Juliet Willetts
Biographic Data
| ID | 1400519 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Juliet Willetts |
| GIVEN NAMES | Juliet |
| FAMILY NAME | Willetts |
| SIGNATURE | WILLETTS J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Technology Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3975-9642 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 39 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Development and piloting of the rural water supply climate-resilience monitoring tool (RWS-CRMT)
Climate change threatens the sustainability of rural water supplies (RWSs) by affecting water availability, water quality, and infrastructure. Strengthening the resilience of RWSs is essential, yet a few practical tools are available for assessing and monitoring this resilience. This study introduces the Rural Water Supply Climate-Resilience Monitoring Tool (RWSCRMT), developed to help RWS operators self-assess resilience, identify improvement pr…
Adapting and validating a subjective resilience scale to explore individual climate resilience: Gendered evidence from Bhutan, Laos and Nepal
Growing evidence has highlighted the gender differentiated experiences of climate change on individuals, even within the same households. Understanding and tracking these differential experiences requires reliable tools that measure subjective resilience. Yet there are few validated tools that can operate across sectoral contexts. In this paper, we describe the process of adapting and validating a scale to measure individual climate resilience wi…
Personas for program evaluation: Insights from a gender-focused evaluation in Cambodia
In this article, we argue for the utility of evaluative personas to address common challenges associated with analyzing qualitative data and to support actionable evaluation insights. Personas are fictional composite characters representing subgroups within a broader population. To explore the value of persona development in evaluation, a team of researchers and practitioners applied a persona-based approach to midline evaluation of a gender main…
A mosaic of identities, opportunities, and challenges: How intersectionality shapes the experiences of female water, sanitation, and hygiene entrepreneurs in Indonesia
Many intersecting factors influence the identity, motivations, and experiences of women entrepreneurs. This paper explores the experiences of female water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) entrepreneurs in the context of the region of Nusa Tenggara in Eastern Indonesia. We conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse set of female WASH entrepreneurs, and applied intersectionality concepts in combination with the Gender at Work analytical framework …
Six principles to strengthen qualitative assessments in development interventions
Qualitative research and evaluation is often described as an art rather than a science. This intangible nature has left many programme teams feeling uncertain about how to justify and use qualitative forms of assessment in their monitoring, evaluation, and learning practice. Existing guidance is theoretically based and often focused on applications in the Global North. Building on an expressed need for guidance from a community of practice in Asi…
Co-developing evidence-informed adaptation actions for resilient citywide sanitation: Local government response to climate change in Indonesia
Already climate-related hazards are impacting sanitation systems in Indonesia and elsewhere, and climate models indicate these hazards are likely to increase in frequency and intensity. Without due attention, to maintain existing progress on Sustainable Development Goal 6’s target 6.2 and to increase it to meet ambitions for 2030 will be difficult. City governments need new forms of evidence to respond, as well as approaches to enable them to con…
Eliciting stories of gender-transformative change: Investigating the effectiveness of question prompt formulations in qualitative gender assessments
Evaluations of gender equality initiatives in development programmes traditionally assess cognitive dimensions such as knowledge, attitudes, and awareness; and often rely solely on women’s perspectives. Leveraging story-based evaluation methods, this article explores the assessment of complex gender-transformations and focuses on effective question prompts to elicit significant and meaningful narratives of change from both women and men. In colla…
Gender-transformative approaches in international development: A brief history and five uniting principles
The emergence of gender-transformative approaches in the international development sector has ushered in a new paradigm for gender and development, refocusing on core feminist principles. This rise has paralleled the growth of transformative research and a strengthened emphasis on social transformations in the field of international development practice. Gender-transformative approaches aim to reshape gender dynamics by redistributing resources, …
The water, sanitation and hygiene gender equality measure (Wash-GEM): Conceptual foundations and domains of change
Multiple established connections link access to safely managed water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and gender equality. As development actors seek to attain the fifth and sixth Sustainable Development Goals, the need to measure WASH programs' contributions to gender equality outcomes is increasingly pressing. Yet the measurement of such outcomes remains challenging. This article describes and justifies the theory, concepts and decisions that und…
Interrogating the motivation mechanisms and claims of asset-based community development with self-determination theory
This article uses Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to assess the motivational mechanisms and claims of asset-based community development (ABCD). The limited academic literature argues ABCD's focus on existing assets and locally identified priorities motivates communi-ty participation. However, motivation is only superficially understood and remains unquali-fied. SDT is an established theory of motivation, which we suggest is largely compatible wit…
Supporting the poor to access sanitation: Key lessons from targeted household consumer subsidies in Cambodia
This paper presents the experiences of two household sanitation subsidy initiatives piloted by SNV and WaterSHED targeting poor households in rural Cambodia. Each initiative offered eligible households a subsidy to help manage the upfront costs of constructing new pour-flush latrines. Subsidy uptake by households was limited by affordability of the required household contribution, insufficient time for households to mobilise funds, and unavailabi…
Safely Managed On-Site Sanitation: A National Assessment of Sanitation Services and Potential Fecal Exposure in Indonesia
Sustainable Development Goal target 6.2 calls for universal access to adequate and equitable sanitation, setting a more ambitious standard for 'safely managed sanitation services'. On-site sanitation systems (e.g., septic tanks) are widely used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the lack of indicators for assessing fecal exposure risks presents a barrier to monitoring safely managed services. Furthermore, geographic diversity a…
Exploring gendered change: Concepts and trends in gender equality assessments
More than a quarter century after the Beijing Platform for Action solidified the importance of gender equality in international development, it is timely to review the conceptual approaches used to assess the gendered impacts of interventions. This paper presents a systematic review of recent investigations of gender equality from development-related academic literature (2009–2019) using two analytical approaches. First, we visualise trends based…
Reaching all in rural sanitation: Experiences From Inclusive Programming in Five Countries
There is a need to reflect on approaches to reaching all in rural sanitation, given evidence that disadvantaged groups often miss out on benefits from programmes. This article presents approaches from area-wide rural sanitation programming undertaken by SNV across five countries. Analysis identified ten strategies used in combination to support inclusion. The article describes the strategies and their application, then presents four implications …
Faecal Pathogen Flows and Their Public Health Risks in Urban Environments: A Proposed Approach to Inform Sanitation Planning
Public health benefits are often a key political driver of urban sanitation investment in developing countries, however, pathogen flows are rarely taken systematically into account in sanitation investment choices. While several tools and approaches on sanitation and health risks have recently been developed, this research identified gaps in their ability to predict faecal pathogen flows, to relate exposure risks to the existing sanitation servic…
Transforming gender relations through water, sanitation, and hygiene programming and monitoring in Vietnam
This article presents the results of empirical research conducted in Central Vietnam in 2016 into water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) initiatives. It uncovered changes in gender relations and power dynamics at both household and community levels, aiming to explore the extent to which both practical and strategic interests of women can be influenced and changed by WASH policies and programming. In particular, we were interested in assessing the …
Working from strengths to assess changes in gender equality
This paper describes an empirical application of a strengths-based approach (SBA) to assess changes in gender equality, and draws out implications for research, evaluation, and wider development practice. We outline what constitutes a strengths-based approach and present a case study where a participatory methodology informed by appreciative inquiry was used to investigate gender outcomes of two water, sanitation, and hygiene-focused development …
An Integrating Framework for Sustainable Communities: Exploring the Possibilities and Challenges
The most significant lessons about the Most Significant Change technique
This article presents field-based insights into the application of the Most Significant Change (MSC) technique as a method to monitor social change resulting from a development intervention. Documentation of this innovative qualitative monitoring technique is slowly growing, but is mostly limited to grey literature. In particular, there is a lack of rigorous investigation to assess the complexities and challenges of applying the technique with in…
It's More Than the Money: The Relationship Between Social Values and Demographic Change in Sustaining a Rural General Practitioner Workforce
Historically, rural General Practitioners (GPs) in Australia tended to be male, Anglo, middle-class and in nuclear family structures, whereas the contemporary workforce demographic is increasingly female and of diverse ethnicity. Demographic trends and changing social values of university-educated professionals directly affect services in rural communities. GPs are key providers of primary health care in rural Australia. Despite the dedication of…
Gender-transformative approaches in international development: A brief history and five uniting principles
The emergence of gender-transformative approaches in the international development sector has ushered in a new paradigm for gender and development, refocusing on core feminist principles. This rise has paralleled the growth of transformative research and a strengthened emphasis on social transformations in the field of international development practice. Gender-transformative approaches aim to reshape gender dynamics by redistributing resources, …
Transforming gender relations through water, sanitation, and hygiene programming and monitoring in Vietnam
This article presents the results of empirical research conducted in Central Vietnam in 2016 into water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) initiatives. It uncovered changes in gender relations and power dynamics at both household and community levels, aiming to explore the extent to which both practical and strategic interests of women can be influenced and changed by WASH policies and programming. In particular, we were interested in assessing the …
The most significant lessons about the Most Significant Change technique
This article presents field-based insights into the application of the Most Significant Change (MSC) technique as a method to monitor social change resulting from a development intervention. Documentation of this innovative qualitative monitoring technique is slowly growing, but is mostly limited to grey literature. In particular, there is a lack of rigorous investigation to assess the complexities and challenges of applying the technique with in…
The water, sanitation and hygiene gender equality measure (Wash-GEM): Conceptual foundations and domains of change
Multiple established connections link access to safely managed water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and gender equality. As development actors seek to attain the fifth and sixth Sustainable Development Goals, the need to measure WASH programs' contributions to gender equality outcomes is increasingly pressing. Yet the measurement of such outcomes remains challenging. This article describes and justifies the theory, concepts and decisions that und…
Exploring gendered change: Concepts and trends in gender equality assessments
More than a quarter century after the Beijing Platform for Action solidified the importance of gender equality in international development, it is timely to review the conceptual approaches used to assess the gendered impacts of interventions. This paper presents a systematic review of recent investigations of gender equality from development-related academic literature (2009–2019) using two analytical approaches. First, we visualise trends based…
Interrogating the motivation mechanisms and claims of asset-based community development with self-determination theory
This article uses Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to assess the motivational mechanisms and claims of asset-based community development (ABCD). The limited academic literature argues ABCD's focus on existing assets and locally identified priorities motivates communi-ty participation. However, motivation is only superficially understood and remains unquali-fied. SDT is an established theory of motivation, which we suggest is largely compatible wit…
A mosaic of identities, opportunities, and challenges: How intersectionality shapes the experiences of female water, sanitation, and hygiene entrepreneurs in Indonesia
Many intersecting factors influence the identity, motivations, and experiences of women entrepreneurs. This paper explores the experiences of female water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) entrepreneurs in the context of the region of Nusa Tenggara in Eastern Indonesia. We conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse set of female WASH entrepreneurs, and applied intersectionality concepts in combination with the Gender at Work analytical framework …
Reaching all in rural sanitation: Experiences From Inclusive Programming in Five Countries
There is a need to reflect on approaches to reaching all in rural sanitation, given evidence that disadvantaged groups often miss out on benefits from programmes. This article presents approaches from area-wide rural sanitation programming undertaken by SNV across five countries. Analysis identified ten strategies used in combination to support inclusion. The article describes the strategies and their application, then presents four implications …
It's More Than the Money: The Relationship Between Social Values and Demographic Change in Sustaining a Rural General Practitioner Workforce
Historically, rural General Practitioners (GPs) in Australia tended to be male, Anglo, middle-class and in nuclear family structures, whereas the contemporary workforce demographic is increasingly female and of diverse ethnicity. Demographic trends and changing social values of university-educated professionals directly affect services in rural communities. GPs are key providers of primary health care in rural Australia. Despite the dedication of…
An Integrating Framework for Sustainable Communities: Exploring the Possibilities and Challenges
The most significant lessons about the Most Significant Change technique
This article presents field-based insights into the application of the Most Significant Change (MSC) technique as a method to monitor social change resulting from a development intervention. Documentation of this innovative qualitative monitoring technique is slowly growing, but is mostly limited to grey literature. In particular, there is a lack of rigorous investigation to assess the complexities and challenges of applying the technique with in…
Working from strengths to assess changes in gender equality
This paper describes an empirical application of a strengths-based approach (SBA) to assess changes in gender equality, and draws out implications for research, evaluation, and wider development practice. We outline what constitutes a strengths-based approach and present a case study where a participatory methodology informed by appreciative inquiry was used to investigate gender outcomes of two water, sanitation, and hygiene-focused development …
Transforming gender relations through water, sanitation, and hygiene programming and monitoring in Vietnam
This article presents the results of empirical research conducted in Central Vietnam in 2016 into water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) initiatives. It uncovered changes in gender relations and power dynamics at both household and community levels, aiming to explore the extent to which both practical and strategic interests of women can be influenced and changed by WASH policies and programming. In particular, we were interested in assessing the …
Faecal Pathogen Flows and Their Public Health Risks in Urban Environments: A Proposed Approach to Inform Sanitation Planning
Public health benefits are often a key political driver of urban sanitation investment in developing countries, however, pathogen flows are rarely taken systematically into account in sanitation investment choices. While several tools and approaches on sanitation and health risks have recently been developed, this research identified gaps in their ability to predict faecal pathogen flows, to relate exposure risks to the existing sanitation servic…
Reaching all in rural sanitation: Experiences From Inclusive Programming in Five Countries
There is a need to reflect on approaches to reaching all in rural sanitation, given evidence that disadvantaged groups often miss out on benefits from programmes. This article presents approaches from area-wide rural sanitation programming undertaken by SNV across five countries. Analysis identified ten strategies used in combination to support inclusion. The article describes the strategies and their application, then presents four implications …
Safely Managed On-Site Sanitation: A National Assessment of Sanitation Services and Potential Fecal Exposure in Indonesia
Sustainable Development Goal target 6.2 calls for universal access to adequate and equitable sanitation, setting a more ambitious standard for 'safely managed sanitation services'. On-site sanitation systems (e.g., septic tanks) are widely used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the lack of indicators for assessing fecal exposure risks presents a barrier to monitoring safely managed services. Furthermore, geographic diversity a…
Exploring gendered change: Concepts and trends in gender equality assessments
More than a quarter century after the Beijing Platform for Action solidified the importance of gender equality in international development, it is timely to review the conceptual approaches used to assess the gendered impacts of interventions. This paper presents a systematic review of recent investigations of gender equality from development-related academic literature (2009–2019) using two analytical approaches. First, we visualise trends based…
Co-developing evidence-informed adaptation actions for resilient citywide sanitation: Local government response to climate change in Indonesia
Already climate-related hazards are impacting sanitation systems in Indonesia and elsewhere, and climate models indicate these hazards are likely to increase in frequency and intensity. Without due attention, to maintain existing progress on Sustainable Development Goal 6’s target 6.2 and to increase it to meet ambitions for 2030 will be difficult. City governments need new forms of evidence to respond, as well as approaches to enable them to con…
Eliciting stories of gender-transformative change: Investigating the effectiveness of question prompt formulations in qualitative gender assessments
Evaluations of gender equality initiatives in development programmes traditionally assess cognitive dimensions such as knowledge, attitudes, and awareness; and often rely solely on women’s perspectives. Leveraging story-based evaluation methods, this article explores the assessment of complex gender-transformations and focuses on effective question prompts to elicit significant and meaningful narratives of change from both women and men. In colla…
Gender-transformative approaches in international development: A brief history and five uniting principles
The emergence of gender-transformative approaches in the international development sector has ushered in a new paradigm for gender and development, refocusing on core feminist principles. This rise has paralleled the growth of transformative research and a strengthened emphasis on social transformations in the field of international development practice. Gender-transformative approaches aim to reshape gender dynamics by redistributing resources, …
The water, sanitation and hygiene gender equality measure (Wash-GEM): Conceptual foundations and domains of change
Multiple established connections link access to safely managed water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and gender equality. As development actors seek to attain the fifth and sixth Sustainable Development Goals, the need to measure WASH programs' contributions to gender equality outcomes is increasingly pressing. Yet the measurement of such outcomes remains challenging. This article describes and justifies the theory, concepts and decisions that und…
Interrogating the motivation mechanisms and claims of asset-based community development with self-determination theory
This article uses Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to assess the motivational mechanisms and claims of asset-based community development (ABCD). The limited academic literature argues ABCD's focus on existing assets and locally identified priorities motivates communi-ty participation. However, motivation is only superficially understood and remains unquali-fied. SDT is an established theory of motivation, which we suggest is largely compatible wit…
Supporting the poor to access sanitation: Key lessons from targeted household consumer subsidies in Cambodia
This paper presents the experiences of two household sanitation subsidy initiatives piloted by SNV and WaterSHED targeting poor households in rural Cambodia. Each initiative offered eligible households a subsidy to help manage the upfront costs of constructing new pour-flush latrines. Subsidy uptake by households was limited by affordability of the required household contribution, insufficient time for households to mobilise funds, and unavailabi…
A mosaic of identities, opportunities, and challenges: How intersectionality shapes the experiences of female water, sanitation, and hygiene entrepreneurs in Indonesia
Many intersecting factors influence the identity, motivations, and experiences of women entrepreneurs. This paper explores the experiences of female water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) entrepreneurs in the context of the region of Nusa Tenggara in Eastern Indonesia. We conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse set of female WASH entrepreneurs, and applied intersectionality concepts in combination with the Gender at Work analytical framework …
Six principles to strengthen qualitative assessments in development interventions
Qualitative research and evaluation is often described as an art rather than a science. This intangible nature has left many programme teams feeling uncertain about how to justify and use qualitative forms of assessment in their monitoring, evaluation, and learning practice. Existing guidance is theoretically based and often focused on applications in the Global North. Building on an expressed need for guidance from a community of practice in Asi…
Personas for program evaluation: Insights from a gender-focused evaluation in Cambodia
In this article, we argue for the utility of evaluative personas to address common challenges associated with analyzing qualitative data and to support actionable evaluation insights. Personas are fictional composite characters representing subgroups within a broader population. To explore the value of persona development in evaluation, a team of researchers and practitioners applied a persona-based approach to midline evaluation of a gender main…
Development and piloting of the rural water supply climate-resilience monitoring tool (RWS-CRMT)
Climate change threatens the sustainability of rural water supplies (RWSs) by affecting water availability, water quality, and infrastructure. Strengthening the resilience of RWSs is essential, yet a few practical tools are available for assessing and monitoring this resilience. This study introduces the Rural Water Supply Climate-Resilience Monitoring Tool (RWSCRMT), developed to help RWS operators self-assess resilience, identify improvement pr…
Adapting and validating a subjective resilience scale to explore individual climate resilience: Gendered evidence from Bhutan, Laos and Nepal
Growing evidence has highlighted the gender differentiated experiences of climate change on individuals, even within the same households. Understanding and tracking these differential experiences requires reliable tools that measure subjective resilience. Yet there are few validated tools that can operate across sectoral contexts. In this paper, we describe the process of adapting and validating a scale to measure individual climate resilience wi…
Political science (11 works) · Engineering (10 works) · Business (9 works) · Sanitation (9 works) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (8 works) · Psychology (8 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (6 works) · Economics (6 works)