived in the …
School Environment and the Mental Health of Sexual Minority Youths: A Study Among Dutch Young Adolescents
Objectives. We examined whether structural elements of the school environment, in particular cultural pluralism and consistency and clarity of school rules and expectations of students, could mitigate the risk for mental health problems among young sexual minority adolescents. Methods. Data were collected in 2008 by means of a computer-based questionnaire completed at school by 513 young Dutch adolescents (12–15 years old) during regular class ti…
Relationship Trajectories and Psychological Well-Being Among Sexual Minority Youth
Religion and spirituality among bisexual Black men in the USA
Traditionally, religion has been a major source of institutional support and well-being for Black people in the USA. However, when juxtaposed against sexuality, religion's positive effect upon the lives of non-heterosexual individuals is questionable. Research suggests that non-heterosexuals often abandon structured religion for spirituality due to the homonegativity perpetuated through religious institutions. Although studies have examined relig…
Long-Term Health Correlates of Timing of Sexual Debut: Results From a National US Study
Objectives. We explored long-term health consequences of age at sexual initiation and of abstinence until marriage to evaluate empirical support for the claim that postponing sexual initiation has beneficial health effects. Methods. We analyzed data from the 1996 National Sexual Health Survey, a cross-sectional study of the US adult population. We compared sexual health outcomes among individuals who had initiated sexual activity at an early or l…
Same-sex attraction, social relationships, psychosocial functioning, and school performance in early adolescence
The authors examined whether 13- to 15-year-old adolescents who experience feelings of same-sex attraction (SSA) differ from those without such feelings in the quality of relationships with parents, peers, and class mentors and in psychosocial functioning (health status and school performance). The authors also assessed whether differences in psychosocial functioning resulted from differences in the quality of social relationships. Data were coll…
Children in planned lesbian families: A cross-cultural comparison between the United States and the Netherlands
A total of 78 planned lesbian families in the United States were compared with 74 planned lesbian families in the Netherlands. Children were interviewed about disclosure to peers about living in a lesbian family and about their experiences of homophobia; mothers filled out the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results showed that Dutch children were more open about growing up in a lesbian family, experienced less homophobia, and demonstrated fewer…
And Then There was the Down Low: Introduction to Black and Latino Male Bisexualities
Sexual Orientation and Mental and Physical Health Status: Findings From a Dutch Population Survey
Objectives. We sought to determine whether sexual orientation is related to mental and physical health and health behaviors in the general population. Methods. Data was derived from a health interview survey that was part of the second Dutch National Survey of General Practice, carried out in 2001 among an all-age random sample of the population. Of the 19685 persons invited to participate, 65% took part in the survey. Sexual orientation was asse…
Suicidality and Sexual Orientation: Differences Between Men and Women in a General Population-Based Sample From The Netherlands
Do homosexual persons use health care services more frequently than heterosexual persons: Findings from a Dutch population survey
Long-Term Health Correlates of Timing of Sexual Debut: Results From a National US Study
Objectives. We explored long-term health consequences of age at sexual initiation and of abstinence until marriage to evaluate empirical support for the claim that postponing sexual initiation has beneficial health effects. Methods. We analyzed data from the 1996 National Sexual Health Survey, a cross-sectional study of the US adult population. We compared sexual health outcomes among individuals who had initiated sexual activity at an early or l…
Same-sex attraction, social relationships, psychosocial functioning, and school performance in early adolescence
The authors examined whether 13- to 15-year-old adolescents who experience feelings of same-sex attraction (SSA) differ from those without such feelings in the quality of relationships with parents, peers, and class mentors and in psychosocial functioning (health status and school performance). The authors also assessed whether differences in psychosocial functioning resulted from differences in the quality of social relationships. Data were coll…
Sexual Orientation and Mental and Physical Health Status: Findings From a Dutch Population Survey
Objectives. We sought to determine whether sexual orientation is related to mental and physical health and health behaviors in the general population. Methods. Data was derived from a health interview survey that was part of the second Dutch National Survey of General Practice, carried out in 2001 among an all-age random sample of the population. Of the 19685 persons invited to participate, 65% took part in the survey. Sexual orientation was asse…
And Then There was the Down Low: Introduction to Black and Latino Male Bisexualities
Relationship Trajectories and Psychological Well-Being Among Sexual Minority Youth
Suicidality and Sexual Orientation: Differences Between Men and Women in a General Population-Based Sample From The Netherlands
Sexual compulsivity among heterosexual college students
A growing body of literature suggests that an association exists between sexual compulsivity and participation in sexual behaviors that are high risk in terms of HIV/STD infection. In most of these studies, sexual compulsivity has been measured using the Sexual Compulsivity Scale. As yet, sexual compulsivity has only been assessed with this scale among individuals who are members of high risk groups for HIV infection or who are HIV-positive. In t…
Do homosexual persons use health care services more frequently than heterosexual persons: Findings from a Dutch population survey
Homophobic Name-Calling Among Secondary School Students and Its Implications for Mental Health
Kenyan Religious Leaders’ Views on Same-Sex Sexuality and Gender Nonconformity: Religious Freedom versus Constitutional Rights
Religion plays an important role in framing the public discourse on sexuality, especially in countries where religion fully permeates social life. We explored the perspectives of Kenyan religious leaders on sexual and gender diversity in their country's specific context. A total of 212 Catholic, Islamic, and Protestant leaders from urban centers and rural townships completed a self-administered questionnaire specifically developed for this study.…
Gender Nonconformity, Homophobic Peer Victimization, and Mental Health: How Same-Sex Attraction and Biological Sex Matter
We assessed whether homophobic name-calling accounts for the relationship between gender nonconformity and mental health (social anxiety and psychological distress) in a sample of 1,026 Dutch adolescents (boys: n = 517) ages 11 to 16 (Mage = 13.4). We also explored whether this hypothesized mediation differs by sexual attraction and biological sex. Data were collected by means of paper-and-pencil questionnaires at five secondary schools located i…
Gender Nonconformity and Peer Victimization: Sex and Sexual Attraction Differences by Age
Among 2,185 Dutch adolescents (ages 11 to 18), we assessed whether the association among gender nonconformity, homophobic name-calling, and other general peer victimization differs for boys and girls and for youth with and without same-sex attraction (SSA). We also examined whether sex and sexual attraction differences in the association between gender nonconformity and both types of peer victimization are dependent upon adolescents' age. Data we…
School Environment and the Mental Health of Sexual Minority Youths: A Study Among Dutch Young Adolescents
Objectives. We examined whether structural elements of the school environment, in particular cultural pluralism and consistency and clarity of school rules and expectations of students, could mitigate the risk for mental health problems among young sexual minority adolescents. Methods. Data were collected in 2008 by means of a computer-based questionnaire completed at school by 513 young Dutch adolescents (12–15 years old) during regular class ti…
Victimization and Suicidality Among Dutch Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youths
We examined Netherlands Institute for Social Research data, collected between May and August 2009, on 274 Dutch lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths. The data showed that victimization at school was associated with suicidal ideation and actual suicide attempts. Homophobic rejection by parents was also associated with actual suicide attempts. Suicidality in this population could be reduced by supporting coping strategies of lesbian, gay, and bisexual…
Ethnicity, Gender Socialization, and Children's Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbian Women
The aim of the present study was to assess whether children's attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women differ in relation to their ethnic backgrounds and whether ethnic differences are a result of perceived differential gender socialization practices. Data were collected from children in eight Dutch elementary schools by means of a paper-and-pencil questionnaire administered in the classroom. All children (mean age 11.47; N = 229) lived in the …
The Effects of Three Types of Sexual Orientation Victimization on HIV Sexual Risk Behavior Among Black South African Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM)
The goal of this study is to examine the relations between histories of three types of sexual orientation victimization (childhood, personal, and institutional) and HIV sexual risk behavior among Black South African men who have sex with men (MSM). Secondarily, this study examines whether marijuana use and problem drinking mediate the relations. Participants were 125 Black MSM recruited from neighborhoods in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Q…
Sexual Behavior and Depression Among HIV-Positive Gay Men
Same-Sex Sexual Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders: Findings From the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (Nemesis)
BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that homosexuality is associated with psychiatric morbidity. This study examined differences between heterosexually and homosexually active subjects in 12-month and lifetime prevalence of DSM-III-R mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders in a representative sample of the Dutch population (N = 7076; aged 18-64 years). METHODS: Data were collected in face-to-face interviews, using the Composite International Dia…
Sexual compulsivity among heterosexual college students
A growing body of literature suggests that an association exists between sexual compulsivity and participation in sexual behaviors that are high risk in terms of HIV/STD infection. In most of these studies, sexual compulsivity has been measured using the Sexual Compulsivity Scale. As yet, sexual compulsivity has only been assessed with this scale among individuals who are members of high risk groups for HIV infection or who are HIV-positive. In t…
Sexual Health Among Male College Students in the United States and the Netherlands
Findings suggest that sexuality education seems to decrease, rather than increase, sexual risk in heterosexually active male college students
Sexual Orientation and Mental and Physical Health Status: Findings From a Dutch Population Survey
Objectives. We sought to determine whether sexual orientation is related to mental and physical health and health behaviors in the general population. Methods. Data was derived from a health interview survey that was part of the second Dutch National Survey of General Practice, carried out in 2001 among an all-age random sample of the population. Of the 19685 persons invited to participate, 65% took part in the survey. Sexual orientation was asse…
Suicidality and Sexual Orientation: Differences Between Men and Women in a General Population-Based Sample From The Netherlands
Do homosexual persons use health care services more frequently than heterosexual persons: Findings from a Dutch population survey
Religion and spirituality among bisexual Black men in the USA
Traditionally, religion has been a major source of institutional support and well-being for Black people in the USA. However, when juxtaposed against sexuality, religion's positive effect upon the lives of non-heterosexual individuals is questionable. Research suggests that non-heterosexuals often abandon structured religion for spirituality due to the homonegativity perpetuated through religious institutions. Although studies have examined relig…
Long-Term Health Correlates of Timing of Sexual Debut: Results From a National US Study
Objectives. We explored long-term health consequences of age at sexual initiation and of abstinence until marriage to evaluate empirical support for the claim that postponing sexual initiation has beneficial health effects. Methods. We analyzed data from the 1996 National Sexual Health Survey, a cross-sectional study of the US adult population. We compared sexual health outcomes among individuals who had initiated sexual activity at an early or l…
Same-sex attraction, social relationships, psychosocial functioning, and school performance in early adolescence
The authors examined whether 13- to 15-year-old adolescents who experience feelings of same-sex attraction (SSA) differ from those without such feelings in the quality of relationships with parents, peers, and class mentors and in psychosocial functioning (health status and school performance). The authors also assessed whether differences in psychosocial functioning resulted from differences in the quality of social relationships. Data were coll…
Children in planned lesbian families: A cross-cultural comparison between the United States and the Netherlands
A total of 78 planned lesbian families in the United States were compared with 74 planned lesbian families in the Netherlands. Children were interviewed about disclosure to peers about living in a lesbian family and about their experiences of homophobia; mothers filled out the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results showed that Dutch children were more open about growing up in a lesbian family, experienced less homophobia, and demonstrated fewer…
And Then There was the Down Low: Introduction to Black and Latino Male Bisexualities
School Environment and the Mental Health of Sexual Minority Youths: A Study Among Dutch Young Adolescents
Objectives. We examined whether structural elements of the school environment, in particular cultural pluralism and consistency and clarity of school rules and expectations of students, could mitigate the risk for mental health problems among young sexual minority adolescents. Methods. Data were collected in 2008 by means of a computer-based questionnaire completed at school by 513 young Dutch adolescents (12–15 years old) during regular class ti…
Relationship Trajectories and Psychological Well-Being Among Sexual Minority Youth
Ethnicity, Gender Socialization, and Children's Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbian Women
The aim of the present study was to assess whether children's attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women differ in relation to their ethnic backgrounds and whether ethnic differences are a result of perceived differential gender socialization practices. Data were collected from children in eight Dutch elementary schools by means of a paper-and-pencil questionnaire administered in the classroom. All children (mean age 11.47; N = 229) lived in the …
African same-sex sexualities and gender-diversity: An introduction
We thank the organisations that contributed to the realisation of the conference on 'Same-sex Sexualities and Gender Diversity', including AMSHeR; Behind the Mask; GALCK; Gender DynamiX; the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York; Hivos; the Human Sciences Research Council; Humure; the International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission; the UNDP and GALA. Hivos was the main sponsor of the conference. Co-sponsors were the Open…
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity/Expression Related Peer Victimization in Adolescence: A Systematic Review of Associated Psychosocial and Health Outcomes
Victimization and Suicidality Among Dutch Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youths
We examined Netherlands Institute for Social Research data, collected between May and August 2009, on 274 Dutch lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths. The data showed that victimization at school was associated with suicidal ideation and actual suicide attempts. Homophobic rejection by parents was also associated with actual suicide attempts. Suicidality in this population could be reduced by supporting coping strategies of lesbian, gay, and bisexual…
Homophobic Name-Calling Among Secondary School Students and Its Implications for Mental Health
They think that gays have money’: Gender identity and transactional sex among Black men who have sex with men in four South African townships
Transactional sex has not been studied much among men who have sex with men in Africa. Consequently, little is understood about attitudes towards the practice, the circumstances that give rise to it or how transactional sex relationships are managed. We conducted in-depth interviews with 81 Black men aged 20-44 from four low-resourced townships in Tshwane, South Africa. We found that transactional sex was a widely used strategy for initiating and…
Gender Nonconformity, Homophobic Peer Victimization, and Mental Health: How Same-Sex Attraction and Biological Sex Matter
We assessed whether homophobic name-calling accounts for the relationship between gender nonconformity and mental health (social anxiety and psychological distress) in a sample of 1,026 Dutch adolescents (boys: n = 517) ages 11 to 16 (Mage = 13.4). We also explored whether this hypothesized mediation differs by sexual attraction and biological sex. Data were collected by means of paper-and-pencil questionnaires at five secondary schools located i…
Attitudes toward Bisexual Men and Women among a Nationally Representative Probability Sample of Adults in the United States
As bisexual individuals in the United States (U.S.) face significant health disparities, researchers have posited that these differences may be fueled, at least in part, by negative attitudes, prejudice, stigma, and discrimination toward bisexual individuals from heterosexual and gay/lesbian individuals. Previous studies of individual and social attitudes toward bisexual men and women have been conducted almost exclusively with convenience sample…
Kenyan Religious Leaders’ Views on Same-Sex Sexuality and Gender Nonconformity: Religious Freedom versus Constitutional Rights
Religion plays an important role in framing the public discourse on sexuality, especially in countries where religion fully permeates social life. We explored the perspectives of Kenyan religious leaders on sexual and gender diversity in their country's specific context. A total of 212 Catholic, Islamic, and Protestant leaders from urban centers and rural townships completed a self-administered questionnaire specifically developed for this study.…
South African Men Who Have Sex With Both Men and Women and How They Differ From Men Who Have Sex With Men Exclusively
The label "men who have sex with men" (MSM) is used to categorize a diverse population exclusively on the basis of its sexual behavior. Understanding the diversity that this label comprises is critical for the development of health interventions that effectively reach the various populations subsumed under this label. In this cross-sectional study of South African MSM (N = 480) recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS), we explored diffe…
Gender Nonconformity and Peer Victimization: Sex and Sexual Attraction Differences by Age
Among 2,185 Dutch adolescents (ages 11 to 18), we assessed whether the association among gender nonconformity, homophobic name-calling, and other general peer victimization differs for boys and girls and for youth with and without same-sex attraction (SSA). We also examined whether sex and sexual attraction differences in the association between gender nonconformity and both types of peer victimization are dependent upon adolescents' age. Data we…
Psychology (23 works) · Clinical Psychology (18 works) · Medicine (17 works) · LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy (15 works) · Developmental psychology (13 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (13 works) · Psychiatry (12 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (11 works) · Demography (11 works) · Social Psychology (11 works)