Mark Van Ommeren
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 139020 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Mark Van Ommeren |
| PRENOMES | Mark |
| SOBRENOME | Van Ommeren |
| ASSINATURA | VAN OMMEREN M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | World Health Organization |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5460-8842 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 101 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1998 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2020 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Improving mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in humanitarian settings
Major knowledge gaps remain concerning the most effective ways to address mental health and psychosocial needs of populations affected by humanitarian crises. The Research for Health in Humanitarian Crisis (R2HC) program aims to strengthen humanitarian health practice and policy through research. As a significant portion of R2HC's research has focused on mental health and psychosocial support interventions, the program has been interested in stre…
Step-by-Step, an E-Mental Health Intervention for Depression
Step-by-Step skills and techniques, model of service integration, and its non-specialist support element are acceptable. Though the sample was small and non-controlled and drop-out was high, results suggest that it may be effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms and increasing well-being. Lessons learned will inform content revision, the development of an app version of Step-by-Step, and the research methodology of upcoming effective…
Using a person-generated mental health outcome measure in large clinical trials in Kenya and Pakistan
Health care should be informed by the physical, socioeconomic, mental, and emotional well-being of the person, and account for social circumstances and culture. Patient-generated outcome measures can contribute positively to mental health research in culturally diverse populations. In this study, we analysed qualitative responses to the Psychological Outcome Profiles (PSYCHLOPS) Questionnaire—a patient-generated outcome measure based on open-ende…
New WHO prevalence estimates of mental disorders in conflict settings
Self Help Plus
ISRCTN50148022; registered 13/03/2017
Translation, adaptation, and pilot of a guided self-help intervention to reduce psychological distress in South Sudanese refugees in Uganda
We found that this potentially scalable, guided self-help intervention could be adapted for and feasibly implemented among female South Sudanese refugees in northern Uganda. These findings lay the groundwork for a future rigorous evaluation of SH+ in this context
A qualitative evaluation of a brief multicomponent intervention provided by lay health workers for women affected by adversity in urban Kenya
The findings across diverse stakeholders show that PM+ is largely acceptable in this Kenyan setting. The results indicated that when further implemented, PM+ could be of great value to people in communities exposed to adversities such as interpersonal violence and chronic poverty. Barriers to large-scale implementation were identified, of which the sustainability of the non-specialist health workforce was the most important one
Effectiveness of a brief behavioural intervention on psychological distress among women with a history of gender-based violence in urban Kenya
BACKGROUND: Gender-based violence (GBV) represents a major cause of psychological morbidity worldwide, and particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although there are effective treatments for common mental disorders associated with GBV, they typically require lengthy treatment programs that may limit scaling up in LMICs. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a new 5-session behavioural treatment called Problem Ma…
A review of current evidence regarding the ICD-11 proposals for diagnosing PTSD and complex PTSD
Addressing culture and context in humanitarian response
Delivery of effective mental health and psychosocial support programs requires knowledge of existing health systems and socio-cultural context. To respond rapidly to humanitarian emergencies, international organizations often seek to design programs according to international guidelines and mobilize external human resources to manage and deliver programs. Familiarizing international humanitarian practitioners with local culture and contextualizin…
Problem Management Plus (PM+)
Mental disorders are significant contributors to the global burden of disease (1). While they occur across all levels of socio-economic status, the majority of populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) do not have access to effective psychological and pharmacological interventions (2). Key barriers to sustainable delivery of psychological therapies in LMICs include limited mental health funding and infrastructure, chronic shortage o…
Diagnosis and classification of disorders specifically associated with stress
The diagnostic concepts of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other disorders specifically associated with stress have been intensively discussed among neuro- and social scientists, clinicians, epidemiologists, public health planners and humanitarian aid workers around the world. PTSD and adjustment disorder are among the most widely used diagnoses in mental health care worldwide. This paper describes proposals that aim to maximize clinica…
The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (Hesper) Scale
Objectives. We developed the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (HESPER) Scale, a valid and reliable scale to rapidly assess perceived needs of populations in humanitarian settings in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. We generated items through a literature review; reduced the number of items on the basis of a survey with humanitarian experts; pilot-tested the scale in Gaza, Jordan, Sudan, and the United Kingdom; and field-t…
Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings
Six rapid assessments of alcohol and other substance use in populations displaced by conflict
The six studies show the feasibility and value of conducting rapid assessments in displaced populations. One outcome of these studies is the development of a UNHCR/WHO field guide on rapid assessment of alcohol and other substance use among conflict-affected populations. More work is required on gathering population-based epidemiological data, and much more experience is required on delivering effective interventions. Presentation of these findin…
Association of Torture and Other Potentially Traumatic Events With Mental Health Outcomes Among Populations Exposed to Mass Conflict and Displacement
CONTEXT: Uncertainties continue about the roles that methodological factors and key risk factors, particularly torture and other potentially traumatic events (PTEs), play in the variation of reported prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression across epidemiologic surveys among postconflict populations worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To undertake a systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence rates of PTSD and depress…
Barriers to improvement of mental health services in low-income and middle-income countries
Treatment and prevention of mental disorders in low-income and middle-income countries
Children and the Sphere standard on mental and social aspects of health
Most of the world's children live in resource-poor countries where people are at a relatively high risk of exposure to catastrophic situations arising from conflict and natural disasters.6Given the potential social, psychological and psychiatric consequences of exposure to disaster, mental health and psychosocial support programmes are increasingly part of humanitarian aid. A minimum standard on mental and social aspects of health is included in …
Mental and social health in disasters
Context in Selection of Men and Women in Hiring Decisions
The hypothesis that the sex composition of an applicant pool affects the hiring probabilities of individual job applicants was tested using gender-distinctive information on accepted and rejected job applicants in The Netherlands. The evidence supports this hypothesis, although the effect sizes are moderate. Both men and women have a lower probability of being hired when the applicant pool contains fewer applicants from their own sex
Mental Health Services in a Multicultural Society
The purpose of this article is to present a model to promote and assess interculturalization of mental healthcare services in western multicultural society. We define interculturalization as the adaptation of mental health services to suit clients from different cultures. The suggested measures aim to introduce changes in four contexts: (i) the clinical interface or the relations between the immigrant patient and the healthcare workers and the tr…
Common mental disorders in postconflict settings
Toward a Culture-Informed Epidemiology
This article presents a model for research that aims to address challenges in transcultural psychiatric epidemiology. The model involves eclectic application of quantitative and qualitative techniques, namely: focus groups, in-depth interviews, snowball sampling and population surveys. The qualitative methods help provide information on the context of symptoms, illness experience and disease. These methods provide the background information neede…
Limited Cultural Validity of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview's Probe Flow Chart
The probe flow chart of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was designed to assess psychiatric somatic complaints in various cultures. The CIDI's probe flow chart does not appear to function properly in the Nepali context as the chart contains two assumptions that do not hold in Nepali culture, namely that: (i) respondents attribute their symptoms to mental, physical or substance-related processes, and (ii) doctors communicate…
Preparing Instruments for Transcultural Research
Preparing instruments for transcultural research is a difficult task. Researchers typically do not publish their attempts to create equivalent translation. The quality of the translation depends mostly on the translators' ability to be consistent in identifying and correcting incomprehensible, unacceptable, incomplete and irrelevant translated items. This paper presents a translation monitoring form to enhance the methodical preparation of instru…
Toward a Culture-Informed Epidemiology
This article presents a model for research that aims to address challenges in transcultural psychiatric epidemiology. The model involves eclectic application of quantitative and qualitative techniques, namely: focus groups, in-depth interviews, snowball sampling and population surveys. The qualitative methods help provide information on the context of symptoms, illness experience and disease. These methods provide the background information neede…
Mental and social health in disasters
Preventing Torture and Rehabilitating Survivors in Nepal
Preventing torture and rehabilitating survivors in a country that practices torture is difficult but possible. The Center for the Victims of Torture Nepal (CVICT) documents and treats torture survivors in four ways: (a) fact-finding teams, (b) referrals to its clinic in Kathmandu, (c) prison visits, and (d) a community-based rehabilitation program for Bhutanese refugees. In addition, the center also conducts research in four ways: (a) a quantitat…
Limited Cultural Validity of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview's Probe Flow Chart
The probe flow chart of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was designed to assess psychiatric somatic complaints in various cultures. The CIDI's probe flow chart does not appear to function properly in the Nepali context as the chart contains two assumptions that do not hold in Nepali culture, namely that: (i) respondents attribute their symptoms to mental, physical or substance-related processes, and (ii) doctors communicate…
Children and the Sphere standard on mental and social aspects of health
Most of the world's children live in resource-poor countries where people are at a relatively high risk of exposure to catastrophic situations arising from conflict and natural disasters.6Given the potential social, psychological and psychiatric consequences of exposure to disaster, mental health and psychosocial support programmes are increasingly part of humanitarian aid. A minimum standard on mental and social aspects of health is included in …
Mental Health Services in a Multicultural Society
The purpose of this article is to present a model to promote and assess interculturalization of mental healthcare services in western multicultural society. We define interculturalization as the adaptation of mental health services to suit clients from different cultures. The suggested measures aim to introduce changes in four contexts: (i) the clinical interface or the relations between the immigrant patient and the healthcare workers and the tr…
The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (Hesper) Scale
Objectives. We developed the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (HESPER) Scale, a valid and reliable scale to rapidly assess perceived needs of populations in humanitarian settings in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. We generated items through a literature review; reduced the number of items on the basis of a survey with humanitarian experts; pilot-tested the scale in Gaza, Jordan, Sudan, and the United Kingdom; and field-t…
Impact of Torture on Refugees Displaced Within the Developing World
CONTEXT: Most of the world's refugees are displaced within the developing world. The impact of torture on such refugees is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of torture on Bhutanese refugees in Nepal. DESIGN: Case-control survey. Interviews were conducted by local physicians and included demographics, questions related to the torture experienced, a checklist of 40 medical complaints, and measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), an…
Development and Preliminary Validation of the Stereotypic Beliefs Inventory
This paper describes the development and preliminary validation of a Stereotypic Beliefs Inventory, a measure of individual differences in the extent to which English-speaking Canadians hold Stereotypic beliefs about cultural or ethnic outgroups. A Stereotypic belief is the belief that members of cultural or ethnic outgroups differ systematically in specific personality characteristics from members of cultural or ethnic ingroups. This scale is th…
Development and Preliminary Validation of the Stereotypic Beliefs Inventory
Preventing Torture and Rehabilitating Survivors in Nepal
Preventing torture and rehabilitating survivors in a country that practices torture is difficult but possible. The Center for the Victims of Torture Nepal (CVICT) documents and treats torture survivors in four ways: (a) fact-finding teams, (b) referrals to its clinic in Kathmandu, (c) prison visits, and (d) a community-based rehabilitation program for Bhutanese refugees. In addition, the center also conducts research in four ways: (a) a quantitat…
Preparing Instruments for Transcultural Research
Preparing instruments for transcultural research is a difficult task. Researchers typically do not publish their attempts to create equivalent translation. The quality of the translation depends mostly on the translators' ability to be consistent in identifying and correcting incomprehensible, unacceptable, incomplete and irrelevant translated items. This paper presents a translation monitoring form to enhance the methodical preparation of instru…
Limited Cultural Validity of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview's Probe Flow Chart
The probe flow chart of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was designed to assess psychiatric somatic complaints in various cultures. The CIDI's probe flow chart does not appear to function properly in the Nepali context as the chart contains two assumptions that do not hold in Nepali culture, namely that: (i) respondents attribute their symptoms to mental, physical or substance-related processes, and (ii) doctors communicate…
Toward a Culture-Informed Epidemiology
This article presents a model for research that aims to address challenges in transcultural psychiatric epidemiology. The model involves eclectic application of quantitative and qualitative techniques, namely: focus groups, in-depth interviews, snowball sampling and population surveys. The qualitative methods help provide information on the context of symptoms, illness experience and disease. These methods provide the background information neede…
Common mental disorders in postconflict settings
Context in Selection of Men and Women in Hiring Decisions
The hypothesis that the sex composition of an applicant pool affects the hiring probabilities of individual job applicants was tested using gender-distinctive information on accepted and rejected job applicants in The Netherlands. The evidence supports this hypothesis, although the effect sizes are moderate. Both men and women have a lower probability of being hired when the applicant pool contains fewer applicants from their own sex
Mental Health Services in a Multicultural Society
The purpose of this article is to present a model to promote and assess interculturalization of mental healthcare services in western multicultural society. We define interculturalization as the adaptation of mental health services to suit clients from different cultures. The suggested measures aim to introduce changes in four contexts: (i) the clinical interface or the relations between the immigrant patient and the healthcare workers and the tr…
Mental and social health in disasters
Barriers to improvement of mental health services in low-income and middle-income countries
Treatment and prevention of mental disorders in low-income and middle-income countries
Children and the Sphere standard on mental and social aspects of health
Most of the world's children live in resource-poor countries where people are at a relatively high risk of exposure to catastrophic situations arising from conflict and natural disasters.6Given the potential social, psychological and psychiatric consequences of exposure to disaster, mental health and psychosocial support programmes are increasingly part of humanitarian aid. A minimum standard on mental and social aspects of health is included in …
Association of Torture and Other Potentially Traumatic Events With Mental Health Outcomes Among Populations Exposed to Mass Conflict and Displacement
CONTEXT: Uncertainties continue about the roles that methodological factors and key risk factors, particularly torture and other potentially traumatic events (PTEs), play in the variation of reported prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression across epidemiologic surveys among postconflict populations worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To undertake a systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence rates of PTSD and depress…
Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings
Six rapid assessments of alcohol and other substance use in populations displaced by conflict
The six studies show the feasibility and value of conducting rapid assessments in displaced populations. One outcome of these studies is the development of a UNHCR/WHO field guide on rapid assessment of alcohol and other substance use among conflict-affected populations. More work is required on gathering population-based epidemiological data, and much more experience is required on delivering effective interventions. Presentation of these findin…
The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (Hesper) Scale
Objectives. We developed the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (HESPER) Scale, a valid and reliable scale to rapidly assess perceived needs of populations in humanitarian settings in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. We generated items through a literature review; reduced the number of items on the basis of a survey with humanitarian experts; pilot-tested the scale in Gaza, Jordan, Sudan, and the United Kingdom; and field-t…
Diagnosis and classification of disorders specifically associated with stress
The diagnostic concepts of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other disorders specifically associated with stress have been intensively discussed among neuro- and social scientists, clinicians, epidemiologists, public health planners and humanitarian aid workers around the world. PTSD and adjustment disorder are among the most widely used diagnoses in mental health care worldwide. This paper describes proposals that aim to maximize clinica…
Problem Management Plus (PM+)
Mental disorders are significant contributors to the global burden of disease (1). While they occur across all levels of socio-economic status, the majority of populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) do not have access to effective psychological and pharmacological interventions (2). Key barriers to sustainable delivery of psychological therapies in LMICs include limited mental health funding and infrastructure, chronic shortage o…
Effectiveness of a brief behavioural intervention on psychological distress among women with a history of gender-based violence in urban Kenya
BACKGROUND: Gender-based violence (GBV) represents a major cause of psychological morbidity worldwide, and particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although there are effective treatments for common mental disorders associated with GBV, they typically require lengthy treatment programs that may limit scaling up in LMICs. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a new 5-session behavioural treatment called Problem Ma…
A review of current evidence regarding the ICD-11 proposals for diagnosing PTSD and complex PTSD
Addressing culture and context in humanitarian response
Delivery of effective mental health and psychosocial support programs requires knowledge of existing health systems and socio-cultural context. To respond rapidly to humanitarian emergencies, international organizations often seek to design programs according to international guidelines and mobilize external human resources to manage and deliver programs. Familiarizing international humanitarian practitioners with local culture and contextualizin…
Self Help Plus
ISRCTN50148022; registered 13/03/2017
Translation, adaptation, and pilot of a guided self-help intervention to reduce psychological distress in South Sudanese refugees in Uganda
We found that this potentially scalable, guided self-help intervention could be adapted for and feasibly implemented among female South Sudanese refugees in northern Uganda. These findings lay the groundwork for a future rigorous evaluation of SH+ in this context
Psychiatry (24 obras) · Psychology (24 obras) · Medicine (22 obras) · Mental health (19 obras) · Migration, Health and Trauma (17 obras) · Clinical Psychology (15 obras) · Mental Health Treatment and Access (13 obras) · Psychological intervention (12 obras) · Environmental health (10 obras) · Political science (9 obras)