William H Frey
Biographic Data
| ID | 137604 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William H Frey |
| GIVEN NAMES | William H |
| FAMILY NAME | Frey |
| SIGNATURE | FREY W H |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6373-0794 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 42 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 911 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1976 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Perspectives démographiques aux États-Unis: Vieillissement, diversification ethnique et dynamique migratoire
Le U.S. Census Bureau, en charge des statistiques démographiques des États-Unis, a publié, au printemps 2023, de nouvelles données issues du recensement de 2020 puis, fin 2023, de nouvelles projections relatives à la population américaine, qui ont confirmé un certain nombre de tendances déjà soulignées dans ces colonnes. William Frey, de la Brookings Institution, présente ici les principaux enseignements à retenir de ces nouvelles données. Il poi…
Diversification de la population des États-Unis: Tendances à l’aune du recensement 2020
Alors que les Américains s'apprêtent à élire leur nouveau président, le 3 novembre prochain, la situation du pays est particulièrement tendue depuis plusieurs mois et le regain du mouvement Black Lives Matter. Plusieurs décès controversés de Noirs américains lors d'interpellations policières ont en effet entraîné une série de manifestations et d'émeutes depuis le printemps 2020, dénonçant la persistance du racisme au sein des forces de l'ordre si…
Diversity Explosion: How New Racial Demographics are Remaking America
Race is once again a contentious topic in America, as shown by the divisive rise of Donald Trump and the activism of groups like Black Lives Matter. Yet,Diversity Explosionargues that the current period of profound racial change will lead to a less divided nation than today's older whites or younger minorities fear. Prominent demographer William Frey sees America's emerging diversity boom as good news for a country that would otherwise become iso…
Diversity Explosion: How New Racial Demographics are Remaking America
1. A Pivotal Period for Racial Change 2. Old versus Young: Cultural Generation Gaps 3. America's New Racial Map 4. Hispanics Fan Out: Who Goes Where? 5. Asians in America: Where They Matter Most 6. The Great Migration in Reverse 7. Zero-Sum Game: White Gains and Losses 8. Melting Pot Cities and Suburbs 9. Neighborhood Segregation-Delayed Declines 10. Mixed-Race Marriages and Multicultural America 11. Race and Politics: Red, Blue, and Purple State…
Demographic dynamics and natural disasters: Learning from Katrina and Rita
Multivariate explanation of the 1985–1990 and 1995–2000 destination choices of newly arrived immigrants in the United States: The beginning of a new trend
On page 11, one sentence was deleted in error. The paragraphs should have read as follows: (. . .) We assume that most of the individuals in the first term retired as a consequence of entering into the 65–69 age group in 1985–1990. For each state as a potential destination for the 1995–2000 new immigrants, this place attribute was computed from the 2000 Census data in an analogous way. In light of the possibility that the destination choice behav…
Multivariate explanation of the 1985–1990 and 1995–2000 destination choices of newly arrived immigrants in the United States: The beginning of a new trend
This paper identifies the salient features in the 1985–1990 and 1995–2000 destination choices of newly arrived immigrants, and performs multivariate explanation of these choices, based on an application of a multinomial logit model to the state‐specific immigration data of the 1990 and 2000 censuses. The salient features are that: (1) the destination choice pattern of the newly arrived immigrants became more dispersed from the late 1980s to the l…
Location of Adult Children as an Attraction for Black and White Elderly Primary Migrants in the United States
By using information on state of birth in the 1990 Census of the United States, the authors create a variable serving as a proxy for the distribution of adult children in 1985. This variable is then used in a two-level nested logit model to explain the 1985 - 90 interstate primary migration of elderly black people and elderly white people within the context of environmental amenities and other factors. The main findings are as follows. First, the…
State magnets for different elderly migrant types in the United States
This article identifies a number of elderly ‘migrant types’ in the United States using census data information on state of birth and state of residence prior to the 1985–90 migration period. This typology is useful because it points out significant socio-demographic profiles associated with each migrant type with distinct impacts on elderly ‘magnet’ states. States that serve as classic retirement magnets (e.g. Florida, Arizona) and second-tier re…
Destination choices of the 1985-90 young adult immigrants to the United States: Importance of race, educational attainment, and labour market forces
The continued concentration of immigrants into a select number of port-of-entry states has focused both the benefits and burdens of immigration on their residents and local governments. The fact that immigrants concentrate in these areas at the same time as domestic migrants are relocating elsewhere suggests that conventional labour market forces play a lesser role than ethnic ties in affecting immigrants’ initial destination choices. This paper …
South-North Immigrants' Settlement and Opportunity Structures in the U.S
The increased migration to the U.S. from developing countries in Latin America and Asia has aroused concerns that new immigrants will impose new costs on U.S. citizens and the government. Less concern has been given to how current policy is affecting the social well being of immigrants them-selves. This article makes the case that the new immigration, motivated by kinship ties and family reunification provisions of U.S. immigration law leads to a…
Immigration, Welfare Magnets and the Geography of Child Poverty in the United States
Latino, Asian, and black segregation in U.S. metropolitan areas: Are multiethnic metros different
This study examines 1990 residential segregation levels and 1980-1990 changes in segregation for Latinos, Asians, and blacks in U.S. metropolitan areas. It also evaluates the effect of emerging multiethnic metropolitan area contexts for these segregation patterns. While black segregation levels are still well above those for Latinos and Asians, there is some trend toward convergence over the decade. More than half of the areas increased their Lat…
Interstate migration of the US poverty population: Immigration “pushes” and welfare magnet “pulls”
Immigration, Domestic Migration, and Demographic Balkanization in America: New Evidence for the 1990s
The recent scrutiny given to the impact of post-1965 immigration to the United States has largely overlooked an important long-term consequence: social and demographic divisions across regions that are being created by distinctly different migration patterns of immigrants and domestic mostly native-born migrants. Evidence for 1990-95 shows a continuation of: highly focused destinations among immigrants whose race-ethnic and skill-level profiles d…
Immigration impacts on internal migration of the poor: 1990 Census evidence for US states
This article presents newly-available migration data from the 1990 U.S. census to assess immigration and internal migration components as they affect state poverty populations. New immigrant waves are heavily focused on only a few 'port-of-entry' states. It is suggested that these immigrants have begun to impact upon internal migration into and out of these 'high immigration states', and have also altered the national system of internal migration…
Immigration and internal migration “flight”: A California case study
Immigration and Internal Migration 'Flight' from US Metropolitan Areas: Toward a New Demographic Balkanisation
Peer Reviewed
Changes in the Segregation of Whites from Blacks During the 1980s: Small Steps Toward a More Integrated Society
This paper represents the first analysis of black-white residential segregation for 1980-1990. It evaluates patterns for all metropolitan areas with substantial black populations. The results show a continued reduction in residential segregation across metropolitan areas suggesting that the forces aimed at lowering institutionalized segregation have had some effect. The next section recounts the primary influences on black-white segregation histo…
The New White Flight
The New Urban Revival in the United States
Peer Reviewed
The Revival of Metropolitan Population Growth in the United States: An Assessment of Findings from the 1990 Census
In this article we assess metropolitan-area growth patterns in the United States during the 1980s as revealed by 1990 census data. We evaluate these patterns against various explanations that were proposed to account for the altered developed-world redistribution tendencies of the 1970s....Urbanization reasserted itself after the rural renaissance of the 1970s....U.S. metropolitan areas once again grew faster than nonmetropolitan areas and the ge…
Census Monographs on Community Growth and Change
Regional and Metropolitan Growth and Decline in the United States
Metropolitan America in the 1970s
Changes in the Segregation of Whites from Blacks During the 1980s: Small Steps Toward a More Integrated Society
This paper represents the first analysis of black-white residential segregation for 1980-1990. It evaluates patterns for all metropolitan areas with substantial black populations. The results show a continued reduction in residential segregation across metropolitan areas suggesting that the forces aimed at lowering institutionalized segregation have had some effect. The next section recounts the primary influences on black-white segregation histo…
Central City White Flight: Racial and Nonracial Causes
Although residential while from large central cities is hardly a new phenomenon its cumulative adverse impact on the residual population has led policy makers to be wary of instituting programs which will further exacerbate the process. Recent policy debates have evolved over the question of whether white city-to-suburb movement is affected more significantly by racially-motivated causes or by conditions associated with the general economic and e…
Immigration and Internal Migration 'Flight' from US Metropolitan Areas: Toward a New Demographic Balkanisation
Peer Reviewed
Immigration, Domestic Migration, and Demographic Balkanization in America: New Evidence for the 1990s
The recent scrutiny given to the impact of post-1965 immigration to the United States has largely overlooked an important long-term consequence: social and demographic divisions across regions that are being created by distinctly different migration patterns of immigrants and domestic mostly native-born migrants. Evidence for 1990-95 shows a continuation of: highly focused destinations among immigrants whose race-ethnic and skill-level profiles d…
Migration and Depopulation of the Metropolis: Regional Restructuring or Rural Renaissance
Post-1970 population redistribution shifts in several developed countries have led to unprecedented population losses in their largest metropolitan areas. Migration processes that underlie these shifts in the US are evaluated in light of 2 theoretical perspectives that foresee decidedly different redistribution tendencies. This article evaluates the post-1970 redistribution transformation in the US in light of 2 theoretical perspectives that sugg…
Immigration and internal migration “flight”: A California case study
The New Urban Revival in the United States
Peer Reviewed
Changing families and changing mobility: Their impact on the central city
Urban scholars and planners look to evidence of recent gains in the number of nontraditional households as a potential source of increase to the population sizes and tax bases of declining central cities. While it is now well established that substantial gains in the numbers of small, nontraditional households have occurred since the 1950s, it has not been demonstrated that: (a) these households are more likely to relocate in the city than tradit…
Mover Destination Selectivity and the Changing Suburbanization of Metropolitan Whites and Blacks
Recent writings of scholars concerned with urban population shifts suggest that post-1970 patterns of population suburbanization have begun to operate in different and less predictable ways than in the past (Alonso, 1980; Pettigrew, 1980). One radical view suggests that declining central cities are becoming more attractive to a large and select segment of the metropolitan area's white population and that the black population has begun to embark o…
Multivariate explanation of the 1985–1990 and 1995–2000 destination choices of newly arrived immigrants in the United States: The beginning of a new trend
This paper identifies the salient features in the 1985–1990 and 1995–2000 destination choices of newly arrived immigrants, and performs multivariate explanation of these choices, based on an application of a multinomial logit model to the state‐specific immigration data of the 1990 and 2000 censuses. The salient features are that: (1) the destination choice pattern of the newly arrived immigrants became more dispersed from the late 1980s to the l…
Interstate migration of the US poverty population: Immigration “pushes” and welfare magnet “pulls”
The Revival of Metropolitan Population Growth in the United States: An Assessment of Findings from the 1990 Census
In this article we assess metropolitan-area growth patterns in the United States during the 1980s as revealed by 1990 census data. We evaluate these patterns against various explanations that were proposed to account for the altered developed-world redistribution tendencies of the 1970s....Urbanization reasserted itself after the rural renaissance of the 1970s....U.S. metropolitan areas once again grew faster than nonmetropolitan areas and the ge…
Lifecourse Migration of Metropolitan Whites and Blacks and the Structure of Demographic Change in Large Central Cities
Lifecourse (age-related) migration patterns played an important role in the racially selective suburbanization of metropolitan populations that took place in the immediate postwar decades. During this period, the members of successive white population cohorts chose suburban destinations just prior to the ages of greatest residential stability, and tended to remain in suburban locations for the remainder of the lifecourse. At the same time, member…
Black In-Migration, White Flight, and the Changing Economic Base of the Central City
Postwar declines in the economic bases of large older cities have been linked, in part, to the increasing share of low-income minorities in their residential populations. Since the groundwork for these changes was laid by decades of black cityward migration from the South and a substantial suburbanward movement of city whites during the immediate postwar years, policymakers are now becoming concerned with the race-migration consequences of propos…
Population movement and city-suburb redistribution: An analytic framework
This paper introduces an analytic framework that can be used to assess the relationships between individual movement differentials and place characteristics, on the one hand, and aggregate mobility levels and city-suburb population change (in size or composition), on the other. Application of this framework using census data for individual metropolitan areas allows the analyst to decompose population changes due to net migration into contributing…
Immigration impacts on internal migration of the poor: 1990 Census evidence for US states
This article presents newly-available migration data from the 1990 U.S. census to assess immigration and internal migration components as they affect state poverty populations. New immigrant waves are heavily focused on only a few 'port-of-entry' states. It is suggested that these immigrants have begun to impact upon internal migration into and out of these 'high immigration states', and have also altered the national system of internal migration…
Migration and Metropolitan Decline in Developed Countries: A Comparative Study
reversals in the world's developed countries since 1970. One of these reversals, which occurred in most developed countries (Vining, 1982), involves a new distribution out ofthe "core " industrial regions and into less developed "peripheral " regions that have, in the past, been associated primarily with agriculture, resource development, and lower level tertiary activities. A second reversal, documented in some countries (Champion, 1983; Hugo an…
The changing impact of white migration on the population compositions of origin and destination metropolitan areas
Increased migration to the sunbelt and the metropolitan-nonmetropolitan “turnaround” represent departures from long-standing redistribution trends. Although these patterns have been examined from a number of perspectives, their consequences for individual metropolitan areas have not yet been brought to light. In the present study, stream-disaggregated data for the late 1950s and late 1960s are employed to assess the impact of recent migration on …
Location of Adult Children as an Attraction for Black and White Elderly Primary Migrants in the United States
By using information on state of birth in the 1990 Census of the United States, the authors create a variable serving as a proxy for the distribution of adult children in 1985. This variable is then used in a two-level nested logit model to explain the 1985 - 90 interstate primary migration of elderly black people and elderly white people within the context of environmental amenities and other factors. The main findings are as follows. First, the…
White Flight and Central-City Loss: Application of an Analytic Migration Framework
This paper utilizes an analytic migration framework to assess the aggregate impact of selected community-level factors on white population losses experienced in central cities of large metropolitan areas. The framework identifies analytically distinct components of local and long-distance migration streams which contribute directly to central-city population change. Each component can be specified as a function of community-level attributes which…
Immigration, Welfare Magnets and the Geography of Child Poverty in the United States
A Multiregional Population-Projection Framework That Incorporates Both Migration and Residential Mobility Streams: Application to Metropolitan City-Suburb Redistribution
In this paper the author introduces a population-projection framework that incorporates interregional migration and intraregional residential mobility streams to project future population sizes both across and within regions in a manner that is consistent with existing migration theory. The author presents a general matrix model of the framework, shows how its parameters can be estimated from fixed-interval census migration data, and discusses ho…
Census Monographs on Community Growth and Change
Regional and Metropolitan Growth and Decline in the United States
Residential Mobility, Migration and Metropolitan Change
Minority Migrants in the Urban Community: Mexican-American and Negro Adjustment to Industrial Society
Population movement and city-suburb redistribution: An analytic framework
This paper introduces an analytic framework that can be used to assess the relationships between individual movement differentials and place characteristics, on the one hand, and aggregate mobility levels and city-suburb population change (in size or composition), on the other. Application of this framework using census data for individual metropolitan areas allows the analyst to decompose population changes due to net migration into contributing…
The changing impact of white migration on the population compositions of origin and destination metropolitan areas
Increased migration to the sunbelt and the metropolitan-nonmetropolitan “turnaround” represent departures from long-standing redistribution trends. Although these patterns have been examined from a number of perspectives, their consequences for individual metropolitan areas have not yet been brought to light. In the present study, stream-disaggregated data for the late 1950s and late 1960s are employed to assess the impact of recent migration on …
Central City White Flight: Racial and Nonracial Causes
Although residential while from large central cities is hardly a new phenomenon its cumulative adverse impact on the residual population has led policy makers to be wary of instituting programs which will further exacerbate the process. Recent policy debates have evolved over the question of whether white city-to-suburb movement is affected more significantly by racially-motivated causes or by conditions associated with the general economic and e…
White Flight and Central-City Loss: Application of an Analytic Migration Framework
This paper utilizes an analytic migration framework to assess the aggregate impact of selected community-level factors on white population losses experienced in central cities of large metropolitan areas. The framework identifies analytically distinct components of local and long-distance migration streams which contribute directly to central-city population change. Each component can be specified as a function of community-level attributes which…
Black In-Migration, White Flight, and the Changing Economic Base of the Central City
Postwar declines in the economic bases of large older cities have been linked, in part, to the increasing share of low-income minorities in their residential populations. Since the groundwork for these changes was laid by decades of black cityward migration from the South and a substantial suburbanward movement of city whites during the immediate postwar years, policymakers are now becoming concerned with the race-migration consequences of propos…
Changing families and changing mobility: Their impact on the central city
Urban scholars and planners look to evidence of recent gains in the number of nontraditional households as a potential source of increase to the population sizes and tax bases of declining central cities. While it is now well established that substantial gains in the numbers of small, nontraditional households have occurred since the 1950s, it has not been demonstrated that: (a) these households are more likely to relocate in the city than tradit…
A Multiregional Population-Projection Framework That Incorporates Both Migration and Residential Mobility Streams: Application to Metropolitan City-Suburb Redistribution
In this paper the author introduces a population-projection framework that incorporates interregional migration and intraregional residential mobility streams to project future population sizes both across and within regions in a manner that is consistent with existing migration theory. The author presents a general matrix model of the framework, shows how its parameters can be estimated from fixed-interval census migration data, and discusses ho…
Lifecourse Migration of Metropolitan Whites and Blacks and the Structure of Demographic Change in Large Central Cities
Lifecourse (age-related) migration patterns played an important role in the racially selective suburbanization of metropolitan populations that took place in the immediate postwar decades. During this period, the members of successive white population cohorts chose suburban destinations just prior to the ages of greatest residential stability, and tended to remain in suburban locations for the remainder of the lifecourse. At the same time, member…
Mover Destination Selectivity and the Changing Suburbanization of Metropolitan Whites and Blacks
Recent writings of scholars concerned with urban population shifts suggest that post-1970 patterns of population suburbanization have begun to operate in different and less predictable ways than in the past (Alonso, 1980; Pettigrew, 1980). One radical view suggests that declining central cities are becoming more attractive to a large and select segment of the metropolitan area's white population and that the black population has begun to embark o…
Two Studies of Emotion: Crying and Anger Control
Migration and Depopulation of the Metropolis: Regional Restructuring or Rural Renaissance
Post-1970 population redistribution shifts in several developed countries have led to unprecedented population losses in their largest metropolitan areas. Migration processes that underlie these shifts in the US are evaluated in light of 2 theoretical perspectives that foresee decidedly different redistribution tendencies. This article evaluates the post-1970 redistribution transformation in the US in light of 2 theoretical perspectives that sugg…
Regional and Metropolitan Growth and Decline in the US
Migration and Metropolitan Decline in Developed Countries: A Comparative Study
reversals in the world's developed countries since 1970. One of these reversals, which occurred in most developed countries (Vining, 1982), involves a new distribution out ofthe "core " industrial regions and into less developed "peripheral " regions that have, in the past, been associated primarily with agriculture, resource development, and lower level tertiary activities. A second reversal, documented in some countries (Champion, 1983; Hugo an…
Regional and Metropolitan Growth and Decline in the United States
This volume is 1 of a series aimed at converting the vast statistical yield of the 1980 US census into authoritative analyses of major trends and changes in American life. This volumes main objective is to interpret the redistribution patterns of the 1970s and early 1980s in light of the changing social and economic contexts for redistribution that emerged during this period taking cognizance of the major explanations and theories that have been …
Regional and Metropolitan Growth and Decline in the United States
Metropolitan America in the 1970s
Regional and Metropolitan Growth and Decline in the United States
Census Monographs on Community Growth and Change
The Revival of Metropolitan Population Growth in the United States: An Assessment of Findings from the 1990 Census
In this article we assess metropolitan-area growth patterns in the United States during the 1980s as revealed by 1990 census data. We evaluate these patterns against various explanations that were proposed to account for the altered developed-world redistribution tendencies of the 1970s....Urbanization reasserted itself after the rural renaissance of the 1970s....U.S. metropolitan areas once again grew faster than nonmetropolitan areas and the ge…
The New Urban Revival in the United States
Peer Reviewed
Changes in the Segregation of Whites from Blacks During the 1980s: Small Steps Toward a More Integrated Society
This paper represents the first analysis of black-white residential segregation for 1980-1990. It evaluates patterns for all metropolitan areas with substantial black populations. The results show a continued reduction in residential segregation across metropolitan areas suggesting that the forces aimed at lowering institutionalized segregation have had some effect. The next section recounts the primary influences on black-white segregation histo…
The New White Flight
Immigration impacts on internal migration of the poor: 1990 Census evidence for US states
This article presents newly-available migration data from the 1990 U.S. census to assess immigration and internal migration components as they affect state poverty populations. New immigrant waves are heavily focused on only a few 'port-of-entry' states. It is suggested that these immigrants have begun to impact upon internal migration into and out of these 'high immigration states', and have also altered the national system of internal migration…
Geography (37 works) · Sociology (28 works) · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies (27 works) · Political science (25 works) · Economics (24 works) · Demography (22 works) · Demographic economics (21 works) · Metropolitan area (20 works) · Population (19 works) · Migration and Labor Dynamics (16 works)