Patrick R Mullen
Biographic Data
| ID | 1380955 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Patrick R Mullen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Patrick R |
| FAMILY NAME | Mullen |
| SIGNATURE | MULLEN P R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3561-9244 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 40 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling
One constant in the counseling profession is that counselors encounter ethical and legal issues in their work with clients. Training programs strive to equip future counselors with the needed knowledge and decision-making skills, and counseling organizations offer codes of ethics and professional development to help practitioners. However, limited research is available on the types of ethical and legal issues counselors face and which ones are th…
Development and Testing of the Frequency of Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Scale
A critical element of a counselor’s work is their ability to make sound decisions when facing ethical and legal issues. Yet, limited measures exist to understand actions/processes used to inform ethical and legal decision-making in counseling. We developed and tested the Frequency of Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Scale ( felics ), a measure to capture data on the rate counselors face ethical and legal issues. A sample of 369 counselors c…
Analysis of the Counseling Competency Scale-Revised Using Trainees’ Self-Assessment Data
The Development of the Confianza Scale–Spanish
Latines are the largest ethnic minority group in the United States, making up nearly one-fifth of the population. Despite experiencing similar rates of mental health issues as the dominant culture, however, Latines are notably less likely to seek treatment. Prior research has linked this reluctance to cultural mistrust, and some scholars have underscored the significance of confianza, a cultural value, in promoting Latine mental health engagement…
A differential item functioning study of counseling competencies scale-revised scores
Our study examines the differential item functioning of the Counselor Competencies Scale-Revised (CCS-R) scores due to respondents' gender, the type of evaluation, and a combination of these two variables using a large sample (N = 1614). Implications of the findings are offered to inform counselor educators and supervisors using the CCS-R and similar supervisee assessment measures
Role of Causality Orientations in Predicting Alcohol Use and Abstinence Self-Efficacy
In the present study, we examined the ability of Self-Determination Theory’s causality orientations to predict alcohol use and abstinence self-efficacy. We also provided suggestions for counselors supporting client and student autonomy in clinical practice. Objectives: This study sought to answer the following questions: (a) Does a person’s causality orientation (autonomy, control, and impersonal) predict their alcohol use? (2) Does a person’s ca…
Experiences of Law Enforcement Officers in an Emotional and Belief Intelligence Leadership Training
Emotional intelligence-based leadership training may be beneficial for law enforcement in their personal and professional development. The goal of this study was to qualitatively explore the experiences participants reported as a result of the My Life My Power (MLMP) Tactical Leadership Training (TLT). The MLMP TLT is designed to incorporate emotional-intelligence and belief-intelligence constructs into training delivery of law enforcement profes…
A Survey of Demographic, Professional, and Clinical Characteristics of Clinicians in University Counseling Centers
Examining trends in mental health services through periodic surveys can provide a useful overview of a variety of data that can supply researchers, administrators, and practitioners with information that contributes to the building of theoretical frameworks, the creation of practical operating models, and the means to address overarching problems in the field. We collected data on the demographic, professional, and clinical characteristics of a r…
Factors Predicting Attitudes Toward Evidence‐Based Practice Among College Counselors
Evidence‐based practice (EBP) has been proposed as a solution to the growing need for mental health treatment in the United States. We surveyed 205 college counselors regarding their attitudes toward EBP, institutional support, theoretical orientation, and job satisfaction. Our findings support the idea that counselors’ attitudes toward EBP is predicted by institutional support and percentage of time spent engaged in training. The implications of…
Development and Initial Testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale
This study describes the development and initial testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale (MCHS), a counselor-report scale to measure a counselor’s cultural humility, with a sample of 861 participants. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal reliability coefficients revealed evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity and internal reliability of scores on the scale
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Attributes of School Counselor Trainees
The authors report results from a correlational study of 225 school counselor trainees' emotional intelligence and leadership qualities. Higher emotional intelligence correlated with higher leadership self-efficacy and self-leadership. The results indicate that emotional intelligence may be a relevant aspect of leadership training for school counselor graduate students
A Psychometric Investigation of the Short Grit Scale With a Sample of School Counselors
We examined the psychometric properties of the Short Grit Scale with a sample of school counselors. The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a modified 2-factor solution and internal reliability estimates were satisfactory. Furthermore, participants' grit inversely correlated with their stress and burnout. We discuss the implications of these findings
Establishing Content-Oriented Evidence for Psychological Assessments
Evidence of validity is the foundation of developing and testing psychological and educational assessments. This article (a) introduces evidence of validity and content-oriented evidence, (b) reviews steps in establishing content-oriented evidence and sound psychological assessment items with case illustration examples, and (c) offers implications for counselors and researchers
Evaluating Evidence for Conceptually Related Constructs Using Bivariate Correlations
The article serves as a guide for researchers in developing evidence of validity using bivariate correlations, specifically construct validity. The authors outline the steps for calculating and interpreting bivariate correlations. Additionally, they provide an illustrative example and discuss the implications
The Counseling Competencies Scale
Supervisors evaluated counselors-in-training at multiple points during their practicum experience using the Counseling Competencies Scale (CCS; N = 1,070). The CCS evaluations were randomly split to conduct exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, resulting in a 2-factor model (61.5% of the variance explained)
Exploring Emotional Intelligence Among Master's-Level Counseling Trainees
The authors explored the relationship between counseling trainees' emotional intelligence (EI), empathy, stress, distress, and demographics. Results indicated that higher levels of EI were associated with lower stress and distress, higher affective and cognitive empathy, and age. These findings suggest curricular integration of EI and potential utility of EI measures to evaluate students' progress throughout the program
Development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale
The authors present the development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES). The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) present a rationale for the ELICSES, (b) review statistical analysis procedures used to develop the ELICSES, and (c) offer implications for future research and counselor education
The Poor Bugger’s Tool
Is Irish history at the dawn of the twenty-first century still, as Stephen Dedalus quipped, a nightmare? With the demise of the Celtic Tiger, the collapse of the housing bubble, and the sex abuse scandals that have rocked the Catholic Church, Ireland is an island looking for a new story. This book argues that queer culture has a vital role to play in the creation of a reinvigorated national image for the Republic and for Northern Ireland. Looking…
The Need for Government-Wide Information Capacity
Jane Fountain discussed the need for government-wide or federal interagency information capacity. She concluded that the constraints of the Clinger-Cohen Act's reporting mechanisms have caused the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) to lose sight of the big picture—the need for interagency net-working and information technology (IT) oversight. However, there has been considerable behind-the-scenes work by GAO to bring about passage of legislatio…
Development and Initial Testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale
This study describes the development and initial testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale (MCHS), a counselor-report scale to measure a counselor’s cultural humility, with a sample of 861 participants. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal reliability coefficients revealed evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity and internal reliability of scores on the scale
Evaluating Evidence for Conceptually Related Constructs Using Bivariate Correlations
The article serves as a guide for researchers in developing evidence of validity using bivariate correlations, specifically construct validity. The authors outline the steps for calculating and interpreting bivariate correlations. Additionally, they provide an illustrative example and discuss the implications
The Counseling Competencies Scale
Supervisors evaluated counselors-in-training at multiple points during their practicum experience using the Counseling Competencies Scale (CCS; N = 1,070). The CCS evaluations were randomly split to conduct exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, resulting in a 2-factor model (61.5% of the variance explained)
Exploring Emotional Intelligence Among Master's-Level Counseling Trainees
The authors explored the relationship between counseling trainees' emotional intelligence (EI), empathy, stress, distress, and demographics. Results indicated that higher levels of EI were associated with lower stress and distress, higher affective and cognitive empathy, and age. These findings suggest curricular integration of EI and potential utility of EI measures to evaluate students' progress throughout the program
Establishing Content-Oriented Evidence for Psychological Assessments
Evidence of validity is the foundation of developing and testing psychological and educational assessments. This article (a) introduces evidence of validity and content-oriented evidence, (b) reviews steps in establishing content-oriented evidence and sound psychological assessment items with case illustration examples, and (c) offers implications for counselors and researchers
A Psychometric Investigation of the Short Grit Scale With a Sample of School Counselors
We examined the psychometric properties of the Short Grit Scale with a sample of school counselors. The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a modified 2-factor solution and internal reliability estimates were satisfactory. Furthermore, participants' grit inversely correlated with their stress and burnout. We discuss the implications of these findings
Development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale
The authors present the development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES). The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) present a rationale for the ELICSES, (b) review statistical analysis procedures used to develop the ELICSES, and (c) offer implications for future research and counselor education
The Need for Government-Wide Information Capacity
Jane Fountain discussed the need for government-wide or federal interagency information capacity. She concluded that the constraints of the Clinger-Cohen Act's reporting mechanisms have caused the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) to lose sight of the big picture—the need for interagency net-working and information technology (IT) oversight. However, there has been considerable behind-the-scenes work by GAO to bring about passage of legislatio…
The Poor Bugger’s Tool
Is Irish history at the dawn of the twenty-first century still, as Stephen Dedalus quipped, a nightmare? With the demise of the Celtic Tiger, the collapse of the housing bubble, and the sex abuse scandals that have rocked the Catholic Church, Ireland is an island looking for a new story. This book argues that queer culture has a vital role to play in the creation of a reinvigorated national image for the Republic and for Northern Ireland. Looking…
Development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale
The authors present the development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES). The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) present a rationale for the ELICSES, (b) review statistical analysis procedures used to develop the ELICSES, and (c) offer implications for future research and counselor education
Establishing Content-Oriented Evidence for Psychological Assessments
Evidence of validity is the foundation of developing and testing psychological and educational assessments. This article (a) introduces evidence of validity and content-oriented evidence, (b) reviews steps in establishing content-oriented evidence and sound psychological assessment items with case illustration examples, and (c) offers implications for counselors and researchers
Evaluating Evidence for Conceptually Related Constructs Using Bivariate Correlations
The article serves as a guide for researchers in developing evidence of validity using bivariate correlations, specifically construct validity. The authors outline the steps for calculating and interpreting bivariate correlations. Additionally, they provide an illustrative example and discuss the implications
The Counseling Competencies Scale
Supervisors evaluated counselors-in-training at multiple points during their practicum experience using the Counseling Competencies Scale (CCS; N = 1,070). The CCS evaluations were randomly split to conduct exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, resulting in a 2-factor model (61.5% of the variance explained)
Exploring Emotional Intelligence Among Master's-Level Counseling Trainees
The authors explored the relationship between counseling trainees' emotional intelligence (EI), empathy, stress, distress, and demographics. Results indicated that higher levels of EI were associated with lower stress and distress, higher affective and cognitive empathy, and age. These findings suggest curricular integration of EI and potential utility of EI measures to evaluate students' progress throughout the program
A Psychometric Investigation of the Short Grit Scale With a Sample of School Counselors
We examined the psychometric properties of the Short Grit Scale with a sample of school counselors. The confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a modified 2-factor solution and internal reliability estimates were satisfactory. Furthermore, participants' grit inversely correlated with their stress and burnout. We discuss the implications of these findings
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Attributes of School Counselor Trainees
The authors report results from a correlational study of 225 school counselor trainees' emotional intelligence and leadership qualities. Higher emotional intelligence correlated with higher leadership self-efficacy and self-leadership. The results indicate that emotional intelligence may be a relevant aspect of leadership training for school counselor graduate students
Development and Initial Testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale
This study describes the development and initial testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale (MCHS), a counselor-report scale to measure a counselor’s cultural humility, with a sample of 861 participants. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal reliability coefficients revealed evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity and internal reliability of scores on the scale
A Survey of Demographic, Professional, and Clinical Characteristics of Clinicians in University Counseling Centers
Examining trends in mental health services through periodic surveys can provide a useful overview of a variety of data that can supply researchers, administrators, and practitioners with information that contributes to the building of theoretical frameworks, the creation of practical operating models, and the means to address overarching problems in the field. We collected data on the demographic, professional, and clinical characteristics of a r…
Factors Predicting Attitudes Toward Evidence‐Based Practice Among College Counselors
Evidence‐based practice (EBP) has been proposed as a solution to the growing need for mental health treatment in the United States. We surveyed 205 college counselors regarding their attitudes toward EBP, institutional support, theoretical orientation, and job satisfaction. Our findings support the idea that counselors’ attitudes toward EBP is predicted by institutional support and percentage of time spent engaged in training. The implications of…
Role of Causality Orientations in Predicting Alcohol Use and Abstinence Self-Efficacy
In the present study, we examined the ability of Self-Determination Theory’s causality orientations to predict alcohol use and abstinence self-efficacy. We also provided suggestions for counselors supporting client and student autonomy in clinical practice. Objectives: This study sought to answer the following questions: (a) Does a person’s causality orientation (autonomy, control, and impersonal) predict their alcohol use? (2) Does a person’s ca…
Experiences of Law Enforcement Officers in an Emotional and Belief Intelligence Leadership Training
Emotional intelligence-based leadership training may be beneficial for law enforcement in their personal and professional development. The goal of this study was to qualitatively explore the experiences participants reported as a result of the My Life My Power (MLMP) Tactical Leadership Training (TLT). The MLMP TLT is designed to incorporate emotional-intelligence and belief-intelligence constructs into training delivery of law enforcement profes…
A differential item functioning study of counseling competencies scale-revised scores
Our study examines the differential item functioning of the Counselor Competencies Scale-Revised (CCS-R) scores due to respondents' gender, the type of evaluation, and a combination of these two variables using a large sample (N = 1614). Implications of the findings are offered to inform counselor educators and supervisors using the CCS-R and similar supervisee assessment measures
Development and Testing of the Frequency of Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Scale
A critical element of a counselor’s work is their ability to make sound decisions when facing ethical and legal issues. Yet, limited measures exist to understand actions/processes used to inform ethical and legal decision-making in counseling. We developed and tested the Frequency of Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Scale ( felics ), a measure to capture data on the rate counselors face ethical and legal issues. A sample of 369 counselors c…
Analysis of the Counseling Competency Scale-Revised Using Trainees’ Self-Assessment Data
The Development of the Confianza Scale–Spanish
Latines are the largest ethnic minority group in the United States, making up nearly one-fifth of the population. Despite experiencing similar rates of mental health issues as the dominant culture, however, Latines are notably less likely to seek treatment. Prior research has linked this reluctance to cultural mistrust, and some scholars have underscored the significance of confianza, a cultural value, in promoting Latine mental health engagement…
Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling
One constant in the counseling profession is that counselors encounter ethical and legal issues in their work with clients. Training programs strive to equip future counselors with the needed knowledge and decision-making skills, and counseling organizations offer codes of ethics and professional development to help practitioners. However, limited research is available on the types of ethical and legal issues counselors face and which ones are th…
Psychology (17 works) · Applied Psychology (12 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works) · Counseling Practices and Supervision (9 works) · Applied Psychology (8 works) · Clinical Psychology (7 works) · Psychometrics (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works) · Political science (6 works)