David Thomas Orique
Biographic Data
| ID | 1361552 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Thomas Orique |
| GIVEN NAMES | David Thomas |
| FAMILY NAME | Orique |
| SIGNATURE | ORIQUE D T |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 4 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 28 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2013 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Bishops, Priests, and Celam
This chapter examines the evolution of the role and image of Latin American priests and bishops during the second half of the twentieth century. This period saw the emergence of new forms of clerical and episcopal organization, such as CELAM (the Latin American Episcopal Conference, or Consejo Episcopal Latinoamericano ), as well as new ideas regarding clerical training, pastoral care, and hierarchical obedience. Such developments not only shaped…
Time and Christianity in Early Latin America
The arrival of Christianity in the Americas and its long-term development throughout the colonial era were closely connected to questions of time—whether the human experience and manipulation of time, the crafting of historical memory, or the imagining of potential futures. Exploring classic and recent scholarship on the colonial era, this chapter considers some of the ways that the history of Christianity in early Latin America is also a history…
Scholastic Theology, Justice, and the Conquest of the Americas
This chapter examines the scholastic idea of justice presented in the lectures, writings, and advocacy of key Spanish theologians during the early conquests of Amerindian peoples in the sixteenth century. Indebted to the medieval tradition and associated with the University of Salamanca, these Spanish theologians espoused a scholastic method of inquiry grounded in fundamental principles of justice and natural law. Their brand of early modern scho…
Mary, Mother of Jesus
Throughout the history of Christianity in Latin America, Mary has been portrayed in multiple manifestations (e.g. Our Lady of Charity in Cuba, Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia in the Dominican Republic, and Nossa Senhora Aparecida in Brazil). She is the official patron of countries, cities, and neighborhoods, known by many names in devotional practices, and central to the region’s religio-social history. Given Latin America’s rich, varied, and com…
Protestant Innovative Evangelizing to Oral Cultures in Guatemala
Protestant missions to Guatemala, in varying degrees, incorporated innovative oral, visual, and audio evangelizing strategies in their proselytizing. The traditional mainline Protestant bias favoring the “triumph of literacy” over oral/audible forms of learning sidetracked those missions engaged in vernacular translations of the Bible away from direct evangelization and toward investment of significant financial and human resources into literacy …
Activist Christians, the Human Rights Movement, and Democratization in Latin America
This chapter is a critical literature review of recent social science research describing and analyzing the participation of Christian churches in various phases of the human rights movement in Latin America. Spanning the period from 1964 to the present, such human rights activism took place in the contexts of authoritarian rule, civil war, democratic transitions, and the consolidation of democracy. The chapter focuses on the influence of Christi…
MainLine Protestantism in Latin America
Far from being a newcomer, mainline Protestantism has played a number of roles in the Latin American religious drama. In the colonial era, it represented the dangerous Other vis-à-vis the political, social, and religious structures. In the late eighteenth century, Protestantism was identified with Enlightenment ideas that were perceived as dangerous to the colonial order. During the independence period of the early nineteenth century, Protestant …
Prophetic Martyrdom in Modern Latin America
Following the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), over a thousand priests and religious sisters and brothers were exiled, imprisoned, tortured, or murdered in Latin America by authoritarian governments. A much larger number of lay Church workers were also incarcerated, brutalized, or killed. Most suffered or died because, following the ideals of Vatican II and the Second Latin American Bishops Conference at Medellín, Colombia (1968), they committ…
Marshaling the Faithful
It often is assumed that Catholicism in Mexico prior to independence was a corporate matter, whereas afterward it became an increasingly individual affair. When scholars have explored collective expressions of modern religious culture, they typically have focused on indigenous brotherhoods in rural communities. The present chapter, in contrast, offers a comprehensive picture of the full spectrum of associations, devotional organizations, and soda…
Catholic Laity in the Latin American Church
Before Vatican II, pastoral theology reflected a clear distinction between the ordained and non-ordained members of the Church, but a gradual nuancing of this issue was taking place in Latin America as early as the 1950s. In those areas, there had been rather intensive study of “modern” European theologians. Through their writings and pastoral visits to the region of America, these progressive European theologians began to strongly influence Lati…
(Un)Making Christianity
This chapter argues that although colonial authorities and church officials in the Iberian Americas limited Afro-Latin American participation in Catholic religious practices, men and women of the African Diaspora shaped colonial Latin American Catholicism. The Iberian Crowns, as well as early modern colonial clerics, profited from the transatlantic slave trade and the labor of enslaved Africans and their descendants. As a major financial and poli…
The Sacred Art of Counter-Conquest
From works of monumental architecture to vernacular expressions of “folk” religion, objects of material religion secure and orient lived faith in Latin America. Sacred power in Latin America emanates from a particular web of connection between image, altar, and chapel. These material manifestations of the sacred reflect the pain and paradox of their colonial origins and thus must be contextualized and historicized in relation to the structures of…
Liberation Theology’s Spiritual Legacy for the Latin American Church
Spirituality has increasingly become an important interpretive key to understand the develop of theologies in Latin America over the last 50 years, particularly Latin America Liberation Theology. This chapter presents some of the most important background of Liberation Theology by describing its theological emphasis and its implications for the pastoral work. This theological work has been consequential not only for the Catholic Church, but also …
A New Pentecost
This chapter deals with a classic anthropological study in Latin American religious history: the conversion, in the middle of the twentieth century, of a Puerto Rican sugarcane worker to Pentecostalism. The author expands that study to analyze the geometrical expansion of Pentecostal and charismatic Christianity in Latin America. It discusses issues like glossolalia, divine healing, charismatic worship, missionary expansion of the Pentecostal chu…
The Ambivalence of Catholic Politics in Latin America
The Catholic Church in Latin America has played far-reaching and diverse roles in the political sphere. In the 1970s and 1980s, Catholic leaders used the Church’s prestige and its considerable resources to defend human rights and promote democratic transitions in several countries; in the modern democratic context the Church has facilitated action on social justice issues such as land reform, inequality, and the rights of the indigenous. Yet it h…
Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism in Latin America
Pentecostalism, a Christian renewal movement that emphasizes ecstatic bodily worship and charismatic practices, transformed Latin American Christianity over the course of the twentieth century. While they were influenced by the disruptive North American Holiness movements from which their piety originated, converts adapted Pentecostal Christianity to local economic and political realities that generated new, Latin American forms of Pentecostalism…
Millenarian Movements
Latin American millenarian movements, rooted in the Christian expectation of Jesus’ thousand-year kingdom, creatively integrated Catholic folklore and apocalyptics with indigenous concepts of dualism and cyclic regeneration. Hopes for spiritual revitalization in indigenous communities, religious renewal among peasant groups, and ecclesiastical autonomy among dissident parties inspired rebellion when the colonial and post-colonial governments crea…
Conversion Processes and Social Networks in Latin America
Different varieties of Pentecostalism are successful in Latin America, where Chile, Brazil, and the Central American countries are now 20 to 30 percent Protestant. This chapter analyzes conversion processes and social networks in Latin America by comparing the two extremes of Pentecostal growth. Paraguay is arguably the least Pentecostalized country in the region, whereas Chile is one of the most Pentecostal. Based on recent ethnographic fieldwor…
Catholicism, Revolution, and Counter-Revolution in Twentieth-Century Latin America
Revolution divided Roman Catholics during the twentieth century in Latin America. Although Catholic activists formed ranks on all sides of Latin America’s social conflict, revolutionary anticlericalism, land reform, and state education became important wedge issues that kept the Catholic Church hierarchy on the side of counterrevolution. This chapter surveys Latin America’s “Big Three” social revolutions, beginning with Mexico (1910–1940), Cuba a…
Christianity and Ecology in Latin America
This chapter explores Christianity and ecology in Latin America by charting the religious beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church and liberation theologians, ecofeminist movements, and Protestant faith traditions (emphasizing evangelical and Pentecostal Protestantism). In each case, religious symbols, theologies, rituals, and movements are analyzed as they relate to the nonhuman world. The chapter begins with initial contact between Ro…
Liberation Theology
In the 1960s, young Latin American theologians proposed that the circumstances of their continent—overwhelmingly poor and Catholic—raised questions that required their own theology. These questions arose from a pastoral context, but had political implications. They have pursued these questions through different contexts, especially the military dictatorships and the conflicts in Central America. In the 1980s, dozens of theologians worked together…
The Course of Catholic History in Latin America
The chapter presents a general narrative of 500 years of Christian history in Latin America, placing particular emphasis on the most controversial developments and debates. Among them are the “struggle for justice” and questions concerning acculturation and “syncretism” in the sixteenth century; the links between popular piety and Baroque spirituality and their clash, first with Jansenism and then with Bourbon reformism in the seventeenth and eig…
The Making of Colonial Christianity in Hispanic America
The Catholic Church was one of the most important institutions of colonial Latin America; yet, it is poorly understood by many scholars. This chapter outlines the important features of the Catholic Church both from the point of view of institutional structure and the impact of these on the society at large. While generally considered a monolithic institution, the Church consisted of many disparate and often competing units. The clergy itself was …
Alternative Christianities
This chapter provides a clear but concise history of three of the more prominent proselytizing religious groups in Latin America: Mormons, Seventh-day Adventists, and Jehovah’s Witnesses. All three were founded in the United States in the nineteenth century, but for varying reasons began a global expansion that included efforts in Latin America. The different motivations behind their global expansion are detailed in the chapter. The groups have d…
Rights, Religion, and Violence at Mexico’s Borders
How do the faithful, poor and non-poor alike, live their everyday faith in the context of poverty, violence, and oppression? How have different sectors of church leadership understood and responded to poverty and violence? How have acts of the faithful pressured members of the church leadership to respond? The chapter explores violence in contemporary Latin America and the Church’s involvement in politics to resist such violence. It focuses on Me…
No prominent works on this page.
Llamado a la misión pacífica
The Life, Labor, and Legacy of Bartolomé de Las Casas
Additional informationNotes on contributorsDavid Thomas OriqueDavid Thomas Orique, O.P., Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor of History and the Director of Latin American Studies at Providence College, Rhode Island. He has conducted research in Spain, Portugal, England, and other European countries as well as in fourteen Latin American nations. E-mail: [email protected]
Oxford Handbook of Latin American Christianity
Bishops, Priests, and Celam
This chapter examines the evolution of the role and image of Latin American priests and bishops during the second half of the twentieth century. This period saw the emergence of new forms of clerical and episcopal organization, such as CELAM (the Latin American Episcopal Conference, or Consejo Episcopal Latinoamericano ), as well as new ideas regarding clerical training, pastoral care, and hierarchical obedience. Such developments not only shaped…
Time and Christianity in Early Latin America
The arrival of Christianity in the Americas and its long-term development throughout the colonial era were closely connected to questions of time—whether the human experience and manipulation of time, the crafting of historical memory, or the imagining of potential futures. Exploring classic and recent scholarship on the colonial era, this chapter considers some of the ways that the history of Christianity in early Latin America is also a history…
Scholastic Theology, Justice, and the Conquest of the Americas
This chapter examines the scholastic idea of justice presented in the lectures, writings, and advocacy of key Spanish theologians during the early conquests of Amerindian peoples in the sixteenth century. Indebted to the medieval tradition and associated with the University of Salamanca, these Spanish theologians espoused a scholastic method of inquiry grounded in fundamental principles of justice and natural law. Their brand of early modern scho…
Mary, Mother of Jesus
Throughout the history of Christianity in Latin America, Mary has been portrayed in multiple manifestations (e.g. Our Lady of Charity in Cuba, Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia in the Dominican Republic, and Nossa Senhora Aparecida in Brazil). She is the official patron of countries, cities, and neighborhoods, known by many names in devotional practices, and central to the region’s religio-social history. Given Latin America’s rich, varied, and com…
Protestant Innovative Evangelizing to Oral Cultures in Guatemala
Protestant missions to Guatemala, in varying degrees, incorporated innovative oral, visual, and audio evangelizing strategies in their proselytizing. The traditional mainline Protestant bias favoring the “triumph of literacy” over oral/audible forms of learning sidetracked those missions engaged in vernacular translations of the Bible away from direct evangelization and toward investment of significant financial and human resources into literacy …
Activist Christians, the Human Rights Movement, and Democratization in Latin America
This chapter is a critical literature review of recent social science research describing and analyzing the participation of Christian churches in various phases of the human rights movement in Latin America. Spanning the period from 1964 to the present, such human rights activism took place in the contexts of authoritarian rule, civil war, democratic transitions, and the consolidation of democracy. The chapter focuses on the influence of Christi…
MainLine Protestantism in Latin America
Far from being a newcomer, mainline Protestantism has played a number of roles in the Latin American religious drama. In the colonial era, it represented the dangerous Other vis-à-vis the political, social, and religious structures. In the late eighteenth century, Protestantism was identified with Enlightenment ideas that were perceived as dangerous to the colonial order. During the independence period of the early nineteenth century, Protestant …
Prophetic Martyrdom in Modern Latin America
Following the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), over a thousand priests and religious sisters and brothers were exiled, imprisoned, tortured, or murdered in Latin America by authoritarian governments. A much larger number of lay Church workers were also incarcerated, brutalized, or killed. Most suffered or died because, following the ideals of Vatican II and the Second Latin American Bishops Conference at Medellín, Colombia (1968), they committ…
Marshaling the Faithful
It often is assumed that Catholicism in Mexico prior to independence was a corporate matter, whereas afterward it became an increasingly individual affair. When scholars have explored collective expressions of modern religious culture, they typically have focused on indigenous brotherhoods in rural communities. The present chapter, in contrast, offers a comprehensive picture of the full spectrum of associations, devotional organizations, and soda…
Catholic Laity in the Latin American Church
Before Vatican II, pastoral theology reflected a clear distinction between the ordained and non-ordained members of the Church, but a gradual nuancing of this issue was taking place in Latin America as early as the 1950s. In those areas, there had been rather intensive study of “modern” European theologians. Through their writings and pastoral visits to the region of America, these progressive European theologians began to strongly influence Lati…
(Un)Making Christianity
This chapter argues that although colonial authorities and church officials in the Iberian Americas limited Afro-Latin American participation in Catholic religious practices, men and women of the African Diaspora shaped colonial Latin American Catholicism. The Iberian Crowns, as well as early modern colonial clerics, profited from the transatlantic slave trade and the labor of enslaved Africans and their descendants. As a major financial and poli…
The Sacred Art of Counter-Conquest
From works of monumental architecture to vernacular expressions of “folk” religion, objects of material religion secure and orient lived faith in Latin America. Sacred power in Latin America emanates from a particular web of connection between image, altar, and chapel. These material manifestations of the sacred reflect the pain and paradox of their colonial origins and thus must be contextualized and historicized in relation to the structures of…
Liberation Theology’s Spiritual Legacy for the Latin American Church
Spirituality has increasingly become an important interpretive key to understand the develop of theologies in Latin America over the last 50 years, particularly Latin America Liberation Theology. This chapter presents some of the most important background of Liberation Theology by describing its theological emphasis and its implications for the pastoral work. This theological work has been consequential not only for the Catholic Church, but also …
A New Pentecost
This chapter deals with a classic anthropological study in Latin American religious history: the conversion, in the middle of the twentieth century, of a Puerto Rican sugarcane worker to Pentecostalism. The author expands that study to analyze the geometrical expansion of Pentecostal and charismatic Christianity in Latin America. It discusses issues like glossolalia, divine healing, charismatic worship, missionary expansion of the Pentecostal chu…
The Ambivalence of Catholic Politics in Latin America
The Catholic Church in Latin America has played far-reaching and diverse roles in the political sphere. In the 1970s and 1980s, Catholic leaders used the Church’s prestige and its considerable resources to defend human rights and promote democratic transitions in several countries; in the modern democratic context the Church has facilitated action on social justice issues such as land reform, inequality, and the rights of the indigenous. Yet it h…
Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism in Latin America
Pentecostalism, a Christian renewal movement that emphasizes ecstatic bodily worship and charismatic practices, transformed Latin American Christianity over the course of the twentieth century. While they were influenced by the disruptive North American Holiness movements from which their piety originated, converts adapted Pentecostal Christianity to local economic and political realities that generated new, Latin American forms of Pentecostalism…
Millenarian Movements
Latin American millenarian movements, rooted in the Christian expectation of Jesus’ thousand-year kingdom, creatively integrated Catholic folklore and apocalyptics with indigenous concepts of dualism and cyclic regeneration. Hopes for spiritual revitalization in indigenous communities, religious renewal among peasant groups, and ecclesiastical autonomy among dissident parties inspired rebellion when the colonial and post-colonial governments crea…
Conversion Processes and Social Networks in Latin America
Different varieties of Pentecostalism are successful in Latin America, where Chile, Brazil, and the Central American countries are now 20 to 30 percent Protestant. This chapter analyzes conversion processes and social networks in Latin America by comparing the two extremes of Pentecostal growth. Paraguay is arguably the least Pentecostalized country in the region, whereas Chile is one of the most Pentecostal. Based on recent ethnographic fieldwor…
Catholicism, Revolution, and Counter-Revolution in Twentieth-Century Latin America
Revolution divided Roman Catholics during the twentieth century in Latin America. Although Catholic activists formed ranks on all sides of Latin America’s social conflict, revolutionary anticlericalism, land reform, and state education became important wedge issues that kept the Catholic Church hierarchy on the side of counterrevolution. This chapter surveys Latin America’s “Big Three” social revolutions, beginning with Mexico (1910–1940), Cuba a…
Christianity and Ecology in Latin America
This chapter explores Christianity and ecology in Latin America by charting the religious beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church and liberation theologians, ecofeminist movements, and Protestant faith traditions (emphasizing evangelical and Pentecostal Protestantism). In each case, religious symbols, theologies, rituals, and movements are analyzed as they relate to the nonhuman world. The chapter begins with initial contact between Ro…
Liberation Theology
In the 1960s, young Latin American theologians proposed that the circumstances of their continent—overwhelmingly poor and Catholic—raised questions that required their own theology. These questions arose from a pastoral context, but had political implications. They have pursued these questions through different contexts, especially the military dictatorships and the conflicts in Central America. In the 1980s, dozens of theologians worked together…
The Course of Catholic History in Latin America
The chapter presents a general narrative of 500 years of Christian history in Latin America, placing particular emphasis on the most controversial developments and debates. Among them are the “struggle for justice” and questions concerning acculturation and “syncretism” in the sixteenth century; the links between popular piety and Baroque spirituality and their clash, first with Jansenism and then with Bourbon reformism in the seventeenth and eig…
Political science (26 works) · Law (25 works) · Sociology (24 works) · Latin Americans (22 works) · History (21 works) · Philosophy (20 works) · Religious studies (16 works) · Christianity (14 works) · Politics (14 works) · Theology (13 works)