Roger Friedland
Biographic Data
| ID | 140379 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Roger Friedland |
| GIVEN NAMES | Roger |
| FAMILY NAME | Friedland |
| SIGNATURE | FRIEDLAND R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Santa Barbara |
| ORCID | 0009-0006-6125-9173 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 63 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 523 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 61 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 3 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
The Rise of Informal Unions in the Menasa Region
This article examines the nature of informal marriages using data from a 2018 survey of over ten thousand Facebook users in seven Muslim-majority countries: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Pakistan, Palestine, Tunisia, and Turkey. The article explores current attitudes toward informal marriages as well as the nature of such unions among the predominantly Sunni and Shiʿi Muslim social-media users who took the survey. First, the article finds that informal m…
Speaking for Human Being
This essay engages with the mounting published criticism of neo-institutionalism, but from the point of view of the institutional logical approach, one of its descendants. By addressing each of the main critiques: (1) institutional logical theory is tautological; (2) everything is institutional; (3) the absence of politics and power, and (4) its lack of a critical theory - the essay attempts to think how to build a theoretical apparatus able to e…
The institutional logics of love
We use Multiple Correspondence Analysis to capture the institutional logics of love and intimacy among a random sample of American university students. Comparing the theoretical assumptions of field theory and the institutional logics approach we explore whether institutional logics of intimacy exist, what kinds of practices are gathered in these logics, and whether these institutional logics are shaped by the actors’ field capitals, viz . gender…
NowHere
NowHere
The practice of informal marriages in the Muslim world
Informal marriages have been on the rise in recent years in the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia (MENASA) region. These unions are different from formal marriages in a number of ways. There are also many factors contributing to the growing popularity of such unions. Both men and women are delaying marriage; rates of formal marriage are declining; and rates of divorce are increasing. Because such unions are generally not registered, it ha…
Complicating Patriarchy
Western stereotypes often characterize gender relations in Muslim-majority societies as uniformly traditional and patriarchal. Underlying this imagery is a unidimensional understanding of gender ideology as moving along a single traditional-to-egalitarian continuum. In this study, we interrogate these assumptions by exploring variability across and within Middle Eastern, North African, and South Asian (MENASA) societies in beliefs related to two …
Beyond the Marketplace
Critical theory, authoritarianism, and the politics of lipstick from the Weimar Republic to the contemporary Middle East
In 2012-13, we signed up for Facebook in seven Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries and used Facebook advertisements to encourage young people to participate in our survey. Nearly 18,000 individuals responded. Some of the questions in our survey dealing with attitudes about women's work and cosmetics were adopted from a survey conducted by the Frankfurt School in 1929 in Germany. The German survey had shown that a great number of men, ir…
The Constitution of Religious Political Violence
This article examines politicized religion on institutional grounds, arguing that religious violence is both a corollary of attempted institutional transformation and, more specifically, of the institutional logic of religion itself. The institutionalism that this article proposes is a cultural sociological project; it seeks to encompass, not displace, prior institutional constitutions. The article contends that institutions are constituted by or…
The value of institutional logics
Roger Friedland brings back the significance of values to the debate on institutional logics. He argues that without values, institutional theory neglects the ‘why’, the purpose that drives humans and is core to the formation of societies. He argues that the loss of values in North American theorizing is related to the desire to leave behind the shadow of Parsons’ theoretical architecture – a desire, we might say, European researchers never knew.…
The Passion of Luc Boltanski
On Justification: Economies of Worth (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991/2006) was a synthetic and comprehensive parsing of common goods, goods that could and had to be justified in public. In response to Bourdieu’s critical sociology, they rather provided a robust and disciplined sociology of critique, the situated requirements of justification. They refused power and violence as integral to the operability of justification. They emphasized the ways in …
Digital romance
Social media creates new virtual public spaces where young women and men living in socially conservative non-Western societies can communicate in order to meet and engage in forbidden intimacies. In this essay, using survey data on thousands of Facebook users from Muslim-majority countries, we look at the relationship between romance in public physical spaces and cyberspaces. To what extent do Facebook users make use of the Internet to pursue rom…
Love in the Middle East
Romantic love is a social fact in the Muslim world. It is also a gender politics impinging on religious and patriarchal understandings of female modesty and agency. This paper analyzes the rise of love as a basis of mate selection in a number of Muslim-majority countries: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Pakistan, Palestine, Tunisia, and Turkey where we have conducted Web-based anonymous surveys of Facebook users. Young people increasingly want love in thei…
Divine institution
This article examines Max Weber’s theory of value spheres as a basis for a polytheistic religious sociology of institutional life. Weber’s approach implies institutional theory as a form of comparative religion. Two problems present themselves. If the values of the spheres are to be considered as “gods,” they do not align easily with Weber’s sociology of religion. Given that love was central both as a driver and a constituent in Weber’s understan…
The institutional logics of love
The gods of institutional life
Weber's theory of value spheres outlines a project of institutional polytheism, each ordered around a 'god'. This suggests not only that social theory can build a religious sociology, but that a theory of institutions must be an exercise in comparative religions. Weber's comparative sociology of religions, however, does not align with his theory of value spheres in terms of his distinction between polytheism and monotheism, transcendence and imma…
The Institutional Logic of Religious Nationalism
This essay seeks to explain the practices of contemporary religious nationalisms by examining these movements not as an agonistic struggle between groups, but as an effort to transform the institutional architecture of society. That religious nationalist movements tend toward violence and are preoccupied with the regulation of sexuality can be derived from the institutional logic of religion, from its parallel and conflicting claims to the ontolo…
The Endless Fields of Pierre Bourdieu
Laying out the logic of Bourdieu’s approach to institutional fields, this essay argues that Bourdieu’s theorization of the logic of practice is a generic contest for domination in a plurality of homologously organized fields. Bourdieu aligns all practices through the logic of domination, which allows him to homologize group relations in every field. This homologization depends on a homogenization of fields, the sociological effacement of their cu…
Theorizing the institution
Jewish Communities in Israel
The formation of the state of Israel in 1948 represented not only a historic achievement but also an extraordinary experiment in the nationalization of a global religion. It is remarkable in part because every strand of Judaism was suddenly condensed into one tiny country. Curiously, Israel contained the very seeds of exilic existence that its founders sought to overcome in the new national existence. Over 2,000 years, Judaism evolved into a tran…
Drag kings at the totem Ball
Politics has a sex because sex is our first politics, our first agency, our first subjection. Over the long sweep of history, collective representation, the capacity to stand for the collectivity, to speak in its name, has been gendered. Men have historically dominated the public sphere, their bodies massed, displayed, and sacrificed as the primary medium and content of collective representation. Women are absent, off-stage, or more recently, pla…
The Cambridge Companion to Durkheim
Long recognised as a foundational figure in the development of social scientific thought, Emile Durkheim's work has been the subject of intense debate over the years. This authoritative and comprehensive collection of essays re-examines the impact of Durkheim's thought, considering the historical contexts of his work as well as evaluating his ideas in relation to current issues and controversies. Eminent authorities in the field have contributed …
Money, Sex, and God
God is once again afoot in the public sphere. Politics has become a religious obligation. For a new breed of religious nationalist the nation-state is a vehicle of the divine. This essay seeks to accomplish four things. The first is to argue for an institutional approach to religious nationalism in order both to interpret and explain it. Second, I argue that religion and nationalism partake of a common symbolic order and that religious nationalis…
God, Love, and Other Good Reasons for Practice
Based on the keynote address given at the conference on “Organizing Institutions: Creating, Enacting and Reacting to Institutional Logics” held at the Banff Springs Hotel in June 2012, this essay analyzes the relationship between Max Weber's polytheistic theory of value spheres and institutional logics, proposing that the latter project entails studying institutional logics through a framework of comparative religions. I argue that God, love, tra…
Beyond the Marketplace
Religious Nationalism and the Problem of Collective Representation
I first argue that religion partakes of the symbolic order of the nation-state and that contemporary nationalisms are suffused with the religious. I then suggest that religious nationalism calls into question the theoretical duality of the social and the cultural, a divide variously identified with the material and the symbolic, class and status, economy and civil society. Religious nationalism, I suggest, requires an institutional approach to th…
The Ties That Bind
We use the interorganizational and intraclass perspectives to examine how hypothesized causes and consequences of interlocking influence one stage in the process by which the interlock network connecting large U.S. corporations is reproduced over time-the reconstitution of disrupted ties. The results of our analysis suggest: 1) that only two of the organizational and class interests associated with interlocking in previous cross-sectional studies…
Lost in Space
The article studies the causes of local and nonlocal interlocking directorates among the largest U.S. industrial corporations in 1964. The authors hypothesize that interlocks are spatial phenomena‐ with spatial attributes and spatial determinants. Consistent with this hypothesis, they find that local and nonlocal interlocks have different correlates. Further, three spatial structures influence interlocking: the location of a corporation's headqua…
Money, Sex, and God
God is once again afoot in the public sphere. Politics has become a religious obligation. For a new breed of religious nationalist the nation-state is a vehicle of the divine. This essay seeks to accomplish four things. The first is to argue for an institutional approach to religious nationalism in order both to interpret and explain it. Second, I argue that religion and nationalism partake of a common symbolic order and that religious nationalis…
Political Participation and Public Policy
The Public Economy and Economic Growth in Western Market Economies
This essay analyzes the impact of two welfare states-one for households and the other forfirms-on economic growth in twelve advanced market economies between 1962 and 1983. We find that both welfare states contain stimulative and depressing forms of spending. Transfers in support of household income stimulate growth, while public production of goods and services largely consumed by households depresses growth. Transfers to firms may have a predom…
Class Power and State Policy
This paper investigates the impact of business and labor organizations upon governmental redistribution to the poor, or the extent to which government expenditures and revenues redistribute income to poor households. A cross-sectional analysis of 48 American states circa 1960 supports the propositions that large business corporations negatively affect governmental redistribution and that labor unions positively affect governmental redistribution.…
Political conflict, urban structure, and the fiscal crisis1
Les gouvernements locaux ont pour rǒle d'encourager d'une part la croissance économique, d'autre part l'intégration politique. Cette double fonction devient potentiellement contradictoire dans des conditions qui sont soit celles de la croissance, ou de la récession économique. Les gouvernements locaux sont donc organisés, et pour empěcher l'émergence de conflits politiques urbains intenses, et pour assurer l'adaptation continue aux besoins change…
The institutional logics of love
The Bodies of Nations
Class Power and Social Control
The gods of institutional life
Weber's theory of value spheres outlines a project of institutional polytheism, each ordered around a 'god'. This suggests not only that social theory can build a religious sociology, but that a theory of institutions must be an exercise in comparative religions. Weber's comparative sociology of religions, however, does not align with his theory of value spheres in terms of his distinction between polytheism and monotheism, transcendence and imma…
The Institutional Logic of Religious Nationalism
This essay seeks to explain the practices of contemporary religious nationalisms by examining these movements not as an agonistic struggle between groups, but as an effort to transform the institutional architecture of society. That religious nationalist movements tend toward violence and are preoccupied with the regulation of sexuality can be derived from the institutional logic of religion, from its parallel and conflicting claims to the ontolo…
Nations, parties, and participation
Theorizing the institution
Corporate Power and Urban Growth
Complicating Patriarchy
Western stereotypes often characterize gender relations in Muslim-majority societies as uniformly traditional and patriarchal. Underlying this imagery is a unidimensional understanding of gender ideology as moving along a single traditional-to-egalitarian continuum. In this study, we interrogate these assumptions by exploring variability across and within Middle Eastern, North African, and South Asian (MENASA) societies in beliefs related to two …
Love in the Middle East
Romantic love is a social fact in the Muslim world. It is also a gender politics impinging on religious and patriarchal understandings of female modesty and agency. This paper analyzes the rise of love as a basis of mate selection in a number of Muslim-majority countries: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Pakistan, Palestine, Tunisia, and Turkey where we have conducted Web-based anonymous surveys of Facebook users. Young people increasingly want love in thei…
Central city fiscal strains
The practice of informal marriages in the Muslim world
Informal marriages have been on the rise in recent years in the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia (MENASA) region. These unions are different from formal marriages in a number of ways. There are also many factors contributing to the growing popularity of such unions. Both men and women are delaying marriage; rates of formal marriage are declining; and rates of divorce are increasing. Because such unions are generally not registered, it ha…
Digital romance
Social media creates new virtual public spaces where young women and men living in socially conservative non-Western societies can communicate in order to meet and engage in forbidden intimacies. In this essay, using survey data on thousands of Facebook users from Muslim-majority countries, we look at the relationship between romance in public physical spaces and cyberspaces. To what extent do Facebook users make use of the Internet to pursue rom…
Corporations and the Urban Advanced Business Service Sector
This article analyzes interurban variation in one advanced service, management consulting, across large U.S. cities in 1963. Human ecologists assume advanced services fulfill a coordinative function in the metropolitan system. Consistent with this view, we found that: (1) metropolitan population size and distance to neighboring metropolitan areas were positively associated with a city's consulting activity, (2) the number of other large cities wi…
Private and social wage expansion in the advanced market economies
Critical theory, authoritarianism, and the politics of lipstick from the Weimar Republic to the contemporary Middle East
In 2012-13, we signed up for Facebook in seven Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries and used Facebook advertisements to encourage young people to participate in our survey. Nearly 18,000 individuals responded. Some of the questions in our survey dealing with attitudes about women's work and cosmetics were adopted from a survey conducted by the Frankfurt School in 1929 in Germany. The German survey had shown that a great number of men, ir…
Nations, parties, and participation
Political Participation and Public Policy
Class Power and Social Control
Political conflict, urban structure, and the fiscal crisis1
Les gouvernements locaux ont pour rǒle d'encourager d'une part la croissance économique, d'autre part l'intégration politique. Cette double fonction devient potentiellement contradictoire dans des conditions qui sont soit celles de la croissance, ou de la récession économique. Les gouvernements locaux sont donc organisés, et pour empěcher l'émergence de conflits politiques urbains intenses, et pour assurer l'adaptation continue aux besoins change…
Class Power and State Policy
This paper investigates the impact of business and labor organizations upon governmental redistribution to the poor, or the extent to which government expenditures and revenues redistribute income to poor households. A cross-sectional analysis of 48 American states circa 1960 supports the propositions that large business corporations negatively affect governmental redistribution and that labor unions positively affect governmental redistribution.…
Metropolitan Accessibility and Socioeconomic Differentiation in Nonmetropolitan Areas
Journal Article Metropolitan Accessibility and Socioeconomic Differentiation in Nonmetropolitan Areas Get access James R. Lincoln, James R. Lincoln Indiana University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Roger Friedland Roger Friedland University of California, Santa Barbara Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 57, Issue 2, December 1978, Pages 688–696, …
Corporate Power and Urban Growth
The Local Economy of Political Power
This article analyzes the ways in which political power of business has been studied in the city. Political power of business has been related to various actor characteristics: Participation, organizational structure, and control over local economic activities. The political power of business is inferred from the relationship between these characteristics and interlocal variation in public policies. The limits of each approach are reviewed
Central city fiscal strains
The Politics of Profit and the Geography of Growth
The growing mobility and economic dominance of multilocational corporations have given them a decisive advantage over residents in the determination of local fiscal policy. The Reagan administration's austerity measures for social programs have reduced the flow of federal funds that had helped to balance strained local budgets. This is being done to reduce social wages while increasing social capital spending at national and subnational levels of…
Preference and Profits in Urban Politics
Class and Power in American Cities
Powers of Theory
Existing theories of the nature of the state in Western capitalist democracies have been mostly propounded from one of three major theoretical perspectives, each emphasising a particular aspect of the state: the 'pluralist', which emphasises its democratic aspect: the 'managerial', which emphasises its bureaucratic elements: and the 'class', which focuses on its capitalistic aspect. Each of these theoretical perspectives has contributed something…
The Public Economy and Economic Growth in Western Market Economies
This essay analyzes the impact of two welfare states-one for households and the other forfirms-on economic growth in twelve advanced market economies between 1962 and 1983. We find that both welfare states contain stimulative and depressing forms of spending. Transfers in support of household income stimulate growth, while public production of goods and services largely consumed by households depresses growth. Transfers to firms may have a predom…
The Ties That Bind
We use the interorganizational and intraclass perspectives to examine how hypothesized causes and consequences of interlocking influence one stage in the process by which the interlock network connecting large U.S. corporations is reproduced over time-the reconstitution of disrupted ties. The results of our analysis suggest: 1) that only two of the organizational and class interests associated with interlocking in previous cross-sectional studies…
Private and social wage expansion in the advanced market economies
Powers of Theory
Existing theories of the nature of the state in Western capitalist democracies have been mostly propounded from one of three major theoretical perspectives, each emphasising a particular aspect of the state: the 'pluralist', which emphasises its democratic aspect: the 'managerial', which emphasises its bureaucratic elements: and the 'class', which focuses on its capitalistic aspect. Each of these theoretical perspectives has contributed something…
Giddens' Golden Gloves
The geography of corporate production
Corporations and the Urban Advanced Business Service Sector
This article analyzes interurban variation in one advanced service, management consulting, across large U.S. cities in 1963. Human ecologists assume advanced services fulfill a coordinative function in the metropolitan system. Consistent with this view, we found that: (1) metropolitan population size and distance to neighboring metropolitan areas were positively associated with a city's consulting activity, (2) the number of other large cities wi…
Beyond the Marketplace
Space, Place, and Modernity
Beyond the Marketplace
PART I. INTRODUCTION, PART II. INDIVIDUALS AND MARKETS PART III. SOCIETY AS MARKET, PART IV. MARKETS IN SOCIETY PART V. MARKETS AS SOCIETY, About the Authors
Beyond the Marketplace
Beyond the Marketplace
Political science (44 works) · Sociology (42 works) · Law (30 works) · Politics (26 works) · Philosophy (21 works) · Economics (17 works) · Epistemology (16 works) · Business (12 works) · Law (12 works) · Religion and Society Interactions (12 works)